CN115556636A - Power battery heating system and electric vehicle - Google Patents

Power battery heating system and electric vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115556636A
CN115556636A CN202211260957.0A CN202211260957A CN115556636A CN 115556636 A CN115556636 A CN 115556636A CN 202211260957 A CN202211260957 A CN 202211260957A CN 115556636 A CN115556636 A CN 115556636A
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China
Prior art keywords
power battery
charging
semiconductor switch
heating system
motor
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Pending
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CN202211260957.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
费为伟
刘捷宇
邓瑞阳
黄思然
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GAC Aion New Energy Automobile Co Ltd
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GAC Aion New Energy Automobile Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202211260957.0A priority Critical patent/CN115556636A/en
Publication of CN115556636A publication Critical patent/CN115556636A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
    • B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
    • B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
    • B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
    • B60L58/27—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by heating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/005—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric storage means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K1/00—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/003—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units
    • B60K2001/006—Arrangement or mounting of electrical propulsion units with means for cooling the electrical propulsion units the electric motors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the application provides a power battery heating system and an electric vehicle, and relates to the technical field of battery heating. The power battery heating system comprises an electric driving mechanism, a power battery, a charging mechanism and a thermal management waterway mechanism; the power battery comprises a first power battery and a second power battery; the electric driving mechanism comprises a motor and three-phase bridge arm components, wherein three phases of the motor are respectively connected with three-phase end points of the three-phase bridge arm components; the charging mechanism comprises a charging semiconductor switch assembly and a charging diode, the charging semiconductor switch assembly comprises a first charging semiconductor switch, the first charging semiconductor switch is connected between the first power battery and the second power battery, the charging diode is connected with the first charging semiconductor switch in parallel, and the star point of the motor is connected between the second power battery and the first charging semiconductor switch; the heat management waterway mechanism is respectively connected with a cooling pipeline of the electric driving mechanism and a cooling pipeline of the power battery. The power battery heating system can achieve the technical effect of improving the heating efficiency.

Description

Power battery heating system and electric vehicle
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of battery heating, in particular to a power battery heating system and an electric vehicle.
Background
On one hand, when the lithium ion power battery is directly charged at a low temperature, lithium separation is easily generated, so that the driving range of a vehicle is reduced, the service life of the power battery is reduced, and even safety accidents are caused, therefore, in a low-temperature environment, the power battery needs to be heated to a certain temperature and then charged; on the other hand, as the charging rate of the power battery increases, the energy supplementing speed of the power battery is greatly increased, and currently, the charging time is mainly limited by the heating time of the power battery in a low-temperature environment. Therefore, a heating system capable of greatly increasing the heating speed of the power battery is urgently needed in the current market.
In the prior art, a power battery heating system mainly has two technical implementation modes of external heating and internal self-heating, wherein the internal self-heating has higher heating efficiency, and the battery is heated more uniformly. The external heating is mainly realized by adopting parts such as thermistors or heat pump air conditioners, the internal self-heating is realized by adopting repeated pulse charging and discharging and utilizing the internal resistance of a power battery, and the self-heating is mainly realized by modifying the circuit topology (such as adding an intermediate energy storage element) or using a charging pile with bidirectional charging and discharging capacity. They are either limited in heating effectiveness or expensive to manufacture and, in the case of charging scenarios, can only be used for battery pre-charging preheating.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the application is providing a power battery heating system and electric vehicle, can realize that inside heating and external heating act on simultaneously in the charging process, realize improving heating efficiency's technological effect.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a power battery heating system, which includes an electric driving mechanism, a power battery, a charging mechanism, and a thermal management waterway mechanism;
the power battery comprises a first power battery and a second power battery;
the electric driving mechanism comprises a motor and a three-phase bridge arm assembly, wherein three phases of the motor are respectively connected with three-phase end points of the three-phase bridge arm assembly;
the charging mechanism comprises a charging semiconductor switch assembly and a charging diode, the charging semiconductor switch assembly comprises a first charging semiconductor switch, the first charging semiconductor switch is connected between the first power battery and the second power battery, the charging diode is connected with the first charging semiconductor switch in parallel, and a star point of the motor is connected between the second power battery and the first charging semiconductor switch;
and the heat management waterway mechanism is respectively connected with the cooling pipeline of the electric driving mechanism and the cooling pipeline of the power battery.
In the above-mentioned realization in-process, this power battery heating system sets up charging mechanism, through the semiconductor switch subassembly that charges and the diode that charges, and the mutually supporting of electricity driving mechanism, make the power battery charge at the pulse heating in-process, through heat management waterway mechanism, can further utilize the heat that the motor produced among the electricity driving system, heat for the power battery, so this power battery heating system can realize charging in-process internal heating and external heating simultaneous action, realize improving heating efficiency's technological effect.
Further, the system also comprises a three-way valve, and the three-way valve is respectively connected with the thermal management waterway mechanism, the cooling pipeline of the electric driving mechanism and the cooling pipeline of the power battery.
In the implementation process, the heat management waterway mechanism can directly flow back through the three-way valve after flowing through the cooling pipeline of the electric driving mechanism, and can also flow back through the cooling pipeline of the power battery, so that the external heating of the power battery is realized, and the diversity of heating operation modes is increased.
Furthermore, the negative pole of the first power battery is connected with one end of the first charging semiconductor switch, the positive pole of the second power battery is connected with the other end of the first charging semiconductor switch, and the star point of the motor is connected with the positive pole of the second power battery.
Further, the power battery heating system is provided with a charging port, the charging semiconductor switch assembly further comprises a second charging semiconductor switch and a third charging semiconductor switch, one end of the charging port is connected to the negative electrode of the first power battery through the second charging semiconductor switch, one end of the charging port is connected to the positive electrode of the first power battery through the third charging semiconductor switch, and the other end of the charging port is connected to the negative electrode of the second power battery.
Further, the charging semiconductor switch assembly further comprises a fourth charging semiconductor switch, and the second charging semiconductor switch is connected with the other end of the charging port through the fourth charging semiconductor switch.
Further, the system also comprises a low-voltage mechanism, wherein the low-voltage mechanism is connected in parallel with two ends of the charging port and is used for charging a low-voltage load.
Further, the three-phase bridge arm assembly comprises a plurality of electrically-driven semiconductor switches and a plurality of electrically-driven diodes, wherein the electrically-driven semiconductor switches are connected in parallel with the corresponding electrically-driven diodes.
Furthermore, the three-phase bridge arm assembly comprises three groups of bridge arm mechanisms, each group of bridge arm mechanism comprises two electrically-driven semiconductor switches, and three phases of the motor are respectively connected with the middle points of the three groups of bridge arm mechanisms.
Furthermore, the electric driving mechanism further comprises a bus capacitor, and two ends of the bus capacitor are respectively connected with the anode of the first power battery and the cathode of the second power battery.
In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electric vehicle including the power battery heating system of any one of the first aspects.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by the practice of the above-described techniques.
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings that are required to be used in the embodiments of the present application will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and that those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on the drawings without inventive efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic circuit topology diagram of a power battery heating system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of a water path structure of a power battery heating system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first stage of a thermal management system of a power battery according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second stage of a thermal management system of a power battery according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a power battery thermal management system according to an embodiment of the present application at a third stage;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fourth stage of a thermal management system of a power battery according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating a charge/discharge state of a first power battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of a charge-discharge state of a second power battery provided in the embodiment of the present application;
fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of a charging power of a charging mechanism according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of a second charging process of the thermal management system for a power battery according to the embodiment of the present application.
Icon: the electric drive mechanism 100; a motor 110; a three-phase bridge arm assembly 120; an electrically driven semiconductor switch 121; an electrically driven diode 122; a bus capacitor 130; a power battery 200; a first power cell 210; a second power cell 220; a charging mechanism 300; a charging semiconductor switch element 310; a first charging semiconductor switch 311; a second charging semiconductor switch 312; a third charging semiconductor switch 313; a fourth charging semiconductor switch 314; a charging diode 320; a thermal management waterway mechanism 400; a three-way valve 500; a charging port 600; a low pressure mechanism 700.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application, as generally described and illustrated in the figures herein, could be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application, presented in the accompanying drawings, is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present application without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
In this application, the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "middle", "vertical", "horizontal", "lateral", "longitudinal", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These terms are used primarily to better describe the present application and its embodiments, and are not used to limit the indicated devices, elements or components to a particular orientation or to be constructed and operated in a particular orientation.
Moreover, some of the above terms may be used in other meanings besides orientation or positional relationship, for example, the term "upper" may also be used in some cases to indicate a certain attaching or connecting relationship. The specific meaning of these terms in this application will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
Furthermore, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "provided," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly. For example, it may be a fixed connection, a removable connection, or a unitary construction; can be a mechanical connection, or a point connection; may be directly connected, indirectly connected through intervening media, or may be in internal communication between two devices, elements or components. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used primarily to distinguish one device, element, or component from another (the specific nature and configuration may be the same or different), and are not used to indicate or imply the relative importance or number of the indicated devices, elements, or components. "plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.
The power battery heating system and the electric vehicle provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to the heating process of the power battery; this power battery heating system sets up charging mechanism, through the semiconductor switch subassembly that charges and the diode that charges to and the mutually supporting of electricity driving mechanism, make power battery charge at the pulse heating in-process, through heat management waterway mechanism, can further utilize the heat that the motor produced in the electricity driving system, heat for power battery, so this power battery heating system can realize charging in-process internal heating and external heating simultaneous action, realize improving heating efficiency's technological effect.
Referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, fig. 1 is a schematic circuit topology diagram of a power battery heating system provided in an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 2 is a schematic water path structure diagram of the power battery heating system provided in the embodiment of the present application; the power battery heating system comprises an electric drive mechanism 100, a power battery 200, a charging mechanism 300 and a thermal management waterway mechanism 400.
Illustratively, the power battery 200 includes a first power battery 210 and a second power battery 220.
Illustratively, the power battery is divided into a first power battery 210 and a second power battery 220, and the transportation of energy and the control of pulse frequency between the first power battery 210 and the second power battery 220 are performed by using a motor and a motor controller in the electric drive mechanism 100, so as to realize the instant lossless charging function of the power battery in the cold environment.
Illustratively, electric drive mechanism 100 includes an electric motor 110 and a three-phase leg assembly 120, with three phases of electric motor 110 being connected to three-phase terminals of three-phase leg assembly 120, respectively.
For example, the connection relationship between the motor 110 and the three-phase bridge arm assembly 120 may be a conventional connection relationship, and is not described herein again; the three-phase bridge arm assembly 120 may be used to perform circuit control of the motor 110.
Illustratively, the charging mechanism 300 includes a charging semiconductor switch assembly 310 and a charging diode 320, the charging semiconductor switch assembly 310 includes a first charging semiconductor switch 311, the first charging semiconductor switch 311 is connected between the first power battery 210 and the second power battery 220, the charging diode 320 is connected in parallel with the first charging semiconductor switch 311, and the star point of the motor 110 is connected between the second power battery 220 and the first charging semiconductor switch 311.
Illustratively, the power cell 200 is capable of being charged during the pulse heating process by the interaction of the charging semiconductor switch assembly 310 and the charging diode 320, as well as the electrical drive mechanism 100.
Illustratively, the thermal management waterway mechanism 400 is respectively connected to the cooling pipeline of the electric drive mechanism 100 and the cooling pipeline of the power battery 200.
Illustratively, the electric drive mechanism 100 and the power battery 200 are both provided with cooling pipelines, and temperature regulation, such as heating or cooling, of the electric drive mechanism 100 and the power battery 200 can be realized through the thermal management waterway mechanism 400.
Illustratively, the power battery heating system further comprises a three-way valve 500, and the three-way valve 500 is respectively connected with the thermal management waterway mechanism 400, the cooling pipeline of the electric drive mechanism 100, and the cooling pipeline of the power battery 200.
For example, after flowing through the cooling pipeline of the electric drive mechanism 100, the thermal management waterway mechanism 400 may selectively flow back directly through the three-way valve 500, or may selectively flow back again after flowing through the cooling pipeline of the power battery 200, so as to achieve external heating of the power battery 200, and increase the diversity of the heating operation modes.
Illustratively, the negative pole of the first power battery 210 is connected to one end of the first charging semiconductor switch 311, the positive pole of the second power battery 220 is connected to the other end of the first charging semiconductor switch 311, and the star point of the motor 110 is connected to the positive pole of the second power battery 220.
Illustratively, the power battery heating system is provided with a charging port 600, the charging semiconductor switch assembly 310 further comprises a second charging semiconductor switch 312 and a third charging semiconductor switch 313, one end of the charging port 600 is connected to the negative pole of the first power battery 210 through the second charging semiconductor switch 312, one end of the charging port 600 is connected to the positive pole of the first power battery 210 through the third charging semiconductor switch 313, and the other end of the charging port 600 is connected to the negative pole of the second power battery 220.
Illustratively, the charging semiconductor switch assembly 310 further includes a fourth charging semiconductor switch 314, and the second charging semiconductor switch 312 is connected to the other end of the charging port 600 through the fourth charging semiconductor switch 314.
Illustratively, the power battery thermal management system further comprises a low-voltage mechanism 700, wherein the low-voltage mechanism 700 is connected in parallel to two ends of the charging port 600, and the low-voltage mechanism 700 is used for charging a low-voltage load.
Illustratively, the three-phase leg assembly 120 includes a plurality of electrically-driven semiconductor switches 121 and a plurality of electrically-driven diodes 122, the electrically-driven semiconductor switches 121 being connected in parallel with corresponding electrically-driven diodes 122.
Illustratively, the three-phase bridge arm assembly includes three sets of bridge arm mechanisms, each set of bridge arm mechanisms includes two electrically-driven semiconductor switches 121, and three phases of the motor 110 are respectively connected to midpoints of the three sets of bridge arm mechanisms.
Illustratively, the electric driving mechanism 100 further includes a bus capacitor 130, and two ends of the bus capacitor 130 are respectively connected to the positive electrode of the first power battery 210 and the negative electrode of the second power battery 220.
Illustratively, the bus capacitors 130 act as a filter.
It should be noted that the charging semiconductor switch and the electric driving semiconductor switch described in the embodiments of the present application may be various types of power switches, such as a triode, (Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor (IGBT), etc., and are not limited herein.
In some embodiments, with reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2, when the power battery 200 is charged, the initial temperature of the power battery 200 is obtained at the moment of inserting the charging gun, and is compared with the preset temperature of the power battery 200, if the initial temperature is not less than the preset temperature, the electric driving mechanism 100 does not participate in the operation, and the charging mechanism 300 controls the corresponding charging semiconductor switch assembly 310 to directly charge the power battery 200;
otherwise, the charging mechanism 300 and the motor 110 control the corresponding electrically-driven semiconductor switch 121 to heat and charge the power battery 200, and simultaneously monitor the real-time temperature of the power battery 200 and the real-time temperature of the motor. Then, comparing the real-time temperature of the motor 110 with the preset temperature thereof, and if the real-time temperature of the motor 110 is lower than the preset temperature, the three-way valve 500 only conducts the cooling loop of the electric driving mechanism 100; otherwise, the cooling circuit of the electric drive mechanism 100 and the power battery 200 is switched on, and the power battery 200 is heated by the heat generated by the motor 110. And finally, comparing the real-time temperature of the power battery 200 with the preset temperature, if the real-time temperature of the power battery 200 is lower than the preset temperature, continuing to charge while heating, otherwise, entering a direct charging mode, and ending the process after the power battery 200 is fully charged or the charging is stopped artificially.
In some embodiments, according to different charging processes, the thermal management system for a power battery provided in an embodiment of the present application may be divided into two major processes, that is, a first charging process and a second charging process;
(1) A first charging process:
the first charging process is a charging process while heating, and the charging process is entered when the initial temperature of the power battery is less than the preset temperature, and comprises 4 stages:
1) The first stage is as follows: discharging the first power battery;
as shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a first stage of a thermal management system of a power battery according to an embodiment of the present application; in the discharging stage of the first power battery 210, only the first charging semiconductor switch 311 and part of the electrically-driven semiconductor switches 121 are turned on, the first power battery 210 forms a loop through the motor 110 and the charging diode 320 and discharges electricity to the motor 110, so that the electricity is stored in the motor 110, and meanwhile, the charging port 600 supplies electricity to a low-voltage load through the low-voltage mechanism 700;
2) And a second stage:
as shown in fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a second stage of a thermal management system of a power battery according to an embodiment of the present application; on the one hand, the third charging semiconductor switch 313 and the fourth charging semiconductor switch 314 are turned on, and the charging port 600 directly charges the first power battery 210; on the other hand, the charging port 600 supplies power to a low-voltage load via the low-voltage mechanism 700; at the same time, the motor 110 freewheels through a portion of the electric drive diode 122 to charge the second power cell 220.
3) And a third stage: discharging the second power battery;
as shown in fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a third stage of a thermal management system of a power battery according to an embodiment of the present application; during the discharging phase of the second power battery 220, only part of the electrically-driven semiconductor switch 121 is turned on, the second power battery 220 forms a loop through the motor 110 and discharges electricity to the motor 110, so as to store electricity in the motor 110, and meanwhile, the charging port 600 supplies electricity to the low-voltage load through the low-voltage mechanism 700.
4) A fourth stage: the motor charges the first power battery and the charging mechanism charges the second power battery;
as shown in fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fourth stage of a thermal management system of a power battery according to an embodiment of the present application; on one hand, the second charging semiconductor switch 312 and a part of the electrically-driven semiconductor switches 121 are turned on, and the charging port 600 directly charges the second power battery 220; on the other hand, the charging port 600 supplies power to a low-voltage load via the low-voltage mechanism 700; at the same time, the motor 110 freewheels through a portion of the electric drive diode 122 to charge the first power cell 210.
Exemplarily, in the four stages shown in fig. 3 to 6, the charge-discharge states of the first power battery 210 and the second power battery 220 and the charging power of the charging mechanism 300 are shown in fig. 7 to 9, fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the charge-discharge state of the first power battery provided in the embodiment of the present application, fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of the charge-discharge state of the second power battery provided in the embodiment of the present application, and fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the charging power of the charging mechanism provided in the embodiment of the present application;
in addition, during the process of heating and charging the power battery, as exemplified in the above working process, if the real-time temperature of the motor 110 is lower than the preset temperature, the three-way valve 500 only conducts the cooling loop of the electric driving mechanism 100; otherwise, the cooling circuit of the electric drive mechanism 100 and the power battery 200 is switched on, and the power battery 200 is heated by the heat generated by the motor 110.
(2) A second charging process:
a second charging process, namely a direct charging process, which is performed when the temperature (including the initial temperature and the real-time temperature) of the power battery 200 is not less than the preset temperature, as shown in fig. 10, fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the second charging process of the thermal management system of the power battery provided in the embodiment of the present application; at this time, only the first charging semiconductor switch 311 and the third charging semiconductor switch 313 are turned on, the first power battery 210 and the first power battery 220 are connected in series, the charging port 600 directly charges the whole power battery 200, and the charging port 600 supplies power to the low-voltage load through the low-voltage mechanism 700.
Exemplarily, the embodiment of the application provides an electric vehicle, which comprises a power battery heating system shown in fig. 1 to 10.
Exemplarily, the power battery heating system and the electric vehicle provided by the embodiment of the application can realize the function of heating and charging the power battery by adding a plurality of semiconductor switches, diodes, three-way valves and a plurality of copper bars by changing the existing heat management structure, and have lower cost compared with the conventional scheme; in addition, in the charging process, the conduction frequency of the semiconductor switches of the electric driving mechanism and the charging mechanism is reasonably controlled, so that the battery can be self-heated only by using ohmic internal resistance, the service life of the power battery is not damaged, and the battery is better than external heating modes such as a thermistor in the aspects of heating efficiency, temperature consistency and the like.
In some embodiments, the power battery heating system provided by the embodiment of the application can realize gun insertion and charging of the power battery even in a high and cold area due to the change of topology, and the power battery does not need to be heated to a certain temperature for recharging in advance, so that the charging time is shortened; in addition, the heating time can be further shortened by fully utilizing the heat generated by the motor and combining the pulse self-heating inside the battery with the external water circulation heating.
For example, in the power battery heating system provided by the embodiment of the application, in the early pulse heating process, that is, in one heating cycle, the entire battery pack can be charged twice, and compared with the conventional scheme, the charging amount in the same cycle is more.
For example, the embodiment disclosed in the application can be applied to both fast charging and slow charging, has no specific requirement on a vehicle charging socket, and can also be applied to a preheating scene of a power battery before starting.
In all embodiments of the present application, the terms "large" and "small" are relatively speaking, and the terms "upper" and "lower" are relatively speaking, so that descriptions of these relative terms are not repeated herein.
It should be appreciated that reference throughout this specification to "in this embodiment," "in an embodiment of the present application," or "as an alternative implementation" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in this embodiment," "in the examples of the present application," or "as an alternative embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. Those skilled in the art should also appreciate that the embodiments described in this specification are all alternative embodiments and that the acts and modules involved are not necessarily required for this application.
In various embodiments of the present application, it should be understood that the size of the serial number of each process described above does not mean that the execution sequence is necessarily sequential, and the execution sequence of each process should be determined by its function and inherent logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.
The above description is only for the specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of the changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A power battery heating system is characterized by comprising an electric driving mechanism, a power battery, a charging mechanism and a thermal management waterway mechanism;
the power battery comprises a first power battery and a second power battery;
the electric driving mechanism comprises a motor and three-phase bridge arm components, wherein three phases of the motor are respectively connected with three-phase end points of the three-phase bridge arm components;
the charging mechanism comprises a charging semiconductor switch assembly and a charging diode, the charging semiconductor switch assembly comprises a first charging semiconductor switch, the first charging semiconductor switch is connected between the first power battery and the second power battery, the charging diode is connected with the first charging semiconductor switch in parallel, and a star point of the motor is connected between the second power battery and the first charging semiconductor switch;
and the heat management waterway mechanism is respectively connected with the cooling pipeline of the electric driving mechanism and the cooling pipeline of the power battery.
2. The power battery heating system according to claim 1, further comprising a three-way valve, wherein the three-way valve is connected to the thermal management waterway mechanism, the cooling pipeline of the electric drive mechanism, and the cooling pipeline of the power battery, respectively.
3. The power battery heating system of claim 1, wherein a negative electrode of the first power battery is connected to one end of the first charging semiconductor switch, a positive electrode of the second power battery is connected to the other end of the first charging semiconductor switch, and a star point of the motor is connected to a positive electrode of the second power battery.
4. The power battery heating system according to claim 1, wherein the power battery heating system is provided with a charging port, the charging semiconductor switch assembly further comprises a second charging semiconductor switch and a third charging semiconductor switch, one end of the charging port is connected to the negative pole of the first power battery through the second charging semiconductor switch, one end of the charging port is connected to the positive pole of the first power battery through the third charging semiconductor switch, and the other end of the charging port is connected to the negative pole of the second power battery.
5. The power battery heating system of claim 4, wherein the charging semiconductor switch assembly further comprises a fourth charging semiconductor switch, the second charging semiconductor switch being connected to the other end of the charging port through the fourth charging semiconductor switch.
6. The power battery heating system of claim 4, further comprising a low voltage mechanism connected in parallel across the charging port, the low voltage mechanism being configured to charge a low voltage load.
7. The power cell heating system of claim 1, wherein the three-phase leg assembly comprises a plurality of electrically-driven semiconductor switches and a plurality of electrically-driven diodes, the electrically-driven semiconductor switches being connected in parallel with the corresponding electrically-driven diodes.
8. The power battery heating system of claim 7, wherein the three-phase bridge arm assembly comprises three sets of bridge arm mechanisms, each set of bridge arm mechanisms comprises two of the electrically-driven semiconductor switches, and three phases of the motor are respectively connected to midpoints of the three sets of bridge arm mechanisms.
9. The power cell heating system of claim 1, wherein the electrical drive mechanism further comprises a bus capacitor, and two ends of the bus capacitor are respectively connected to the positive electrode of the first power cell and the negative electrode of the second power cell.
10. An electric vehicle characterized by comprising the power battery heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202211260957.0A 2022-10-14 2022-10-14 Power battery heating system and electric vehicle Pending CN115556636A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211260957.0A CN115556636A (en) 2022-10-14 2022-10-14 Power battery heating system and electric vehicle

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202211260957.0A CN115556636A (en) 2022-10-14 2022-10-14 Power battery heating system and electric vehicle

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115556636A true CN115556636A (en) 2023-01-03

Family

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202211260957.0A Pending CN115556636A (en) 2022-10-14 2022-10-14 Power battery heating system and electric vehicle

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115556636A (en)

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