CN115555894A

CN115555894A - Intelligent machining center

Info

Publication number: CN115555894A
Application number: CN202211067608.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋修华; 杨志雄
Original assignee: Nanjing Tengyang Machinery Co ltd
Current assignee: Nanjing Tengyang Machinery Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-09-01
Filing date: 2022-09-01
Publication date: 2023-01-03
Anticipated expiration: 2042-09-01
Also published as: CN115555894B

Abstract

The invention discloses an intelligent machining center which comprises a machine tool body, a machining table, a main shaft and a tool magazine, wherein a tool changing mechanism and a cutter head which can rotate are arranged on the same axis in the tool magazine, a plurality of tool clamping mechanisms are fixed on the outer edge of the cutter head, and the distance between one tool clamping mechanism closest to the tool changing mechanism and the tool changing mechanism is equal to the distance between the main shaft and the tool changing mechanism; the tool changing mechanism comprises a sleeve, an electric push rod for driving the sleeve to stretch, a tool holder for dismounting a tool and a driving motor for driving the sleeve to rotate for tool changing, wherein a connecting rod is connected between the sleeve and the tool holder, and the tool holder is symmetrical about the central axis of the sleeve. The cutter clamping mechanisms are distributed on the outer side of the circular cutter disc to clamp different cutters, the cutter disc can rotate, and the positions of the different cutters are changed.

Description

Intelligent machining center

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of machining, in particular to an intelligent machining center.

Background

The numerical control machining center is a high-efficiency automatic machine tool which consists of mechanical equipment and a numerical control system and is suitable for machining complex parts. The functions of milling, boring, drilling, tapping, cutting threads and the like are integrated on one device, so that the device has multiple processing procedures. The machining center is classified according to the spatial position of the main shaft during machining into: horizontal and vertical machining centers.

Numerical control machining center develops from numerical control milling machine and comes, lies in the ability that numerical control machining center has automatic exchange processing cutter with numerical control milling machine's the biggest difference, through the cutter of installing different usage on the tool magazine, can change the epaxial processing cutter of main through automatic toolchanger in a clamping, realize multiple processing function, however current tool magazine is mostly chain structure, and transmission speed is slow, and it is longer to lead to the tool changing time consuming, and then influences machining efficiency.

To this end, we propose an intelligent machining center to solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide an intelligent machining center to solve the problems in the background technology.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:

the intelligent machining center comprises a machine tool body, a machining table, a main shaft and a tool magazine, wherein a tool changing mechanism and a cutter head which can rotate are arranged on the same axis in the tool magazine, a plurality of tool clamping mechanisms are fixed on the outer edge of the cutter head, and the distance between one tool clamping mechanism closest to the tool changing mechanism and the tool changing mechanism is equal to the distance between the main shaft and the tool changing mechanism;

the tool changing mechanism comprises a sleeve, an electric push rod for driving the sleeve to stretch, a tool holder for dismounting a tool and a driving motor for driving the sleeve to rotate for tool changing, wherein a connecting rod is connected between the sleeve and the tool holder, and the tool holder is symmetrical about the axial lead of the sleeve.

In a further embodiment, the inner wall of the tool holder is symmetrically provided with deep grooves, the rollers are rotatably arranged in the deep grooves, the distance between the two rollers is smaller than the outer diameter of the tail end of the tool, one side of each roller close to the deep part of the deep groove is connected with a support, the support can slide in the deep grooves, and the support and the tool holder are connected through elastic sheets.

In a further embodiment, the front end and the rear end of the bracket are respectively and rotatably connected with a first gear, the outer side of the first gear is meshed and connected with a second gear, one side of the second gear, far away from the first gear, is meshed and connected with a rack, and one end of the rack, close to the inner part of the tool holder, is provided with a pressing block.

In a further embodiment, the cutter clamping mechanism comprises a fixed frame and clamping rods symmetrically distributed in the fixed frame, two ends of each clamping rod are symmetrically connected with rolling rods, the rolling rods are connected through traction ropes, and the traction ropes can be wound on the outer surfaces of the rolling rods.

In a further embodiment, the clamping rod comprises an outer cylinder, a core rod penetrating through the inner part of the outer cylinder and fixed with the winding rod, an anti-skidding sleeve sleeved on the outer surface of the outer cylinder and a plurality of springs II connected between the outer cylinder and the core rod.

In a further embodiment, the inner wall of the fixing frame is symmetrically provided with sliding rails, two ends of each sliding rail are provided with a first spring, the rolling rod is connected with the core rod through a bolt, one end of the rolling rod, which is far away from the core rod, is provided with a bearing, and the outer side of the bearing is provided with a limiting sliding block which can slide in the sliding rails.

In a further embodiment, the fixed frame is connected with the cutter head through a mounting plate, and adjusting structures are symmetrically mounted on two outer sides of the fixed frame.

In a further embodiment, the adjusting structure comprises a screw rod penetrating through the fixing frame, a nut is sleeved on the outer side of one end, extending out of the fixing frame, of the screw rod in a threaded manner, a winding rod is installed at one end, extending into the fixing frame, of the screw rod, and the winding rod is fixed with the middle of the traction rope.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

1. when the main shaft needs to exchange tools, the main shaft moves to the nearest position close to the tool magazine through a moving structure in the machine tool body, and at the moment, the distance between the axis point of the main shaft and the axis point of the sleeve is equal to the distance between the center point of one tool clamping mechanism closest to the sleeve and the axis point of the sleeve and is equal to the distance between the axis point of the sleeve and the center point of the tool holder, so that when the sleeve rotates, the tool holders on two sides can simultaneously take off the tools from the main shaft and the tool clamping mechanisms respectively, and can simultaneously fix the tools on the main shaft and the tool clamping mechanisms respectively after the tool holders are subjected to angle conversion, and further, the tool exchange between the main shaft and the tool clamping mechanisms is quickly realized.

2. The cutter clamping mechanisms are distributed on the outer side of the circular cutter disc, different cutters are clamped, the cutter disc can rotate, the cutter clamping mechanisms close to the cutter changing mechanism can be replaced conveniently, the positions of the different cutters are changed, the different cutters can be conveniently changed onto the main shaft, the cutter disc is convenient to rotate, compared with a traditional chain structure, the cutter changing speed is higher, the cutter changing time can be effectively shortened, and the machining efficiency is improved.

3. The tool holder can be clamped into the tool holder under the action of extruding the rolling shaft and the elastic sheet after contacting with the tool, the tool can be limited after the rolling shaft and the elastic sheet are reset, the tool is automatically clamped, the problem that the tool is thrown off when the position of the tool is changed along with the tool changing mechanism is effectively solved, and meanwhile, when the rolling shaft is extruded and rotated, the pressing block is driven to move towards the middle of the tool holder by utilizing the transmission of the first gear, the second gear and the rack, the tool can be pressed tightly, and the problem that the tool slides relative to the tool holder in the drawing process is solved;

4. when the cutter clamping mechanism is inserted into a cutter, the two clamping rods can rotate oppositely, the distance is reduced, the cutter is locked, the cutter can be fixed more stably in the cutter clamping mechanism, the problem that the cutter slips and is thrown out when the cutter head rotates is effectively solved, when the cutter is drawn out, the two clamping rods can rotate back to back, the distance is enlarged, the cutter is loosened, the cutter can be drawn out more smoothly, and the cutter is more convenient to use.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic side sectional view of the machine tool body and the tool magazine according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure of a tool changing mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a toolholder according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of a portion A of FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a tool holding mechanism according to the present invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the internal cross-sectional structure of the tool holding mechanism of the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of a clamping bar according to the present invention.

In the figure: 1. a machine tool body; 2. a processing table; 3. a main shaft; 4. a tool magazine; 5. a tool changing mechanism; 51. a sleeve; 52. an electric push rod; 53. a connecting rod; 54. a tool holder; 541. deep grooves; 542. a roller; 543. a support; 544. a spring plate; 545. a first gear; 546. a second gear; 547. a rack; 548. briquetting; 55. a drive motor; 6. a cutter head; 7. a tool holding mechanism; 71. a fixed mount; 711. a slide rail; 712. a first spring; 72. clamping a rod; 721. an outer cylinder; 722. a core bar; 723. an anti-slip sleeve; 724. a second spring; 73. rolling the rod; 731. a bearing; 732. a limiting slide block; 733. a bolt; 74. a hauling rope; 75. mounting a plate; 76. an adjustment structure; 761. a screw; 762. a nut; 763. and (4) winding the rod.

Detailed Description

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings, which are based on the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings, and are used for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplicity in description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element so referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed in a particular orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art through specific situations.

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to fig. 1-2, the intelligent processing center includes a machine tool body 1, a movable processing table 2 installed at the bottom of the machine tool body 1, a movable spindle 3 installed at the side wall of the machine tool body 1 and a tool magazine 4 installed at the rear side of the machine tool body 1 for storing and replacing tools, wherein, the processing table 2 and the spindle 3 both belong to the prior art, how the processing table 2 and the spindle 3 move and how the spindle 3 clamps the tools, which is not further described, a rotatable tool changer 5 and a tool disc 6 are installed on the same axis inside the tool magazine 4, and a plurality of tool clamping mechanisms 7 are fixed at the outer edge of the tool disc 6 for clamping tools with different functions, for convenience of replacing different tools, the distance from the tool clamping mechanism 7 closest to the tool changer 5 is equal to the distance from the tool changer 5 to the spindle 3, the tool disc 6 and the inner wall of the tool magazine 4 can be connected through a motor and a reducer, and the motor drives the tool disc 6 to rotate, so that the tool clamping mechanism 7 closest to the tool changer 5 can be replaced more quickly.

Referring to fig. 3, the tool changing mechanism 5 includes a sleeve 51, an electric push rod 52 for driving the sleeve 51 to extend and retract, a tool holder 54 for mounting and dismounting a tool, and a driving motor 55 for driving the sleeve 51 to rotate for changing the tool, a connecting rod 53 is connected between the sleeve 51 and the tool holder 54, and the tool holder 54 is symmetrical about the axis center of the sleeve 51, the driving motor 55 is fixed to the inner wall of the tool magazine 4, the driving motor 55 can drive the sleeve 51 to rotate, and then drives the two tool holders 54 to rotate through the connecting rod 53, when one of the tool holders 54 is clamped at the outer side of the tool on the spindle 3, the other tool holder 54 is just clamped at the outer side of the tool on the tool holding mechanism 7, at this time, under the extending action of the electric push rod 52, the tool holders 54 at both sides can simultaneously pull out the tool on the spindle 3 and the tool holding mechanism 7, then rotate under the action of the driving motor 55, the positions of the two tools are changed, and the electric push rod 52 retracts, so that the tool can be remounted in the spindle 3 and the tool holding mechanism 7, thereby realizing quick change of the tool.

Please refer to fig. 4, considering that the tool holder 54 is not stable when grabbing the tool, so that the tool is easily released from the entrance of the tool holder 54, the inner wall of the tool holder 54 is symmetrically provided with a deep groove 541, and the inside of the deep groove 541 is rotatably provided with a roller 542, and the distance between the two rollers 542 is smaller than the outer diameter of the tail end of the tool, so that the tool can be clamped into the tool holder 54, in order to facilitate the clamping of the tool holder 54, one side of the roller 542 close to the deep groove 541 is connected with a bracket 543, the bracket 543 can slide inside the deep groove 541, and the bracket 543 and the tool holder 54 are connected through an elastic sheet 544, so that the roller 542 can be pressed when contacting the roller 542, and further the compression elastic sheet 544 is shortened, the distance of the roller 542 is gradually increased, so that the tool can be clamped into the tool, and after the tool is clamped, the roller 542 can be reset under the action of the elastic sheet 544, so as to further prevent the tool from being released from the tool, and at the same time the roller 542 can rotate relative to the bracket 543, so as to replace the sliding action of the sliding, so as to achieve the automatic locking effect of the tool holder 54 when rotating to the tool.

Referring to fig. 5, in order to further improve the stability of the tool holder 54 for grasping the tool, a first gear 545 is rotatably connected to both front and rear ends of the support 543, the first gear 545 is coaxially fixed with the rolling shaft 542, the first gear 545 can rotate relative to the support 543, a second gear 546 is engaged with the outer side of the first gear 545, a rack 547 is engaged with one side of the second gear 546 away from the first gear 545, a pressing block 548 is mounted at one end of the rack 547 close to the inside of the tool holder 54, the rack 547 and the pressing block 548 can extend and retract inside the tool holder 54, when the tool is clamped into the tool holder 54, the rolling shaft 542 is pushed to rotate towards the inside of the tool holder 54, the first gear 545 is driven to rotate, the first gear 545 is engaged with the second gear 546, the second gear 546 is driven to rotate in the opposite direction relative to the first gear 545, the second gear 546 can drive the rack 547 to move towards the inside of the tool holder 54, so as to drive the pressing block 548 to press the tool tightly against the tool, thereby improving the stability of clamping, and effectively preventing the problem that the tool from slipping relative to the tool holder 54 when the tool is pulled, otherwise, the tool can be released.

Referring to fig. 6-7, considering that the cutter clamping mechanism 7 is distributed on the outer edge of the cutter head 6, when the cutter head 6 rotates, the cutter may be thrown out under the action of centrifugal force, and therefore, it is necessary to improve the clamping stability of the cutter clamping mechanism 7 to the cutter, the cutter clamping mechanism 7 includes a fixing frame 71 and clamping rods 72 symmetrically distributed inside the fixing frame 71, two ends of the clamping rods 72 are symmetrically connected with winding rods 73, the winding rods 73 are connected through a traction rope 74, and the traction rope 74 can be wound on the outer surface of the winding rods 73, so that when the cutter clamping mechanism 7 inserts the cutter, the two clamping rods 72 can rotate in opposite directions to drive the traction rope 74 to wind on the winding rods 73, so that the distance between the two clamping rods 72 is shortened, thereby locking the cutter is further achieved, the cutter can be fixed more stably inside the cutter clamping mechanism 7, and when the cutter is drawn out, the two clamping rods 72 can rotate in opposite directions, the traction rope 74 is scattered from the winding rods 73, and the distance between the two clamping rods 72 is enlarged, thereby loosening the cutter, facilitating the drawing out of the cutter, and the cutter is more smoothly and more conveniently used.

Referring to fig. 8, in order to further improve the stability of the clamping rod 72 for clamping the cutter, the clamping rod 72 includes an outer cylinder 721, a core rod 722 penetrating the inside of the outer cylinder 721 and fixed to the winding rod 73, an anti-slip sleeve 723 sleeved on the outer surface of the outer cylinder 721, and a plurality of second springs 724 connected between the outer cylinder 721 and the core rod 722, wherein the anti-slip sleeve 723 can effectively prevent the cutter from slipping with the clamping rod 72, so that the cutter can be driven to rotate by friction force when inserted, when the clamping rod 72 clamps the cutter, the outer cylinder 721 near the cutter compresses the second springs 724, and further, by the elastic reaction force of the second springs 724, the outer cylinder 721 clamps the cutter.

Referring to fig. 7-8, in order to further improve the using effect of the clamping rod 72, the inner wall of the fixing frame 71 is symmetrically provided with a sliding rail 711, two ends of the sliding rail 711 are respectively provided with a first spring 712, the winding rod 73 is connected with the core rod 722 through a bolt 733, so as to facilitate disassembly and assembly, one end of the winding rod 73, which is far away from the core rod 722, is provided with a bearing 731, a limiting slider 732 is arranged outside the bearing 731, the winding rod 73 can rotate inside the bearing 731, and the limiting slider 732 is kept stationary, the limiting slider 732 can slide inside the sliding rail 711, so as to limit the position of the clamping rod 72, and the limiting slider 732 is fixed with the first spring 712, so as to facilitate the clamping rod 72 to be pulled by the elastic action of the first spring 712, so that the pulling rope 74 can be tightened, and the clamping rod 72 can be better retracted.

Referring to fig. 6-7, in consideration of practical use, the number of tools required by different machining centers is different, so that different numbers of tool holding mechanisms 7 can be fixed on the cutter head 6, the fixing frame 71 is connected with the cutter head 6 through the mounting plate 75, and the mounting plate 75 is fixed with the cutter head 6 through screws, thereby facilitating disassembly and assembly.

Referring to fig. 7, in consideration of the fact that the pulling rope 74 is easily loosened after being used for a long time in an actual use process, adjusting structures 76 are symmetrically installed on two outer sides of the fixing frame 71 and are used for adjusting the tension degree of the pulling rope 74, each adjusting structure 76 includes a screw 761 penetrating through the fixing frame 71, a nut 762 is sleeved on an outer side thread of one end of the screw 761, which extends out of the fixing frame 71, a winding rod 763 is installed at one end of the screw 761, which extends into the fixing frame 71, the winding rod 763 is fixed to the middle of the pulling rope 74, the winding rod 763 can be driven to wind the pulling rope 74 by rotating the screw 761, so that the loosened pulling rope 74 can be re-tensioned, and meanwhile, the adjusting structures 76 can be used to adjust the initial distance between the two clamping rods 72 so as to be suitable for cutters of different sizes.

The working principle is as follows: place the work piece on machining table 2, install the cutter on main shaft 3, machine tool body 1 work, the cutter on the main shaft 3 is processed the work piece, when needing the tool changing, move to the nearest position near tool magazine 4 through the inside removal structure of machine tool body 1, start tool changing mechanism 5, tool changing mechanism 5 anticlockwise rotates 90, make two tool holders 54 block the cutter on main shaft 3 and the cutter fixture 7 respectively, the cutter is automatic to be blocked inside tool holder 54, and the chucking is locked, then start electric putter 52, electric putter 52 drives tool holder 54 and takes out the cutter, tool changing mechanism 5 rotates 180 anticlockwise again, make two cutter positions exchange, then electric putter 52 retracts, it inserts in main shaft 3 and the cutter fixture 7 respectively to drive the cutter, tool changing mechanism 5 revolves 90 clockwise again, accomplish the tool changing.

It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof. The present embodiments are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

Furthermore, it should be understood that although the present description refers to embodiments, not every embodiment may contain only a single embodiment, and such description is for clarity only, and those skilled in the art should integrate the description, and the embodiments may be combined as appropriate to form other embodiments understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. Intelligent machining center, including lathe body (1), processing platform (2), main shaft (3) and tool magazine (4), its characterized in that: a tool changing mechanism (5) and a cutter head (6) which can rotate are arranged on the same axis in the tool magazine (4), a plurality of tool clamping mechanisms (7) are fixed on the outer edge of the cutter head (6), and the distance from one tool clamping mechanism (7) closest to the tool changing mechanism (5) is equal to the distance from the main shaft (3) to the tool changing mechanism (5);

the tool changing mechanism (5) comprises a sleeve (51), an electric push rod (52) used for driving the sleeve (51) to stretch, a tool holder (54) used for dismounting a tool and a driving motor (55) used for driving the sleeve (51) to rotate for tool changing, a connecting rod (53) between the sleeve (51) and the tool holder (54) is connected, and the tool holder (54) is symmetrical about the axis line center of the sleeve (51).

2. The intelligent machining center of claim 1, wherein: deep groove (541) have been seted up to the inner wall symmetry of cutter holder (54), and the inside rotation of deep groove (541) installs roller bearing (542), and the distance between two roller bearing (542) is less than the external diameter of cutter tail end, one side that roller bearing (542) are close to deep groove (541) depths is connected with support (543), and this support (543) can be at deep groove (541) inside slip, and is connected through shell fragment (544) between support (543) and cutter holder (54).

3. The intelligent machining center of claim 2, wherein: the front end and the rear end of the support (543) are connected with a first gear (545) in a rotating mode, the outer side of the first gear (545) is connected with a second gear (546) in a meshing mode, one side, far away from the first gear (545), of the second gear (546) is connected with a rack (547) in a meshing mode, and one end, close to the interior of the tool holder (54), of the rack (547) is provided with a pressing block (548).

4. The intelligent machining center of claim 1, wherein: the cutter clamping mechanism (7) comprises a fixing frame (71) and clamping rods (72) which are symmetrically distributed in the fixing frame (71), two ends of each clamping rod (72) are symmetrically connected with winding rods (73), the winding rods (73) are connected through traction ropes (74), and the traction ropes (74) can be wound on the outer surfaces of the winding rods (73).

5. The intelligent machining center of claim 4, wherein: the clamping rod (72) comprises an outer cylinder (721), a core rod (722) penetrating through the inside of the outer cylinder (721) and fixed with the winding rod (73), an anti-slip sleeve (723) sleeved on the outer surface of the outer cylinder (721) and a plurality of second springs (724) connected between the outer cylinder (721) and the core rod (722).

6. The intelligent machining center of claim 5, wherein: the inner wall of the fixing frame (71) is symmetrically provided with a sliding rail (711), two ends of the sliding rail (711) are provided with a first spring (712), the rolling rod (73) is connected with the core rod (722) through a bolt (733), one end, far away from the core rod (722), of the rolling rod (73) is provided with a bearing (731), the outer side of the bearing (731) is provided with a limiting sliding block (732), and the limiting sliding block (732) can slide inside the sliding rail (711).

7. The intelligent machining center of claim 4, wherein: the fixed frame (71) is connected with the cutter head (6) through a mounting plate (75), and adjusting structures (76) are symmetrically mounted on two outer sides of the fixed frame (71).

8. The intelligent machining center of claim 7, wherein: the adjusting structure (76) comprises a screw rod (761) penetrating through the fixing frame (71), a nut (762) is sleeved on the outer side of one end, extending out of the fixing frame (71), of the screw rod (761), a winding rod (763) is installed at one end, extending into the fixing frame (71), of the screw rod (761), and the winding rod (763) is fixed with the middle of the traction rope (74).