CN115544692A - Hydraulic motor free layer damping optimization vibration attenuation and noise reduction method based on wallboard contribution degree - Google Patents
Hydraulic motor free layer damping optimization vibration attenuation and noise reduction method based on wallboard contribution degree Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a hydraulic motor free layer damping optimization vibration attenuation and noise reduction method based on a wallboard contribution degree, which comprises the following steps: s1, acquiring high-frequency excitation source data of a port plate, a bearing seat, a plunger and a main shaft and excitation source data of pressure impact and flow pulsation in a coupling motor by establishing an acoustic, flow and solid coupling model; s2, inputting high-frequency collision excitation source data and fluid impact excitation source data to obtain vibration information, transmitting the vibration information to a motor outer shell and triggering shell surface vibration response characteristic data; s3, taking the vibration response characteristic data of the surface of the shell as input, and obtaining the contribution degree analysis of the wall plate to noise; s4, obtaining the contribution of wall plates at different positions of the motor to noise based on contribution analysis, and determining the laying position of the free damping layer; the invention can quickly realize the contribution analysis of different wall plates of the hydraulic motor to noise radiation, obtain the optimal laying position of the damping layer and realize vibration and noise reduction under the optimization of the free damping layer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of hydraulic motors, in particular to a hydraulic motor free layer damping optimization vibration attenuation and noise reduction method based on a wallboard contribution degree.
Background
The hydraulic motor has the characteristics of high power-weight ratio, large torque, high-pressure-resistant driving and the like, is widely applied to engineering machinery operating under various severe working conditions, is used as a key execution element of a hydraulic system, is also one of main vibration and noise contribution sources of the hydraulic system, and directly influences the stability and reliability of load operation in a working state. Therefore, for the hydraulic plunger motor, it is a focus in the hydraulic research field to improve the performance and reduce the noise.
The vibration noise of the hydraulic motor is an important parameter which affects the performance and the service life of the hydraulic motor and the working state of workers, and the vibration noise of the hydraulic motor is subjected to noise reduction as much as possible in the working stage of the hydraulic motor. However, the current vibration and noise reduction research for hydraulic motors at home and abroad is limited to:
(1) The structure of the internal flow channel and the damping groove of the hydraulic motor is optimized, and the processed hydraulic motor cannot be optimized;
(2) The topological optimization of materials is carried out on the hydraulic motor shell, the structure of the motor shell is changed, and the processed hydraulic motor cannot be optimized;
(3) The hydraulic motor shell is fully laid with a damping layer, vibration and noise can be reduced, but damping materials are wasted, the mass of the motor is excessively increased, and the requirement of green development is not met while the performance of the motor is weakened.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a hydraulic motor free layer damping optimization vibration attenuation and noise reduction method based on a wallboard contribution degree, which can accurately realize a sound, flow and solid coupling model of a hydraulic motor, accurately obtain a fluid excitation source and a mechanical vibration excitation source, quickly realize wallboard contribution degree analysis of the hydraulic motor, realize vibration attenuation and noise reduction under optimization of a free damping layer, protect the hearing health of workers under a hydraulic motor working environment and prolong the service life of the hydraulic motor.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme.
A hydraulic motor free layer damping optimization vibration attenuation and noise reduction method based on wall plate contribution degree is used for a hydraulic axial plunger motor and comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring high-frequency excitation source data of a valve plate, a bearing seat, a plunger and a main shaft of a motor and excitation source data of pressure impact and flow pulsation in a coupling motor by establishing an acoustic, flow and solid coupling model of a hydraulic axial plunger motor;
s2, the coupling model takes high-frequency collision excitation source data and fluid impact excitation source data as input, analyzes a transmission path, obtains vibration information, transmits the vibration information to a motor outer shell and initiates vibration response characteristic data of the surface of the hydraulic motor outer shell;
s3, the coupling model takes the vibration response characteristic data of the surface of the hydraulic axial plunger motor shell as input, and obtains the contribution degree analysis of the hydraulic motor wall plate to noise through a transient direct boundary element method;
and S4, obtaining the contribution of the wall plates at different positions of the motor to noise based on the contribution analysis, and determining the laying position of a free damping layer for vibration and noise reduction to achieve the aim of vibration and noise reduction.
The step S1 includes the steps of:
s11, establishing a transient flow field model by means of transient flow field analysis software according to the motion characteristics of the hydraulic motor, and fitting a dynamic function of a moving part in the hydraulic motor in transient flow field analysis;
s12, acquiring fluid impact excitation source data of the hydraulic motor caused by the rotation motion of the plunger and inertia force data of moving parts in the hydraulic motor by depending on a dynamic function;
and S13, importing the inertia force data of the moving part into a rigid body dynamic model of the hydraulic motor to obtain collision excitation source data.
The step S11 is specifically realized as follows:
step S111, dividing transient flow field grids based on a Pumplix flow field simulation analysis platform and a Cartesian numerical value grid division technology of a binary tree method;
and S112, adding the transient fluid domain into a kinetic equation of the moving part through transient flow field simulation, so as to fit a kinetic function of the moving part in the hydraulic motor in transient flow field analysis, realize fluid-solid coupling and obtain a fluid-solid coupling model.
The specific method in the step S12 is as follows: and acquiring excitation source data of the hydraulic motor, which is obtained due to flow distribution impact, by means of a fluid-solid coupling model obtained in S112 by means of a dynamic function of the moving part in transient flow field analysis, and deriving inertial force data of the moving part in the step S11.
The step S1 further includes the following steps;
step S14: creating a contact model;
step S15: coupling of a fluid-solid excitation source is achieved, and mechanical characteristic data of the vibration excitation source are obtained;
in the step S13, when the rigid body dynamic model of the hydraulic motor is established, material attributes are set, and a constraint relation is added;
the fluid information in the transient flow field simulation of step S12 is contained in the following equation:
continuity equation:
the momentum equation:
where σ and Ω (t) represent the surface area and volume of the control volume,
represents the vertical vector of the surface of the control body, p represents the density of the fluid, p represents the pressure of the fluid,
and
representing the velocity vector and the surface motion velocity, for newtonian fluids, the shear stress tensor is expressed as:
in the formula u i Representing vector velocity
Component of (a), δ ij Representing a kronecker function;
step S15, the formula expression of the mechanical characteristics of the excitation source comprises the following steps:
in the formula v p And a p The speed and the acceleration of the plunger are shown, R is the radius of a ball socket distribution circle of the main shaft, psi is the rotation angle of the main shaft disc, gamma is the swing angle of the motor cylinder body,
showing the initial tilt angle of the conical plunger,
indicating the inclination of the plunger and L the plunger length.
The step S2 is specifically realized as follows:
s21, performing modal analysis on the hydraulic motor based on an ANSYS Workbench finite element simulation platform;
s22, analyzing the transmission path of each excitation source based on a finite element simulation platform;
and S23, based on an ANSYS Harmonic Response analysis module in an ANSYS Workbench finite element simulation platform, introducing fluid impact excitation source Response data into a flow distribution plate, an oil inlet and an oil outlet of the hydraulic motor, introducing high-frequency collision excitation source data into a bearing seat and a plunger cavity, realizing the coupling of a flow excitation source and a solid excitation source, and obtaining vibration Response characteristic data of the surface of the shell of the hydraulic motor under the coupling action of the flow excitation source and the solid excitation source.
The step S21 is specifically realized as follows:
s211, simplifying a three-dimensional model of the motor in SolidWorks, neglecting unnecessary chamfers and bolt holes, importing the model through interfaces of SolidWorks and ANSYS Workbench, and defining the density, poisson ratio and elastic modulus of materials with different structures;
step S212, dividing a structural grid, and adding boundary constraint conditions;
step S213, connecting a Modal module in ANSYS Workbench with a Geometry module, performing Modal shape analysis to obtain Modal data of the motor shell, wherein the Modal analysis comprises a four-order Modal shape and determines that the motor cannot resonate under a working condition by using the natural frequency of the four-order motor;
the modal shape analysis of step S213 is performed according to the following kinetic equation method: according to a finite element analysis method of elasticity mechanics, an expression formula of a motion differential equation on a linear system with N degrees of freedom is obtained:
wherein [ M ]]、[C]、[K]Respectively a mass matrix, a damping matrix and a rigidity matrix of the system;
and { x } represents the vibrational acceleration, velocity, and displacement components of the system; { F (t) } represents a vector of system excitation force;
step S214, in the sweep frequency excitation analysis, the vibration analysis under the sinusoidal cycle in which the external load vector is assumed to be simple harmonic, so as to solve the steady-state vibration information of the surface, specifically:
in F (t) = F 0 sin (ω t), X is solved.
The step S22 is specifically implemented as follows:
step S221, in the finite element simulation platform, acting force is generated at the bottom of a plunger of the hydraulic motor, the plunger drives a main shaft to rotate, so that the main shaft vibrates, and the vibration is transmitted to a bearing outer ring, a hydraulic motor shell and a rear end cover;
step S222, acting force is generated at the bottom of the plunger, transmitted to the cylinder body by the plunger and transmitted to the valve plate area by the cylinder body, and finally acts on the rear end cover;
step S223, vibration which cannot be counteracted mutually is generated by non-eccentric rotation of the inner rotating body of the hydraulic motor and is transmitted to the shell and the rear end cover of the motor by the main shaft;
step S224, vibration caused by flow pulsation of the oil inlet of the motor acts on the rear end cover and is transmitted to the motor shell.
The step S3 is specifically implemented as follows:
step S31, based on an LMS virtual Lab finite element/boundary element analysis platform, importing hydraulic motor vibration response data and a hydraulic motor shell triangular surface mesh into an acoustics Harmonic BEM direct boundary element analysis module, wherein in the surface mesh division of an Acoustic direct boundary element, the maximum mesh unit is not more than 1/6 of the shortest wavelength in the solver solving frequency;
step S32, dividing the wall plates of the hydraulic motor shell by using a Mesh Group-Setting module, and endowing acoustic boundary elements with the divided wall plates with a grid based on a characteristic angle 50 deg;
step S33, transmitting the vibration response characteristic of the hydraulic motor to a surface structure grid of the hydraulic motor shell by using a Data Transfer Case module, and solving and obtaining the Data of the analysis of the wallboard contribution degree of the hydraulic motor by using the transmitted vibration response characteristic Data of the hydraulic motor shell;
in step S31, the maximum mesh size is smaller than 5mm.
And S4, laying a free damping layer on the wall plate which has larger positive contribution in the analysis of the contribution degree of the wall plate.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The method is suitable for the working characteristics of the hydraulic motor, realizes the coupling of the hydraulic motor flow and the solid physical field, and successfully obtains the fluid impact excitation source received by the inner wall surface of the motor in the transient flow field when the moving parts such as the main shaft and the like rotate at high speed;
(2) The method successfully obtains a mechanical excitation source caused by the non-eccentric rotation of the main shaft and the vibration of the bearing seat and the port plate when the main shaft and other moving parts rotate;
(3) The method successfully realizes the analysis and simulation of the contribution degree of the motor wall plate caused by the coupling fluid impact fluid excitation source and the mechanical vibration excitation source of the rotating structure;
(4) The method successfully realizes the laying position of the free layer damping and realizes vibration and noise reduction under the guidance of the contribution degree simulation analysis of the motor wall plate.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the following figures and detailed description:
FIG. 1 is a flow diagram of a vibration and noise reduction method for hydraulic motor free layer damping optimization based on a wallboard contribution degree;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a simulation flow for obtaining data of a motor rotation excitation source and a fluid impact excitation source;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a simulation analysis result of a fluid-solid coupling field of a motor;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a 1-order mode shape of the motor;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a 2-order mode shape of the motor;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of 3-order mode shape of the motor;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a 4-order mode shape of the motor;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a motor surface acoustic boundary element grid;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of vibration velocity clouds in acoustic, fluid, and solid coupling on a motor acoustic boundary element grid;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a motor wall contribution analysis color bar;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the results of a motor wall contribution analysis;
FIG. 12 is a comparison diagram of acoustic radiation simulation before and after optimization of free layer damping of a hydraulic motor based on contribution of a wall plate.
Detailed Description
As shown in the figure, the method for optimizing vibration and noise reduction of the free layer damping of the hydraulic motor based on the contribution degree of the wall plate is used for the hydraulic axial plunger motor and comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring high-frequency excitation source data of a valve plate, a bearing seat, a plunger and a main shaft of a motor and excitation source data of pressure impact and flow pulsation in a coupling motor by establishing an acoustic, flow and solid coupling model of a hydraulic axial plunger motor;
s2, the coupling model takes high-frequency collision excitation source data and fluid impact excitation source data as input, analyzes a transmission path, obtains vibration information, transmits the vibration information to a motor outer shell and initiates vibration response characteristic data of the surface of the hydraulic motor outer shell;
s3, taking the vibration response characteristic data of the surface of the hydraulic axial plunger motor shell as input by the coupling model, and obtaining the contribution degree analysis of the hydraulic motor wall plate to noise through a transient direct boundary element method;
and S4, obtaining the contribution of the wall plates at different positions of the motor to noise based on the contribution analysis, and determining the laying position of a free damping layer for vibration and noise reduction to achieve the aim of vibration and noise reduction.
The step S1 includes the steps of:
s11, establishing a transient flow field model by means of transient flow field analysis software according to the motion characteristics of the hydraulic motor, and fitting a dynamic function of a moving part in the hydraulic motor in transient flow field analysis;
s12, acquiring fluid impact excitation source data of the hydraulic motor caused by the rotation motion of the plunger and inertia force data of moving parts in the hydraulic motor by means of a dynamic function;
and S13, importing the inertia force data of the moving part into a rigid body dynamic model of the hydraulic motor to obtain collision excitation source data.
The step S11 is specifically realized as follows:
step S111, a Cartesian numerical value meshing technology based on a Pumplinx flow field simulation analysis platform and a binary tree method is used for dividing transient flow field meshes;
and S112, adding the transient fluid domain into a kinetic equation of the moving part through transient flow field simulation, so as to fit a kinetic function of the moving part in the hydraulic motor in transient flow field analysis, realize fluid-solid coupling and obtain a fluid-solid coupling model.
The specific method in the step S12 is as follows: and (4) acquiring excitation source data of the hydraulic motor, which is obtained due to flow distribution impact, by means of a dynamic function of the moving part in transient flow field analysis and the fluid-solid coupling model obtained in the step S112, and deriving inertial force data of the moving part in the step S11.
The step S1 further includes the following steps;
step S14: creating a contact model;
step S15: coupling of the fluid-solid excitation source is realized, and mechanical characteristic data of the vibration excitation source is obtained;
in the step S13, when the rigid body dynamic model of the hydraulic motor is created, material attributes are set, and a constraint relation is added;
the fluid information in the transient flow field simulation of step S12 is contained in the following equation:
continuity equation:
the momentum equation:
where σ and Ω (t) represent the surface area and volume of the control volume,
represents the vertical vector of the control body surface, p represents the density of the fluid, p represents the pressure of the fluid,
and
representing the velocity vector and the surface motion velocity, for newtonian fluids, the shear stress tensor is expressed as:
in the formula u i Representing vector velocity
Component of (a), δ ij Representing a kronecker function;
step S15, the formula expression of the mechanical characteristics of the excitation source includes:
in the formula v p And a p The speed and the acceleration of the plunger are shown, R is the radius of a ball socket distribution circle of the main shaft, psi is the rotation angle of the main shaft disc, gamma is the swing angle of the motor cylinder body,
showing the initial tilt angle of the tapered plunger,
indicating the inclination of the plunger and L the plunger length.
The step S2 is specifically implemented as follows:
s21, performing modal analysis on the hydraulic motor based on an ANSYS Workbench finite element simulation platform;
s22, analyzing the transmission path of each excitation source based on a finite element simulation platform;
and S23, based on an ANSYS Harmonic Response analysis module in an ANSYS Workbench finite element simulation platform, introducing fluid impact excitation source Response data into a flow distribution plate, an oil inlet and an oil outlet of the hydraulic motor, introducing high-frequency collision excitation source data into a bearing seat and a plunger cavity, realizing the coupling of a flow excitation source and a solid excitation source, and obtaining vibration Response characteristic data of the surface of the shell of the hydraulic motor under the coupling action of the flow excitation source and the solid excitation source.
The step S21 is specifically realized as follows:
s211, simplifying a three-dimensional model of the motor in SolidWorks, neglecting unnecessary chamfers and bolt holes, importing the model through interfaces of SolidWorks and ANSYS Workbench, and defining the density, poisson ratio and elastic modulus of materials with different structures;
step S212, dividing a structural grid, and adding boundary constraint conditions;
step S213, connecting a Modal module in ANSYS Workbench with a Geometry module, performing Modal shape analysis to obtain Modal data of the motor shell, wherein the Modal analysis comprises a four-order Modal shape and determines that the motor cannot resonate under a working condition by using the natural frequency of the four-order motor;
the above-mentionedThe modal shape analysis of step S213 is performed according to the following kinetic equation method: according to a finite element analysis method of elasticity mechanics, an expression formula of a motion differential equation on a linear system with N degrees of freedom is obtained:
wherein [ M ]]、[C]、[K]Respectively a mass matrix, a damping matrix and a rigidity matrix of the system;
and { x } represents a vibration acceleration component, a velocity component, and a displacement component of the system; { F (t) } represents a vector of system excitation force;
step S214, in the sweep excitation analysis, the external load vector is assumed to be vibration analysis under simple harmonic sine cycle, so as to solve the steady state vibration information of the surface, specifically:
in F (t) = F 0 sin (ω t), finding X.
The step S22 is specifically realized as follows:
step S221, in the finite element simulation platform, acting force is generated at the bottom of a plunger of the hydraulic motor, the plunger drives a main shaft to rotate, so that the main shaft vibrates, and the vibration is transmitted to a bearing outer ring, a hydraulic motor shell and a rear end cover;
step S222, acting force is generated at the bottom of the plunger, transmitted to the cylinder body by the plunger and transmitted to a port plate area by the cylinder body, and finally acted on a rear end cover;
step S223, vibration which cannot be counteracted mutually is generated by non-eccentric rotation of the inner rotating body of the hydraulic motor and is transmitted to the shell and the rear end cover of the motor by the main shaft;
step S224, vibration caused by flow pulsation of the oil inlet of the motor acts on the rear end cover and is transmitted to the motor shell.
The step S3 is specifically realized as follows:
step S31, based on an LMS virtual Lab finite element/boundary element analysis platform, introducing hydraulic motor vibration response data and a hydraulic motor shell triangular surface mesh into an Acoustic Harmonic BEM direct boundary element analysis module, wherein in the surface mesh division of an Acoustic direct boundary element, the maximum mesh unit is not larger than 1/6 of the shortest wavelength in the solving frequency of a solver;
step S32, dividing the wall plates of the hydraulic motor shell by using a Mesh Group-Setting module, and endowing acoustic boundary elements with the divided wall plates with a grid based on a characteristic angle 50 deg;
step S33, transmitting the vibration response characteristic of the hydraulic motor to a surface structure grid of the hydraulic motor shell by using a Data Transfer Case module, and solving and obtaining the Data of the analysis of the wallboard contribution degree of the hydraulic motor by using the transmitted vibration response characteristic Data of the hydraulic motor shell;
in step S31, the maximum mesh size is smaller than 5mm.
And step S4, laying a free damping layer on the wall plate with larger positive contribution in the wall plate contribution degree analysis.
The embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, the vibration and noise reduction method for optimizing the free layer damping of the hydraulic motor based on the contribution degree of the wall plate in the embodiment includes the following steps:
step S1: firstly, a transient flow field simulation model is established, and a fluid impact excitation source which is prevented from being received in the hydraulic motor is obtained. Establishing a rigid body dynamics simulation model, acquiring a vibration excitation source from inertia force data of rotating parts such as a main shaft, a plunger piston and the like obtained in a transient flow field, wherein the simulation step is shown as a figure 2, and the concrete process is as follows:
establishing a three-dimensional geometric model of the hydraulic motor by using SOLIDWORKS, introducing the model into a simulation platform through an interface of SOLIDWORKS and ANSYS Workbench, preprocessing the three-dimensional model by a Fill module based on a Design models module, and deriving a flow field model;
partitioning the flow field based on a Pumplinx flow field simulation platform, and refining a compression area and a stretching area;
carrying out grid refinement on a local area based on a numerical Cartesian grid of a binary tree method, creating an interactive surface and ensuring flow field communication;
setting kinematic data such as mass, rigidity, damping, dynamic and static friction coefficients and the like of a moving component, and fitting a flow field motion characteristic function based on a flow continuity equation, a momentum equation and a dynamic equation;
associating the motion characteristic function with the motor to complete the motion characteristic function loading of the motion part;
the flow pulsation sets fluid medium attributes according to actual working conditions, creates boundary conditions, a solver selects an algorithm with good convergence suitable for transient analysis, sets simulation step number and time, and carries out simulation solving;
acquiring the mechanical property data of a fluid excitation source of coupling pressure impact and fluid impact on the inner wall surface of the hydraulic motor under the effect of fluid-solid coupling realized by means of a Pumplinx simulation platform, as shown in fig. 3;
exporting inertia force data of moving parts such as a hydraulic motor main shaft, a plunger and the like obtained by transient flow field simulation;
then, importing the three-dimensional geometric model of the hydraulic motor into an Adams simulation platform, setting a unit, and creating material characteristics of parts according to actual conditions;
modifying the position and the size of the grid, creating the connection relation of each part, and creating a drive for the moving part;
establishing a contact relation among components which can be contacted, calculating a collision contact force, and setting parameters such as rigidity, damping, coulomb friction correlation coefficient and the like;
importing inertia force data of a moving part of the hydraulic motor, which is obtained by transient flow field simulation, through a spline function module of Adams;
setting a dynamics solver model, setting an allowable error value, and setting the simulation step length to be consistent with the transient flow field simulation step length;
by means of an Adams simulation platform, fluid-solid physical field coupling is achieved, and mechanical excitation source mechanical characteristic data of multi-excitation source coupling effect are obtained.
S2, establishing a hydraulic motor transient vibration response model, introducing vibration excitation source response data and introducing fluid impact excitation source response data into the inner wall surface of the hydraulic motor shell, realizing fluid-solid excitation source coupling, and acquiring motor shell vibration response data, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
simplifying the three-dimensional geometric model by using SOLIDWORKS, removing unnecessary local characteristics such as chamfers, bolt holes and the like, importing the simplified model into finite element simulation software, and setting material attributes and unit attributes according to actual conditions;
dividing grids, carrying out reasonable local grid refinement on an excitation source loading area, and ensuring that the grid quality meets the simulation requirement according to a grid quality evaluation mode;
adding constraint boundary conditions according to actual installation and use conditions, and carrying out modal analysis on the motor model, wherein the results of 1-4 order vibration modes of the motor are shown in FIGS. 4-7;
referring to the simulation step length and the step number in the step S1, setting parameters such as the step length and the step number of transient vibration response simulation;
loading fluid excitation source mechanical characteristic data on the inner wall surface of the hydraulic motor and loading mechanical excitation source mechanical characteristic data in a corresponding area to obtain shell sweep frequency excitation vibration response data;
the sound radiation simulation needs the grid data of the surface of the hydraulic motor shell, so that the surface of the shell is created according to the three-dimensional solid model of the hydraulic motor, redundant solids of the hydraulic motor except surface features are inhibited, and only the surface of the shell is reserved;
generating meshes on the surface of the hydraulic motor shell, wherein the mesh type is triangular meshes, as shown in fig. 8;
and processing the generated triangular grid data, and generating a nas format file by using a finished Elemrnt Model module.
And step S3: establishing a hydraulic motor transient boundary element model, transmitting hydraulic motor vibration response data to a sound field boundary element grid, and acquiring hydraulic motor simulated sound field data, wherein the method specifically comprises the following steps:
establishing a transient boundary element model, and importing sweep frequency excitation vibration response data of a hydraulic motor and triangular boundary element grid data on the surface of a shell;
defining a noise radiation domain as an air domain, and endowing the air domain with an acoustic boundary element grid attribute;
transferring the frequency sweep excitation vibration response data of the motor shell to an acoustic boundary element grid;
detecting the conflict between the structural grid and the nodes of the acoustic grid, repairing the acoustic grid according to the structural grid, and optimizing the conflict between the nodes;
dividing the hydraulic motor groups according to the 50deg characteristic angle, and giving characteristic attributes to the wall plate to obtain a vibration speed cloud chart under the working condition of sound, flow and solid coupling on the acoustic boundary element grid as shown in fig. 9;
creating a motor housing foreign international standard ISO 3746:2010 measuring a position response point by sound pressure;
setting parameters such as simulation smoothing coefficient, simulation step length, simulation duration and the like to obtain the contribution degree of the wallboard, as shown in FIG. 10;
the color bar chart result is displayed in a two-dimensional data display mode by the Acoustic control Solution module, and a wallboard Contribution degree analysis result of the hydraulic motor is obtained, as shown in fig. 11.
And step S4: the method comprises the following steps of determining the laying position of a free damping layer based on the contribution degree of the wallboard obtained by analyzing the contribution degree of the wallboard of the hydraulic motor, and achieving the purposes of vibration reduction and noise reduction:
based on the analysis result of the contribution degree of the hydraulic motor wall plate obtained in the step S3, laying a free damping layer with the thickness being three times that of the base layer on the wall plate with the larger positive contribution degree of the simplified motor model;
the mechanical characteristic data of the mechanical excitation source with the coupling effect of the multiple excitation sources obtained in the step S1 is imported no matter whether the hydraulic motors are laid with the damping layers or not under the same working condition;
loading fluid excitation source mechanical characteristic data on the inner wall surface of the hydraulic motor after the damping layer is laid and loading mechanical excitation source mechanical characteristic data in a corresponding area to obtain damping optimized shell sweep frequency excitation vibration response data;
establishing a transient boundary element model, and importing sweep frequency excitation vibration response data of the hydraulic motor and triangular boundary element grid data on the surface of the shell before and after damping optimization;
defining a noise radiation domain as an air domain, and endowing the air domain with acoustic boundary element grid properties;
transferring the motor shell frequency sweep excitation vibration response data before and after damping optimization to an acoustic boundary element grid;
detecting the conflict between the structural grid and the nodes of the acoustic grid, repairing the acoustic grid according to the structural grid, and optimizing the conflict between the nodes;
creating a sound pressure envelope surface of a motor shell external international standard ISO Power Field;
parameters such as simulation smoothing coefficient, simulation step length, simulation duration and the like are set to obtain damping optimization front and rear hydraulic motor sound pressure radiation comparison based on wallboard contribution degree analysis, as shown in fig. 12.
In the embodiment of the invention, firstly, the simulation of fluid-solid coupling is realized by establishing a transient flow field model and a rigid body dynamic model of the hydraulic motor, the method can comprehensively and accurately simulate an excitation source of the hydraulic motor under a real working condition, then, the excitation source of machinery and fluid can be coupled by establishing a sweep frequency excitation vibration response model, an analysis result of the contribution degree of a wallboard of the hydraulic motor can be quickly simulated and obtained by an acoustic direct boundary element method after the excitation, finally, a free damping layer is laid on the wallboard with a larger positive contribution degree of the hydraulic motor based on the analysis result of the contribution degree of the wallboard, and the effectiveness of vibration and noise reduction is simulated and verified by a direct boundary element method again.
The above examples are to be construed as merely illustrative and not limitative of the remainder of the disclosure. After reading the description of the invention, the skilled person can perform various actions or modifications on the invention, and these equivalent changes and modifications also fall within the scope of the invention defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A damping optimization vibration attenuation and noise reduction method for a free layer of a hydraulic motor based on contribution degree of a wallboard is used for a hydraulic axial plunger motor, and is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring high-frequency excitation source data of a valve plate, a bearing seat, a plunger and a main shaft of a motor and excitation source data of pressure impact and flow pulsation in a coupling motor by establishing an acoustic, flow and solid coupling model of a hydraulic axial plunger motor;
s2, the coupling model takes high-frequency collision excitation source data and fluid impact excitation source data as input, analyzes a transmission path, obtains vibration information, transmits the vibration information to a motor outer shell and initiates vibration response characteristic data of the surface of the hydraulic motor outer shell;
s3, the coupling model takes the vibration response characteristic data of the surface of the hydraulic axial plunger motor shell as input, and obtains the contribution degree analysis of the hydraulic motor wall plate to noise through a transient direct boundary element method;
and S4, obtaining the contribution of the wall plates at different positions of the motor to noise based on the contribution analysis, and determining the laying position of a free damping layer for vibration and noise reduction to achieve the aim of vibration and noise reduction.
2. The hydraulic motor free layer damping optimized vibration and noise reduction method based on the wallboard contribution degree according to claim 1, wherein: the step S1 includes the steps of:
s11, establishing a transient flow field model by means of transient flow field analysis software according to the motion characteristics of the hydraulic motor, and fitting a dynamic function of a moving part in the hydraulic motor in transient flow field analysis;
s12, acquiring fluid impact excitation source data of the hydraulic motor caused by the rotation motion of the plunger and inertia force data of moving parts in the hydraulic motor by means of a dynamic function;
and S13, importing the inertia force data of the moving part into a rigid body dynamic model of the hydraulic motor to obtain collision excitation source data.
3. The hydraulic motor free layer damping optimized vibration and noise reduction method based on the wallboard contribution degree according to claim 2, wherein: the step S11 is specifically implemented as follows:
step S111, a Cartesian numerical value meshing technology based on a Pumplinx flow field simulation analysis platform and a binary tree method is used for dividing transient flow field meshes;
and S112, adding the transient fluid domain into a dynamic equation of the moving part through transient flow field simulation, so as to fit a dynamic function of the moving part in the hydraulic motor in transient flow field analysis, realize fluid-solid coupling and obtain a fluid-solid coupling model.
4. The hydraulic motor free layer damping optimized vibration and noise reduction method based on the wallboard contribution of claim 3, wherein: the specific method in the step S12 is as follows: and (4) acquiring excitation source data of the hydraulic motor, which is obtained due to flow distribution impact, by means of a dynamic function of the moving part in transient flow field analysis and the fluid-solid coupling model obtained in the step S112, and deriving inertial force data of the moving part in the step S11.
5. The hydraulic motor free layer damping optimized vibration and noise reduction method based on the wallboard contribution of claim 3, wherein: the step S1 further includes the following steps;
step S14: creating a contact model;
step S15: coupling of a fluid-solid excitation source is achieved, and mechanical characteristic data of the vibration excitation source are obtained;
in the step S13, when the rigid body dynamic model of the hydraulic motor is created, material attributes are set, and a constraint relation is added;
the fluid information in the transient flow field simulation of step S12 is contained in the following equation:
continuity equation:
the momentum equation:
in which σ and Ω (t) represent the control bodyThe surface area and the volume of the film,
represents the vertical vector of the surface of the control body, p represents the density of the fluid, p represents the pressure of the fluid,
and
representing the velocity vector and the surface motion velocity, for newtonian fluids, the shear stress tensor is expressed as:
in the formula u i Representing vector velocity
Component of (a), delta ij Representing a kronecker function;
step S15, the formula expression of the mechanical characteristics of the excitation source includes:
in the formula v p And a p The speed and the acceleration of the plunger are shown, R is the radius of a distribution circle of a main shaft ball socket, psi is the corner of a main shaft disc, gamma is the swing angle of a motor cylinder body,
showing the initial tilt angle of the tapered plunger,
indicating the inclination of the plunger and L the plunger length.
6. The hydraulic motor free layer damping optimized vibration and noise reduction method based on the wallboard contribution of claim 1, wherein: the step S2 is specifically implemented as follows:
s21, performing modal analysis on the hydraulic motor based on an ANSYS Workbench finite element simulation platform;
s22, analyzing the transmission path of each excitation source based on a finite element simulation platform;
and S23, based on an ANSYS Harmonic Response analysis module in an ANSYS Workbench finite element simulation platform, introducing fluid impact excitation source Response data into a flow distribution disc, an oil inlet and an oil outlet of the hydraulic motor, and introducing high-frequency collision excitation source data into a bearing seat and a plunger cavity to realize the coupling of a flow excitation source and a solid excitation source and obtain vibration Response characteristic data of the surface of the shell of the hydraulic motor under the coupling action of the flow excitation source and the solid excitation source.
7. The hydraulic motor free layer damping optimized vibration and noise reduction method based on wall plate contribution degree according to claim 6, characterized in that: the step S21 is specifically realized as follows:
s211, simplifying a three-dimensional model of the motor in SolidWorks, neglecting unnecessary chamfers and bolt holes, importing the model through interfaces of SolidWorks and ANSYS Workbench, and defining the density, poisson ratio and elastic modulus of materials with different structures;
step S212, dividing a structural grid, and adding boundary constraint conditions;
step S213, connecting a Modal module in ANSYS Workbench with a Geometry module, performing Modal shape analysis to obtain Modal data of the motor shell, wherein the Modal analysis comprises a four-order Modal shape and determines that the motor cannot resonate under a working condition by using the natural frequency of the four-order motor;
the modal shape analysis of step S213 is performed according to the following kinetic equation method: according to a finite element analysis method of elasticity mechanics, an expression formula of a motion differential equation on a linear system with N degrees of freedom is obtained:
wherein [ M ]]、[C]、[K]Respectively a mass matrix, a damping matrix and a rigidity matrix of the system;
and { x } represents a vibration acceleration component, a velocity component, and a displacement component of the system; { F (t) } represents a vector of system excitation force;
step S214, in the sweep frequency excitation analysis, the vibration analysis under the sinusoidal cycle in which the external load vector is assumed to be simple harmonic, so as to solve the steady-state vibration information of the surface, specifically:
in F (t) = F 0 sin (ω t), X is solved.
8. The hydraulic motor free layer damping optimized vibration and noise reduction method based on wall plate contribution degree according to claim 6, characterized in that: the step S22 is specifically realized as follows:
step S221, in the finite element simulation platform, acting force is generated at the bottom of a plunger of the hydraulic motor, the plunger drives a main shaft to rotate, so that the main shaft vibrates, and the vibration is transmitted to the outer ring of the bearing, the shell of the hydraulic motor and finally the rear end cover;
step S222, acting force is generated at the bottom of the plunger, transmitted to the cylinder body by the plunger and transmitted to a port plate area by the cylinder body, and finally acted on a rear end cover;
step S223, vibration which cannot be counteracted mutually is generated by non-eccentric rotation of the inner rotating body of the hydraulic motor and is transmitted to the shell and the rear end cover of the motor by the main shaft;
step S224, vibration caused by flow pulsation of the oil inlet of the motor acts on the rear end cover and is transmitted to the motor shell.
9. The hydraulic motor free layer damping optimized vibration and noise reduction method based on the wallboard contribution of claim 1, wherein: the step S3 is specifically realized as follows:
step S31, based on an LMS virtual Lab finite element/boundary element analysis platform, importing hydraulic motor vibration response data and a hydraulic motor shell triangular surface mesh into an acoustics Harmonic BEM direct boundary element analysis module, wherein in the surface mesh division of an Acoustic direct boundary element, the maximum mesh unit is not more than 1/6 of the shortest wavelength in the solver solving frequency;
step S32, dividing the wall plates of the hydraulic motor shell by using a Mesh Group-Setting module, and endowing acoustic boundary elements with the divided wall plates with a grid based on a characteristic angle 50 deg;
step S33, transmitting the vibration response characteristic of the hydraulic motor to a structural grid of the surface of the hydraulic motor shell by using a Data Transfer Case module, and solving and obtaining Data of analysis of the contribution degree of the wall plate of the hydraulic motor by using the transmitted vibration response characteristic Data of the hydraulic motor shell;
in step S31, the maximum mesh size is smaller than 5mm.
10. The hydraulic motor free layer damping optimized vibration and noise reduction method based on the wallboard contribution degree according to claim 1, wherein: and S4, laying a free damping layer on the wall plate which has larger positive contribution in the analysis of the contribution degree of the wall plate.
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| CN116836511B (en) * | 2023-08-30 | 2023-11-28 | 燕山大学 | Manufacturing method of three-layer composite self-lubricating bearing bush for inner curve hydraulic motor |
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