CN115539433B - Sealing system and method for self-regenerative nitrogen isolated high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor - Google Patents
Sealing system and method for self-regenerative nitrogen isolated high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor Download PDFInfo
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- CN115539433B CN115539433B CN202211210584.6A CN202211210584A CN115539433B CN 115539433 B CN115539433 B CN 115539433B CN 202211210584 A CN202211210584 A CN 202211210584A CN 115539433 B CN115539433 B CN 115539433B
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 566
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 298
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 229910001873 dinitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 22
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical group [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/08—Sealings
- F04D29/083—Sealings especially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D17/00—Radial-flow pumps, e.g. centrifugal pumps; Helico-centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/08—Centrifugal pumps
- F04D17/10—Centrifugal pumps for compressing or evacuating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F04—POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
- F04D—NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
- F04D29/00—Details, component parts, or accessories
- F04D29/58—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer
- F04D29/582—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps
- F04D29/584—Cooling; Heating; Diminishing heat transfer specially adapted for elastic fluid pumps cooling or heating the machine
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-pressure steam centrifugal compressors, and particularly relates to a sealing system and a sealing method for a high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor with self-regenerative nitrogen isolation. Including the compressor host computer, its characterized in that is equipped with the nitrogen isolation chamber between compressor main shaft front end of compressor host computer and impeller and the compressor casing, is equipped with the nitrogen isolation subassembly that is used for forming the nitrogen isolation chamber between impeller, compressor casing and the compressor main shaft, is equipped with the nitrogen injection mouth that keeps apart the chamber intercommunication with nitrogen on the compressor casing, is equipped with the extraction opening that is located the nitrogen isolation subassembly rear between compressor main shaft and the compressor casing, extraction opening and nitrogen injection mouth link to each other with air extraction mechanism and high-pressure nitrogen feed mechanism respectively. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages that: the whole set of sealing system is provided with the nitrogen isolation cavity at the back side of the impeller and is filled with external high-pressure nitrogen, so that the effective isolation of the leakage steam at the back side of the impeller is realized, and the steam quantity leaked through the shaft end is effectively reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-pressure steam centrifugal compressors, and particularly relates to a sealing system and a sealing method for a high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor with self-regenerative nitrogen isolation.
Background
With the development of energy conservation and emission reduction requirements in various industrial fields, the requirements of compressor products with larger flow, higher inlet and outlet pressures and larger pressure rise in the market are more and more urgent, and particularly, the high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor is more and more urgent. The product is obviously different from the traditional negative pressure MVR compressor in that the steam is positive pressure, the inlet and outlet pressures are higher, and higher requirements are put on the shaft end seal of the compressor. Due to the high operating pressure, it is difficult to achieve an effective seal with the injection of external high pressure steam at the back of the impeller as used in conventional MVR.
In addition, if the method of injecting the isolation gas such as high-pressure nitrogen gas commonly used in the process gas compressor is used as a reference, because the nitrogen gas provided in the factory is usually at normal temperature, the nitrogen gas is mixed with steam after injection, which is easy to cause temperature reduction, so that the steam is liquefied and accumulated at the shaft end sealing position, and adverse effects are caused on the normal operation of the sealing and rotating parts such as impellers.
Therefore, a specific shaft end sealing system is required to be developed and designed for the steam centrifugal compressor with higher working pressure, and an appropriate regulation mode is adopted to realize effective sealing of high-pressure steam, so that the normal and stable operation of the compressor is ensured.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provide a sealing system of a self-regenerative nitrogen isolation high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor, which can be used for shaft end sealing.
Another object of the invention is to provide a method of sealing a self-regenerative nitrogen isolated high pressure vapor centrifugal compressor.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme: the self-backheating nitrogen isolation high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor sealing system comprises a compressor main machine and is characterized in that a nitrogen isolation cavity is formed between the front end of a compressor main shaft of the compressor main machine and an impeller and a compressor shell, a nitrogen isolation component used for forming the nitrogen isolation cavity is arranged among the impeller, the compressor shell and the compressor main shaft, a nitrogen injection port communicated with the nitrogen isolation cavity is formed in the compressor shell, an extraction opening positioned behind the nitrogen isolation component is formed between the compressor main shaft and the compressor shell, the extraction opening and the nitrogen injection port are respectively connected with an extraction mechanism and a high-pressure nitrogen supply mechanism, and a heat exchange mechanism is arranged among the extraction opening, the nitrogen injection port, the extraction mechanism and the high-pressure nitrogen supply mechanism. Because the injected nitrogen is at normal temperature, in order to prevent the injected nitrogen from being mixed with steam to cause steam condensation, heat exchange heating is carried out, and heat carried by leaked nitrogen is prevented from being discharged into the atmosphere.
In the self-regenerative nitrogen isolation high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor sealing system, the nitrogen isolation assembly comprises comb teeth which are arranged between the impeller and the compressor shell and used for sealing, front-end carbocycle seals which are arranged at the rear inside of the comb teeth are arranged between the compressor main shaft and the compressor shell, and the impeller, the compressor shell, the front-end carbocycle seals and the compressor main shaft form a nitrogen isolation cavity.
In the self-regenerative nitrogen isolated high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor sealing system, a rear-end carbocycle seal is arranged between the compressor shell and the rear end of the compressor main shaft, and the extraction opening is arranged among the front-end carbocycle seal, the compressor main shaft, the compressor shell and the rear-end carbocycle seal. The extraction port 17 is used to extract the mixture leaking through the front end carbon ring seal 152.
In the sealing system of the self-backheating type nitrogen-isolated high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor, the heat exchange mechanism comprises a primary nitrogen heat exchanger connected between the air extraction mechanism and the air extraction opening, and the primary nitrogen heat exchanger is also connected with the nitrogen injection opening and the high-pressure nitrogen supply mechanism. The heat released by the mixed gas in the primary nitrogen heat exchanger is absorbed by external high-pressure nitrogen, so that the self-regenerative cycle of the nitrogen is realized; the mixed gas contains the nitrogen leaked from the isolation cavity, so that the heat exchanger realizes partial self-heat regeneration of the nitrogen, and heat loss to the outside of the system is avoided.
In the sealing system of the self-regenerative nitrogen isolated high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor, a secondary nitrogen heat exchanger is connected between the primary nitrogen heat exchanger and the nitrogen injection port, a high-pressure nitrogen inlet of the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger is connected with a high-pressure nitrogen outlet of the primary nitrogen heat exchanger, a steam inlet and a steam outlet of the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger are respectively connected with an exhaust pipeline of the compressor through a steam inlet pipeline and a steam outlet pipeline of the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger, and a high-pressure nitrogen outlet of the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger is connected with the nitrogen injection port through an isolation cavity nitrogen injection pipeline.
In the sealing system of the self-backheating type nitrogen isolated high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor, the mixed gas inlet of the primary nitrogen heat exchanger is connected with the extraction opening through a shaft seal extraction pipeline, the primary nitrogen heat exchanger is provided with a primary heat exchanger steam condensate discharge opening and an external high-nitrogen inlet, the external high-nitrogen inlet is connected with a high-pressure nitrogen supply mechanism, the mixed gas outlet of the primary nitrogen heat exchanger is connected with the inlet of a tail end shaft seal cooler, the tail end shaft seal cooler is provided with a tail end shaft seal cooler steam condensate discharge opening, and the air outlet of the tail end shaft seal cooler is connected with the extraction mechanism. The steam after heat release by the heat exchanger still has a certain degree of superheat, and can be returned to the original compressor exhaust pipeline to be mixed with the main stream steam again and then can be exhausted normally.
In the self-regenerative nitrogen isolation high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor sealing system, an isolation cavity nitrogen injection pipeline is provided with an isolation cavity nitrogen injection pipeline regulating valve and a secondary nitrogen heat exchanger outlet pressure temperature monitoring instrument; the steam inlet pipeline of the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger is provided with a steam regulating valve of the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger; and an exhaust port pressure and temperature monitoring instrument of the exhaust fan is arranged on an exhaust port of the exhaust mechanism.
According to the self-backheating type nitrogen isolation high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor sealing method, nitrogen is injected into a nitrogen isolation cavity through a high-pressure nitrogen supply mechanism to realize high-pressure steam isolation, part of nitrogen and steam in the nitrogen isolation cavity are mixed and then leaked to an extraction opening through a nitrogen isolation assembly, mixed gas of the nitrogen and the steam in the extraction opening is extracted through an extraction mechanism, and the extracted mixed gas and the high-pressure nitrogen to be injected into the nitrogen isolation cavity exchange heat through a heat exchange mechanism.
According to the self-backheating type nitrogen isolation high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor sealing method, the first-stage nitrogen heat exchanger of the heat exchange mechanism heats high-pressure nitrogen which is supplied by the high-pressure nitrogen supply mechanism and does not enter the extraction opening by utilizing mixed gas with a certain temperature extracted from the extraction opening, the temperature of the mixed gas is reduced after the mixed gas exchanges heat with nitrogen, generated condensate is discharged through the first-stage nitrogen heat exchanger, the residual mixed gas enters the tail end shaft seal cooler, steam contained in the mixed gas is totally condensed and discharged after being treated by the tail end shaft seal cooler, nitrogen and non-condensable gas in the mixed gas are discharged into the atmosphere through the extraction mechanism, the high-pressure nitrogen heated by the first-stage nitrogen heat exchanger enters the second-stage nitrogen heat exchanger for reheating, a heat source of the second-stage nitrogen heat exchanger is from a small amount of superheated steam extracted from an outlet exhaust pipeline of the compressor, a certain superheat degree is still kept after the steam part is released, and the heat is returned to an outlet exhaust pipeline of the original compressor.
According to the sealing method of the self-regenerative nitrogen isolated high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor, if the condensation effect of the primary nitrogen heat exchanger on the extracted mixed gas is poor, the steam is completely condensed by adjusting the cooling water quantity of the tail end shaft seal cooler;
monitoring the pressure and the temperature of nitrogen before entering the nitrogen isolation cavity through a second-stage nitrogen heat exchanger outlet pressure temperature monitoring instrument, and controlling a nitrogen injection pipeline regulating valve of the isolation cavity to regulate and inject the nitrogen into the isolation cavity at proper pressure and flow;
if the temperature of the high-pressure nitrogen supplied by the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger cannot meet the requirement, the amount of superheated steam entering the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger can be increased by adjusting a steam adjusting valve of the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger, and the heating amount of the high-pressure nitrogen is ensured.
Compared with the prior art, the sealing system and the method for the self-regenerative nitrogen isolated high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor have the advantages that: the whole set of sealing system is provided with the nitrogen isolation cavity at the back side of the impeller and is filled with external high-pressure nitrogen, so that the effective isolation of the leakage steam at the back side of the impeller is realized, and the steam quantity leaked through the shaft end is effectively reduced. And a small amount of steam leaked from the carbocycle seal at the shaft end is condensed by a subsequent heat exchanger, so that a large amount of steam is finally prevented from being discharged to the atmosphere by a shaft seal cooler fan, and the shaft end of the high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor is effectively sealed.
2. The nitrogen gas heating device is designed to solve the problem that the direct injection of high-pressure nitrogen gas provided in a factory is normal temperature and steam condensation is easy to cause in a sealing system, and the nitrogen gas is guaranteed to have a higher temperature when entering an isolation cavity, so that the problem of steam condensation is avoided. Meanwhile, the mixed gas pumped out by the shaft end pumping hole is fully cooled after passing through different heat exchangers, and steam is prevented from being finally discharged into the atmosphere.
3. The primary nitrogen heat exchanger utilizes the mixed gas at the extraction opening of the shaft end to cool and release heat, so that preliminary heating of nitrogen is realized, the latent heat of steam in the mixed gas and the heat carried by the nitrogen are effectively utilized, self-backheating of the nitrogen is realized, and the heat is prevented from being directly discharged into the atmosphere.
4. The second-stage nitrogen heat exchanger utilizes the heat of superheated steam at the outlet of the compressor to ensure that the nitrogen finally reaches a higher temperature, and the steam cannot be condensed after entering the isolation cavity. The steam still has a certain degree of superheat after heat release, can return to the exhaust pipeline again, does not influence the normal exhaust of compressor. By utilizing the part of heat, nitrogen heating and effective recycling of heat in the compressor are effectively realized. The whole system does not need an external heat source to heat nitrogen, and basically does not increase the energy consumption of the compressor.
5. The sealing system can adjust the working state by monitoring parameters at all positions in real time, and the sealing effect is kept. By monitoring the extraction pressure and temperature at the end shaft seal cooler, the steam in the extracted mixed gas can be completely condensed by means of adjusting the circulating cooling water quantity, and the steam is prevented from being discharged into the atmosphere. Through monitoring nitrogen pressure and temperature before entering the nitrogen isolation cavity, the nitrogen is injected into the isolation cavity at proper pressure and flow rate through the regulating valve, and the heating amount of nitrogen is regulated by regulating the steam amount pumped to the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger by the outlet of the compressor, so that the nitrogen finally reaches a preset higher temperature, and the normal operation of the sealing system is ensured.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure provided by the present invention.
In the figure, a compressor main unit 1, a compressor main shaft 11, an impeller 12, a compressor housing 13, a nitrogen isolation cavity 14, a nitrogen isolation assembly 15, a nitrogen injection port 16, an extraction port 17, a compressor outlet exhaust pipeline 18, an extraction mechanism 2, a high-pressure nitrogen supply mechanism 3, a heat exchange mechanism 4, comb teeth 151, a front end carbon ring seal 152, a rear end carbon ring seal 153, a primary nitrogen heat exchanger 41, a secondary nitrogen heat exchanger 42, an isolation cavity nitrogen injection pipeline 43, a secondary nitrogen heat exchanger steam inlet pipeline 421, a secondary nitrogen heat exchanger steam outlet pipeline 422, a shaft seal extraction pipeline 411, an external high nitrogen inlet 413, a primary heat exchanger steam condensate discharge port 412, a terminal shaft seal cooler 5, a terminal shaft seal cooler steam condensate discharge port 51, an isolation cavity nitrogen injection pipeline regulating valve 43a, a secondary nitrogen heat exchanger outlet pressure temperature monitoring instrument 43b, a secondary nitrogen heat exchanger steam regulating valve 421a, an extraction fan exhaust port pressure temperature monitoring instrument 2b and an exhaust port 2a.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1, the self-backheating nitrogen isolation high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor sealing system comprises a compressor main machine 1, and is characterized in that a nitrogen isolation cavity 14 is arranged between the front end of a compressor main shaft 11 of the compressor main machine 1 and an impeller 12 and a compressor shell 13, a nitrogen isolation component 15 for forming the nitrogen isolation cavity 14 is arranged among the impeller 12, the compressor shell 13 and the compressor main shaft 11, a nitrogen injection opening 16 communicated with the nitrogen isolation cavity 14 is arranged on the compressor shell 13, an extraction opening 17 positioned behind the nitrogen isolation component 15 is arranged between the compressor main shaft 11 and the compressor shell 13, the extraction opening 17 and the nitrogen injection opening 16 are respectively connected with an extraction mechanism 2 and a high-pressure nitrogen supply mechanism 3, the structure of the high-pressure nitrogen supply mechanism 3 is not elaborated for the prior equipment, and a heat exchange mechanism 4 is arranged among the extraction opening 17, the nitrogen injection opening 16, the extraction mechanism 2 and the high-pressure nitrogen supply mechanism 3.
More specifically, the nitrogen isolation assembly 15 includes comb teeth 151 disposed between the impeller 12 and the compressor housing 13 for sealing, a front end carbocycle seal 152 disposed behind the inner sides of the comb teeth 151 is disposed between the compressor main shaft 11 and the compressor housing 13, the impeller 12, the compressor housing 13, the front end carbocycle seal 152 and the compressor main shaft 11 form the nitrogen isolation cavity 14, a rear end carbocycle seal 153 is disposed between the compressor housing 13 and the rear end of the compressor main shaft 11, and the extraction opening 17 is disposed between the front end carbocycle seal 152, the compressor main shaft 11, the compressor housing 13 and the rear end carbocycle seal 153, and the extraction opening 17 is annular.
The heat exchange mechanism 4 comprises a primary nitrogen heat exchanger 41 connected between the air extraction mechanism 2 and the air extraction opening 17, and the primary nitrogen heat exchanger 41 is also connected with the nitrogen injection opening 16 and the high-pressure nitrogen supply mechanism 3; a secondary nitrogen heat exchanger 42 is connected between the primary nitrogen heat exchanger 41 and the nitrogen injection port 16, a high-pressure nitrogen inlet of the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger 42 is connected with a high-pressure nitrogen outlet of the primary nitrogen heat exchanger 41, a steam inlet and a steam outlet of the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger 42 are respectively connected with the compressor outlet exhaust pipeline 18 through a secondary nitrogen heat exchanger steam inlet pipeline 421 and a secondary nitrogen heat exchanger steam outlet pipeline 422, and a high-pressure nitrogen outlet of the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger 42 is connected with the nitrogen injection port 16 through an isolation cavity nitrogen injection pipeline 43. The primary nitrogen heat exchanger 41 and the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger 42 are existing equipment, and the structure thereof is not described in detail.
The mixed gas inlet of the primary nitrogen heat exchanger 41 is connected with the extraction opening 17 through a shaft seal extraction pipeline 411, a primary heat exchanger steam condensate discharge opening 412 and an external high nitrogen inlet 413 are arranged on the primary nitrogen heat exchanger 41, the external high nitrogen inlet 413 is connected with the high-pressure nitrogen supply mechanism 3, the mixed gas outlet of the primary nitrogen heat exchanger 41 is connected with the inlet of the tail end shaft seal cooler 5, the tail end shaft seal cooler 5 is provided with a tail end shaft seal cooler steam condensate discharge opening 51, and the air outlet of the tail end shaft seal cooler 5 is connected with the extraction mechanism 2.
The isolation cavity nitrogen injection pipeline 43 is provided with an isolation cavity nitrogen injection pipeline regulating valve 43a and a secondary nitrogen heat exchanger outlet pressure temperature monitoring instrument 43b; the steam inlet pipeline 421 of the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger is provided with a steam regulating valve 421a of the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger; the air exhaust outlet 2a of the air exhaust mechanism 2 is provided with an air exhaust fan exhaust outlet pressure temperature monitoring instrument 2b.
The sealing method of the self-regenerative nitrogen isolated high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor is as follows: the high-pressure nitrogen supply mechanism 3 is used for injecting nitrogen into the nitrogen isolation cavity 14 to realize high-pressure steam isolation, part of nitrogen and steam in the nitrogen isolation cavity 14 are mixed and then leaked to the extraction opening 17 through the nitrogen isolation assembly 15, mixed gas of the nitrogen and the steam in the extraction opening 17 is extracted through the extraction mechanism 2, and the extracted mixed gas and the high-pressure nitrogen to be injected into the nitrogen isolation cavity 14 exchange heat through the heat exchange mechanism 4.
The first-stage nitrogen heat exchanger 41 of the heat exchange mechanism 4 heats the high-pressure nitrogen which is supplied by the high-pressure nitrogen supply mechanism 3 and does not enter the air extraction port 17 by utilizing the mixed gas with a certain temperature extracted from the air extraction port 17, the temperature of the mixed gas is reduced after the heat exchange with the nitrogen, the generated condensate is discharged through the first-stage nitrogen heat exchanger 41, the rest mixed gas enters the tail end shaft seal cooler 5, the steam contained in the mixed gas is totally condensed and discharged after being processed by the tail end shaft seal cooler 5, the nitrogen and the non-condensable gas in the mixed gas are discharged into the atmosphere through the air extraction mechanism 2, and the whole air extraction pipeline and the heat exchanger keep a micro negative pressure state under the normal working state because the air outlet is the atmospheric pressure;
the high-pressure nitrogen heated by the primary nitrogen heat exchanger 41 enters the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger 42 for reheating, the heat source of the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger 42 is from a small amount of superheated steam extracted from the exhaust pipeline 18 of the compressor outlet, and a certain degree of superheat is maintained after the steam is partially released, so that the heat is returned to the original exhaust pipeline 18 of the compressor outlet.
The high-pressure nitrogen heated by the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger 42 is injected into the nitrogen isolation cavity after being regulated to a proper pressure by the pressure regulating valve, thereby playing a role in isolating the steam at the back side of the impeller and preventing the steam from leaking.
The running state of the sealing system is monitored and adjusted in real time through the instruments and the valves,
if the primary nitrogen heat exchanger 41 has poor condensing effect on the extracted mixed gas, the steam is completely condensed by adjusting the cooling water quantity of the tail end shaft seal cooler 5;
the pressure and the temperature of the nitrogen before entering the nitrogen isolation cavity are monitored by a secondary nitrogen heat exchanger outlet pressure temperature monitoring instrument 43b, and the isolation cavity nitrogen injection pipeline regulating valve 43a is controlled to regulate and inject the nitrogen into the isolation cavity 14 at proper pressure and flow;
if the temperature of the high-pressure nitrogen supplied by the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger 42 does not meet the requirement, the amount of superheated steam entering the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger 42 can be increased by adjusting the steam regulating valve 421a of the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger, so that the heating amount of the high-pressure nitrogen is ensured.
The mixture gas traveling flow in the extraction opening 17 is as follows: the mixed gas enters the primary nitrogen heat exchanger 41 for cooling after passing through the shaft seal air suction pipeline 411, the cooled mixed gas enters the tail end shaft seal cooler 5 for being cooled by external circulating cooling water, steam contained in the mixed gas is totally condensed and discharged, and non-condensable gases such as nitrogen, a small amount of air mixed in the sealing device and the like are pumped out by the shaft seal fan and discharged into the atmosphere.
The flow of nitrogen gas from the nitrogen inlet 16 is as follows: the nitrogen output by the high-pressure nitrogen supply mechanism 3 enters the primary nitrogen heat exchanger 41 and then is preheated, the nitrogen enters the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger 42 and is reheated after being warmed, and the nitrogen enters the nitrogen injection port 16 through the isolation cavity nitrogen injection pipeline 43 and is injected into the nitrogen isolation cavity 14 after warming.
The specific embodiments described herein are offered by way of example only to illustrate the spirit of the invention. Those skilled in the art may make various modifications or additions to the described embodiments or substitutions thereof without departing from the spirit of the invention or exceeding the scope of the invention as defined in the accompanying claims.
Although the terms of the compressor main unit 1, the compressor main shaft 11, the impeller 12, the compressor housing 13, the nitrogen isolation chamber 14, the nitrogen isolation assembly 15, the nitrogen injection port 16, the extraction port 17, the compressor outlet exhaust pipe 18, the extraction mechanism 2, the high-pressure nitrogen supply mechanism 3, the heat exchange mechanism 4, the comb teeth 151, the front end carbon ring seal 152, the rear end carbon ring seal 153, the primary nitrogen heat exchanger 41, the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger 42, the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger steam inlet pipe 421, the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger steam outlet pipe 422, the shaft seal extraction pipe 411, the external high-nitrogen inlet 413, the primary heat exchanger steam condensate discharge port 412, the end shaft seal cooler 5, the end shaft seal cooler steam condensate discharge port 51, the isolation chamber nitrogen injection pipe adjustment valve 43a, the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger outlet pressure temperature monitor 43b, the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger steam adjustment valve 421a, the extraction blower exhaust port pressure temperature monitor 2b, the extraction port 2a and the like are used more herein, the possibility of using other terms is not excluded. These terms are used merely for convenience in describing and explaining the nature of the invention; they are to be interpreted as any additional limitation that is not inconsistent with the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a from high pressure steam centrifugal compressor sealing system of backheating nitrogen isolation, includes compressor host computer (1), its characterized in that, compressor host computer (1) compressor main shaft (11) front end and impeller (12) and compressor casing (13) between be equipped with nitrogen isolation chamber (14), impeller (12), compressor casing (13) and compressor main shaft (11) between be equipped with be used for forming nitrogen isolation chamber (14) nitrogen isolation subassembly (15), compressor casing (13) on be equipped with nitrogen injection port (16) with nitrogen isolation chamber (14) intercommunication, compressor main shaft (11) and compressor casing (13) between be equipped with be located nitrogen isolation subassembly (15) extraction opening (17) at the rear, extraction opening (17) and nitrogen injection port (16) link to each other with extraction mechanism (2) and high pressure nitrogen supply mechanism (3) respectively, be equipped with heat exchange mechanism (4) between extraction opening (17), nitrogen injection port (16), extraction mechanism (2) and high pressure nitrogen supply mechanism (3); the nitrogen isolation assembly (15) comprises comb teeth (151) which are arranged between the impeller (12) and the compressor shell (13) and used for sealing, a front-end carbocycle seal (152) which is positioned at the rear inside of the comb teeth (151) is arranged between the compressor main shaft (11) and the compressor shell (13), and a nitrogen isolation cavity (14) is formed among the impeller (12), the compressor shell (13), the front-end carbocycle seal (152) and the compressor main shaft (11); the heat exchange mechanism (4) comprises a primary nitrogen heat exchanger (41) connected between the air extraction mechanism (2) and the air extraction opening (17), and the primary nitrogen heat exchanger (41) is also connected with the nitrogen injection opening (16) and the high-pressure nitrogen supply mechanism (3); the nitrogen gas heat exchanger is characterized in that a second-level nitrogen gas heat exchanger (42) is connected between the first-level nitrogen gas heat exchanger (41) and the nitrogen gas injection opening (16), a high-pressure nitrogen gas inlet of the second-level nitrogen gas heat exchanger (42) is connected with a high-pressure nitrogen gas outlet of the first-level nitrogen gas heat exchanger (41), a steam inlet and a steam outlet of the second-level nitrogen gas heat exchanger (42) are respectively connected with the compressor outlet exhaust pipeline (18) through a second-level nitrogen gas heat exchanger steam inlet pipeline (421) and a second-level nitrogen gas heat exchanger steam outlet pipeline (422), and a high-pressure nitrogen gas outlet of the second-level nitrogen gas heat exchanger (42) is connected with the nitrogen gas injection opening (16) through an isolation cavity nitrogen gas injection pipeline (43).
2. The self-regenerative nitrogen-isolated high-pressure vapor centrifugal compressor seal system according to claim 1, wherein a rear-end carbocycle seal (153) is arranged between the compressor housing (13) and the rear end of the compressor main shaft (11), and the extraction opening (17) is arranged between the front-end carbocycle seal (152), the compressor main shaft (11), the compressor housing (13) and the rear-end carbocycle seal (153).
3. The self-heating nitrogen isolation high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor sealing system according to claim 1, wherein a mixed gas inlet of the primary nitrogen heat exchanger (41) is connected with an extraction opening (17) through a shaft seal extraction pipeline (411), a primary heat exchanger steam condensate discharge opening (412) and an external high-nitrogen inlet (413) are arranged on the primary nitrogen heat exchanger (41), the external high-nitrogen inlet (413) is connected with a high-pressure nitrogen supply mechanism (3), a mixed gas outlet of the primary nitrogen heat exchanger (41) is connected with an inlet of a tail end shaft seal cooler (5), a tail end shaft seal cooler steam condensate discharge opening (51) is arranged on the tail end shaft seal cooler (5), and an air outlet of the tail end shaft seal cooler (5) is connected with the extraction mechanism (2).
4. The seal system of the self-regenerative nitrogen-isolated high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor according to claim 1, wherein an isolated cavity nitrogen injection pipeline (43) is provided with an isolated cavity nitrogen injection pipeline regulating valve (43 a) and a secondary nitrogen heat exchanger outlet pressure temperature monitoring instrument (43 b); the steam inlet pipeline (421) of the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger is provided with a steam regulating valve (421 a) of the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger; the exhaust port (2 a) of the exhaust mechanism (2) is provided with an exhaust fan exhaust port pressure and temperature monitoring instrument (2 b).
5. A sealing method of a self-regenerative nitrogen isolated high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor is characterized by comprising the following steps: the sealing system of the self-regenerative nitrogen isolation high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor comprises the self-regenerative nitrogen isolation high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor, nitrogen is injected into a nitrogen isolation cavity (14) through a high-pressure nitrogen supply mechanism (3) to realize high-pressure steam isolation, part of nitrogen and steam in the nitrogen isolation cavity (14) are leaked to an extraction opening (17) through a nitrogen isolation assembly (15) after being mixed, mixed gas of the nitrogen and the steam in the extraction opening (17) is extracted through an extraction mechanism (2), and the extracted mixed gas and the high-pressure nitrogen to be injected into the nitrogen isolation cavity (14) are subjected to heat exchange through a heat exchange mechanism (4).
6. The self-backheating nitrogen-isolated high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor sealing method according to claim 5, wherein a first-stage nitrogen heat exchanger (41) of the heat exchange mechanism (4) heats high-pressure nitrogen which is supplied by the high-pressure nitrogen supply mechanism (3) and does not enter the extraction opening (17) by using mixed gas with a certain temperature extracted from the extraction opening (17), the mixed gas is cooled after heat exchange with the nitrogen, the generated condensate is discharged through the first-stage nitrogen heat exchanger (41), the rest mixed gas enters the end shaft seal cooler (5), steam contained in the mixed gas is totally condensed and discharged after being treated by the end shaft seal cooler (5), nitrogen and non-condensable gas in the mixed gas are discharged into the atmosphere through the extraction mechanism (2), the high-pressure nitrogen heated by the first-stage nitrogen heat exchanger (41) enters the second-stage nitrogen heat exchanger (42) for reheating, the heat source of the second-stage nitrogen heat exchanger (42) comes from a small amount of overheat steam which is extracted from an exhaust pipeline (18) of an outlet of a compressor, and the original superheat degree is kept after the steam is partially extracted, and the original superheat degree is kept at the outlet pipeline (18) of the compressor.
7. The method for sealing a self-regenerative nitrogen-isolated high pressure vapor centrifugal compressor of claim 6,
if the primary nitrogen heat exchanger (41) has poor condensing effect on the extracted mixed gas, the steam is completely condensed by adjusting the cooling water quantity of the tail end shaft seal cooler (5);
monitoring the pressure and the temperature of nitrogen before entering the nitrogen isolation cavity (14) through a secondary nitrogen heat exchanger outlet pressure temperature monitoring instrument (43 b), and controlling an isolation cavity nitrogen injection pipeline regulating valve (43 a) to regulate and inject the nitrogen isolation cavity (14) with proper pressure and flow;
if the temperature of the high-pressure nitrogen supplied by the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger (42) does not meet the requirement, the amount of superheated steam entering the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger (42) can be increased by adjusting the steam regulating valve (421 a) of the secondary nitrogen heat exchanger, so that the heating amount of the high-pressure nitrogen is ensured.
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| JP2011089455A (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2011-05-06 | Hitachi Ltd | Device with seal mechanism |
| CN103032347B (en) * | 2011-09-28 | 2015-08-19 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | There is the centrifugal compressor of isolation structure |
| ITUB20152676A1 (en) * | 2015-07-30 | 2017-01-30 | Nuovo Pignone Tecnologie Srl | ARRANGEMENT OF DRY SEAL GAS COOLING AND METHOD |
| CN105952681A (en) * | 2016-04-29 | 2016-09-21 | 沈阳透平机械股份有限公司 | Balance gas cavity type shaft end sealing mechanism and sealing gas adjustment device of compressor |
| CN106523424A (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-03-22 | 中航黎明锦西化工机械(集团)有限责任公司 | Centrifugal chlorine gas compressor shaft end seal |
| CN110360136A (en) * | 2018-05-21 | 2019-10-22 | 南通大通宝富风机有限公司 | Vapour compression machine |
| CN208966638U (en) * | 2018-08-13 | 2019-06-11 | 南通大通宝富风机有限公司 | Vapour compression machine |
| CN113123873A (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2021-07-16 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | System for improving efficiency of gas turbine by using absorption heat pump and operation method thereof |
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Denomination of invention: Sealing system and method for high-pressure steam centrifugal compressor with self heating nitrogen isolation Granted publication date: 20230606 Pledgee: Hangzhou High-tech Financing Guarantee Co.,Ltd. Pledgor: Zhejiang Rongda Yongneng Compressor Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2024330000040 |
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