CN115539318A - Wind generating set tower load monitoring system and method - Google Patents
Wind generating set tower load monitoring system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115539318A CN115539318A CN202110729105.0A CN202110729105A CN115539318A CN 115539318 A CN115539318 A CN 115539318A CN 202110729105 A CN202110729105 A CN 202110729105A CN 115539318 A CN115539318 A CN 115539318A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D17/00—Monitoring or testing of wind motors, e.g. diagnostics
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/728—Onshore wind turbines
Abstract
The application discloses a system and a method for monitoring tower load of a wind generating set. The support assembly is mounted inside the concrete tower and comprises at least a measurement plate with a smooth surface. The strain measurement element is installed on the measuring plate and used for measuring the strain of the concrete tower. The strain measurement bridge includes a strain measurement element therein, and outputs a measurement electrical signal based on the strain of the concrete tower measured by the strain measurement element. And the load output module is used for acquiring the measurement electric signal and calculating the load of the concrete tower according to the measurement electric signal and the linear load parameter. Strain measurement component in this application installs on glossy measurement board for strain measurement component and measurement board's firm in connection are applicable to the long-term monitoring of concrete tower load.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of wind power generation, in particular to a system and a method for monitoring the load of a tower of a wind generating set.
Background
In recent years, the increasing demand for the single machine capacity of wind generating sets has led to an increasing height of the towers. In order to improve the operational safety of the wind turbine generator system, it is necessary to monitor the tower of the wind turbine generator system for a long time. Tower monitoring involves tower load measurement. Among them, the technology of measuring the load of the steel tower part included in the tower is nearly mature, and the technology of measuring the load of the concrete tower part included in the tower is still to be perfected.
Currently, the concrete tower load can be inferred from the measured steel tower load. However, the presumed concrete tower load is inaccurate. The strain of the tower can be obtained by embedding the measuring rod device adhered with the strain gauge in the concrete tower, and the load of the concrete tower can be directly obtained through the strain of the tower. However, the measuring rod devices embedded in the concrete tower cannot be repaired once being damaged.
In addition, the strain gauge can be directly adhered to the concrete tower, the strain of the concrete tower can be obtained through the strain gauge, and further the load of the concrete tower can be directly obtained through the strain of the concrete tower. When the strain gauge is damaged or fails, the strain gauge can be directly replaced. However, strain gauges directly attached to concrete towers are prone to serious failure in a short period of time, and therefore, the strain gauges are frequently replaced.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the application provides a wind generating set tower load monitoring system and a method.
In order to achieve the above object, the embodiments of the present application provide the following technical solutions:
the embodiment of the application provides a wind generating set pylon load monitoring system, this system is used for measuring concrete pylon load, includes: the device comprises a support assembly, a strain measurement element, a strain measurement bridge circuit and a load output module;
the support assembly is mounted inside the concrete tower; the support assembly at least comprises a measuring plate with a smooth surface;
the strain measuring element is arranged on the measuring plate; the strain measuring element is used for measuring the strain of the concrete tower;
including a strain measurement element in the strain measurement bridge; the strain measurement bridge circuit outputs a measurement electric signal according to the strain of the concrete tower measured by the strain measurement element; the concrete tower load and the measurement electric signal are in a linear relation;
and the load output module is used for acquiring the measurement electric signal and calculating the load of the concrete tower according to the measurement electric signal and the linear load parameter.
Optionally, the support assembly comprises the measurement plate with a smooth surface, a first connecting part and a second connecting part;
one end of the first connecting component is fixedly connected with one end of the measuring plate, and one end of the second connecting component is fixedly connected with the other end of the measuring plate; the other end of the first connecting part and the other end of the second connecting part are both embedded inside the concrete tower.
Optionally, the support assembly comprises the measuring plate with the smooth surface and a preset number of bolts;
the measuring plate is provided with a preset number of threaded holes; the threaded hole penetrates through the measuring plate; the threaded holes are used for installing the bolts so that the measuring plate can be installed on the inner side of the concrete tower through the bolts.
Optionally, the number of the support assemblies is two, and the number of the strain measuring elements is two;
the two groups of supporting components are arranged on the inner side of the concrete tower; the included angle formed by the projection point of the mounting points of the two groups of supporting components on the target plane and the projection point of the central shaft of the concrete tower on the target plane comprises 90 degrees; the target plane is any plane perpendicular to the central axis of the concrete tower.
Optionally, the number of the support assemblies is four, and the number of the strain measuring elements is four;
the four groups of support assemblies are arranged on the inner side of the concrete tower; the four groups of mounting points of the supporting assembly are connected at the projection points of the target plane to form a square figure; the target plane is any plane perpendicular to the central axis of the concrete tower.
Optionally, the linear load parameters include a load proportionality coefficient and a load offset; the load proportion coefficient and the load offset are obtained by calculating the maximum measurement electric signal in the experimental measurement electric signals, the minimum measurement electric signal in the experimental measurement electric signals and the load of the concrete tower under the self weight of the machine head of the wind generating set;
and when the experimental measurement electric signal meets the wind power condition, the head of the wind generating set drifts at a constant speed for a circle, and the electric signal is obtained by outputting the electric signal through the strain measurement bridge circuit.
Optionally, the measuring plate is mounted inside the concrete tower horizontally or perpendicularly to the axial direction of the concrete tower.
Optionally, the material of the support component is a metal material.
The embodiment of the present application further provides a load monitoring method, which is applied to the above-mentioned wind generating set tower load monitoring system, where the wind generating set tower load monitoring system includes: the device comprises a support assembly, a strain measurement element, a strain measurement bridge circuit and a load output module; the support assembly is mounted inside the concrete tower; the supporting component at least comprises a measuring plate with a smooth surface; the strain measuring element is arranged on the measuring plate; the strain measuring element is used for measuring the strain of the concrete tower; including a strain measurement element in the strain measurement bridge;
the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a measurement electric signal output by the strain measurement bridge circuit according to the strain of the concrete tower measured by the strain measurement element;
acquiring a linear load parameter; the concrete tower load and the measured electric signal are in a linear relation;
and calculating the load of the concrete tower according to the measured electric signal and the linear load parameter.
Optionally, the acquiring linear load parameters includes:
when the wind power condition is met, enabling the head of the wind generating set to yaw for a circle at a constant speed, and acquiring an experimental measurement electric signal output by the strain measurement element;
calculating a load proportion coefficient and load offset through a maximum measurement electric signal in the experimental measurement electric signals, a minimum measurement electric signal in the experimental measurement electric signals and the concrete tower load under the self weight of the fan head; the linear load parameters include a load proportionality coefficient and a load offset.
According to the technical scheme, the method has the following beneficial effects:
the embodiment of the application provides a system and a method for monitoring tower load of a wind generating set. The support assembly is mounted inside the concrete tower and comprises at least a measurement plate with a smooth surface. The strain measurement element is installed on the measurement board, and the strain measurement element is used for measuring concrete tower strain. The strain measurement bridge includes a strain measurement element therein, and outputs a measurement electrical signal based on the strain of the concrete tower measured by the strain measurement element. Wherein, the concrete tower load and the measuring electric signal are in a linear relation. And the load output module is used for acquiring the measurement electric signal and calculating the load of the concrete tower according to the measurement electric signal and the linear load parameter. The strain measurement element that this application embodiment provided installs on glossy measurement board for the firm in connection of strain measurement element and measurement board, live time is long, has reduced the change frequency of strain measurement element, is applicable to the long-term monitoring of concrete tower load.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tower load monitoring system of a wind generating set according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2a is a top view and a side view of a support assembly provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2b is a schematic three-dimensional space view of a support assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3a is a schematic view of an installation position of a measurement assembly according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3b is a top view of a measurement assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a graph of measured electrical signals of a strain gauge full bridge according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 5 is a flowchart of a load monitoring method according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present application more comprehensible, embodiments accompanying the drawings are described in detail below.
In order to facilitate understanding and explaining the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application, the following description first describes the background art of the embodiments of the present application.
In recent years, the increasing demand for the single machine capacity of wind turbine generators has resulted in an increasing impeller diameter and tower height. The increase in tower height, on the one hand, increases the cost of the tower and, in addition, may cause a series of tower coupled vibration problems. Based on this, more and more towers not only adopt steel tower when the construction, have also adopted concrete tower, and the whole part steel tower and the concrete tower frame of tower constitute promptly. In order to improve the operational safety of a wind park, it is necessary to monitor the tower of the wind park over a long period of time in order to evaluate its technical characteristics.
The type certification is required to be obtained before the bidding of the wind generating set, and the type certification is required to be carried out when the same type of tower is changed and a new type of tower is calculated especially after the natural frequency of the tower is changed. One item in the type certification is a type certification test, a mechanical load capacity test in the type certification test of the wind generating set is carried out according to IEC61400-13-2017, and a tower load, namely a tower bending moment, must be included in a load measurement, so that the measurement of the concrete tower bending moment is necessary.
Among other things, the load measuring technology of steel tower sections comprising the tower has become mature. However, compared with the traditional steel tower, the concrete tower is a new wind power technology, and has no application history, and the load measurement technology of the concrete tower part is yet to be perfected.
Currently, the concrete tower load can be inferred from the measured steel tower load. However, the presumed concrete tower load is inaccurate. In order to solve the problem, the strain of the tower can be obtained by embedding the measuring rod device adhered with the strain gauge in the concrete tower, and the load of the concrete tower can be directly obtained through the strain of the tower. The method solves the problem that the load of the concrete tower is not accurately obtained. However, the measuring rod device pre-buried in the concrete tower cannot be repaired once being damaged, and cannot be used for long-term monitoring. Moreover, the effect of the concrete tower on the strain gauge during the pre-embedding process is complex, so that the signal calibration of the strain gauge is difficult, and the obtaining of a valid signal from the signal is also difficult.
In addition, the strain gauge can be directly adhered to the concrete tower, the strain of the concrete tower is obtained through the strain gauge, and then the load of the concrete tower is directly obtained through the strain of the concrete tower. When the strain gauge is damaged or fails, the strain gauge can be directly replaced. However, due to the special properties of concrete, there is currently no effective adhesive to ensure a strong adhesion of the strain gauge to the concrete. The strain signal measured by the strain gauge directly adhered to the concrete tower can generate creep characteristics continuously, and serious failure can occur within half a month or even shorter time usually, so that the measurement result is unavailable, and the strain gauge is frequently replaced.
Based on the above, the embodiment of the application provides a tower load monitoring system and method for a wind generating set, the tower load monitoring system for the wind generating set is used for measuring the load of a concrete tower and comprises a supporting assembly, a strain measuring element, a strain measuring bridge circuit and a load output module. The support assembly is mounted inside the concrete tower and comprises at least a measurement plate with a smooth surface. The strain measurement element is installed on the measurement board, and the strain measurement element is used for measuring concrete tower strain. The strain measurement bridge includes a strain measurement element therein, and outputs a measurement electrical signal based on the strain of the concrete tower measured by the strain measurement element. Wherein, the concrete tower load and the measuring electric signal are in a linear relation. And the load output module is used for acquiring the measurement electric signal and calculating the load of the concrete tower according to the measurement electric signal and the linear load parameter. The strain measurement element that this application embodiment provided installs on glossy measurement board for the firm in connection of strain measurement element and measurement board, live time is long, has reduced the change frequency of strain measurement element, is applicable to the long-term monitoring of concrete tower load.
Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tower load monitoring system of a wind generating set according to an embodiment of the present application. The wind generating set tower load monitoring system is used for measuring the load of a concrete tower of a wind generating set. As shown in FIG. 1, a wind generating set tower load monitoring system provided by the embodiment of the application comprises:
a support assembly 1, a strain measuring element 2, a strain measuring bridge 3 and a load output module 4.
Wherein the support assembly 1 is mounted inside a concrete tower. The support assembly 1 comprises at least a measuring plate 5 with a smooth surface. Preferably, the measuring plate 5 is mounted inside the concrete tower horizontally or perpendicularly to the axial direction of the concrete tower.
The strain gauge element 2 is mounted on a gauge plate 5. The number of strain gauge elements 2 and support assemblies 1 is the same. The strain measuring element 2 measures the strain of the measuring plate 5, and the strain of the measuring plate 5 can directly reflect the strain of the concrete tower, and the strain measuring element 2 is used for measuring the strain of the concrete tower. Just because the measurement board 5 has a smooth surface, replace and install strain measurement component 2 directly on the concrete tower, strain measurement component 2 in the embodiment of this application installs on the smooth surface of measurement board 5, makes with the help of measurement board 5 that strain measurement component 2 can be used to long-term measurement concrete tower strain to obtain concrete tower load. As an example, the strain measuring element 2 is a strain gauge. The strain gauge is adhered to the smooth surface of the measurement plate 5, so that the connection between the strain gauge and the measurement plate 5 is tight, and the strain gauge is not easy to fall off or lose efficacy.
Preferably, the material of the measuring plate 5 is a metal material, for example, an alloy steel material. Alternatively, the strain gauge element 2 is mounted on the smooth surface of the gauge plate 5 by means of gluing or welding.
The mode that supporting component 1 installed at the concrete tower inboard differs, and different mounting means make supporting component 1's structure different, as follows:
as an example, the support assembly 1 comprises a measuring plate 5 with a smooth surface, a first connecting part 6 and a second connecting part 7. As shown in fig. 2a and 2b, fig. 2a is a top view and a side view of a support assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 2b is a three-dimensional space schematic diagram of a support assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 2a and 2b, one end of the first connecting member 6 is fixedly connected to one end of the measurement plate 5, and one end of the second connecting member 7 is fixedly connected to the other end of the measurement plate 5. The other end of the first connecting member 6 and the other end of the second connecting member 7 are embedded inside the concrete tower.
Optionally, the material of the support component 1 is a metal material, for example, an alloy steel material. Alternatively, when the components of the support assembly 1 are made of metal, the first connecting part 6 and the second connecting part 7 are fixedly connected by welding, and stress concentration removing treatment is performed.
As another example, the support assembly 1 includes a measuring plate 5 having a smooth surface and a predetermined number of bolts. Correspondingly, the measuring plate 5 is provided with a preset number of threaded holes which penetrate through the measuring plate 5. Each threaded hole is used for mounting a corresponding bolt so that the measuring plate 5 is mounted inside the concrete tower through the bolt.
The shapes of the measurement plate 5, the first connection member 6, and the second connection member 7 are not limited to those shown in fig. 2a and 2b, and may be determined according to actual needs. In addition, the size of the support assembly 1 needs to be adjusted for different concrete tower sizes. Alternatively, the dimensions of the support assembly 1 may be determined by simulation. In particular, a concrete tower is modelled using modelling software and models of the support assembly 1 and the strain measuring elements 2 are added. And after modeling is completed, applying bending moment to the integral structure of the concrete tower to simulate. Because the strain force of the concrete tower can be transferred to the supporting component 1, if the strain magnitude of the concrete tower measured by the strain measuring element 2 obtained through simulation is consistent with the strain magnitude of the concrete tower, the strain force of the concrete tower can be directly and truly reflected by utilizing the strain force applied to the surface of the supporting component 1, and the size of the supporting component 1 at the moment is available. In essence, the load to which the concrete tower is subjected and the load to which the surface of the support member 1 is subjected are calibrated, and the change in the load to which the surface of the support member 1 is subjected reflects the change in the load to which the concrete tower is subjected.
Optionally, a dimension scale can be made on each component in the supporting assembly 1, so that the dimension of each component in the supporting assembly can be conveniently known. Furthermore, the materials chosen for the strain gauge element 2 and the support assembly 1 require that the material mechanics parameters are known.
The wind generating set tower load monitoring system provided by the embodiment of the application further comprises a strain measurement bridge circuit 3. A strain measuring element 2 is included in the strain measuring bridge 3. The strain measurement bridge circuit 3 outputs a measurement electrical signal according to the strain of the concrete tower measured by the strain measurement element 2. Wherein, the concrete tower load and the measured electric signal form a linear relation.
The strain measuring bridge 3 comprises a strain measuring element 2. The strain of the concrete tower measured by the strain measuring element 2 is converted into a measuring electrical signal by the strain measuring bridge 3. Through tests, the linear relation between the concrete tower load and the measured electric signal is obtained. After the electric signal is obtained, the load of the concrete tower can be directly obtained according to the linear relation between the load of the concrete tower and the electric signal.
As an example, the measuring electrical signal is the output voltage of the strain measuring bridge 3. As another example, the measured electrical signal is the ratio of the output voltage to the input voltage of the strain measuring bridge 3.
It should be noted that the strain-measuring bridge 3 can be designed as a single bridge circuit, a half bridge circuit and a full bridge circuit. The method comprises the following specific steps:
as an alternative, the strain-measuring bridge 3 is designed as a single bridge circuit. The support members 1 are in a group and the strain gauge elements 2 are one. The support assembly 1 is mounted inside a concrete tower. The specific mounting position of the support member 1 is not limited.
As an alternative, the strain-measuring bridge 3 is designed as a half-bridge circuit. The number of the supporting members 1 is two, and the number of the strain measuring elements 2 is two. In this case, the two sets of support assemblies 1 are installed inside the concrete tower, and the angle between the projection point of the installation point of the two sets of support assemblies 1 on the target plane and the projection point of the central axis of the concrete tower on the target plane, which is any plane perpendicular to the central axis of the concrete tower, includes 90 degrees.
A support assembly 1 and a corresponding strain measuring cell 2 are considered as one measuring assembly. That is, the projection of the concrete tower on the target plane is a circle, and 2 sets of measuring assemblies are uniformly distributed on the inner side of the concrete tower according to 2 directions. The 2 directions are marked at 0 and 90 degrees on a circle. In addition, it is preferable that the plurality of measuring assemblies are in the same horizontal line in order to facilitate the strain measuring bridge 3 to acquire the measuring electrical signal.
In order to increase the sensitivity of the strain gauge element 2, reduce the heating of the strain gauge element 2 itself and counteract the effect of temperature changes on the measurement electrical signal, the strain gauge bridge 3 is preferably designed as a full bridge circuit. Referring to fig. 3a and 3b, fig. 3a is a schematic view of an installation position of a measurement assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application, and fig. 3b is a top view of the installation position of the measurement assembly provided in the embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 3a and 3b, the support members 1 are four groups, and the strain measuring elements 2 are four groups. As an example, the support assembly 1 in fig. 3a, 3b comprises a measuring plate 5 with a smooth surface, a first connecting part 6 and a second connecting part 7. It should be noted that the support assembly 1 is not limited to the structure shown in fig. 3a and 3 b. The four groups of supporting components 1 are arranged on the inner side of the concrete tower, and a figure formed by connecting the mounting points of the four groups of supporting components 1 at the projection point of the target plane is a square. The target plane is any plane perpendicular to the central axis of the concrete tower. From another perspective, as shown in fig. 3a and 3b, the projection of the concrete tower on the target plane is a circle, or the top view of the concrete tower is a circle, and 4 sets of measuring assemblies are uniformly distributed on the inner side of the concrete tower according to 4 directions. The 4 directions are marked according to 0 degree, 90 degrees, 180 degrees and 270 degrees on a circle, the measuring assemblies in the 0 degree direction and the measuring assemblies in the 180 degree direction are 1 group in the strain measurement full bridge, and the measuring assemblies in the 90 degree direction and the measuring assemblies in the 270 degree direction are 1 group in the strain measurement full bridge to jointly form the strain measurement full bridge.
Preferably, in order to facilitate the strain measuring bridge 3 to obtain the measuring electrical signal, the plurality of measuring assemblies are located at the same horizontal line.
And a load output module 4 in the tower load monitoring system of the wind generating set is used for acquiring the measurement electric signal output by the strain measurement bridge circuit 3 and calculating the load of the concrete tower according to the measurement electric signal and the linear load parameter.
Wherein the linear load parameters include a load proportionality coefficient and a load offset. It should be noted that the linear load parameters need to be obtained first, and after the measurement electrical signals are obtained, the load of the concrete tower can be calculated based on the linear load parameters.
As an example, the linear load parameter is obtained by way of calibration. At the final stage of the calibration process, the linear load parameters can be obtained by calculating the maximum measurement electric signal in the experimental measurement electric signals, the minimum measurement electric signal in the experimental measurement electric signals and the concrete tower load of the wind generating set under the head dead weight. And when the electrical signal measured by the experiment meets the wind power condition, the head of the wind generating set drifts for a circle at a constant speed and is output by the strain measurement bridge circuit 3.
For ease of understanding, the principle of calibration is as follows:
a bending moment of known magnitude is applied to the concrete tower and then the relationship between the measured electrical signal and the actual bending moment (i.e. load) of the concrete tower is determined from the applied known bending moment and the measured electrical signal of the strain measurement bridge 3:
M＝K*S+of
wherein M is the actual bending moment of the concrete tower, K is the load proportionality coefficient, S is the measurement electrical signal output by the strain measurement bridge circuit 3, and of is the load offset. It can be seen that M and S are linear.
In specific implementation, the actual calibration process is as follows:
under the condition that the wind power is below 5M/s or no wind, the thrust of the wind received by the impeller of the wind generating set is approximately 0, the bending moment received by the concrete tower barrel is caused by the dead weight of the nose, and the magnitude of the bending moment is known and is recorded as M 0 . At this time, the fan head is made to yaw for a circle at a constant speed, and as an example, as shown in fig. 3b, the fan head is made to yaw for a circle clockwise at a constant speed. The obtained electrical signal output by the strain measurement bridge circuit 3 is shown in fig. 4, and fig. 4 is a graph of the measured electrical signal of a strain measurement bridge provided by the embodiment of the present application. In the process that the fan head drifts for a circle, when the fan head rotates to the position where the strain measurement element 2 is installed, the measurement electric signal output by the strain measurement bridge circuit 3 is the largest, and the bending moment is the largest. As shown in FIG. 4, the maximum measured electrical signal is the measured electrical signal corresponding to the point A, and is denoted as S A Corresponding known bending moment M 0 ，M 0 Is the maximum bending moment. The minimum measurement electrical signal is the measurement electrical signal corresponding to the point C and is recorded as S C Corresponding to a known bending moment of-M 0 ，-M 0 Is the minimum bending moment. Wherein the signs represent only pressure or tension, e.g., a positive sign represents pressure and a negative sign represents tension. The ordinate (measured electrical signal) in fig. 4 is embodied as the voltage ratio signal, i.e. the voltage ratio of the output voltage and the input voltage of the strain-measuring bridge 3The value is obtained. The abscissa is time.
The load proportionality coefficient K and the load offset of are calculated by the formula:
M 0 ＝K*S A +of
-M 0 ＝K*S C +of
based on the formula, according to the measurement electric signal S output by the strain measurement circuit 3 A 、S C And bending moment M caused by dead weight of machine head 0 Then, the load proportionality coefficient K and the load offset of can be obtained.
Therefore, the calibration process of measuring the electric signal and the load of the concrete tower is completed. By utilizing the obtained load proportionality coefficient K and the load offset of, after the electric signal is measured, the actual bending moment of the concrete tower can be directly output.
It should be noted that the calibration method for measuring the electrical signal and the concrete tower load is not limited to the above calibration method, and the above calibration process is only described as an example of the calibration process for measuring the electrical signal and the concrete tower load.
If the measured value is changed obviously in the concrete tower load monitoring process, whether the strain measuring element 2 is damaged or not needs to be checked, and when the strain measuring element 2 is damaged or fails, the strain measuring element 2 can be installed again and calibrated according to the wind generating set tower load monitoring system and method provided by the embodiment of the application. As long as the parameters of the adopted strain measuring elements 2 are consistent, the load proportionality coefficient K and the load offset of deviation obtained by each calibration are very small, and once the calibrated load proportionality coefficient K and the calibrated load offset of deviation are very large, the concrete structure needs to be inspected or detected.
For long-term monitoring, the bending moment load values of the fan unit corresponding to the same operation condition are consistent within uncertainty. The tower health can be monitored by changes in the bending moment load values. In addition, tower health can also be monitored by measuring frequency domain characteristics of the electrical signals. In particular, tower health is monitored by analytically measuring the frequency content of the electrical signal. Once the frequency component of the measured electrical signal changes under the same operating conditions, the concrete structure needs to be inspected or tested.
The wind generating set tower load monitoring system provided by the embodiment of the application directly measures the load of the concrete tower through the supporting component, the strain measurement element, the strain measurement bridge circuit and the load output module, improves the accuracy of the obtained concrete tower load, and can be used for type certification testing of a fan unit. Moreover, through the wind generating set tower load monitoring system provided by the embodiment of the application, when the components in the wind generating set tower load monitoring system fail, the components can be conveniently repaired, and the wind generating set tower load monitoring system can be used for long-term monitoring of concrete tower loads.
Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a flowchart of a load monitoring method provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the method is applied to a tower load monitoring system of a wind generating set in the above embodiment, where the tower load monitoring system of a wind generating set includes: the device comprises a support assembly, a strain measurement element, a strain measurement bridge circuit and a load output module; the supporting component is arranged on the inner side of the concrete tower; the supporting component at least comprises a measuring plate with a smooth surface; the strain measurement element is arranged on the measurement plate; the strain measuring element is used for measuring the strain of the concrete tower; a strain measurement element is included in the strain measurement bridge.
As shown in fig. 5, the method includes S501-S503:
s501: and acquiring a measurement electric signal output by the strain measurement bridge circuit according to the strain of the concrete tower measured by the strain measurement element.
S502: acquiring a linear load parameter; the load of the concrete tower and the measured electric signal are in linear relation.
S503: and calculating the load of the concrete tower according to the measured electric signal and the linear load parameter.
In specific implementation, the obtaining of the linear load parameter includes:
when the wind power condition is met, enabling the head of the wind generating set to yaw for a circle at a constant speed, and acquiring an experimental measurement electric signal output by a strain measurement element;
calculating a load proportion coefficient and load offset through a maximum measurement electric signal in the experimental measurement electric signals, a minimum measurement electric signal in the experimental measurement electric signals and the concrete tower load under the self weight of the fan head; the linear load parameters include load proportionality factor and load offset.
It should be noted that, the load monitoring method provided in the embodiment of the present application is applied to the wind generating set tower load monitoring system in the foregoing embodiment, and for the description of the relevant functions and principles of the wind generating set tower load monitoring system, reference may be made to the foregoing embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
The embodiment of the application provides a load monitoring method, which is applied to a tower load monitoring system of a wind generating set and used for measuring the load of a concrete tower. The method comprises the following steps: and acquiring a measurement electric signal output by the strain measurement bridge circuit according to the strain of the concrete tower measured by the strain measurement element. And acquiring linear load parameters, wherein the load of the concrete tower and the measured electric signal form a linear relation. And calculating the load of the concrete tower according to the measured electric signal and the linear load parameter. According to the method, the strain measurement element is arranged on the smooth measurement plate, so that the strain measurement element and the measurement plate are firmly connected, the service life is long, the replacement frequency of the strain measurement element is reduced, and the method is suitable for long-term monitoring of the concrete tower load.
It should be noted that, in the present specification, the embodiments are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other. For the method disclosed by the embodiment, the method corresponds to the system disclosed by the embodiment, so that the description is simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the system part for description.
It should also be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrases "comprising one of 8230; \8230;" 8230; "does not exclude the presence of additional like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The previous description of the disclosed embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the application. Thus, the present application is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims (10)
1. A wind generating set tower load monitoring system for measuring concrete tower load, includes: the device comprises a support assembly, a strain measurement element, a strain measurement bridge circuit and a load output module;
the support assembly is mounted inside the concrete tower; the supporting component at least comprises a measuring plate with a smooth surface;
the strain measuring element is arranged on the measuring plate; the strain measuring element is used for measuring the strain of the concrete tower;
including a strain measurement element in the strain measurement bridge; the strain measurement bridge circuit outputs a measurement electric signal according to the strain of the concrete tower measured by the strain measurement element; the concrete tower load and the measured electric signal are in a linear relation;
and the load output module is used for acquiring the measurement electric signal and calculating the load of the concrete tower according to the measurement electric signal and the linear load parameter.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the support assembly comprises the survey plate having a smooth surface, a first connecting member, and a second connecting member;
one end of the first connecting component is fixedly connected with one end of the measuring plate, and one end of the second connecting component is fixedly connected with the other end of the measuring plate; the other end of the first connecting part and the other end of the second connecting part are both embedded inside the concrete tower.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the support assembly comprises the smooth surfaced metrology plate and a predetermined number of bolts;
the measuring plate is provided with a preset number of threaded holes; the threaded hole penetrates through the measuring plate; the threaded holes are used for installing the bolts so that the measuring plate is installed on the inner side of the concrete tower through the bolts.
4. The system of any one of claims 1-3, wherein there are two sets of support members and two strain measuring elements;
two groups of the supporting assemblies are arranged on the inner side of the concrete tower; the included angle formed by the projection point of the mounting points of the two groups of supporting components on the target plane and the projection point of the central shaft of the concrete tower on the target plane comprises 90 degrees; the target plane is any plane perpendicular to the central axis of the concrete tower.
5. The system of any of claims 1-3, wherein the support assemblies are four groups and the strain measuring elements are four;
the four groups of support assemblies are arranged on the inner side of the concrete tower; the four groups of mounting points of the supporting assembly are connected at the projection points of the target plane to form a square figure; the target plane is any plane perpendicular to the central axis of the concrete tower.
6. The system of any of claims 1-3, wherein the linear load parameters include a load proportionality coefficient and a load offset; the load proportion coefficient and the load offset are obtained by calculating the maximum measurement electric signal in the experimental measurement electric signals, the minimum measurement electric signal in the experimental measurement electric signals and the load of the concrete tower under the self weight of the machine head of the wind generating set;
and when the experimental measurement electric signal meets the wind power condition, the head of the wind generating set drifts for a circle at a constant speed, and the electric signal is obtained by the output of the strain measurement bridge circuit.
7. The system according to claim 1, wherein the measuring plate is mounted inside the concrete tower horizontally or perpendicularly to the axial direction of the concrete tower.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the support member is made of metal.
9. A load monitoring method applied to the wind generating set tower load monitoring system of claims 1-8, wherein the monitoring system comprises: the device comprises a support assembly, a strain measurement element, a strain measurement bridge circuit and a load output module; the support assembly is mounted inside the concrete tower; the support assembly at least comprises a measuring plate with a smooth surface; the strain measuring element is arranged on the measuring plate; the strain measuring element is used for measuring the strain of the concrete tower; including a strain measurement element in the strain measurement bridge;
the method comprises the following steps:
acquiring a measurement electric signal output by the strain measurement bridge circuit according to the strain of the concrete tower measured by the strain measurement element;
acquiring a linear load parameter; the concrete tower load and the measured electric signal are in a linear relation;
and calculating the load of the concrete tower according to the measured electric signal and the linear load parameter.
10. The method of claim 9, wherein said obtaining linear load parameters comprises:
when the wind power condition is met, enabling the head of the wind generating set to yaw for a circle at a constant speed, and acquiring an experimental measurement electric signal output by the strain measurement element;
calculating a load proportion coefficient and load offset through a maximum measurement electric signal in the experimental measurement electric signals, a minimum measurement electric signal in the experimental measurement electric signals and the concrete tower load under the self weight of the fan head; the linear load parameters include a load proportionality coefficient and a load offset.
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| CN202110729105.0A CN115539318A (en) | 2021-06-29 | 2021-06-29 | Wind generating set tower load monitoring system and method |
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