CN115537964B - Modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115537964B CN115537964B CN202211400120.1A CN202211400120A CN115537964B CN 115537964 B CN115537964 B CN 115537964B CN 202211400120 A CN202211400120 A CN 202211400120A CN 115537964 B CN115537964 B CN 115537964B
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- polylactic acid
- cardanol
- melt
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- modified tourmaline
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Classifications
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F6/00—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof
- D01F6/88—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds
- D01F6/92—Monocomponent artificial filaments or the like of synthetic polymers; Manufacture thereof from mixtures of polycondensation products as major constituent with other polymers or low-molecular-weight compounds of polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F1/00—General methods for the manufacture of artificial filaments or the like
- D01F1/02—Addition of substances to the spinning solution or to the melt
- D01F1/10—Other agents for modifying properties
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/42—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties characterised by the use of certain kinds of fibres insofar as this use has no preponderant influence on the consolidation of the fleece
- D04H1/4326—Condensation or reaction polymers
- D04H1/435—Polyesters
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H1/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres
- D04H1/40—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties
- D04H1/54—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving
- D04H1/56—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of staple fibres or like relatively short fibres from fleeces or layers composed of fibres without existing or potential cohesive properties by welding together the fibres, e.g. by partially melting or dissolving in association with fibre formation, e.g. immediately following extrusion of staple fibres
Abstract
The invention discloses a modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material, a preparation method and application thereof. The modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material is prepared from the following components in parts by weight: 85-95 parts of polylactic acid, 2-5 parts of cardanol modified tourmaline powder, 0-15 parts of cardanol plasticizer and 0.5-2 parts of anti-aging agent, wherein the cardanol plasticizer is one or a combination of two of cardanol and cardanol derivatives. According to the invention, cardanol is used for modifying tourmaline powder and is further applied to polylactic acid electret melt-blown materials, modified tourmaline can be uniformly dispersed in a polylactic acid matrix, winding crosslinking can be realized through unsaturated long-chain alkane and polylactic acid molecular chains in a cardanol molecular structure, interface combination of tourmaline and the polylactic acid matrix is enhanced, electrostatic retention performance of the material is effectively improved, and cardanol can effectively reduce T of a polylactic acid material as a biodegradable plasticizer g The material performance of the polylactic acid melt-blown material is improved.
Description
Technical field:
the invention belongs to the field of melt-blown material preparation, and particularly relates to a modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Polylactic acid (PLA) is used as a renewable bio-based polymer material, has the characteristics of environmental friendliness, degradability, good biocompatibility, high modulus, high strength and the like, and is widely used in the fields of medicine, packaging, spinning and the like. At present, most of degradable masks take polylactic acid (PLA) as a raw material, and the huge advantages of being renewable, biodegradable, low in carbon emission and low in energy consumption make the degradable masks become a hot spot for application research. Polylactic acid has good mechanical properties and physical properties, but has poor processing stability, flexibility (toughness) and durability, and limits wider application. And melt-blown PLA has poor ageing resistance, and the static effect is greatly attenuated after being placed for a period of time, and particularly in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, the charge can be rapidly attenuated and even vanished. The method for solving the technical problems mainly comprises plasticizing and modifying the polylactic acid and adding other electret materials.
Tourmaline is a common inorganic electret material which has the functions of spontaneous polarization, thermopneumatic property, piezoelectricity, negative ion release and the like, and is also used for the preparation of the cathode material. Tourmaline has excellent physicochemical properties, but because tourmaline itself is a polar surface and has high surface energy, serious agglomeration phenomenon occurs, and the reason makes tourmaline difficult to be uniformly dispersed in an organic matrix and affects the service performance and service life of a product.
In order to solve the problems, the conventional method is to modify the surface of tourmaline powder by using a coupling agent, sodium stearate and the like so as to reduce the surface chemical property of the tourmaline powder and improve the dispersibility of the tourmaline in a polymer matrix. However, sodium stearate and other compatilizers are easy to cause degradation of polylactic acid molecular chains, the coupling agent has small molecular weight, and the acting force between the coupling agent and the polylactic acid molecular chains is relatively weak. Therefore, the interface improving effect after the addition of the above-mentioned compatibilizing agent tends to be less desirable.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to effectively solve the problems, the invention provides a modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material, a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the method adopts cardanol to modify tourmaline, and the modified tourmaline powder can be better and evenly dispersed in polylactic acid
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85-95 parts of polylactic acid, 2-5 parts of cardanol modified tourmaline powder, 0-15 parts of cardanol plasticizer and 0.5-2 parts of anti-aging agent, wherein the cardanol plasticizer is one or a combination of two of cardanol and cardanol derivatives.
The cardanol derivative is epoxy cardanol.
The cardanol modified tourmaline powder is prepared by the following method: adding tourmaline powder into a ball milling tank body, adding cardanol and zirconia balls with the diameter of 2-6 mm, performing ball milling, controlling the rotation speed of ball milling to be 300-500 r/min, performing ball milling for 0.5-2 h, and performing freeze drying to obtain cardanol modified tourmaline powder; wherein the mass ratio of tourmaline powder to cardanol is 100:20-40.
The melt index of the polylactic acid is 50-100 g/10min, and the test conditions of the melt index are as follows: 190 ℃,2.16kg.
The preparation method of the modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material comprises the following steps: and mixing polylactic acid, cardanol modified tourmaline powder, cardanol plasticizer and an anti-aging agent according to the formula proportion, and performing melt extrusion, air cooling, granulating and drying on the obtained mixture by a screw extruder to obtain the modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material.
The modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material can be applied to preparing melt-blown cloth.
According to the invention, cardanol and tourmaline are subjected to ball milling dry modification, and the obtained cardanol modified tourmaline powder is further applied to polylactic acid electret melt-blown materials. The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the synthesized cardanol modified tourmaline powder can effectively solve the problems of poor compatibility and easy agglomeration of tourmaline and polylactic acid, and can improve the interface compatibility of the tourmaline and the polylactic acid while realizing uniform dispersion of the tourmaline in the polylactic acid, thereby effectively improving the electrostatic holding capacity of melt-blown materials. Thus, the prepared melt-blowing step has better filtering effect and lower air flow resistance.
2. The modified tourmaline powder has the advantages that the nonpolar long alkyl chain in the cardanol molecules has a lubricating effect on PLA molecules, so that the action force between PLA molecules can be reduced, the PLA chain segment movement is facilitated, the PLA molecule Tg is further reduced, the processing performance is improved, and the tensile strength of brittle PLA materials is greatly improved.
Detailed Description
The proportions of the components added in the examples are parts by weight unless otherwise specified.
The melt index of the polylactic acid is 50-100 g/10min.
The output voltage of the corona electret treating machine is 50-100 kV.
The melt blown filter efficiency and air flow resistance were tested according to the GB/T32610-2016 method.
Example 1
(1) 100 parts of tourmaline powder is added into a ball milling tank body, 20 parts of cardanol and zirconia balls with the diameter of 4mm are added for ball milling, the rotational speed of ball milling is controlled to be 300r/min, the ball milling time is 0.5h, and the cardanol modified tourmaline powder is obtained through freeze drying.
(2) 90 parts of polylactic acid, 2 parts of cardanol modified tourmaline powder, 5 parts of cardanol, 2 parts of epoxy cardanol and 1 part of anti-aging agent 4020 are mixed, added into a double-screw extruder, and subjected to melt blending, air cooling, granulating and drying to obtain the modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material. Wherein the extrusion temperature of the twin-screw extruder is 130 ℃, and the screw rotating speed is 200rpm.
(3) Melting the obtained modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material by a single screw extruder, adding into melt-blown equipment, pumping into a spinneret plate by a melt pump, blowing polylactic acid melt extruded from spinneret holes into micron-sized fibers by high-speed air at the spinneret plate temperature of 250 ℃, cooling and bonding the micron-sized fibers into non-woven fabrics by a breathable condensing conveyor belt or a roller, and winding; and (3) making the non-woven fabric, and then discharging the electret through an electrode of a corona discharge device.
Example 2
(1) 100 parts of tourmaline powder is added into a ball milling tank body, 30 parts of cardanol and zirconia balls with the diameter of 4mm are added for ball milling, the rotational speed of ball milling is controlled to be 300r/min, the ball milling time is 0.5h, and the cardanol modified tourmaline powder is obtained through freeze drying.
(2) Mixing 85 parts of polylactic acid, 3 parts of cardanol modified tourmaline powder, 11 parts of epoxy cardanol and 1 part of anti-aging agent 4020, adding into a double-screw extruder, melting and blending, air cooling, granulating and drying to obtain the modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material. Wherein the extrusion temperature of the twin-screw extruder is 130 ℃, and the screw rotating speed is 200rpm.
(3) Melting the obtained modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material by a single screw extruder, adding into melt-blown equipment, pumping into a spinneret plate by a melt pump, blowing polylactic acid melt extruded from spinneret holes into micron-sized fibers by high-speed air at the spinneret plate temperature of 250 ℃, cooling and bonding the micron-sized fibers into non-woven fabrics by a breathable condensing conveyor belt or a roller, and winding; and (3) making the non-woven fabric, and then discharging the electret through an electrode of a corona discharge device.
Example 3
(1) 100 parts of tourmaline powder is added into a ball milling tank body, 20 parts of cardanol and zirconia balls with the diameter of 4mm are added for ball milling, the rotation speed of ball milling is controlled to be 300r/min, the ball milling time is 0.5h, and the cardanol modified tourmaline powder is obtained through freeze drying.
(2) Mixing 95 parts of polylactic acid, 4 parts of cardanol modified tourmaline powder and 1 part of anti-aging agent 4020, adding into a double-screw extruder, and carrying out melt blending, air cooling, granulating and drying to obtain the modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material. Wherein the extrusion temperature of the twin-screw extruder is 130 ℃, and the screw rotating speed is 200rpm.
(3) Melting the obtained modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material by a single screw extruder, adding into melt-blown equipment, pumping into a spinneret plate by a melt pump, blowing polylactic acid melt extruded from spinneret holes into micron-sized fibers by high-speed air at the spinneret plate temperature of 250 ℃, cooling and bonding the micron-sized fibers into non-woven fabrics by a breathable condensing conveyor belt or a roller, and winding; and (3) making the non-woven fabric, and then discharging the electret through an electrode of a corona discharge device.
Comparative example 1
(1) 95 parts of polylactic acid, 4 parts of tourmaline powder (unmodified) and 1 part of anti-aging agent 4020 are mixed and added into a double-screw extruder, and melt blending, air cooling, granulating and drying are carried out to obtain the polylactic acid melt-blown material. The extrusion temperature of the twin-screw extruder was 130℃and the screw speed was 200rpm.
(2) Melting the obtained polylactic acid melt-blown material, adding into melt-blown equipment, pumping into a spinneret plate through a melt pump, blowing polylactic acid melt extruded from spinneret orifices into micron-sized fibers through high-speed air at the spinneret plate temperature of 250 ℃, cooling and bonding the micron-sized fibers to a breathable condensing conveyor belt or a roller to form non-woven fabrics, and winding; and (3) making the non-woven fabric, and then discharging the electret through an electrode of a corona discharge device.
Comparative example 2
(1) Mixing 95 parts of polylactic acid, 4 parts of tourmaline powder (modified by a coupling agent) and 1 part of anti-aging agent 4020, adding into a double-screw extruder, carrying out melt blending, air cooling, granulating and drying to obtain the polylactic acid melt-blown material. The extrusion temperature of the twin-screw extruder was 130℃and the screw speed was 200rpm.
(2) Melting the obtained polylactic acid melt-blown material, adding into melt-blown equipment, pumping into a spinneret plate through a melt pump, blowing polylactic acid melt extruded from spinneret orifices into micron-sized fibers through high-speed air at the spinneret plate temperature of 250 ℃, cooling and bonding the micron-sized fibers to a breathable condensing conveyor belt or a roller to form non-woven fabrics, and winding; and (3) making the non-woven fabric, and then discharging the electret through an electrode of a corona discharge device.
Comparative example 3
(1) Mixing 99 parts of polylactic acid and 1 part of antioxidant 4020, adding into a double-screw extruder, carrying out melt blending, air cooling, granulating and drying to obtain the polylactic acid melt-blown material. The extrusion temperature of the twin-screw extruder was 130℃and the screw speed was 200rpm.
(2) Melting the obtained polylactic acid melt-blown material, adding into melt-blown equipment, pumping into a spinneret plate through a melt pump, blowing polylactic acid melt extruded from spinneret orifices into micron-sized fibers through high-speed air at the spinneret plate temperature of 250 ℃, cooling and bonding the micron-sized fibers to a breathable condensing conveyor belt or a roller to form non-woven fabrics, and winding; and (3) making the non-woven fabric, and then discharging the electret through an electrode of a corona discharge device.
Table 1 comparison of performance tests of nonwoven fabrics prepared in examples and comparative examples
As can be seen from table 1, in examples 1, 2 and 3, the filtration efficiency of the nonwoven fabric prepared from the modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material was continuously improved due to the improvement of the static electricity generation and holding ability thereof with the improvement of the added amount of cardanol modified tourmaline powder.
Under the same conditions of other process formulas, compared with comparative examples 1, 2 and 3 (all of comparative examples 1, 2 and 3 do not use the cardanol modified tourmaline powder prepared by the invention), the modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown materials obtained in examples 1, 2 and 3 have improved filtration efficiency and reduced airflow resistance.
With the addition of the cardanol plasticizer (no cardanol plasticizer was added in example 3, 7 parts of cardanol plasticizer in example 1, 11 parts of cardanol plasticizer in example 2), the elongation at break of the nonwoven fabric prepared from the melt-blown materials obtained in examples 3, 1 and 2 was significantly increased in sequence.
In addition, although the cardanol plasticizer was not added in example 3, it was found that the cardanol modified tourmaline provided by the present invention was used as the raw material in example 3, and the elongation at break was improved by 3 to 5 times as compared with comparative examples 1, 2 and 3 under the same process conditions, as compared with comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, which also showed that the material had a good toughening effect on the polylactic acid matrix.
Claims (5)
1. The modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 85-95 parts of polylactic acid, 2-5 parts of cardanol modified tourmaline powder, 0-15 parts of cardanol plasticizer and 0.5-2 parts of anti-aging agent, wherein the cardanol plasticizer is one or a combination of two of cardanol and epoxy cardanol;
the cardanol modified tourmaline powder is prepared by the following method: adding tourmaline powder into a ball milling tank body, adding cardanol and zirconia balls, wherein the mass ratio of the tourmaline powder to the cardanol is 100:20-40, and performing ball milling and freeze drying to obtain the cardanol modified tourmaline powder.
2. The modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material according to claim 1, wherein the rotation speed of ball milling is controlled to be 300-500 r/min, and the ball milling time is controlled to be 0.5-2 h.
3. The modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material according to claim 1, wherein the melt index of the polylactic acid is 50-100 g/10min.
4. The method for preparing the modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which is characterized in that polylactic acid, cardanol modified tourmaline powder, cardanol plasticizer and an anti-aging agent are mixed according to the weight proportion, and the obtained mixture is subjected to melt extrusion by a screw extruder, air cooling, granulating and drying to obtain the modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material.
5. The use of the modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material according to any one of claims 1 to 3 in the preparation of melt-blown cloth.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211400120.1A CN115537964B (en) | 2022-11-09 | 2022-11-09 | Modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN202211400120.1A CN115537964B (en) | 2022-11-09 | 2022-11-09 | Modified tourmaline polylactic acid melt-blown material and preparation method and application thereof |
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| CN115537964B true CN115537964B (en) | 2023-09-15 |
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| CN103061038A (en) * | 2012-12-14 | 2013-04-24 | 浙江理工大学 | Tourmaline electret polylactic acid melt-blown non-woven cloth and manufacture method |
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| CN115058103A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-09-16 | 北京工商大学 | Preparation of epoxy cardanol-based chain extender modified PBAT-PLA composite membrane |
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2022
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