CN115537940B - Melt-melt electrostatic spinning trans-scale composite yarn preparation device and method - Google Patents

Melt-melt electrostatic spinning trans-scale composite yarn preparation device and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115537940B
CN115537940B CN202211247208.4A CN202211247208A CN115537940B CN 115537940 B CN115537940 B CN 115537940B CN 202211247208 A CN202211247208 A CN 202211247208A CN 115537940 B CN115537940 B CN 115537940B
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melt
storage tank
liquid storage
air
solution
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CN115537940A (en
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杨卫民
王宇航
谭晶
张翔
徐锦龙
李好义
王玉萍
丁玉梅
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Jiangsu New Vision Advanced Functional Fiber Innovation Center Co ltd
Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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Jiangsu New Vision Advanced Functional Fiber Innovation Center Co ltd
Beijing University of Chemical Technology
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    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/0007Electro-spinning
    • D01D5/0061Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/0007Electro-spinning
    • D01D5/0015Electro-spinning characterised by the initial state of the material
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D01NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
    • D01DMECHANICAL METHODS OR APPARATUS IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS
    • D01D5/00Formation of filaments, threads, or the like
    • D01D5/0007Electro-spinning
    • D01D5/0061Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus
    • D01D5/0069Electro-spinning characterised by the electro-spinning apparatus characterised by the spinning section, e.g. capillary tube, protrusion or pin

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for preparing melt-melt electrostatic spinning cross-scale composite yarns. The extruder nozzle produces melt electrospun fibers in an annular distribution under a high voltage electrostatic field. The liquid storage tank is arranged right below the spray head, an annular string wire is arranged in the liquid storage tank, and the string wire is positioned at a position 0.1-0.5cm below the surface of the spinning solution in the liquid storage tank. The distance between the upper end surface of the air duct and the chord wire is 1cm to 3cm. The air bubble generated by the air pump drives the string wire to vibrate up and down so that the string wire forms a plurality of tips with concentrated charges under an electrostatic field, and the combination of the air bubble and the string wire greatly improves the yield of the solution electrospun fiber.

Description

Melt-melt electrostatic spinning trans-scale composite yarn preparation device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to a melt-solvent electrostatic spinning trans-scale composite yarn preparation device and method, and belongs to the field of electrostatic spinning.
Background
The electrostatic spinning technology can continuously prepare the superfine fiber with high specific surface area, so that the electrostatic spinning technology is widely applied to the fields of medical and health protection, energy environmental protection, aerospace, biological medicine and the like. The electric spinning yarn has the advantages of high specific surface area and the like due to anisotropy and stable structure, can be connected with a subsequent spinning process, becomes a main material for electric spinning field research, and is applied to the fields of operation suture lines, energy storage, sensing, tissue engineering brackets and the like. The electrospinning yarn is classified into a solution electrospinning yarn and a melt electrospinning yarn. The fiber in the solution electrospun yarn is finer, the fiber diameter is mostly between 100nm and 1000nm, the fiber pores are mostly within 1 mu m, and the solution electrospun yarn is commonly used for spinning polymers such as polyacrylonitrile, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyurethane, silk fibroin and the like, but the surface of the fiber has micropore defects due to solvent phase separation, and the strength of single fiber is lower. The melt electrospun yarn has relatively coarse fiber fineness, fiber diameter of 300-5000 nm and some high viscosity material with diameter as high as tens microns, but has smooth fiber surface and high fiber strength, and is used in spinning polylactic acid, polypropylene, polyethylene, polycaprolactone and other polymer. The melt electrospinning technology and the solution electrospinning technology are combined to prepare the melt-solution electrospinning trans-scale composite yarn, so that the structural characteristics of the melt electrospinning fiber and the solution electrospinning fiber can be fully integrated, the material and performance advantages can be effectively overcome, the disadvantages of the melt electrospinning fiber and the solution electrospinning fiber can be effectively overcome, the structural superiority of the spinning yarn can be brought into play, and the melt electrospinning cross-scale composite yarn has great application potential in biomedicine, intelligent textiles, functional textiles and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention designs a melt-melt electrostatic spinning trans-scale composite yarn preparation device, which utilizes an annular conical surface nozzle to prepare melt-melt electrostatic spinning fibers, utilizes a bubble to drive a string to realize solution electrospinning of bubble-string waves, and utilizes cyclone traction to twist the fibers to realize controllable preparation of the melt-melt electrostatic spinning trans-scale composite yarns.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a device for preparing melt-melt electrostatic spinning cross-scale composite yarns comprises a bracket, an extruder, a splitter plate, an annular conical surface nozzle, an air suction pipe, a roller, a high-voltage electrostatic generator, an electrode plate bracket, an electrode plate, a liquid storage tank, a main air pipe, an air guide pipe, an air pump, an air suction pipe bracket, a chord wire and a copper column. The extruder is located the support top, and the flow distribution plate is connected to the exit end, and annular conical surface shower nozzle is connected to the lower extreme of flow distribution plate, and the shower nozzle can produce the melt electrospun fiber of annular distribution under high-voltage static field. The liquid storage tank is arranged right below the spray head, annular string wires are arranged in the liquid storage tank, guitar strings with good elasticity are adopted as the string wires, and the material is phosphor bronze and other materials with good conductivity and elasticity. The annular string wire is welded and fixed by four copper columns. The chord wire is positioned at a position 0.1-0.5cm below the surface of the spinning solution in the liquid storage tank. The material of the liquid storage tank is non-conductive plastic. Four holes are arranged at the bottom of the liquid storage tank and are penetrated by the air duct. The air duct is made of conductive metal material, and the distance between the upper end surface of the air duct and the chord wire is 1 cm to 3cm. The electrode plate is positioned at the bottom of the liquid storage tank, is arranged on the electrode plate bracket, is connected with the copper column through a lead, is also provided with four holes for the air duct to pass through, and is in interference fit with the air duct to fix the air duct. The distance between the electrode plate and the lower end face of the annular conical surface nozzle is 7-10cm. The high-voltage static generator supplies high-voltage static to the electrode plate, so that the string wire and the air duct are simultaneously provided with high-voltage static. The air duct is connected with the air pump through a main air duct which is not conductive. The air generated by the air pump enters the spinning solution in the liquid storage tank through the air duct to form bubbles, the bubbles drive the string wires to vibrate up and down, so that the string wires form a plurality of tips with concentrated charges under the static field, and the solution at the bubbles and the solution carried out by the vibrating string wires are stretched into solution electrospun fibers under the electric field. And an air suction pipe is arranged on the side surfaces of the annular conical surface spray head and the liquid storage tank, cyclone can be generated in the air suction pipe to twist fibers, and negative pressure generated by the cyclone can pull the fibers. The air suction pipe is fixed on the air suction pipe bracket. A roller is arranged at one side of the outlet end of the air suction pipe and used for collecting yarns.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a melt-dissolved electrostatic spinning trans-scale composite yarn preparation device, which comprises the following steps: in the first step, a proper amount of spinning solution is added into a liquid storage tank until the spinning solution is 0.1-0.5cm over the surface of the string, and a polymer raw material is added into an extruder. Secondly, starting the extruder, and starting the high-voltage electrostatic generator after the melt is uniformly distributed on the conical tip of the annular conical nozzle, so as to generate melt electrospun fibers uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction on the annular differential nozzle. And thirdly, starting an air pump, forming bubbles in a liquid storage tank by air generated by the air pump, driving the chord wire to vibrate up and down, and preparing the solution electrospun fiber sprayed upwards by the bubbles and the chord wire in the liquid storage tank under a high-voltage electrostatic field. And fourthly, drawing the melt electrospun fiber and the solution electrospun fiber with different charges through an air suction pipe by using a metal rod, starting the air suction pipe, drawing the fiber by using negative pressure generated by cyclone, twisting the fiber into yarn, and collecting the yarn by a roller to prepare the melt-solution electrospun trans-scale composite yarn.
The melt-dissolved electrostatic spinning trans-scale composite yarn preparation device and the method have the advantages that: 1. the melt electrospun fiber produced by the annular conical surface spray head is uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the fiber preparation process is continuous and stable, the fiber strength is high, and the fiber surface is defect-free. 2. The solution electrospinning system drives the string wires to vibrate by using bubbles, the bubbles break after rising to the surface of the spinning solution, the solution at the bubbles is stretched into fibers under an electric field, and meanwhile, the vibration of the string wires can spontaneously form a plurality of tips to generate charge concentration, so that solution electrospinning fibers are generated, and the yield of the solution electrospinning fibers is greatly improved by combining the bubbles and the string wires. 3. Positive charges are accumulated on the chord wire, negative charges are accumulated on the annular conical surface nozzle under the action of electrostatic induction, the electrode plate, the chord wire and the annular conical surface nozzle jointly form an electric field, and the strength of the electric field can be controlled through the distance between the chord wire and the annular conical surface nozzle. The positive and negative charges on the electrospun fibers are the same as the charges on the corresponding chord filaments and the annular conical surface spray head. The downward melt electrospun fiber generated by the annular conical surface nozzle and the upward sprayed solution electrospun fiber generated by the bubble-string wire are attracted to each other under the action of coulomb force, so that the bundling of the fibers is facilitated. 4. The melt-melt electrospinning trans-scale composite yarn combines the advantages of small fineness of solution electrospinning fibers and high strength of melt electrospinning fibers, and has a multi-scale structure and excellent mechanical strength.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a melt-spun cross-scale composite yarn manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a bubble-sine wave solution electrospinning process of a melt-dissolved electrospinning trans-scale composite yarn preparation device of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bubble-sine wave solution electrospinning device for preparing a melt-dissolved electrospinning cross-scale composite yarn according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a bracket; 2-an extruder; 3-a splitter plate; 4-annular conical spray head; 5-melt electrospinning the fibers; 6, an air suction pipe; 7-a composite yarn; 8-a roller; 9-a high voltage electrostatic generator; 10-electrode plate bracket; 11-electrode plate; 12-a liquid storage tank; 13-main air pipe; 14-an air duct; 15-an air pump; 16-solution electrospinning fibers; 17-an air suction pipe bracket; 18-air bubbles; 19-chord wire; 20-copper columns.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.
The invention relates to a preparation device of melt-melt electrostatic spinning trans-scale composite yarns, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises a bracket 1, an extruder 2, a splitter plate 3, an annular conical surface nozzle 4, an air suction pipe 6, a roller 8, a high-voltage electrostatic generator 9, an electrode plate bracket 10, an electrode plate 11, a liquid storage tank 12, a main air pipe 13, an air guide pipe 14, an air pump 15, an air suction pipe bracket 17, a string wire 19 and a copper column 20. The extruder 2 is positioned above the bracket 1, the outlet end is connected with the splitter plate 3, the lower end of the splitter plate 3 is connected with the annular conical surface spray head 4, and the spray head 4 can generate melt electrospun fibers 5 in annular distribution under a high-voltage electrostatic field. The liquid storage tank 12 is arranged right below the spray head 4, an annular string wire 19 is arranged in the liquid storage tank 12, and the string wire 19 adopts strings with better elasticity, such as guitar strings, and is made of phosphor bronze and other materials with excellent conductivity and elasticity. The annular string wire 19 is welded and fixed by four copper posts 20. The chord wire 19 is positioned 0.1-0.5cm below the surface of the spinning solution in the liquid storage tank 12. The reservoir 12 material is a non-conductive plastic. The bottom of the liquid storage tank 12 is provided with four holes which are penetrated by an air guide pipe 14. The air duct 14 is made of conductive metal material, the main air duct 13 is communicated with a plurality of air ducts 14, and the distance between the upper end surface of the air duct 14 and the chord wire 19 is 1 cm to 3cm, as shown in fig. 2 and 3. The electrode plate 11 is positioned at the bottom of the liquid storage tank 12, is arranged on the electrode plate bracket 10, is connected with the copper column 20 through a lead, is also provided with four holes for the air duct 14 to pass through, and is in interference fit with the air duct 14 to fix the air duct 14. The distance between the electrode plate 11 and the lower end surface of the annular conical surface nozzle 4 is 7-10 cm. The high-voltage static electricity generator 9 supplies high-voltage static electricity to the electrode plate 11, so that the string wire 19 and the air duct 14 are simultaneously provided with high-voltage static electricity. The air duct 14 is connected to the air pump 15 via a main air duct 13 which is not electrically conductive. The air generated by the air pump 15 enters the spinning solution in the liquid storage tank 12 through the air duct 14 to form air bubbles 18, the air bubbles 18 drive the string wires 19 to vibrate up and down so that the string wires form a plurality of tips capable of concentrating charges under an electrostatic field, and the solution at the air bubbles 18 and the solution brought out by the vibrating string wires 19 are stretched into solution electrospun fibers 16 under the electric field. On the side surfaces of the annular conical surface spray head 4 and the liquid storage tank 12, an air suction pipe 6 is arranged, cyclone can be generated in the air suction pipe 6 to twist fibers, and negative pressure generated by the cyclone can pull the fibers. The aspiration channel 6 is fixed on the aspiration channel support 17. On the side of the outlet end of the suction pipe 6, a roller 8 is placed for collecting the yarn 7.
The invention relates to a preparation method of a melt-dissolved electrostatic spinning trans-scale composite yarn preparation device, which comprises the following steps: in the first step, a proper amount of spinning solution is added to the reservoir 12 until the spinning solution reaches 0.1 to 0.5cm over the surface of the string 19, and the polymer raw material is added to the extruder 2. Secondly, starting the extruder 2, and starting the high-voltage electrostatic generator 9 after the melt is uniformly distributed on the conical tip of the annular conical nozzle 4, wherein the annular differential nozzle 4 is provided with melt electrospun fibers 5 uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction. And thirdly, starting the air pump 15, forming air bubbles 18 in the liquid storage tank 12 by air generated by the air pump 15, driving the chord wires 19 to vibrate up and down, and preparing the solution electrospun fibers 16 sprayed upwards by the air bubbles 18 and the chord wires 19 in the liquid storage tank 12 under a high-voltage electrostatic field. And fourthly, drawing the melt electrospun fiber 5 and the solution electrospun fiber 16 with different charges through an air suction pipe 6 by using a metal rod, starting the air suction pipe 6, drawing the fiber by using negative pressure generated by cyclone, twisting the fiber into yarn 7, and collecting the yarn by a roller 8 to prepare the melt-solution electrospun trans-scale composite yarn 7.

Claims (3)

1. A melt-dissolved electrostatic spinning trans-scale composite yarn preparation device is characterized in that: the device consists of a bracket, an extruder, a splitter plate, an annular conical surface spray head, an air suction pipe, a roller, a high-voltage electrostatic generator, an electrode plate bracket, an electrode plate, a liquid storage tank, a main air pipe, an air guide pipe, an air pump, an air suction pipe bracket, a string wire and a copper column, wherein the extruder is positioned above the bracket, the outlet end of the extruder is connected with the splitter plate, the lower end of the splitter plate is connected with the annular conical surface spray head, and the spray head can generate melt electrospun fibers in annular distribution under a high-voltage electrostatic field; a liquid storage tank is arranged right below the spray head, an annular string wire is arranged in the liquid storage tank, and the annular string wire is welded and fixed by four copper columns; the chord wire is positioned at a position 0.1-0.5cm below the surface of the spinning solution in the liquid storage tank, the material of the liquid storage tank is non-conductive plastic, and four holes are formed in the bottom of the liquid storage tank and are penetrated by the air duct; the air duct is made of conductive metal material, and the distance between the upper end surface of the air duct and the chord wire is 1 cm to 3cm; the electrode plate is positioned at the bottom of the liquid storage tank, is arranged on the electrode plate bracket, is connected with the copper column through a lead, is also provided with four holes for the air duct to pass through, and is in interference fit with the air duct to fix the air duct; the distance between the electrode plate and the lower end surface of the annular conical surface spray head is 7-10cm, the high-voltage static generator supplies high-voltage static to the electrode plate, so that the chord wire and the air duct are simultaneously provided with high-voltage static, the air duct is connected with the air pump through the non-conductive main air duct, air generated by the air pump enters the spinning solution in the liquid storage tank through the air duct to form bubbles, the bubbles drive the chord wire to vibrate up and down to enable the chord wire to form a plurality of tips with concentrated charges under the static field, and the solution at the bubbles and the solution carried out by the vibrating chord wire are stretched into solution electrospun fibers under the electric field; placing an air suction pipe on the side surfaces of the annular conical surface spray head and the liquid storage tank, wherein whirlwind is generated in the air suction pipe to twist fibers, and negative pressure generated by the whirlwind pulls the fibers; the air suction pipe is fixed on the air suction pipe support, and a roller is arranged at one side of the outlet end of the air suction pipe and used for collecting yarns.
2. The melt-dissolved electrospinning trans-scale composite yarn preparing device of claim 1, wherein: the guitar strings with better elasticity are adopted as the string wires, and the material is phosphor bronze and has excellent conductivity and elasticity.
3. A method for preparing a melt-melt electrospinning trans-scale composite yarn, which adopts the melt-melt electrospinning trans-scale composite yarn preparation device as claimed in claim 1, and is characterized in that: firstly, adding a proper amount of spinning solution into a liquid storage tank until the spinning solution is 0.1-0.5cm over the surface of the string, and adding polymer raw materials into an extruder; secondly, starting the extruder, and starting a high-voltage electrostatic generator after the melt is uniformly distributed on the conical tip of the annular conical nozzle, wherein melt electrospun fibers uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction are generated on the annular differential nozzle; thirdly, starting an air pump, forming bubbles in a liquid storage tank by air generated by the air pump, driving a string wire to vibrate up and down, and preparing the solution electrospun fiber sprayed upwards by the bubbles and the string wire in the liquid storage tank under a high-voltage electrostatic field; and fourthly, drawing the melt electrospun fiber and the solution electrospun fiber with different charges through an air suction pipe by using a metal rod, starting the air suction pipe, drawing the fiber by using negative pressure generated by cyclone, twisting the fiber into yarn, and collecting the yarn by a roller to prepare the melt-solution electrospun trans-scale composite yarn.
CN202211247208.4A 2022-10-12 2022-10-12 Melt-melt electrostatic spinning trans-scale composite yarn preparation device and method Active CN115537940B (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103993370A (en) * 2014-05-08 2014-08-20 北京化工大学 String type electrostatic spinning device and method
CN104088022A (en) * 2014-07-02 2014-10-08 北京化工大学 Combination electrostatic spinning device and method for preparing multi-stage ultrafine fiber
CN211947308U (en) * 2020-03-19 2020-11-17 苏州大学 Bubble electrostatic spinning device for preparing nanofiber yarn

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2494277A (en) * 2011-08-29 2013-03-06 Univ Heriot Watt Electro-spinning nanofibres onto a moving wire card

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103993370A (en) * 2014-05-08 2014-08-20 北京化工大学 String type electrostatic spinning device and method
CN104088022A (en) * 2014-07-02 2014-10-08 北京化工大学 Combination electrostatic spinning device and method for preparing multi-stage ultrafine fiber
CN211947308U (en) * 2020-03-19 2020-11-17 苏州大学 Bubble electrostatic spinning device for preparing nanofiber yarn

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