CN115537704B - Preparation method of explosion-sprayed nickel-based lubricating coating - Google Patents
Preparation method of explosion-sprayed nickel-based lubricating coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN115537704B CN115537704B CN202211217464.9A CN202211217464A CN115537704B CN 115537704 B CN115537704 B CN 115537704B CN 202211217464 A CN202211217464 A CN 202211217464A CN 115537704 B CN115537704 B CN 115537704B
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- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 230000001050 lubricating effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 64
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004506 ultrasonic cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propane Chemical compound CCC ATUOYWHBWRKTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 28
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-acetylene Natural products C#C HSFWRNGVRCDJHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000002534 ethynyl group Chemical group [H]C#C* 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- OBOXTJCIIVUZEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[O] Chemical compound [C].[O] OBOXTJCIIVUZEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010963 304 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000589 SAE 304 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000816 inconels 718 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052727 yttrium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003685 thermal hair damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromium trioxide Chemical compound O=[Cr]O[Cr]=O QDOXWKRWXJOMAK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- AZUYLZMQTIKGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[6-[4-(5-chloro-6-methyl-1H-indazol-4-yl)-5-methyl-3-(1-methylindazol-5-yl)pyrazol-1-yl]-2-azaspiro[3.3]heptan-2-yl]prop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound ClC=1C(=C2C=NNC2=CC=1C)C=1C(=NN(C=1C)C1CC2(CN(C2)C(C=C)=O)C1)C=1C=C2C=NN(C2=CC=1)C AZUYLZMQTIKGSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004261 CaF 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004026 adhesive bonding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001632 barium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004372 laser cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001000 micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000386 microscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007751 thermal spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/12—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the method of spraying
- C23C4/126—Detonation spraying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/073—Metallic material containing MCrAl or MCrAlY alloys, where M is nickel, cobalt or iron, with or without non-metal elements
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a preparation method of an explosion spraying nickel-based lubricating coating, which comprises the following steps: ⑴ Pretreatment of a matrix: performing oxidation and roughening treatment on the surface of a metal matrix or a sample by adopting a high-pressure sand blasting process, and performing ultrasonic cleaning and drying in an alcohol solution to obtain a pretreated matrix; ⑵ Preparing spraying composite powder: uniformly mixing 80-95 wt.% of spherical NiCrAlY powder and 5-20 wt.% of lubricant spherical silver powder in a low-energy ball mill to obtain spray composite powder; ⑶ Preparing a coating: spraying spherical NiCrAlY powder on the surface of the pretreated substrate by using an explosion spraying technology to obtain a NiCrAlY transition layer; and then spraying the spraying composite powder on the NiCrAlY transition layer to obtain the NiCrAlY-Ag lubricating coating. The invention has the advantages of simple equipment, controllable process and low cost, the bonding strength between the prepared nickel-based lubricating coating and the metal matrix is more than 40 MPa, the lubricating performance is excellent at the room temperature to 300 ℃, and the invention has important application prospect in the aspect of lubricating and wear resistance of the surfaces of shaft parts.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal surface treatment, in particular to a preparation method of an explosion spraying nickel-based lubricating coating.
Background
The solid lubricating coating material is an important way for solving the high-temperature friction and abrasion of mechanical parts of high-end equipment in the fields of aerospace, nuclear energy and the like. Developed countries such as European America and the like are in international leading level in development and development of solid lubricating coating material technology, the American aviation and aerospace company research center in the last century takes nickel alloy as a matrix phase, ag+CaF 2/BaF2 is a composite lubricating phase, cr 3C2/Cr2O3 is a reinforced wear-resistant phase, a PS series nickel-based lubricating coating is developed creatively, and the PS series nickel-based lubricating coating is successfully applied to parts such as a spacecraft oscillating bearing, an air bearing and the like, so that the lubricating and wear-resistant technical problems (NASA/TM-2010-216774) in a wide temperature range from room temperature to 650 ℃ are realized. In China, researches on nickel-based solid lubricating coatings are carried out by scientific research institutions and scholars in the last twenty years, a great deal of effective work is carried out in the aspects of preparation process diversification (spraying and laser cladding) and collaborative lubricating design diversification, but the performance of the nickel-based solid lubricating coatings has some problems, and the problems are mainly characterized by low binding force of the coating base and poor lubricating and wear-resisting performances.
The excellent spray preparation technology and process are a key element for ensuring that the solid lubrication wear-resistant coating has a good tissue structure and excellent performance. The thermal spraying technology such as supersonic flame spraying and plasma spraying is the most common coating preparation method at present, but the prepared coatings have the defects of low bonding strength, easy peeling, high porosity, insufficient wear resistance, high thermal damage to a substrate in the spraying process and the like. Compared with the method, the explosion spraying technology utilizes the energy of the impact wave generated by the explosion of the combustible gas to accelerate and heat the powder to be sprayed, bombard the surface of the sprayed matrix to form a coating, and the prepared coating has more advantages in the aspects of layer-base binding force, compactness and wear resistance; meanwhile, the workpiece is small in thermal damage in the preparation process, the size and shape of the workpiece are not limited, and the type of the material capable of being sprayed covers a multi-material system such as metal, ceramic and the like. However, no related literature reports on explosion spraying technology for preparing nickel-based lubricating coatings.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of an explosion spraying nickel-based lubricating coating with low cost and good coating performance.
In order to solve the problems, the preparation method of the explosion spraying nickel-based lubricating coating comprises the following steps:
⑴ Pretreatment of a matrix:
performing oxidation and roughening treatment on the surface of a metal matrix or a sample by adopting a high-pressure sand blasting process, and performing ultrasonic cleaning and drying in an alcohol solution to obtain a pretreated matrix;
⑵ Preparing spraying composite powder:
uniformly mixing 80-95 wt.% of spherical NiCrAlY powder and 5-20 wt.% of lubricant spherical silver powder in a low-energy ball mill to obtain spray composite powder;
⑶ Preparing a coating:
spraying spherical NiCrAlY powder on the surface of the pretreated substrate by using an explosion spraying technology to obtain a NiCrAlY transition layer; and then spraying the spraying composite powder on the NiCrAlY transition layer to obtain the NiCrAlY-Ag lubricating coating.
The metal matrix or the sample in the step ⑴ is made of one of 304 stainless steel, GH4169 nickel-based superalloy, TC4 titanium alloy and Inconel 718 alloy.
The pressure of compressed air in the high-pressure sand blasting process in the step ⑴ is 0.6-0.8 MPa, and the grain size of the alumina sand is 40-100 mu m.
The particle size of the spherical NiCrAlY powder in the step ⑵ is 20-60 microns, and the spherical NiCrAlY powder comprises 20-22 wt.% Cr, 10-12 wt.% Al, 1-1.5 wt.% Y and 64.5-79 wt.% Ni.
The purity of the spherical silver powder in the step ⑵ is 99.99 percent, and the granularity is below 48 mu m.
The rotating speed of the low-energy ball mill in the step ⑵ is controlled to be 150-200 r/min, the ball-material ratio is 1:2-1:5, and the time is 2-5 h.
The explosion spraying process in the step ⑶ means that the fuel is acetylene and propane, the combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, and the carrier gas is nitrogen; the pressure range of the acetylene inlet is 1.35-1.45 bar, and the air inlet time is 4-90 ms; the pressure range of the propane inlet is 1.8 bar, and the air inlet time is 4-55 ms; the oxygen is divided into two paths, and the air inlet time is respectively 3-70 ms and 3-90 ms; the filling ratio of the fuel gas to the oxygen is 42% -61%, and the oxygen-carbon ratio is 1.015:1-1.945:1; the pressure range of the nitrogen inlet is 1.80-2.20 bar, and the air inlet time is 95-250 ms; the powder feeding time is 50-105 ms; the spraying distance (the distance from the muzzle to the surface of the sample) is 200-250 mm; the explosion frequency is controlled to be 4-5 times/second.
The front gun barrel used for explosion spraying is a horn-shaped gun barrel, the inner diameter of the rear end is 18mm, and the inner diameter of the front end is 27 mm.
The thickness of the NiCrAlY transition layer in the step ⑶ is 70-100 mu m; the thickness of the NiCrAlY-Ag lubricating coating is 200-500 mu m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. Compared with plasma spraying and supersonic spraying technologies, the invention adopts an explosion spraying technology to spray, wherein the explosion spraying is in an intermittent working mode, the frequency is controlled to be 4-5 times/second, and the thermal damage to a substrate or a part is very small.
2. According to the invention, acetylene and propane are used as fuel, and the flight speed of the spray powder is high by regulating and controlling the gun charging ratio of the acetylene and the propane, so that the oxidation of the metal powder and the burning loss of low-temperature elements can be reduced, and a high-density coating which is incomparable with other spray modes is obtained.
3. The invention has simple equipment, controllable process and low cost, and can prepare the surface coating of large-size and complex parts.
4. The nickel-based lubricating coating prepared by the method has uniform components, the thickness of the coating is 200-500 mu m, the bonding strength between the nickel-based lubricating coating and a metal matrix is more than 40 MPa, the friction coefficient between room temperature and 300 ℃ is lower than or equal to 0.3, and the nickel-based lubricating coating has important application prospect in the aspect of lubricating and wear resistance of the surfaces of shaft parts.
Drawings
The following describes the embodiments of the present invention in further detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional electron microscope image of a nickel-based lubricating coating prepared in example 1 of the present invention. Wherein: a an electronic diagram; b is an Fe element distribution diagram; c is a Ni element distribution diagram; d is a Cr element distribution diagram; e is an Al element distribution diagram; f is the Ag element distribution diagram.
FIG. 2 is a sample of a nickel-based coated bearing prepared in example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
A preparation method of an explosion spraying nickel-based lubricating coating comprises the following steps:
⑴ Pretreatment of a matrix:
And (3) performing oxidation and roughening treatment on the surface of the metal matrix or the sample by adopting a high-pressure sand blasting process, wherein the pressure of compressed air is 0.6-0.8 MPa, and the grain size of the alumina sand is 40-100 mu m. After treatment, ultrasonic cleaning and drying are carried out in alcohol solution, thus obtaining the pretreated matrix.
Wherein: the metal matrix or the sample piece is made of one of 304 stainless steel, GH4169 nickel-based superalloy, TC4 titanium alloy and Inconel 718 alloy.
⑵ Preparing spraying composite powder:
And (3) placing 80-95 wt.% of spherical NiCrAlY powder and 5-20 wt.% of lubricant spherical silver powder into a low-energy ball mill for mixing, wherein the rotating speed is controlled to be 150-200 r/min, the ball-material ratio is 1:2-1:5, and the time is 2-5 h. And mixing uniformly to obtain the spray composite powder.
Wherein: the particle size of the spherical NiCrAlY powder is 20-60 mu m, and the spherical NiCrAlY powder comprises 20-22 wt.% Cr, 10-12 wt.% Al, 1-1.5 wt.% Y and 64.5-79 wt.% Ni.
The purity of the spherical silver powder is 99.99 percent, and the granularity is less than 48 mu m.
⑶ Preparing a coating:
Spraying spherical NiCrAlY powder on the surface of the pretreated substrate by using an explosion spraying technology to obtain a NiCrAlY transition layer with the thickness of 70-100 mu m; and then spraying the spraying composite powder on the NiCrAlY transition layer to obtain the NiCrAlY-Ag lubrication coating with the thickness of 200-500 mu m.
Wherein: the explosion spraying process refers to the process that the fuel is acetylene and propane, the combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, and the carrier gas is nitrogen; the pressure range of the acetylene inlet is 1.35-1.45 bar, and the air inlet time is 4-90 ms; the pressure range of the propane inlet is 1.8 bar, and the air inlet time is 4-55 ms; the oxygen is divided into two paths, and the air inlet time is respectively 3-70 ms and 3-90 ms; the filling ratio of the fuel gas to the oxygen is 42% -61%, and the oxygen-carbon ratio is 1.015:1-1.945:1; the pressure range of the nitrogen inlet is 1.80-2.20 bar, and the air inlet time is 95-250 ms; the powder feeding time is 50-105 ms; the spraying distance (the distance from the muzzle to the surface of the sample) is 200-250 mm; the explosion frequency is controlled to be 4-5 times/second.
The front gun barrel used for explosion spraying is a horn-shaped gun barrel, the inner diameter of the rear end is 18mm, and the inner diameter of the front end is 27 mm.
Example 1a method of preparing an explosion sprayed nickel-based lubricious coating comprising the steps of:
⑴ Pretreatment of a matrix:
And (3) performing oxidation and roughening treatment on the surface of the 304 stainless steel block matrix by adopting a high-pressure sand blasting process, wherein the pressure of compressed air is 0.6-0.8 MPa, and the grain size of the alumina sand is 100 mu m. After treatment, ultrasonic cleaning and drying are carried out in alcohol solution, thus obtaining the pretreated matrix.
⑵ Preparing spraying composite powder:
85g of spherical NiCrAlY powder and 15g of lubricant spherical silver powder are put into a low-energy ball mill to be mixed, the rotating speed is controlled at 200 r/min, and the ball-to-material ratio is 1:2, time 2 h. And mixing uniformly to obtain 100g of spraying composite powder.
⑶ Preparing a coating:
Firstly, spraying spherical NiCrAlY powder on the surface of a pretreated substrate by using a CCDS2000 explosion spraying technology to obtain a NiCrAlY transition layer with the thickness of 70 mu m; and then spraying the spraying composite powder on the NiCrAlY transition layer to obtain the NiCrAlY-Ag lubrication coating with the thickness of 230 mu m.
Wherein: the explosion spraying process refers to the process that the fuel is acetylene and propane, the combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, and the carrier gas is nitrogen; the pressure range of the acetylene inlet is 1.35-1.45 bar, and the air inlet time is 4-60 ms; the pressure range of the propane inlet is 1.8 bar, and the air inlet time is 4-45 ms; the oxygen is divided into two paths, and the air inlet time is respectively 3-50 ms and 3-64 ms; the filling ratio of the fuel gas to the oxygen is 43 percent, and the oxygen-carbon ratio is 1.015:1; the pressure range of the nitrogen inlet is 1.80-2.20 bar, and the air inlet time is 95-199 ms; the powder feeding time is 50-105 ms; the spraying distance (the distance from the muzzle to the surface of the sample) is 250 mm; the explosion frequency was controlled at 5 times/second.
The composition and thickness of the resulting nickel-based lubricious coating was characterized using SEM microscopy as shown in figure 1. From the figure, it can be seen that: the total thickness of the coating is about 300 mu m, the thickness of the transition layer is about 70 mu m, and the thickness of the composite layer is about 230 mu m; ni, cr, al, ag elements are uniformly distributed in the coating.
The bonding strength of the nickel-based lubricating coating obtained by the gluing method is more than 44 MPa.
The lubricating properties of the resulting nickel-based lubricating coatings were characterized using an HT-1000 frictional wear tester at room temperature to 300 ℃. The friction condition is nickel-based lubrication coating-GH 4169 alloy bolt, speed is 0.2 m/s, and load is 10N. The test results are shown in Table 1.
TABLE 1
As can be seen from Table 1, the coefficient of friction of the coating from room temperature to 300 ℃ is less than or equal to 0.3.
Example 2a method of preparing an explosion sprayed nickel-based lubricious coating comprising the steps of:
⑴ Pretreatment of a matrix:
and (3) carrying out the oxidation and roughening treatment on the surface of the 304 stainless steel block or the bearing sample by adopting a high-pressure sand blasting process, wherein the pressure of compressed air is 0.6-0.8 MPa, and the grain size of the used alumina sand is 60 mu m. After treatment, ultrasonic cleaning and drying are carried out in alcohol solution, thus obtaining the pretreated matrix.
⑵ Preparing spraying composite powder:
90g of spherical NiCrAlY powder and 10g of lubricant spherical silver powder are placed into a low-energy ball mill to be mixed, the rotating speed is controlled at 180 r/min, the ball-to-material ratio is 1:2, and the time is 3 h. And mixing uniformly to obtain 100g of spraying composite powder.
⑶ Preparing a coating:
firstly, spraying spherical NiCrAlY powder on the surface of a pretreated substrate by using a CCDS2000 explosion spraying technology to obtain a NiCrAlY transition layer with the thickness of 100 mu m; and then spraying the spraying composite powder on the NiCrAlY transition layer to obtain the NiCrAlY-Ag lubrication coating (shown in figure 2) with the thickness of 250 mu m.
Wherein: the explosion spraying process refers to the process that the fuel is acetylene and propane, the combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, and the carrier gas is nitrogen; the pressure range of the acetylene inlet is 1.35-1.45 bar, and the air inlet time is 4-88 ms; the pressure range of the propane inlet is 1.8 bar, and the air inlet time is 4-55 ms; the oxygen is divided into two paths, and the air inlet time is respectively 3-50 ms and 3-80 ms; the filling ratio of the fuel gas to the oxygen is 47%, and the oxygen-carbon ratio is 1.945:1; the pressure range of the nitrogen inlet is 1.80-2.20 bar, and the air inlet time is 95-199 ms; the powder feeding time is 50-100 ms; the spraying distance (the distance from the muzzle to the surface of the sample) is 200 mm; the explosion frequency was controlled at 5 times/second.
The bonding strength of the obtained nickel-based lubricating coating is more than 41 MPa, and the friction coefficient of the nickel-based lubricating coating is less than 0.3 at room temperature to 300 ℃.
Example 3a method of preparing an explosion sprayed nickel-based lubricious coating comprising the steps of:
⑴ Pretreatment of a matrix:
And (3) performing oxidation and roughening treatment on the surface of the Inconel 718 alloy by adopting a high-pressure sand blasting process, wherein the pressure of compressed air is 0.6-0.8 MPa, and the grain size of the alumina sand is 60 mu m. After treatment, ultrasonic cleaning and drying are carried out in alcohol solution, thus obtaining the pretreated matrix.
⑵ A spray composite powder was prepared as in example 1.
⑶ Preparing a coating:
Spraying spherical NiCrAlY powder on the surface of the pretreated substrate by using an explosion spraying technology to obtain a NiCrAlY transition layer with the thickness of 75 mu m; and then spraying the spraying composite powder on the NiCrAlY transition layer to obtain the NiCrAlY-Ag lubrication coating with the thickness of 225 mu m.
Wherein: the explosion spraying process refers to the process that the fuel is acetylene and propane, the combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, and the carrier gas is nitrogen; the pressure range of the acetylene inlet is 1.35-1.45 bar, and the air inlet time is 4-88 ms; the pressure range of the propane inlet is 1.8 bar, and the air inlet time is 4-50 ms; the oxygen is divided into two paths, and the air inlet time is respectively 3-50 ms and 3-80 ms; the filling ratio of the fuel gas to the oxygen is 52 percent, and the oxygen-carbon ratio is 1.015:1; the pressure range of the nitrogen inlet is 1.80-2.20 bar, and the air inlet time is 95-250 ms; the powder feeding time is 50-105 ms; the spraying distance (the distance from the muzzle to the surface of the sample) is 250 mm; the explosion frequency was controlled at 4 times/second.
The bonding strength of the obtained nickel-based lubricating coating is more than 40 MPa, and the friction coefficient of the nickel-based lubricating coating is less than 0.3 at room temperature to 300 ℃.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of an explosion spraying nickel-based lubricating coating comprises the following steps:
⑴ Pretreatment of a matrix:
performing oxidation and roughening treatment on the surface of a metal matrix or a sample by adopting a high-pressure sand blasting process, and performing ultrasonic cleaning and drying in an alcohol solution to obtain a pretreated matrix;
⑵ Preparing spraying composite powder:
Uniformly mixing 80-95 wt.% of spherical NiCrAlY powder and 5-20 wt.% of lubricant spherical silver powder in a low-energy ball mill to obtain spray composite powder; the particle size of the spherical NiCrAlY powder is 20-60 mu m, and the spherical NiCrAlY powder comprises 20-22 wt.% Cr, 10-12 wt.% Al, 1-1.5 wt.% Y and 64.5-79 wt.% Ni; the purity of the spherical silver powder is 99.99 percent, and the granularity is less than 48 mu m;
⑶ Preparing a coating:
Spraying spherical NiCrAlY powder on the surface of the pretreated substrate by using an explosion spraying technology to obtain a NiCrAlY transition layer; then spraying the spraying composite powder on the NiCrAlY transition layer to obtain a NiCrAlY-Ag lubricating coating; the explosion spraying process is characterized in that the fuel is acetylene and propane, the combustion-supporting gas is oxygen, and the carrier gas is nitrogen; the pressure range of the acetylene inlet is 1.35-1.45 bar, and the air inlet time is 4-90 ms; the pressure range of the propane inlet is 1.8 bar, and the air inlet time is 4-55 ms; the oxygen is divided into two paths, and the air inlet time is respectively 3-70 ms and 3-90 ms; the filling ratio of the fuel gas to the oxygen is 42% -61%, and the oxygen-carbon ratio is 1.015:1-1.945:1; the pressure range of the nitrogen inlet is 1.80-2.20 bar, and the air inlet time is 95-250 ms; the powder feeding time is 50-105 ms; the spraying distance is 200-250 mm; the explosion frequency is controlled to be 4-5 times/second.
2. The method for preparing the explosion-sprayed nickel-based lubricating coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the metal matrix or the sample in the step ⑴ is made of one of 304 stainless steel, GH4169 nickel-based superalloy, TC4 titanium alloy and Inconel 718 alloy.
3. The method for preparing the explosion-sprayed nickel-based lubricating coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the pressure of compressed air in the high-pressure sand blasting process in the step ⑴ is 0.6-0.8 MPa, and the grain size of the alumina sand is 40-100 mu m.
4. The method for preparing the explosion-sprayed nickel-based lubricating coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the rotating speed of the low-energy ball mill in the step ⑵ is controlled to be 150-200 r/min, the ball-material ratio is 1:2-1:5, and the time is 2-5 h.
5. The method for preparing the explosion-sprayed nickel-based lubricating coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the front gun barrel used in the explosion spraying in the step ⑶ is a horn-shaped gun barrel, the inner diameter of the rear end is 18mm, and the inner diameter of the front end is 27 mm.
6. The method for preparing the explosion-sprayed nickel-based lubricating coating according to claim 1, which is characterized in that: the thickness of the NiCrAlY transition layer in the step ⑶ is 70-100 mu m; the thickness of the NiCrAlY-Ag lubricating coating is 200-500 mu m.
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