CN115535988B - Preparation method of flaky cobalt phosphate - Google Patents

Preparation method of flaky cobalt phosphate Download PDF

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CN115535988B
CN115535988B CN202211466835.7A CN202211466835A CN115535988B CN 115535988 B CN115535988 B CN 115535988B CN 202211466835 A CN202211466835 A CN 202211466835A CN 115535988 B CN115535988 B CN 115535988B
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cobalt
phosphoric acid
solution
cobalt phosphate
flaky
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CN115535988A (en
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苗小欢
熊磊
王斌
冯克源
孟立君
胡志兵
张海艳
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Jinchi Energy Materials Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01BNON-METALLIC ELEMENTS; COMPOUNDS THEREOF; METALLOIDS OR COMPOUNDS THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASS C01C
    • C01B25/00Phosphorus; Compounds thereof
    • C01B25/16Oxyacids of phosphorus; Salts thereof
    • C01B25/26Phosphates
    • C01B25/37Phosphates of heavy metals
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2002/00Crystal-structural characteristics
    • C01P2002/70Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data
    • C01P2002/72Crystal-structural characteristics defined by measured X-ray, neutron or electron diffraction data by d-values or two theta-values, e.g. as X-ray diagram
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/01Particle morphology depicted by an image
    • C01P2004/03Particle morphology depicted by an image obtained by SEM
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C01INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C01PINDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO STRUCTURAL AND PHYSICAL ASPECTS OF SOLID INORGANIC COMPOUNDS
    • C01P2004/00Particle morphology
    • C01P2004/20Particle morphology extending in two dimensions, e.g. plate-like
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention provides a preparation method of flaky cobalt phosphate, which takes a phosphoric acid aqueous solution with a certain concentration as a base solution, and flows a soluble cobalt salt solution, a phosphoric acid aqueous solution and ammonia water into a reaction kettle, and strictly controls the pH value of a reaction system in two stages to react, so that the preparation of flaky cobalt phosphate precursor with high purity, uniform particle size distribution and thin thickness is realized. The method has the advantages of good process controllability, good reproducibility, low energy consumption and high mass production degree.

Description

Preparation method of flaky cobalt phosphate
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of materials, and particularly relates to a preparation method of flaky cobalt phosphate.
Background
In recent years, cobalt phosphate has been receiving attention due to its wide application in the fields of catalysis, lithium ion batteries, supercapacitors and the like, and has become a promising phosphate.
Currently, the method for synthesizing cobalt phosphate is mainly a hydrothermal method. Cobalt phosphate microspheres were synthesized using a hydrothermal process as in patent 201810140016.0. In the 201810832501.4 patent, a hydrothermal method is adopted to synthesize the nano material with the thickness of 0.5-1 mu m. And a surfactant is usually added in the hydrothermal synthesis process to regulate the morphology and the size of the material, and the synthesis yield is low, the energy consumption is high and the cost is high.
Although the cobalt phosphate is synthesized by a wet precipitation process without adding a surfactant or a thickener in the patent 201410453227.1, the synthesized cobalt phosphate has larger size, the median particle diameter is 3-13 um, and the morphology is irregular blocky or thick-plate-shaped intercalation flower-shaped, and the morphology uniformity is poor.
In a word, the existing preparation method of the flaky cobalt phosphate has the technical problems of low yield, high energy consumption and cost, or irregular or thick prepared material morphology and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a preparation method of flaky cobalt phosphate.
A preparation method of flaky cobalt phosphate comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing a cobalt salt solution and a phosphoric acid aqueous solution for later use;
s2, taking a phosphoric acid aqueous solution with a certain concentration as a base solution, flowing the soluble cobalt salt solution, the phosphoric acid aqueous solution and ammonia water prepared in the step S1 into a reaction kettle, reacting, controlling the pH value of a reaction system to be 4.0-6.0, continuing stirring for a reaction time period t1 after the feeding of the soluble cobalt salt solution and the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is finished, adjusting the inflow of the ammonia water to adjust the pH value of the reaction system to be 7.0-9.0, and stirring for a reaction time period t2;
and S3, washing and drying the obtained material, and then calcining at high temperature to obtain the flaky cobalt phosphate.
Preferably, in the step S2, the adding amount of the base solution accounts for 10-50% of the total volume of the reaction kettle, and the pH value of the base solution is 4.0-6.0.
Preferably, in the step S2, the feeding amount of the cobalt salt solution is 250-500 mL/min; the feeding amount of the phosphoric acid solution is 16.7-153.3 mL/min.
Preferably, in the step S2, the reaction temperature is 30-50 ℃ and the stirring linear velocity is 5-11 m/S.
Preferably, in the step S2, the feeding time of the cobalt salt solution and the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 0.5-1 h; t1 is 10-30 min; and t2 is 0.5-2 h.
Preferably, the mass percentage of ammonia in the ammonia water is 25-28%.
Preferably, in step S3, the high-temperature calcination is: the temperature is kept for 0.5 to 1 hour at 200 to 300 ℃ and then is kept for 1 to 4 hours at 550 to 650 ℃. When the calcination temperature of high-temperature calcination is lower than 550 ℃, the crystal water in the wet-process synthesized precursor cannot be completely removed, and when the temperature is higher than 650 ℃, the wet-process synthesized precursor is obviously sintered.
Optionally, the cobalt salt is one or more of cobalt sulfate, cobalt chloride, cobalt nitrate and cobalt acetate.
Preferably, the concentration of the cobalt salt solution is 1.0-2.0 mol/L; the concentration of the phosphoric acid solution is 5-10 mol/L.
Preferably, in step S3, pure water is used as a cleaning agent for the washing; the consumption of the washing water is controlled to be 1:5-10 kg/L of total solid-liquid ratio; the drying is vacuum drying.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the invention, under the condition that no surfactant or thickener is introduced, a wet precipitation process is adopted to synthesize the flaky cobalt phosphate material, and the reaction pH at different stages is strictly controlled by adopting a phosphoric acid aqueous solution with a certain concentration as a base solution, so that the preparation of the flaky cobalt phosphate precursor with high purity, uniform particle size distribution and thin thickness is realized. The method has the advantages of good process controllability, good reproducibility, low energy consumption and high mass production degree.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of a cobalt phosphate precursor after completion of the wet reaction of example 1;
FIG. 2 is an SEM image of calcined cobalt phosphate prepared according to example 1;
FIG. 3 is an XRD pattern of cobalt phosphate before and after calcination prepared in example 1;
FIG. 4 is an SEM image of a cobalt phosphate precursor after completion of the wet reaction of example 2;
FIG. 5 is an SEM image of a cobalt phosphate precursor after completion of the wet reaction of comparative example 1;
FIG. 6 is an SEM image of calcined cobalt phosphate of comparative example 1;
FIG. 7 is an XRD pattern of cobalt phosphate before and after calcination prepared in comparative example 1;
fig. 8 is an SEM image of the cobalt phosphate precursor after the wet reaction of comparative example 2 is completed.
Detailed Description
The invention will be described more fully hereinafter with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments in order to facilitate an understanding of the invention, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the following specific embodiments.
Example 1:
step S1: preparing a cobalt sulfate solution with the concentration of 1mol/L and a phosphoric acid solution with the concentration of 10mol/L for later use;
step S2: taking aqueous solution with pH of 6.0 adjusted by phosphoric acid as base solution, wherein the addition amount of the base solution is 50% of the total volume of the reaction kettle, controlling the reaction temperature of the system to be 30 ℃, and controlling the stirring linear speed to be 5m/s. And (3) adding the cobalt sulfate solution, the phosphoric acid solution and ammonia water (the mass percent of ammonia is 25-28%) into a reaction kettle in parallel, wherein the feeding amount of the cobalt sulfate solution is 250mL/min, the feeding amount of the phosphoric acid solution is 16.7mL/min, the pH of the reaction process is controlled to be 6.0 by the ammonia water, and the total feeding time is 1h. Stirring is continued for 10min after the end of feeding. The reaction temperature of the system is controlled to be 30 ℃, the reaction pH of the ammonia water is adjusted to be 9.0, and the stirring is continued for 0.5h;
step S3: centrifugally washing the material in the step S2 by pure water, controlling the total solid-to-liquid ratio to be 1:10kg/L, centrifugally dehydrating, and vacuum drying at 110 ℃;
step S6: and (3) preserving heat of the material in the step (S3) for 1h at 200 ℃ and preserving heat for 4h at 550 ℃ to obtain the anhydrous cobalt phosphate.
From fig. 1 and 2, the cobalt phosphate has a lamellar morphology, the particle size distribution is uniform as a whole, and no obvious ultra-large lamellar morphology exists. XRD of fig. 3 shows that the precursor before calcination is cobalt phosphate octahydrate and the precursor after calcination is cobalt phosphate anhydrous structure.
Example 2:
step S1: preparing a cobalt chloride solution with the concentration of 2mol/L and a phosphoric acid solution with the concentration of 5 mol/L for later use;
step S2: taking aqueous solution with pH of 4.0 adjusted by phosphoric acid as base solution, wherein the addition amount of the base solution is 50% of the total volume of the reaction kettle, controlling the reaction temperature of the system to be 50 ℃, and controlling the stirring linear speed to be 11m/s. And (3) co-current adding a cobalt chloride solution, a phosphoric acid solution and ammonia water (the mass percentage of ammonia is 25-28%) into a reaction kettle, wherein the feeding amount of the cobalt chloride solution is 500mL/min, the feeding amount of the phosphoric acid solution is 153.3mL/min, the pH of the reaction process is controlled to be 4.0 by the ammonia water, and the total feeding time is 0.5h. Stirring is continued for 30min after the feeding is finished. Controlling the reaction temperature of the system to be 50 ℃ continuously, adjusting the reaction pH of the system to be 7.0 by ammonia water, and continuously stirring for 2 hours;
step S3: centrifugally washing the material in the step S2 by pure water, controlling the total solid-to-liquid ratio to be 1:5kg/L, centrifugally dehydrating, and vacuum drying at 110 ℃;
step S6: and (3) preserving heat of the material in the step (S3) for 0.5h at 300 ℃ and preserving heat of the material for 1h at 650 ℃ to obtain the anhydrous cobalt phosphate.
From fig. 4, the cobalt phosphate precursor has a lamellar morphology, the particle size distribution is uniform throughout, and no obvious ultra-large lamellar morphology exists.
Comparative example 1:
step S1: preparing a cobalt sulfate solution with the concentration of 1mol/L and a phosphoric acid solution with the concentration of 10mol/L for later use;
step S2: taking aqueous solution with pH of 6.0 adjusted by phosphoric acid as base solution, wherein the addition amount of the base solution is 50% of the total volume of the reaction kettle, controlling the reaction temperature of the system to be 30 ℃, and controlling the stirring linear speed to be 5m/s. And (3) adding the cobalt sulfate solution, the phosphoric acid solution and ammonia water (the mass percent of ammonia is 25-28%) into a reaction kettle in parallel, wherein the feeding amount of the cobalt sulfate solution is 250mL/min, the feeding speed of the phosphoric acid solution is 16.7mL/min, the pH of the ammonia water in the reaction process is controlled to be 9.0, and the total feeding time is 1h. Stirring for 0.5h after the feeding is finished;
step S3: centrifugally washing the material in the step S2 by pure water, controlling the total solid-to-liquid ratio to be 1:10kg/L, centrifugally dehydrating, and vacuum drying at 110 ℃;
step S6: and (3) preserving heat of the material in the step (S3) for 1h at 200 ℃ and preserving heat for 4h at 550 ℃ to obtain the anhydrous cobalt phosphate.
From fig. 5 and 6, the cobalt phosphate has a flaky morphology, the flaky layers are thicker, the particle size distribution is not uniform, and a part of oversized flaky morphology exists. XRD of fig. 7 shows that the precursor before calcination is a mixture of cobalt phosphate octahydrate and cobalt ammonium phosphate, and the precursor after calcination is an anhydrous cobalt phosphate structure.
Comparative example 2:
step S1: preparing a cobalt sulfate solution with the concentration of 1mol/L and a phosphoric acid solution with the concentration of 10mol/L for later use;
step S2: 15L of 1mol/L cobalt sulfate solution is used as a base solution, the reaction temperature of the system is controlled to be 30 ℃, and the stirring linear speed is controlled to be 5m/s. And (3) adding the phosphoric acid solution and ammonia water (the mass percentage of ammonia is 25-28%) into the reaction kettle in parallel, wherein the feeding speed of the phosphoric acid solution is 16.7mL/min, the pH of the ammonia water in the reaction process is controlled to be 6.0, and the total feeding time is 1h. Stirring is continued for 10min after the end of feeding. The reaction temperature of the system is controlled to be 30 ℃, the reaction pH of the ammonia water is adjusted to be 9.0, and the stirring is continued for 0.5h;
step S3: centrifugally washing the material in the step S2 by pure water, controlling the total solid-to-liquid ratio to be 1:10kg/L, centrifugally dehydrating, and vacuum drying at 110 ℃;
step S6: and (3) preserving heat of the material in the step (S3) for 1h at 200 ℃ and preserving heat for 4h at 550 ℃ to obtain the anhydrous cobalt phosphate.
As seen from fig. 8, the cobalt phosphate precursor mainly has a plate-like morphology, but the morphology and the particle size distribution are not uniform, and a flower-like morphology formed by partial plate intercalation exists.
The foregoing is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and it should be noted that modifications and adaptations to those skilled in the art may be made without departing from the principles of the present invention, which are intended to be comprehended within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The preparation method of the flaky cobalt phosphate is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, preparing a cobalt salt solution and a phosphoric acid aqueous solution for later use;
s2, taking a phosphoric acid aqueous solution with a certain concentration as a base solution, flowing the soluble cobalt salt solution, the phosphoric acid aqueous solution and ammonia water prepared in the step S1 into a reaction kettle, reacting, controlling the pH value of a reaction system to be 4.0-6.0, continuing stirring for reaction time t1 after the feeding of the soluble cobalt salt solution and the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is finished, adjusting the inflow of the ammonia water to adjust the pH value of the reaction system to be 7.0-9.0, and stirring for reaction time t2; t1 is 10-30 min; t2 is 0.5-2 h; the feeding amount of the cobalt salt solution is 250-500 mL/min; the feeding amount of the phosphoric acid solution is 16.7-153.3 mL/min;
and S3, washing and drying the obtained material, and then calcining at high temperature to obtain the flaky cobalt phosphate.
2. The method for preparing the flaky cobalt phosphate according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the adding amount of the base solution accounts for 10-50% of the total volume of the reaction kettle, and the pH value of the base solution is 4.0-6.0.
3. The method of producing a cobalt phosphate sheet according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the reaction temperature is 30 to 50℃and the stirring line speed is 5 to 11m/S.
4. The method for preparing a cobalt phosphate sheet according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the feeding time of the cobalt salt solution and the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 0.5 to 1h.
5. The method for preparing the flaky cobalt phosphate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the mass percentage of ammonia in the aqueous ammonia used is 25 to 28%.
6. The method for preparing a cobalt phosphate sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in step S3, the high-temperature calcination is: the temperature is kept for 0.5 to 1 hour at 200 to 300 ℃ and then is kept for 1 to 4 hours at 550 to 650 ℃.
7. The method for preparing the flaky cobalt phosphate according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the cobalt salt is one or more of cobalt sulfate, cobalt chloride, cobalt nitrate and cobalt acetate.
8. The method for producing a cobalt phosphate sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in step S1, the concentration of the cobalt salt solution is 1.0 to 2.0mol/L; the concentration of the phosphoric acid aqueous solution is 5-10 mol/L.
9. The method for producing a cobalt phosphate sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein in step S3, pure water is used as a cleaning agent for the washing; the consumption of the washing water is controlled to be 1:5-10 kg/L of total solid-liquid ratio; the drying is vacuum drying.
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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104269528A (en) * 2014-09-05 2015-01-07 中信国安盟固利电源技术有限公司 Preparation method of cobalt phosphate powder material
CN108597896A (en) * 2018-06-25 2018-09-28 金华职业技术学院 A kind of preparation method and application of the cobalt phosphate nanometer sheet of Leaves'Shape
CN110600732A (en) * 2019-09-07 2019-12-20 中南大学 Preparation method of polyanion negative electrode material cobalt pyrophosphate
CN112390237A (en) * 2021-01-21 2021-02-23 金驰能源材料有限公司 Preparation method of nano-structure iron phosphate
CN112624079A (en) * 2021-01-27 2021-04-09 金驰能源材料有限公司 Preparation method of spherical iron phosphate
CN112938918A (en) * 2019-12-10 2021-06-11 湖南杉杉能源科技股份有限公司 Preparation method of cobalt phosphate powder material

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104269528A (en) * 2014-09-05 2015-01-07 中信国安盟固利电源技术有限公司 Preparation method of cobalt phosphate powder material
CN108597896A (en) * 2018-06-25 2018-09-28 金华职业技术学院 A kind of preparation method and application of the cobalt phosphate nanometer sheet of Leaves'Shape
CN110600732A (en) * 2019-09-07 2019-12-20 中南大学 Preparation method of polyanion negative electrode material cobalt pyrophosphate
CN112938918A (en) * 2019-12-10 2021-06-11 湖南杉杉能源科技股份有限公司 Preparation method of cobalt phosphate powder material
CN112390237A (en) * 2021-01-21 2021-02-23 金驰能源材料有限公司 Preparation method of nano-structure iron phosphate
CN112624079A (en) * 2021-01-27 2021-04-09 金驰能源材料有限公司 Preparation method of spherical iron phosphate

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