CN115535772A - Elevator speed limiter - Google Patents

Elevator speed limiter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115535772A
CN115535772A CN202210966048.2A CN202210966048A CN115535772A CN 115535772 A CN115535772 A CN 115535772A CN 202210966048 A CN202210966048 A CN 202210966048A CN 115535772 A CN115535772 A CN 115535772A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
elevator
spring
speed
cross bar
shaft
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202210966048.2A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
钱磊
童正国
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shanghai Mitsubishi Elevator Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Shanghai Mitsubishi Elevator Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shanghai Mitsubishi Elevator Co Ltd filed Critical Shanghai Mitsubishi Elevator Co Ltd
Priority to CN202210966048.2A priority Critical patent/CN115535772A/en
Publication of CN115535772A publication Critical patent/CN115535772A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/04Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions for detecting excessive speed
    • B66B5/044Mechanical overspeed governors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/04Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions for detecting excessive speed
    • B66B5/06Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions for detecting excessive speed electrical
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66BELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B5/00Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators
    • B66B5/02Applications of checking, fault-correcting, or safety devices in elevators responsive to abnormal operating conditions
    • B66B5/16Braking or catch devices operating between cars, cages, or skips and fixed guide elements or surfaces in hoistway or well

Abstract

The invention discloses an elevator speed limiter which comprises a plumb shaft, a lead screw and a lead screw, wherein the plumb shaft is used for driving the elevator speed limiter to rotate; the speed detection mechanism is used for detecting the speed of the elevator car, and is sleeved on the plumb shaft and synchronously rotates with the plumb shaft; the spring stroke adjusting mechanism is sleeved on the plumb shaft and is arranged in the speed detecting mechanism; the spring travel adjusting mechanism is connected with the plumb shaft through a one-way bearing so that the spring travel adjusting mechanism rotates together with the main shaft only when the elevator descends. The speed limiter comprises 1 set of speed detection mechanism and 1 set of spring stroke adjustment mechanism, and can achieve the purposes of respectively detecting overspeed behaviors in uplink and downlink and braking the lift car when the speeds of the elevator in uplink and downlink are different.

Description

Elevator speed limiter
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of elevators, in particular to an elevator speed limiter.
Background
An elevator speed limiter is one of safety control components in an elevator safety protection system. When the elevator is in operation, no matter what reason causes the car to overspeed or even to fall, and all other safety protection devices do not work, the speed limiter and the safety tongs perform linkage action to stop the elevator car.
In the prior art, in patent CN201280073318.1, when an elevator car runs up and down, the speed governor has 2 sets of independent speed detection mechanisms with different trigger speeds. The disclosed technology has the following problems: firstly, the two sets of detection mechanisms are isolated or transmit rotation through the pawls, so that the noise is high during high-speed operation, and the stability is poor; and secondly, two sets of detection mechanisms and action trigger mechanisms are used, so that the axial size is large, and the arrangement of an elevator machine room is not facilitated.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an elevator speed limiter which only comprises a set of speed detection mechanism, reduces the installation size in the axial direction and can be used for more compact arrangement of an elevator machine room.
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides an elevator speed limiter, which comprises:
the plumb shaft is used for driving the elevator speed limiter to rotate;
the speed detection mechanism is used for detecting the speed of the elevator car, and is sleeved on the plumb shaft and synchronously rotates with the plumb shaft;
the spring stroke adjusting mechanism is sleeved on the plumb shaft and is arranged in the speed detection mechanism; the spring travel adjusting mechanism is connected with the plumb shaft through a one-way bearing so that the spring travel adjusting mechanism can rotate together with the main shaft only when the elevator descends.
Preferably, the speed detecting mechanism includes a first link mechanism, a first weight, and a first spring;
the first connecting rod mechanism is sleeved on the plumb spindle and rotates synchronously with the plumb spindle;
the first weight is fixed on the first connecting rod mechanism;
when the first connecting rod mechanism rotates, the first weight generates centrifugal force and drives the first connecting rod mechanism to compress the first spring to generate displacement.
Preferably, the speed detection mechanism includes a first upper cross bar, a first lower cross bar, a pair of first swing arms, a pair of first weights, a first spring, wherein:
the first upper cross rod is arranged above the second upper cross rod and fixed on the vertical shaft; the first lower cross rod is arranged below the second lower cross rod and can relatively slide along the axial direction of the vertical shaft; the first weight is fixed on the first swing arm; the first swing arm is hinged with the first upper cross rod and the first lower cross rod; the first spring is disposed between the first lower cross bar and the second lower cross bar.
Preferably, the spring stroke adjustment mechanism includes a second linkage, a second weight and a second spring;
the second connecting rod mechanism is connected with the plumb shaft through a one-way bearing so that the spring stroke adjusting mechanism rotates together with the main shaft only when the elevator descends; the second heavy block is fixed on the second connecting rod mechanism; when the second connecting rod mechanism rotates, the second block generates centrifugal force and drives the second connecting rod mechanism to compress the second spring to generate displacement.
Preferably, the spring stroke adjustment mechanism includes a second upper cross bar, a second lower cross bar, a pair of second swing arms, a pair of second weights, and a second spring, wherein:
the second upper cross rod and the second lower cross rod are respectively connected with the vertical shaft through a one-way bearing and a sliding bearing and are driven by the vertical shaft to rotate along with the vertical shaft only when the elevator descends;
the second upper cross rod is fixed at the axial position, and the second lower cross rod can axially slide relatively;
the second weight block is fixed on a second swing arm, and the second swing arm is hinged with a second upper cross rod and a second lower cross rod;
the second spring is arranged between the second lower cross bar and the spring stroke adjusting mechanism.
Preferably, the elevator further comprises a brake actuating mechanism, and the brake actuating mechanism starts to actuate when the ascending speed or the descending speed of the car detected by the speed detecting mechanism exceeds a preset value.
Preferably, the brake actuating mechanism comprises a shaft sleeve, a second rocker arm, an actuating rod, a bracket and a first rocker arm, wherein: the shaft sleeve is connected with the speed detection mechanism through a bearing, and the axial displacement is kept consistent and the shaft sleeve can rotate relatively; the shaft sleeve is hinged to the second rocker arm, a first rocker arm and an action rod are hinged to the two ends of the second rocker arm respectively, the first rocker arm is hinged to the support, and the support is fixedly arranged on the gear box of the speed limiting device.
Preferably, when the speed detection mechanism drives the shaft sleeve to move upwards, the action rod is enabled to move upwards, and when the displacement of the action rod reaches the second displacement S1, the electrical switch is triggered to act, so that the brake is enabled to limit the movement of the lift car; when the displacement of the action rod reaches the first displacement S2, the rope clamping device is triggered to act, the rope of the speed regulator is clamped, and the safety tongs of the elevator car are pulled to act to stop the elevator car.
The invention has the following technical effects:
1) Only one speed detection mechanism is adopted, and the axial installation size is reduced. Can be used in a more compact elevator machine room arrangement.
2) Only one set of one-way bearing is configured on the spring stroke adjusting structure, the one-way bearing freely rotates when the elevator ascends (the rotating speed is high), and the one-way bearing is locked when the elevator descends (the rotating speed is low), so that the operation stability can be improved, and the operation noise can be reduced.
The speed limiter comprises 1 set of speed detection mechanism and 1 set of spring stroke adjusting mechanism, and can achieve the purposes of respectively detecting overspeed behaviors of an elevator in an uplink and a downlink process and braking a lift car when the speeds of the elevator in the uplink and the downlink are different. Wherein the speed detection mechanism and the rope wheel keep synchronous rotation. The spring travel adjusting mechanism is provided with a one-way bearing, and when the elevator goes up and down, the spring travel adjusting mechanism only keeps synchronous rotation with the rope pulley in one direction, so that when the elevator goes up and down, the spring travel adjusting mechanism is in different action states, and the output spring force is different. The spring force acts on the speed detection mechanism, and through the arrangement of the spring force, on one hand, the mechanism for braking the lift car can be triggered to act when the upward movement and the downward movement of the elevator respectively reach corresponding overspeed speeds, and on the other hand, the speed limiter cannot malfunction when the upward movement does not exceed the overspeed (but exceeds a downward speed threshold).
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the elevator governor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of the structure of the elevator speed limiter of the invention.
Description of the reference numerals
1. Rope sheave 2 plumb axis
3. Speed detection mechanism 4 spring stroke adjusting mechanism
31. First upper cross bar 32 first lower cross bar
33. First swing arm 34 first weight
41. Second upper crossbar 42 second lower crossbar
43. Second weight 44 second swing arm
45. One-way bearing 51 shaft sleeve
52. Second rocker arm 53 actuating lever
54. Bracket 55 first rocker arm
6. First spring 7 and second spring
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1-2, the invention relates to a speed limiter of an elevator, which comprises a set of speed detection mechanism 4 and a set of spring stroke adjusting mechanism 4.
As shown in fig. 1, when the car moves up and down, the car drives the governor sheave 1 to rotate through a governor rope (not shown), the governor sheave 1 rotates the drive main shaft 2 through a bevel gear, and the rotation speeds of the main shaft 2 and the governor sheave 1 are kept the same.
As shown in fig. 2, the speed detecting mechanism 3 includes a first link mechanism, a first weight 34, and a first spring; the first connecting rod mechanism is sleeved on the plumb shaft 2 and rotates synchronously with the plumb shaft 2; a first weight 34 is fixed on the first linkage; when the first link mechanism rotates, the first weight generates centrifugal force and drives the first link mechanism to compress the first spring 6 to generate displacement.
Specifically, the first link mechanism includes a first upper cross bar 31, a first lower cross bar 32, and a pair of first swing arms 33. The first upper cross bar 31 is arranged above the second upper cross bar 41 and fixed on the vertical shaft 2, and the first lower cross bar 32 is arranged below the second lower cross bar 42 and can relatively slide along the axial direction of the vertical shaft 2; the first weight 34 is fixed on the first swing arm 33, and the first swing arm 33 is hinged with the upper cross bar 31 and the lower cross bar 32; the first spring 6 is disposed between the first lower cross bar 32 and the second lower cross bar 42; the upper end of the first spring 6 is disposed on the second lower cross bar 42, and the lower end of the first spring 6 is disposed on the first lower cross bar 32.
The spring stroke adjusting mechanism 4 includes a second link mechanism, a second weight 34, and a second spring 7; the second connecting rod mechanism is connected with the plumb shaft 2 through a one-way bearing so that the spring stroke adjusting mechanism 4 rotates together with the main shaft 2 only when the elevator descends;
the second weight 43 is fixed on the second link mechanism;
when the second link mechanism rotates, the second weight generates centrifugal force and drives the second link mechanism to compress the second spring 7 to generate displacement.
Specifically, the second link mechanism includes a second upper cross bar 41, a second lower cross bar 42, and a pair of second swing arms 44. The second upper cross bar 41 is connected with the vertical shaft 2 through a one-way bearing 45 and is driven by the vertical shaft 2 to rotate along with the vertical shaft only when the elevator descends, wherein the second upper cross bar 41 is fixed in the axial position, and the second lower cross bar 42 can axially slide relatively; the second weight 43 is fixed on the second swing arm 44, and the second swing arm 44 is hinged with the second upper cross bar 41 and the second lower cross bar 42; the second spring 7 is arranged between the second lower cross bar 42 and the spring stroke adjusting mechanism; the upper end of the second spring 7 is fixed between the second upper cross bar 41 and the second lower cross bar 42, and the lower end of the second spring 7 is disposed on the second lower cross bar 42.
The one-way bearing 45 is a bearing that is free to rotate in one direction (when no torque is transmitted) and is locked in the other direction (when torque is transmitted).
The elevator speed limiting device can also comprise a brake action mechanism 5, and when the ascending speed or the descending speed of the elevator car detected by the speed detection mechanism 3 exceeds a preset value, the brake action mechanism 5 starts to act.
The brake actuating mechanism 5 includes a shaft sleeve 51, a second rocker arm 52, an actuating lever 53, a bracket 54, and a first rocker arm 55, wherein:
the first lower cross bar 32 of the speed detection mechanism 3 is connected with the shaft sleeve 51 of the brake action mechanism through a bearing, and the axial displacement is kept consistent and the relative rotation is realized. The shaft sleeve 51 is hinged on a rocker arm 52, both ends of the rocker arm 52 are respectively hinged with a rocker arm 55 and an action rod 53, the rocker arm 55 is hinged on a bracket 54, and the bracket 54 is fixedly arranged on a speed governor gear box (not shown in the figure). When the first bottom cross bar 32 moves the sleeve 51 upward, the actuating rod 53 is displaced upward. When the displacement of the action rod 53 reaches the second displacement S1, a corresponding electrical switch (not shown in the figure) is triggered to act, so that the brake is contracting, and the car is limited to move. When the displacement of the action rod 53 reaches the first displacement S2, the rope clamping device is triggered to act, the steel wire rope of the speed limiter is clamped, and therefore the safety tongs of the elevator car are pulled to act, and the elevator car is stopped.
The different up and down running speeds of the elevator will be described separately below.
When the elevator is at rated speed V 0 When going upwards, a second overspeed V is set 1 (triggering the brake at overspeed). When the elevator is at rated speed V 0 When going downwards, a second overspeed V is set 1 ' (trigger brake at overspeed) and first overspeed speed V 2 ' (trigger safety gear action at overspeed).
In general, there is V 0 ’<V 1 ’<V 2 ’<V 0 <V 1
When the elevator descends, the speed limiter rope pulley drives the plumb shaft 2 to rotate, 2 centrifugal mechanisms with different sizes and different frames embedded in the plumb shaft 2 are driven to rotate, the first weight 34 moves outwards under the action of centrifugal force, and the first lower cross rod 32 needs to overcome the pressure of the first spring 6 to move upwards.
A one-way bearing 45 is provided between the second bottom rail 42 and the vertical shaft 2, and the one-way bearing is a bearing that can freely rotate in one direction (in this case, torque is not transmitted) and is locked in the other direction (in this case, torque is transmitted).
Under the action of the one-way bearing, the second upper cross bar 41 rotates,the second weight 43 moves to the outside by centrifugal force, and the second lower cross bar 42 moves upward against the pressing force of the second spring 7. When the elevator speed reaches the second overspeed speed V along with the increase of the elevator speed 1 ' when the centrifugal force drives the upward movement of the first bottom rail 32, the force is denoted as F 1 ', bringing the actuating rod 53 to a second displacement S1, triggers the corresponding electrical switching action. The displacement of the first lower cross bar 32 is X at this time 1 ', the displacement of the second bottom rail 42 is X 2 '. Spring force F of the first spring 6 6 ’=K 6 (X 2 ’-X 1 '). When the speed of the elevator continues to rise to the first overspeed V 2 ' when the centrifugal force drives the upward movement of the first bottom rail 32, the force is denoted as F 2 ' the action of the car safety gear is triggered by the first displacement S2 of the actuating lever 53. The displacement of the first lower cross bar 32 is X at this time 1 ", the displacement of the second bottom rail 42 is X 2 ". Spring force F of the first spring 6 6 ”=K 6 (X 1 ”- X 2 ”)。
When the elevator goes upward, the speed governor rope wheel drives the vertical shaft 2 to rotate, only the speed detection mechanism is driven to rotate, the first weight 34 moves outwards under the action of centrifugal force, and the first lower cross rod 32 needs to overcome the pressure of the first spring 6 to move upwards. Because the upper cross bar 41 of the spring stroke adjusting mechanism is connected with the vertical shaft 2 through the one-way bearing, the second upper cross bar 41 of the spring stroke adjusting mechanism does not rotate along with the vertical shaft 2 in an ascending state, the second weight 43 is not subjected to the action of centrifugal force, the position of the second lower cross bar 42 is almost unchanged, and the second lower cross bar moves upwards by a small displacement X2 under the action of the first spring 6.
It is apparent that X2 < X2' < X2".
When the ascending speed of the elevator reaches a second descending overspeed speed V1' and a first descending overspeed speed V2', the spring force F6= K6 (X1 ' -X2) > F6' of the first spring 6 which needs to trigger the electrical switch action is because X2 < X2 '. At this time, the centrifugal forces F1 'and F2' of the first weight 34 are not enough to overcome the spring force F6, and cannot reach the preset stroke, and the actions of the electrical switch and the car safety gear cannot be triggered. Along with the increase of the speed of the elevator, when the speed of the elevator reaches the second overspeed speed V1 of ascending, at the moment, the first weight 34 is increased at the centrifugal force F1, and through reasonable design of the rigidity of the first spring 6 and the second spring 7, the F1= F6 at the moment can be realized, so that when the speed of the elevator reaches the second overspeed speed V1 of ascending, the electrical switch can be triggered to act, and the car is stopped through the brake.

Claims (8)

1. An elevator governor, comprising:
the plumb shaft (2) is used for driving the elevator speed limiter to rotate;
the speed detection mechanism (3) is used for detecting the speed of the elevator car, and the speed detection mechanism (3) is sleeved on the plumb shaft (2) and rotates synchronously with the plumb shaft (2);
the spring stroke adjusting mechanism (4) is sleeved on the plumb shaft (2) and is arranged in the speed detecting mechanism (3); the spring stroke adjusting mechanism (4) is connected with the plumb shaft (2) through a one-way bearing (45) so that the spring stroke adjusting mechanism (4) rotates together with the main shaft (2) only when the elevator descends.
2. An elevator governor according to claim 1, characterized in that the speed detecting mechanism (3) comprises a first link mechanism, a first weight (34) and a first spring;
the first connecting rod mechanism is sleeved on the plumb spindle (2) and rotates synchronously with the plumb spindle (2);
a first weight (34) is fixed on the first linkage;
when the first connecting rod mechanism rotates, the first weight generates centrifugal force and drives the first connecting rod mechanism to compress the first spring (6) to generate displacement.
3. The elevator governor according to claim 1, characterized in that the speed detection mechanism (3) comprises a first upper cross bar (31), a first lower cross bar (32), a pair of first swing arms (33), a pair of first weights (34), a first spring (6), wherein:
the first upper cross bar (31) is arranged above the second upper cross bar (41) and is fixed on the vertical shaft (2);
the first lower cross bar (32) is arranged below the second lower cross bar (42) and can relatively slide along the axial direction of the vertical shaft (2);
the first weight (34) is fixed on the first swing arm (33);
the first swing arm (33) is hinged with the first upper cross rod (31) and the first lower cross rod (32);
the first spring (6) is disposed between the first lower cross bar (32) and the second lower cross bar (42).
4. The elevator governor according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring travel adjustment mechanism (4) comprises a second linkage, a second weight (34) and a second spring (7);
the second connecting rod mechanism is connected with the plumb shaft (2) through a one-way bearing (45) so that the spring stroke adjusting mechanism (4) rotates together with the main shaft (2) only when the elevator descends;
the second block (43) is fixed on the second link mechanism;
when the second link mechanism rotates, the second weight (43) generates centrifugal force and drives the second link mechanism to compress the second spring (7) to generate displacement.
5. The elevator governor of claim 1, wherein the spring travel adjustment mechanism (4) comprises a second upper cross bar (41), a second lower cross bar (42), a pair of second swing arms (44), a pair of second weights (43), and a second spring (7), wherein:
the second upper cross bar (41) and the second lower cross bar (42) are respectively connected with the vertical shaft (2) through a one-way bearing and a sliding bearing and are driven by the vertical shaft (2) to rotate along with the elevator when the elevator descends;
the second upper cross rod (41) is fixed in the axial position, and the second lower cross rod (42) can slide axially relative to each other;
the second block (43) is fixed on a second swing arm (44), and the second swing arm (44) is hinged with the second upper cross rod (41) and the second lower cross rod (22);
the second spring (7) is arranged between the second bottom rail (42) and the spring travel adjusting mechanism.
6. The elevator governor of claim 1, further comprising a brake actuation mechanism,
and when the ascending speed or the descending speed of the car detected by the speed detection mechanism (3) exceeds a preset value, the brake action mechanism starts to act.
7. The elevator governor of claim 6, wherein the braking action mechanism comprises a bushing (51), a second rocker arm (52), an action lever (53), a bracket (54), and a first rocker arm (55), wherein:
the shaft sleeve (51) is connected with the speed detection mechanism (3) through a bearing, and axial displacement is kept consistent and the shaft sleeve can rotate relatively; the shaft sleeve (51) is hinged on the second rocker arm (52), the two ends of the second rocker arm (52) are respectively hinged with a first rocker arm (55) and an action rod (53), the first rocker arm (55) is hinged on a support (54), and the support (54) is fixedly arranged on a gear box of the speed limiting device.
8. The elevator speed limiter according to claim 7, characterized in that when the speed detection mechanism (3) drives the shaft sleeve (51) to move upwards, the action rod (53) is enabled to move upwards, and when the displacement of the action rod (53) reaches a second displacement S1, an electric switch is triggered to act, so that the brake is released to limit the movement of the car; when the displacement of the action rod (53) reaches a first displacement S2, the rope clamping device is triggered to act, a speed governor rope is clamped, and a car safety gear is pulled to act to stop the elevator car.
CN202210966048.2A 2022-08-12 2022-08-12 Elevator speed limiter Pending CN115535772A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210966048.2A CN115535772A (en) 2022-08-12 2022-08-12 Elevator speed limiter

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202210966048.2A CN115535772A (en) 2022-08-12 2022-08-12 Elevator speed limiter

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115535772A true CN115535772A (en) 2022-12-30

Family

ID=84724380

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210966048.2A Pending CN115535772A (en) 2022-08-12 2022-08-12 Elevator speed limiter

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115535772A (en)

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