CN115534687B - Superconductive maglev vehicle and levitation method - Google Patents
Superconductive maglev vehicle and levitation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115534687B CN115534687B CN202211193030.XA CN202211193030A CN115534687B CN 115534687 B CN115534687 B CN 115534687B CN 202211193030 A CN202211193030 A CN 202211193030A CN 115534687 B CN115534687 B CN 115534687B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L13/00—Electric propulsion for monorail vehicles, suspension vehicles or rack railways; Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
- B60L13/04—Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L13/00—Electric propulsion for monorail vehicles, suspension vehicles or rack railways; Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
- B60L13/03—Electric propulsion by linear motors
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L13/00—Electric propulsion for monorail vehicles, suspension vehicles or rack railways; Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
- B60L13/10—Combination of electric propulsion and magnetic suspension or levitation
Abstract
The invention provides a superconducting maglev vehicle and a levitation method, and relates to the technical field of superconducting maglev. The superconducting maglev vehicle comprises: the bottom of the vehicle body is provided with a first holding arm and a second holding arm, and an installation cavity is arranged between the first holding arm and the second holding arm; the track beam comprises a beam base and a permanent magnet track connecting part, wherein the permanent magnet track connecting part is arranged at the top of the beam base, and the permanent magnet track connecting part is arranged in the mounting cavity; the superconducting suspension system comprises a Dewar and a permanent magnet track, wherein the Dewar is fixedly connected to the top of the installation cavity, the permanent magnet track is fixedly connected to the side walls of the two sides of the permanent magnet track connecting part, a superconductor is arranged in the Dewar, and the superconductor and the permanent magnet track are matched to generate a suspension force to hold up the car body; the linear motor propulsion system comprises a motor primary and a motor secondary. The superconducting magnetic levitation vehicle has the advantages of large thrust, low cost and high power density, and expands the application range of the linear homopolar motor in the field of superconducting magnetic levitation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of superconducting magnetic levitation, in particular to a superconducting magnetic levitation vehicle and a levitation method.
Background
The magnetic suspension vehicle is a contactless rail-mounted vehicle and is provided with an electromagnetic suspension structure and a linear motor traction structure. The magnetic levitation train realizes non-contact levitation and guidance between the train and the track through electromagnetic force, and then the train is pulled to run by utilizing electromagnetic force generated by the linear motor.
The existing magnetic levitation vehicles can be divided into two types of normal-conduction suction type levitation and superconductive repulsive type levitation according to the difference of electromagnetic levitation principles, and in the existing high-temperature superconductive high-speed magnetic levitation vehicle system, a linear synchronous motor is adopted for driving. In the linear synchronous motor, the linear homopolar motor has the advantages of low cost and high power density, but the common linear homopolar motor has limited excitation capability and cannot generate enough thrust, so that the application range of the linear homopolar motor in the superconducting magnetic levitation field is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are as follows: the superconducting magnetic levitation vehicle is high in thrust and power density, and the application range of the linear homopolar motor in the superconducting magnetic levitation field is expanded.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme: a superconducting maglev vehicle, comprising:
the device comprises a vehicle body, wherein a first holding arm and a second holding arm are arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body, an installation cavity is formed between the first holding arm and the second holding arm, a first free end and a primary motor installation groove are formed in the first holding arm, a second free end and a primary motor installation groove are formed in the second holding arm, a track beam installation groove is formed between the first free end and the second free end, and the track beam installation groove is communicated with the installation cavity;
the track beam comprises a beam base and a permanent magnet track connecting part, the beam base is vertically arranged in the track beam mounting groove, the permanent magnet track connecting part is arranged at the top of the beam base, and the permanent magnet track connecting part is arranged in the mounting cavity;
the superconducting suspension system comprises a Dewar and a permanent magnet track, wherein the Dewar is fixedly connected to the top of the installation cavity, the permanent magnet track is fixedly connected to the side walls of the two sides of the permanent magnet track connecting part, the top of the permanent magnet track is opposite to the bottom of the Dewar, a superconductor is arranged in the Dewar, and the superconductor and the permanent magnet track are matched to generate suspension force to support the vehicle body;
the linear motor propulsion system comprises a motor primary and a motor secondary, wherein the motor secondary is fixed at the bottom of the permanent magnet track, and the motor primary is fixedly connected in a motor primary mounting groove.
The superconducting maglev vehicle has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, a first arm-holding structure and a second arm-holding structure are introduced into a vehicle body, so that a specific installation position of a superconducting levitation system and a specific installation position of a linear motor propulsion system are formed, and according to the invention, the superconducting levitation system and the linear motor propulsion system are introduced, the superconducting levitation system can levitate and guide the vehicle body, the linear motor propulsion system comprises a motor primary and a motor secondary, the motor secondary is fixed at the bottom of a permanent magnet track, the motor primary is fixedly connected in a motor primary installation groove, the arrangement structure can ensure that a continuous stable magnetic attraction exists between the motor primary and the motor secondary, and when the motor primary performs excitation on the motor secondary, the linear motor propulsion system drives the vehicle body to move along the axial direction of the track beam. In the structure, when the thrust in a specific range is needed, only the excitation range of the primary motor is required to be changed, so that the application range of the linear homopolar motor is expanded.
In addition, the invention also provides a suspension method of the superconducting maglev vehicle, which uses the superconducting maglev vehicle and further comprises the following steps:
arranging a superconductor in the Dewar, fixedly connecting the Dewar provided with the superconductor at the top of the mounting cavity, and fixedly connecting a motor primary in a motor primary mounting groove;
the beam base is vertically arranged in the track beam mounting groove, and the permanent magnet track connecting part is arranged in the mounting cavity;
fixing a motor secondary at the bottom of a permanent magnet track, and fixedly connecting the permanent magnet track to the side walls at two sides of a permanent magnet track connecting part, so that the superconductor and the permanent magnet track cooperate to generate a levitation force to support the vehicle body;
the primary motor is excited to act on the secondary motor, and the linear motor propulsion system drives the vehicle body to move along the axial direction of the track beam.
The suspension method of the superconducting maglev vehicle has the beneficial effects that:
the suspension method can ensure that the primary of the motor is stably excited to act on the secondary of the motor, and ensure that the linear motor propulsion system stably drives the vehicle body to move along the axial direction of the track beam. In addition, after the suspension method is combined with the superconducting maglev vehicle, the application range of the linear homopolar motor in the superconducting maglev field can be expanded, and the requirements of various use scenes are met.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent from the description, or may be learned by practice of the embodiments of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims thereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and other related drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a structure in which the superconducting levitation system is provided in the vehicle body in the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic elevational view of the linear motor propulsion system of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic side view of a linear motor propulsion system of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the primary structure of the motor of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a secondary structure of the motor of the present invention;
the marks in the figure:
1. a vehicle body; 11. the first arm is embraced; 111. a first free end; 12. the second arm; 121. a second free end; 21. dewar; 211. a superconductor; 22. a permanent magnet rail; 3. a linear motor propulsion system; 31. a motor primary; 311. a motor primary core; 3111. primary teeth; 3112. primary back iron; 3113. primary motor winding slots; 3114. a superconducting coil mounting groove; 312. a superconducting coil; 313. a three-phase winding; 32. a motor secondary stage; 321. salient poles; 322. a secondary back iron; 4. a rail beam; 41. a beam base; 42. permanent magnet track connection parts; 100. a mounting cavity; 200. a rail beam mounting groove; 300. and a motor primary installation groove.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments of the present invention. The components of the embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations. Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention, as presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus once an item is defined in one figure, no further definition or explanation thereof is necessary in the following figures. Meanwhile, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", and the like are used only to distinguish the description, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a superconducting magnetic levitation vehicle includes:
the automobile body 1, the bottom of automobile body 1 is provided with first armful arm 11 and second armful arm 12, be provided with installation cavity 100 between first armful arm 11 and the second armful arm 12, first armful arm 11 is provided with first free end 111 and motor primary mounting groove 300, second armful arm 12 is provided with second free end 121 and motor primary mounting groove 300, be provided with track roof beam mounting groove 200 between first free end 111 and the second free end 121, track roof beam mounting groove 200 communicates with installation cavity 100;
a track beam 4, wherein the track beam 4 comprises a beam base 41 and a permanent magnet track connecting part 42, the beam base 41 is vertically arranged in a track beam mounting groove 200, the permanent magnet track connecting part 42 is arranged at the top of the beam base 41, and the permanent magnet track connecting part 42 is arranged in a mounting cavity 100;
the superconducting suspension system comprises a Dewar 21 and a permanent magnet track 22, wherein the Dewar 21 is fixedly connected to the top of the installation cavity 100, the permanent magnet track 22 is fixedly connected to the side walls on two sides of the permanent magnet track connecting part 42, the top of the permanent magnet track 22 is opposite to the bottom of the Dewar 21, a superconductor 211 is arranged in the Dewar 21, and the superconductor 211 and the permanent magnet track 22 cooperate to generate a suspension force to support the vehicle body 1;
the permanent magnet tracks 22 are laid evenly along the track beam 4.
The linear motor propulsion system 3, the linear motor propulsion system 3 comprises a motor primary 31 and a motor secondary 32, the motor secondary 32 is fixed at the bottom of the permanent magnet track 22, and the motor primary 31 is fixedly connected in the motor primary mounting groove 300.
The invention is based on the levitation and driving aspects of the vehicle body 1, wherein a mounting cavity 100 is arranged in the vehicle body 1, and the arrangement of the mounting cavity 100 ensures the specific installation of the superconducting levitation system and the linear motor propulsion system 3. The superconducting levitation system can levitate and guide the vehicle body 1, the linear motor propulsion system 3 comprises a motor primary 31 and a motor secondary 32, in the invention, the motor secondary 32 is fixed at the bottom of the permanent magnet track 22, the motor primary 31 is fixedly connected in a motor primary mounting groove 300, the arrangement structure can ensure that a continuous stable magnetic attraction exists between the motor primary 31 and the motor secondary 32, and when the motor primary 31 is excited to act on the motor secondary 32, the linear motor propulsion system 3 drives the vehicle body 1 to move along the axial direction of the track beam 4. In the present structure, when a specific range of thrust is required, only the exciting range of the motor primary 31 needs to be changed, thereby expanding the application range of the linear homopolar motor.
As shown in fig. 6, to clarify the specific structure of the motor secondary 32 in the present invention, the motor secondary 32 includes a salient pole 321 and a secondary back iron 322, the top of the secondary back iron 322 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the permanent magnet track 22, the top of the salient pole 321 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the secondary back iron 322, and the bottom of the salient pole 321 is disposed towards the motor primary 31. The motor secondary 32 of the present invention is simple in construction and is easily laid along a track line.
In the present invention, in order to enhance the excitation between the motor primary 31 and the motor secondary 32, the salient poles 321 include left She Tuji and right She Tuji, and the left She Tuji and right She Tuji are staggered along the first reference direction with the axial direction of the track beam 4 as the first reference direction.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in order to clarify the specific structure of the motor primary 31 in the present invention, the motor primary 31 includes a motor primary core 311, a superconducting coil 312, and a three-phase winding 313, and the superconducting coil 312 and the three-phase winding 313 are both sleeved on the motor primary core 311. At this time, in the present linear motor propulsion system 3, excitation is performed by the superconducting coil 312, the superconducting coil 312 is fitted over the motor primary 31, and the motor secondary 32 is provided with salient poles 321 at positions corresponding to the excitation.
As shown in fig. 5, further, to clarify the specific structure of the motor primary core 311, the motor primary core 311 includes primary teeth 3111 and primary back iron 3112, the primary teeth 3111 are disposed on top of the primary back iron 3112, and the bottom of the primary back iron 3112 is disposed in the motor primary mounting slot 300.
In the present invention, in order to provide stable installation positions for the three-phase winding 313 and the superconducting coil 312, the primary teeth 3111 are uniformly arranged on top of the primary back iron 3112, the length direction of the primary back iron 3112 is taken as a second reference direction, a primary motor winding slot 3113 is formed between the left and right adjacent primary teeth 3111 in the second reference direction, and the three-phase winding 313 is sleeved in the primary motor winding slot 3113;
a superconducting coil mounting groove 3114 is formed between the primary teeth 3111 adjacent to each other in the second reference direction, and the superconducting coil 312 is fitted into the superconducting coil mounting groove 3114.
In order to avoid interference between the three-phase winding 313 and the superconducting coil 312 during excitation, the three-phase winding 313 is sleeved in the primary motor winding slot 3113 at a first height, and the superconducting coil 312 is sleeved in the superconducting coil mounting slot 3114 at a second height, and the first height is higher than the second height.
Preferably, the first arm 11 and the second arm 12 are symmetrically disposed about the center of the vehicle body 1; preferably, the permanent magnet tracks 22 are symmetrically disposed on the side walls on either side of the permanent magnet track connection 42. At this time, superconductor 211 and permanent magnet track 22 cooperate to generate a uniform levitation force to hold up body 1.
In addition, in the present invention, the superconductor 211 in the dewar 21 may be a high temperature superconductor block; the permanent magnet track 22 may be a halbach track; the superconducting coil 312 may be a superconducting field coil, such as a superconducting field coil made of YBCO, and may generate a larger field in a smaller volume, thereby increasing the overall driving performance of the system and increasing the power density of the system.
In addition, the invention also provides a suspension method of the superconducting maglev vehicle, which uses the superconducting maglev vehicle and further comprises the following steps:
providing a superconductor 211 in the dewar 21, and then fixedly connecting the dewar 21 provided with the superconductor 211 to the top of the installation cavity 100, and fixedly connecting the motor primary 31 to the motor primary installation groove 300;
the beam base 41 is vertically arranged in the track beam mounting groove 200, and the permanent magnet track connecting part 42 is arranged in the mounting cavity 100;
fixing a motor secondary 32 at the bottom of a permanent magnet track 22, and fixedly connecting the permanent magnet track 22 on the side walls at two sides of a permanent magnet track connecting part 42, so that the superconductor 211 and the permanent magnet track 22 cooperate to generate a levitation force to hold up the vehicle body 1;
the motor primary 31 is excited to act on the motor secondary 32, and the linear motor propulsion system 3 drives the vehicle body 1 to move in the axial direction of the track beam 4.
The suspension method is easy to carry out laying operation, can ensure that the primary motor 31 is stably excited to act on the secondary motor 32, and ensures that the linear motor propulsion system 3 stably drives the vehicle body 1 to move along the axial direction of the track beam 4. In addition, the suspension method can expand the application range of the linear homopolar motor in the field of superconducting magnetic suspension after being combined with the superconducting magnetic suspension vehicle.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, but various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the invention is subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A superconducting magnetic levitation vehicle, comprising:
the novel electric vehicle comprises a vehicle body (1), wherein a first holding arm (11) and a second holding arm (12) are arranged at the bottom of the vehicle body (1), an installation cavity (100) is arranged between the first holding arm (11) and the second holding arm (12), a first free end (111) and a motor primary installation groove (300) are arranged on the first holding arm (11), a second free end (121) and a motor primary installation groove (300) are arranged on the second holding arm (12), a track beam installation groove (200) is arranged between the first free end (111) and the second free end (121), and the track beam installation groove (200) is communicated with the installation cavity (100);
the track beam (4), the track beam (4) comprises a beam base (41) and a permanent magnet track connecting part (42), the beam base (41) is vertically arranged in a track beam mounting groove (200), the permanent magnet track connecting part (42) is arranged at the top of the beam base (41), and the permanent magnet track connecting part (42) is arranged in a mounting cavity (100);
the superconducting suspension system comprises a Dewar (21) and a permanent magnet track (22), wherein the Dewar (21) is fixedly connected to the top of the installation cavity (100), the permanent magnet track (22) is fixedly connected to the side walls on two sides of the permanent magnet track connecting part (42), the top of the permanent magnet track (22) is opposite to the bottom of the Dewar (21), a superconductor (211) is arranged in the Dewar (21), and the superconductor (211) and the permanent magnet track (22) are matched to generate suspension force to support the vehicle body (1);
the linear motor propulsion system (3), the linear motor propulsion system (3) comprises a motor primary (31) and a motor secondary (32), the motor secondary (32) is fixed at the bottom of the permanent magnet track (22), and the motor primary (31) is fixedly connected in a motor primary mounting groove (300);
the motor primary (31) comprises a motor primary iron core (311), superconducting coils (312) and three-phase windings (313), the superconducting coils (312) and the three-phase windings (313) are sleeved on the motor primary iron core (311), the motor primary iron core (311) comprises primary teeth (3111) and primary back irons (3112), the primary teeth (3111) are arranged at the top of the primary back irons (3112), the bottoms of the primary back irons (3112) are arranged in a motor primary mounting groove (300), the primary teeth (3111) are uniformly arranged at the top of the primary back irons (3112), primary motor winding grooves (3113) are formed between the primary teeth (3111) adjacent to each other in the second reference direction by taking the length direction of the primary back irons (3112), and the three-phase windings (313) are sleeved in the primary motor winding grooves (3113);
a superconducting coil mounting groove (3114) is formed between the primary teeth (3111) adjacent to each other in the second reference direction, and the superconducting coil (312) is sleeved in the superconducting coil mounting groove (3114);
the three-phase winding (313) is sleeved in the primary motor winding groove (3113) to be at a first height, the superconducting coil (312) is sleeved in the superconducting coil mounting groove (3114) to be at a second height, and the first height is higher than the second height.
2. A superconducting magnetic levitation vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the motor secondary (32) comprises salient poles (321) and a secondary back iron (322), the top of the secondary back iron (322) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the permanent magnet track (22), the top of the salient poles (321) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the secondary back iron (322), and the bottom of the salient poles (321) is arranged towards the motor primary (31).
3. A superconducting magnetic levitation vehicle according to claim 2, wherein the salient poles (321) comprise left She Tuji and right She Tuji, and the left She Tuji and right She Tuji are staggered along the first reference direction with respect to the axial direction of the track beam (4) as the first reference direction.
4. A superconducting magnetic levitation vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the first and second arms (11, 12) are symmetrically arranged about the centre of the vehicle body (1).
5. A superconducting magnetic levitation vehicle according to any of claims 1-4, wherein the permanent magnet tracks (22) are symmetrically arranged on the side walls of the permanent magnet track connection (42) on both sides.
6. A method of levitation of a superconducting magnetic levitation vehicle using a superconducting magnetic levitation vehicle according to claim 1, further comprising the steps of:
a superconductor (211) is arranged in the Dewar (21), then the Dewar (21) provided with the superconductor (211) is fixedly connected to the top of the installation cavity (100), and a motor primary (31) is fixedly connected in a motor primary installation groove (300);
the beam base (41) is vertically arranged in the track beam mounting groove (200), and the permanent magnet track connecting part (42) is arranged in the mounting cavity (100);
fixing a motor secondary (32) at the bottom of a permanent magnet track (22), and fixedly connecting the permanent magnet track (22) on the side walls at two sides of a permanent magnet track connecting part (42), so that the superconductor (211) and the permanent magnet track (22) are matched to generate a levitation force to lift the vehicle body (1);
the motor primary (31) is excited to act on the motor secondary (32), and the linear motor propulsion system (3) drives the vehicle body (1) to move along the axial direction of the track beam (4).
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| CN2022109275273 | 2022-08-03 | ||
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| CN111071268A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-04-28 | 南京航空航天大学 | Secondary block type magnetic flux switching linear motor driven train system |
| CN112046296B (en) * | 2020-08-14 | 2022-02-15 | 西南交通大学 | Superconducting magnetic levitation train |
| CN112532005B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-06-21 | 江苏大学 | Magnetic field modulation type doubly salient motor and salient pole tooth distribution design method thereof |
| CN113060009A (en) * | 2021-04-29 | 2021-07-02 | 福建师范大学 | Monorail high-temperature superconducting maglev train |
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