CN115534322A - 将第一纤维复合零件连结到第二纤维复合零件的方法 - Google Patents

将第一纤维复合零件连结到第二纤维复合零件的方法 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN115534322A
CN115534322A CN202210740311.6A CN202210740311A CN115534322A CN 115534322 A CN115534322 A CN 115534322A CN 202210740311 A CN202210740311 A CN 202210740311A CN 115534322 A CN115534322 A CN 115534322A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
composite part
fiber composite
fibre composite
sonotrode
fibre
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202210740311.6A
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
菲利普·克勒
莫里茨·赖纳斯
霍尔格·布埃特梅耶
京特·蒂勒曼
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Airbus Operations GmbH
Original Assignee
Airbus Operations GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Airbus Operations GmbH filed Critical Airbus Operations GmbH
Publication of CN115534322A publication Critical patent/CN115534322A/zh
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/08—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using ultrasonic vibrations
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/40—Applying molten plastics, e.g. hot melt
    • B29C65/42—Applying molten plastics, e.g. hot melt between pre-assembled parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/4805—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the type of adhesives
    • B29C65/481—Non-reactive adhesives, e.g. physically hardening adhesives
    • B29C65/4815—Hot melt adhesives, e.g. thermoplastic adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
    • B29C65/50—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like
    • B29C65/5057—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding using adhesive tape, e.g. thermoplastic tape; using threads or the like positioned between the surfaces to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/302—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators
    • B29C66/3024—Particular design of joint configurations the area to be joined comprising melt initiators said melt initiators being non-integral with the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/836—Moving relative to and tangentially to the parts to be joined, e.g. transversely to the displacement of the parts to be joined, e.g. using a X-Y table
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2079/00—Use of polymers having nitrogen, with or without oxygen or carbon only, in the main chain, not provided for in groups B29K2061/00 - B29K2077/00, as moulding material
    • B29K2079/08—PI, i.e. polyimides or derivatives thereof
    • B29K2079/085—Thermoplastic polyimides, e.g. polyesterimides, PEI, i.e. polyetherimides, or polyamideimides; Derivatives thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/0097—Glues or adhesives, e.g. hot melts or thermofusible adhesives
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/12—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles
    • B29K2105/122—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of short lengths, e.g. chopped filaments, staple fibres or bristles microfibres or nanofibers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2995/00—Properties of moulding materials, reinforcements, fillers, preformed parts or moulds
    • B29K2995/0037—Other properties
    • B29K2995/0094—Geometrical properties
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3076—Aircrafts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
    • B29L2031/00—Other particular articles
    • B29L2031/30—Vehicles, e.g. ships or aircraft, or body parts thereof
    • B29L2031/3076—Aircrafts
    • B29L2031/3082—Fuselages

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种将第一纤维复合零件连结到第二纤维复合零件的方法，以改进车辆和/或飞行器零件的超声焊接方法，其中由非织造纤维材料制成的能量引导器(14)被布置在待连结在一起的第一纤维复合零件(10)与第二纤维复合零件(12)之间。超声焊极(18)用于通过压在所述零件(10，12)上来连结/焊接所述零件(10，12)。所述能量引导器(14)是顺应性的，使得在焊接过程中在所述第一纤维复合零件与所述第二纤维复合零件(10，12)之间产生均匀接触。

Description

将第一纤维复合零件连结到第二纤维复合零件的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种将第一纤维复合零件连结到第二纤维复合零件的方法。
背景技术
DE 10 2006 027 463 A1披露了一种用于过滤器的超声焊接的方法，其中在焊接过程中使用了能量引导器。
发明内容
本发明的目的是改进用于车辆和/或飞行器的零件的超声焊接方法。
本发明提供了一种将第一纤维复合零件连结到第二纤维复合零件的方法，该方法包括：
a)将第一纤维复合零件和第二纤维复合零件布置成使得它们形成待连结的接头部分；
b)在接头部分内并且在第一纤维复合零件与第二纤维复合零件之间布置适于影响声能传播的能量引导器；以及
c)在第一纤维复合零件上布置超声焊极，并且向超声焊极提供能量，使得声能被转移到接头部分，最终形成第一纤维复合零件与第二纤维复合零件之间的接头。
优选地，第一纤维复合零件是用于飞行器机身的机身零件或用于车辆车身的车身零件。优选地，第二纤维复合零件是用于飞行器机身的机身零件或用于车辆车身的车身零件。
优选地，第一纤维复合零件是用于飞行器机身的机身零件或用于车辆车身的车身零件，并且第二纤维复合零件是被配置为当连结到所述零件时加强机身零件或车身零件的加强零件。优选地，第二纤维复合零件是用于飞行器机身的机身零件或用于车辆车身的车身零件，并且第一纤维复合零件是被配置为当连结到所述零件时加强机身零件或车身零件的加强零件。
优选地，能量引导器包括顺应性纤维材料。优选地，纤维材料是非织造材料。优选地，纤维材料包含最大长度为10mm的纤维。
优选地，第一纤维复合零件和/或第二纤维复合零件包含基体材料，并且能量引导器是由与基体材料不同的材料制成的。优选地，基体材料选自由聚芳醚酮(PAEK)、聚醚醚酮(PEEK)、聚醚酮酮(PEKK)、聚苯硫醚(PPS)和聚酰胺(PA)组成的组。优选地，能量引导器是由聚醚酰亚胺(PEI)材料制成的。
优选地，步骤c)包括将超声焊极压到第一纤维复合零件和/或第二纤维复合零件上。
优选地，接头部分沿纵向方向延伸，并且步骤c)包括使超声焊极沿着纵向方向移动，使得焊缝形成为接头。优选地，在超声焊极被提供能量以形成焊缝期间，超声焊极以滑动方式被压到第一纤维复合零件和/或第二纤维复合零件上。
优选地，步骤b)包括将能量引导器粘合地固定在第一纤维复合零件和/或第二纤维复合零件上。优选地，步骤a)包括将第一纤维复合零件和第二纤维复合零件布置成使得它们形成作为接头部分的部分重叠。
优选地，步骤c)包括向超声焊极提供能量，直到第一纤维复合零件、第二纤维复合零件和能量引导器至少部分熔化，使得在使超声焊极去除能量或移动之后，在第一纤维复合零件和第二纤维复合零件之间形成接头。
本发明涉及聚合物材料领域，特别是由热塑性聚合物类型制成的聚合物材料，这些材料优选地含有纺织纤维作为加固物，从而允许为许多应用案例(比如航空航天或汽车)设计出轻质高生态效率的结构部件。热塑性聚合物由于其在高温下熔化并在随后冷却过程中凝固的特性，允许通过焊接方式将零件组装成更大的结构单元。不同的焊接工作原理是已知的，其中本发明属于超声焊接。
热塑性聚合物的超声焊接基于以下原理：当(超声波频率的)声波越过界面进入相邻的零件时，传播到零件内的声波的动能将部分地作为热能耗散。热量将融化靠近界面的大量热塑性聚合物，导致两个零件在冷却后形成焊接接头。
超声焊接是许多行业中应用的和成熟的技术，在这些行业中，大部分应用非增强型、低温或中温熔融聚合物(最高250℃)，例如，在包装行业中用于密封袋子和泡罩包装，在汽车中用于组装内部结构和固定系统支架，或在由注射成型的塑料零件组成的许多消费品中。然而，在航空航天或其他高技术应用中基于PPS、PEI、PEEK或PEKK基体的高性能纤维增强热塑性材料的超声焊接还处于较低的成熟度水平。本文中的想法旨在改善这一状况。因此，除了使用超声焊接作为在热塑性碳纤维带被进一步加工成固结层压件之前应用在热塑性碳纤维带的堆叠内的快速固定辅助之外，这些材料的超声焊接尚未达到重要的工业水平。
控制界面处的能量耗散是掌控纤维增强热塑性材料超声焊接的关键。已开展若干研究，目标是优化超声焊极(几何形状、工作频率和振幅)和加工的关键特性，如夹持压力、几何形状和加工时间。然而，在待焊接的零件之间实施特定的设计特征(即所谓的能量引导器)后，焊接质量得到了显著改善。这种能量引导器通常是金字塔形的，单个或多个平坦的聚合物膜，它们置于零件之间。
所提及的能量引导器主要用于静态超声焊接，其中它们在实现可以获得高质量焊接的稳健焊接过程中表现出良好的性能。在优选用于长焊缝的连续超声焊接中，这可能在整合加强元件时遇到，这些能量引导器会造成质量问题和不稳定的焊接过程。它们的坚硬性质会导致能量引导器与被粘物接触不均匀，从而影响热量产生和传递，最终可能导致过热点和未焊区。接触不均匀可能是由于被粘物和能量引导器的制造公差。
因此，在连续超声焊接过程中，对于坚硬的能量引导器而言，优选更具顺应性的能量引导器。本发明披露中描述的热塑性非织造材料可以被看作是这种顺应性能量引导器。非织造材料的性质允许因施加焊接压力(通过超声焊极)而压实，因此使得能量引导器与被粘物均匀接触。非织造材料是由与被粘物的基体相同的材料制成的，这常见于超声焊接的情况，也是优选的以避免不同聚合物之间的兼容性问题。使用顺应性能量引导器的优势并不限于连续超声焊接，也可用于静态超声焊接，因为这种情况下也可能出现制造公差，这会导致能量引导器与被粘物非均匀接触。
本发明披露描述了在超声焊接过程中使用聚合物非织造材料作为能量引导器。该材料作为能量引导器的可行性在可行性研究的框架内进行评估，可行性研究还涉及与更常见的聚合物膜进行比较。初步评估表明，聚合物非织造材料是合适的，此外，与聚合物膜相比更具优势，因为观察到较少的质量缺陷(聚合物和纤维在被粘物的边缘处被挤出)。因此，它有助于更稳健和可靠的焊接过程。在评估中，使用也具有PEI表面的被粘物焊接180g/m2的PEI非织造材料。根据其他材料的超声焊接经验，这种方法不限于PEI材料，而是可以迁移到任何其他高性能热塑性材料，如PEEK、PEKK、PPS或LMPAEK，甚至是广泛使用的“低性能”材料，如聚酰胺(PA)。此外，非织造材料的空中重量并不限于180g/m2，而是基于上述研究的可用性进行选择。
非织造材料基于PEI纤维，其最大长度约为10mm，这些纤维随机分布，以实现一个层内的各向同性特性。非织造材料的纤维通过针刺进行机械连接，但也可以采用其他技术，如熔喷技术或纺纱。
与更常用的聚合物膜或金字塔形突起相比，非织造材料的特殊优势在于其顺应性，这导致能量引导器与被粘物非常均匀的接触。在焊接过程中，能量引导器首先融化并将热量传导到被粘物中。这最终使得第一层被粘物熔化。由于均匀接触，这种热传递也非常均匀，并且减少了所谓的过热点和未焊区。这两种效应是超声焊接接头框架中的常见缺陷。
能量引导器被置于两个待连结被粘物的界面上。为了避免焊接过程中的移动，非织造材料通过胶带固定在下层被粘物上。此后，通过施加超声振动和静态焊接和固结力，对被粘物进行焊接。结果是两个被粘物彼此焊接在一起。在这种情况下，被粘物是以所谓的单一重叠配置进行焊接的，并且可以进行机械测试。
附图说明
图1描绘了根据本发明的连结纤维复合零件的方法。
具体实施方式
参照附图更详细地描述了本发明的实施例，其中图1中描绘了连结纤维复合零件的方法的实施例。
最初如(I)中所描绘，提供了待连结至第二纤维复合零件12的第一纤维复合零件10。第一纤维复合零件10可以是飞行器机身零件，如飞行器的结构面板，而第二纤维复合零件12可以是结构面板的加强零件。第一纤维复合零件10和第二纤维复合零件12也可能是待连结在一起的飞行器结构面板或蒙皮。
如(II)所示，能量引导器14在接头部分16处布置在第一纤维复合零件10上。能量引导器14是一块非织造材料，优选由PEI或高性能聚合物、比如任何常用的PAEK制成。
如(III)所示，第二纤维复合零件12布置在能量引导器14上，以便与第一纤维复合零件10在接头部分16处重叠。能量引导器14是顺应性构件，顺应性构件能够确保第一纤维复合零件10和第二纤维复合零件12在受压时均匀接触。
随后，如(IV)所示，将超声焊极18压到第二纤维复合零件12上并施加能量，以便熔化第一纤维复合零件10和第二纤维复合零件12以及能量引导器14的基体材料。因此，第一纤维复合零件10和第二纤维复合零件12两者熔合在一起。超声焊极18可以沿着接头部分16移动(即进入或离开绘图平面)，以便形成连续焊缝。超声焊极18也可以反复被施加能量和去除能量，以形成一系列焊点。超声焊极18也有可能沿着接头部分16延伸，以便一次性连结第一纤维复合零件10和第二纤维复合零件12。
应注意，虽然该方法是参照第一纤维复合零件10和第二纤维复合零件12以其两个长边连结的布置进行说明的，但其他布置也是可行的。例如，两个短边可以连结在一起，或者短边和长边连结在一起。
为了改进车辆和/或飞行器零件的超声焊接方法，本发明提出了一种方法，其中由非织造纤维材料制成的能量引导器14被布置在待连结在一起的第一纤维复合零件10与第二纤维复合零件12之间。超声焊极18用于通过压在零件10、12上来连结/焊接零件10、12。能量引导器14是顺应性的，使得在焊接过程中在第一纤维复合零件和第二纤维复合零件10、12之间产生均匀接触。
附图标记列表：
10 第一纤维复合零件
12 第二纤维复合零件
14 能量引导器
16 接头部分
18 超声焊极

Claims (15)

1.一种将第一纤维复合零件(10)连结到第二纤维复合零件(12)的方法，所述方法包括：
a)将所述第一纤维复合零件(10)和所述第二纤维复合零件(12)布置成使得它们形成待连结的接头部分(16)；
b)在所述接头部分(16)内并且在所述第一纤维复合零件(10)与所述第二纤维复合零件(12)之间布置适于影响声能传播的能量引导器(14)；以及
c)在所述第一纤维复合零件(10)上布置超声焊极(18)，并且向所述超声焊极(18)提供能量，使得声能被转移到所述接头部分(16)，最终形成所述第一纤维复合零件(10)与所述第二纤维复合零件(12)之间的接头。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述第一纤维复合零件(10)和/或所述第二纤维复合零件(12)是用于飞行器机身的机身零件或用于车辆车身的车身零件。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中，所述第一纤维复合零件(10)或所述第二纤维复合零件(12)是用于飞行器机身的机身零件或用于车辆车身的车身零件，并且所述第二纤维复合零件或所述第一纤维复合零件(10)是被配置为当连结到所述零件时加强所述机身零件或所述车身零件的加强零件。
4.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述能量引导器(14)包括顺应性纤维材料。
5.如权利要求4所述的方法，其中，所述纤维材料是非织造材料。
6.如权利要求4或5中的任一项所述的方法，其中，所述纤维材料包含最大长度为10mm的纤维。
7.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述第一纤维复合零件(10)和/或所述第二纤维复合零件(12)包含基体材料，并且所述能量引导器(14)是由与所述基体材料不同的材料制成的。
8.如权利要求7所述的方法，其中，所述基体材料选自由聚芳醚酮、聚醚醚酮、聚醚酮酮、聚苯硫醚和聚酰胺组成的组。
9.如权利要求7或8中任何一项所述的方法，其中，所述能量引导器(14)是由聚醚酰亚胺材料制成的。
10.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中，步骤c)包括将所述超声焊极(18)压到所述第一纤维复合零件(10)和/或所述第二纤维复合零件(12)上。
11.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中，所述接头部分(16)沿纵向方向延伸，并且步骤c)包括使所述超声焊极(18)沿着所述纵向方向移动，使得焊缝形成为所述接头。
12.如权利要求10所述的方法，其中，在所述超声焊极(18)被提供能量以形成所述焊缝期间，所述超声焊极(18)以滑动方式压到所述第一纤维复合零件(10)和/或所述第二纤维复合零件(12)上。
13.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中，步骤b)包括将所述能量引导器(14)粘合地固定在所述第一纤维复合零件(10)和/或所述第二纤维复合零件(12)上。
14.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中，步骤a)包括将所述第一纤维复合零件(10)和所述第二纤维复合零件(12)布置成使得它们形成作为所述接头部分(16)的部分重叠。
15.如前述权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中，步骤c)包括向所述超声焊极(18)提供能量，直到所述第一纤维复合零件(10)、所述第二纤维复合零件(12)和所述能量引导器(14)至少部分熔化，使得在使所述超声焊极(18)去除能量或移动之后，在所述第一纤维复合零件(10)与所述第二纤维复合零件(12)之间形成接头。
CN202210740311.6A 2021-06-30 2022-06-28 将第一纤维复合零件连结到第二纤维复合零件的方法 Pending CN115534322A (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP21182908.0A EP4112280A1 (en) 2021-06-30 2021-06-30 A method for joining fiber composite parts by ultrasonic welding
EP21182908.0 2021-06-30

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115534322A true CN115534322A (zh) 2022-12-30

Family

ID=76730442

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202210740311.6A Pending CN115534322A (zh) 2021-06-30 2022-06-28 将第一纤维复合零件连结到第二纤维复合零件的方法

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US20230001646A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP4112280A1 (zh)
CN (1) CN115534322A (zh)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5286542A (en) * 1992-06-16 1994-02-15 Advanced Belt Technology Welded non-woven endless belt
DE102006027463A1 (de) 2006-06-12 2008-01-24 Helsa-Automotive Gmbh & Co. Kg Filtereinrichtung und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Filtereinrichtung
WO2018173249A1 (ja) * 2017-03-24 2018-09-27 株式会社槌屋 超音波溶着用部材および超音波溶着方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20230001646A1 (en) 2023-01-05
EP4112280A1 (en) 2023-01-04

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
Tsiangou et al. On the sensitivity of ultrasonic welding of epoxy-to polyetheretherketone (PEEK)-based composites to the heating time during the welding process
CA2888974C (en) Joining composite components using low temperature thermoplastic film fusion
US11214011B2 (en) Method and sealing device for sealing the edges of composite fiber components
KR20160112950A (ko) 수지 접합체, 수지 접합체의 제조 방법 및 차량용 구조체
WO2013084963A1 (ja) 接合部材の製造方法
Choudhury et al. Analysis of tensile failure load of single-lap green composite specimen welded by high-frequency ultrasonic vibration
Hou et al. Resistance welding of continuous glass fibre-reinforced polypropylene composites
Tsiangou et al. On the sensitivity of the ultrasonic welding process of epoxy-to polyetheretherketone (PEEK)-based composites to the welding force and amplitude of vibrations
CN115534322A (zh) 将第一纤维复合零件连结到第二纤维复合零件的方法
CN113954376A (zh) 混杂化复合材料、其制法、用途及电力高空作业辅助设备
JP6302606B1 (ja) 接合体の製造方法
US11872722B2 (en) Preform shaping method and composite forming method
CN113518708B (zh) 用于接合纸质材料的方法和设备
Jandali et al. Vibration welding of continuous-fiber thermoplastic matrix composites
US20240217184A1 (en) Method of ultrasonic welding thermoplastic composite components
EP4397471A1 (en) Thermoplastic composite component with vibration welded non-parallel surfaces and method for producing the same
US11565481B2 (en) Method of welding additively manufactured thermoplastic
US20230234301A1 (en) Method for surface structuring
US20220072805A1 (en) Method for connecting two components made of a thermoplastic material
McCarville et al. Processing and joining of thermoplastic composites
EP4289606A1 (en) Semi-conformable pressure application system and method for joining composite parts
Awan et al. Ultrasonic joining of carbon-reinforced polyamide with oak wood for manufacturing sustainable hybrid structures
CN115923145A (zh) 一种界面结构可控的超声波焊接方法、组合体
CN116728818A (zh) 一种纤维增强热固性复合材料的超声波焊接方法
Roos et al. Welding of thermoplastic composites

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination