CN1155316A - Rock bit with enhanced fluid return area - Google Patents
Rock bit with enhanced fluid return area Download PDFInfo
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- CN1155316A CN1155316A CN 95194536 CN95194536A CN1155316A CN 1155316 A CN1155316 A CN 1155316A CN 95194536 CN95194536 CN 95194536 CN 95194536 A CN95194536 A CN 95194536A CN 1155316 A CN1155316 A CN 1155316A
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Abstract
A rotary cone drill bit (20) for forming a borehole (24) having a one-piece bit body (40) with a lower portion (46) having a convex exterior surface and an upper portion (42) adapted for connection to a drill string (22). A number of support arms (70) are preferably attached to the bit body (40) and depend therefrom. Each support arm (70) has an inside surface (76) with a spindle (82) connected to the associated support arm (70). A number of cone cutter assemblies (100) equal to the number of support arms (70) are mounted on each of the spindles (82). The support arms (70) are spaced on the exterior of the bit body (40) to provide enhanced fluid flow between the lower portion (46) of the bit body and the support arms (70). Also, the length of the support arms (70) is selected to provide fluid flow between the associated cutter cone assembly (100) and the lower portion (46) of the bit body. The same bit body may be used with various rotary cone drill bits having different gauge diameters.
Description
Invention field
The present invention relates generally to a kind of rotary type drill bit that is used in subterranean well, specifically relate to a kind of drill bit with a single-piece drill body, described drill body can be strengthened flowing of fluid and can significantly reduce fluid turning back to the suffered restriction in well surface from the bottom of holing in the process of drillng operation.
Background of invention
There are polytype rotary drill bit or rock bit to be used at earth drilling.The example of this rock bit comprises tumbling-type taper bit or the rotary type taper bit that is used to make hole with the natural gas well.A kind of typical tumbling-type taper bit comprises a drill body, and it has a upper end that is used for connecting a well casing.Have a plurality of support arms (being generally three) to extend from the lower end of drill body, each support arm all have a relative drill body setting pivot center radially inwardly and the axle that protrudes out downwards.
Traditional tumbling-type taper bit generally is made of three parts.Can lean on a welding groove longitudinally to be positioned at together between the various piece.Then, can adopt conventional art that these three parts are welded together, to form drill body.Also comprise a relevant support arm that stretches out from drill body on each part.In drill body, be formed with the chamber of an increasing or passage usually to hold drilling fluids from well casing.United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 054, No. 772, by name " navigation system that is used for the rock bit welding " have disclosed three independent parts of a kind of usefulness and have constituted the method and apparatus that rock bit are rotated in a three-member type taper.Quote No. the 4054th, 772, United States Patent (USP) among the application with for referencial use.
One bite cone assembly is installed on each axle usually, and is rotatably supported on the bearing between the inside of axle accommodating chamber that is in axle and the bite cone.On the drill body of contiguous support arm, can form one or more nozzle bodies.One nozzle generally is arranged in each housing, so that pass drill body from the drilling fluids of well casing, is drawn towards the bottom of the boring that is forming.Drilling well is provided by well casing usually with fluid, and it plays the following several effects that comprise: will wash away, clean the bite cone assembly at the material that foot of hole gets out and in the annular space between the outside and boring inwall cutting chip radially outward and then up be taken away at drill body before this.United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 056, No. 153, by name " having the rotary type rock bit that many rows of being used for stone stratum distribute " and be called the United States Patent (USP) the 4th of " rock bit ", 280, all be for No. 571 the example of traditional tumbling-type taper bit, they have the bite cone assembly that is installed on the axle that protrudes out from a support arm.United States Patent (USP) the 4th, 056, No. 153 and United States Patent (USP) are all quoted in this application with for referencial use for the 4th, 280, No. 571.
When adopting the boring of such rotary type drill bit or rock bit, the chip of smear metal and other type is owing to the effect of the fluid that is subjected to being restricted concentrates in the deep hole position.The position that these fluids are restricted for example comprises: be adjacent to the bottom of the drill body of each support arm, the outside of drill body and the annular region between the boring adjacent wall.The affined zone of other fluid can comprise: the part of the back side of each bite cone assembly, support arm and drill hole wall.The result that these chips are concentrated is to make the mobile area decreases of fluid, even also cause increasing by these regional fluid velocities, and the extent of corrosion of adjacent metal member is strengthened.Along with the intensification of extent of corrosion, the chip that crucial member, for example bearing and seal produces in the time of may all will being exposed to drilling well with fluid and drilling well, this may cause that used rock bit lost efficacy prematurely.
Brief summary of the invention
Can reduce or eliminate all disadvantages and the problem of aforementioned rock bit and rotary type taper bit widely with the present invention.The drill body that comprises a single-piece in one aspect of the present invention, it can strengthen flowing around the fluid in drill body and the support arm outside in the process of drillng operation, therefore can strengthen being used for smear metal and other chip are carried to the drilling well surface from the bottom of boring fluid is flowed.The bottom that is adjacent to the drill body of relevant support arm preferably comprises the external surface of convex substantially, and the smear metal on the bite cone assembly relevant with each support arm and/or the viscous flow phenomenon of drilling well usefulness fluid can be eliminated in this surface.The convex surface of drill body can promote smear metal or other chip radially to move towards the boring inwall from the bite cone assembly, and is upward through the annular space that forms between drill hole wall and the relevant well casing.
Another aspect of the present invention is that it is held in the external diameter of drill body as much as possible little, and the screw type bit connector that meets American Petroleum Institute (API) standard can be provided simultaneously, so that relevant drill bit is connected on the well casing.Diminish as far as possible by the external diameter that makes drill body, the outside of relevant rotary type taper bit and the fluid flow region territory between the boring are increased widely.Compare with the traditional rotary type taper bit that much has same diameter specifications, in some cases, the present invention can make the outside of drill body and the fluid flow region territory between the boring inwall increase by 20 (20%) or more percent.
Another aspect of the present invention is that it can make the position optimization of each support arm and relative bite cone assembly, thereby the fluid that has increased between the relevant portion of the outside of drill body and relevant bite cone assembly flows.The bite cone assembly can be caused from the bottom of drill body and the space between the bite cone assembly to the related rotation bit exterior with respect to the position optimization of side outside the relevant drill body, and upwards flow and the motion of smear metal is strengthened through the fluid of the annular space between well casing and the boring inwall.
Important techniques advantage according to single-piece of the present invention, integral (drill) bit body is, it can be positioned at fluid tip in the drill body on each different position, and can not influence the design and the position of relevant support arm and/or bite cone assembly.In drill body, all nozzles and relative fluid passage are located the nozzle body or the nozzle casing that can no longer need normally to be formed on the such rotation formula drill bit outside.These nozzle bodies or nozzle casing can significantly reduce the obtainable flow region of Returning fluid between the inwall of the outside of relevant drill bit and boring.According to the use intention of each drill bit, the present invention can also guide the streaming flow that flows out from nozzle the pivot center of the setting that becomes to be roughly parallel to well casing and drill bit.The fluid flow direction that nozzle can be come out is between adjacent bite cone assembly.Can also be positioned at fluid tip on the position near the heart among the relevant drill body, with the fluid that prevents to flow out from nozzle the flow passage of the fluid that returned, carried secretly smear metal from foot of hole be produced and disturb.
Other technological merit of the present invention is that it provides a kind of single-piece, all-in-one-piece drill body, and this drill body has the chamber of one symmetry, increasing, to admit from the drilling well fluid of relevant well casing.One or more fluid passages of intersecting with this chamber preferably are set.In some cases, can be chosen to the length of fluid passage and diameter can be for each nozzle provides laminar flow, and this laminar flow can significantly reduce the corrosion to nozzle and/or drill body inner surface.Each fluid passage can very simply process, and they have relatively than the uniform internal diameter of direct sum.
Another fermentation of the present invention is that it can form a rotary type drill bit with a single-piece, all-in-one-piece drill body, and described drill body has one or more depressions of support arm separately that are used for admitting.An axle preferably forms the part of an integral body of each support arm, and this axle is used for a bite cone assembly and is installed on each support arm.The present invention can allow intrinsic all depressions of integral (drill) bit and relative support arm are designed, so that all bite cone assemblies are positioned on the optimum position with respect to drill body and drill hole wall, thereby can in the process of drillng operation, strengthen fluid and flowing of drilling well surface returned in smear metal.
Another important techniques advantage of the present invention is, it can provide a kind of have the drill body that available different kind of material makes and the rotary type drill body of all support arms.For example, can make drill body with AISI 8620 alloy steels, this material can make the cost of production of drill body minimum, can provide simultaneously the performance of stronger downward boring for relevant drill bit, and restriction uses the higher alloy steel of other cost only to form support arm.Therefore, the present invention can reduce material cost greatly, can strengthen the performance of boring simultaneously.
Brief Description Of Drawings
In order to understand the present invention and advantage thereof better, below in conjunction with each accompanying drawing the present invention is described specifically, in each accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of a partly cut-away, shows one to have various feature of the present invention, be connected in a rotary cone drill bit that is arranged on the end of the well casing in the wellhole;
Fig. 2 is the stereogram of an exploded, shows rotary cone drill bit according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is a sectional view that decomposes, and shows single-piece drill body, support arm and a cutting cone assembly according to an embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of a single-piece drill body according to another embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the end-view of the drill body shown in Fig. 3 and Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the sectional view according to a single-piece drill body of further embodiment of this invention;
Fig. 7 is the sectional view along the line 7-7 of Fig. 6;
Fig. 8 is the partial end view of the drill body shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7; And
Fig. 9 is the sectional view of a drill body, shows according to another pocket configurations of the present invention and a plurality of diverse locations of being used for all fluid tips.
Detailed description of the present invention
In conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 9 several preferred embodiments and the advantage thereof that the present invention may be better understood, in each accompanying drawing, every identical label is all represented identical or corresponding member.
As each accompanying drawing that is used to illustrate shown in, the present invention is embodied in and is used for the rotary cone drill bit 20 that adopted when hole of underground drilling.Rotary cone drill bit 20 can be called " rotary drilling-head " or " rock bit " sometimes.Rotary cone drill bit 20 preferably includes the part or sell 44 of being threaded that is used for connecting drill bit 20 and well casing 22.The corresponding part (not shown) that is threaded is designed to make drill bit 20 corresponding to being rotated in the rotation of the well casing 22 of well surface on part that is threaded 44 and the well casing 22.
As shown in Figure 1, drill bit 20 can be connected in well casing 22, and is arranged in the boring 24.At the external surface of well casing 22 with hole and be formed with annular space 26 between 24 inner surface or the wall 28.Except rotary drilling-head 20, usually well casing 22 is used as a conduit, boring fluid and other fluid from the drilling well surface are sent to the drill bit 20 of the bottom that is in boring 24.These boring fluids can be caused each nozzle 60 that is located in the drill bit 20 from well casing 22.The smear metal that is formed by drill bit 20 will mix with the boring fluid from each nozzle 60 ejection mutually with the chip that other is arranged in boring 24 bottoms, and gets back to the well surface by annular space 26.
For rotary cone drill bit 20, shear action or drilling effect are the turning efforts of bite cone assembly 100 mat well casings 22 and producing when roll in boring 24 bottom.The final internal diameter of the boring 24 that is formed by wall 28 is roughly corresponding with the total external diameter or the diameter specifications of bite cone assembly 100.Bite cone assembly 100 is cooperated each other, thereby the rotation of Drawing upon drill bit 20 forms the wall 28 of boring 24.Bite cone assembly 100 can be called " rotating cone bite " or " roller type taper bite " sometimes.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, each bite cone assembly 100 comprises and has all cutting edges 102 that protrudes out insert 104, and the described insert that protrudes out is being tight against hole 24 all sides and bottom surface and carries out scraping and dig cutter in response to be applied to weight on the drill bit 20 and turning effort from well casing 22.The cutting edge 102 of each bite cone assembly 100 and the position of insert 104 can change, to apply required down-cutting effect.Also can adopt the bite cone assembly of other type among the present invention, include, but is not limited to have the bite cone assembly of mill teeth rather than insert 104.The smear metal that is formed by drill bit 20 and other chip can be by being sent to the drilling well surface by the boring fluid of all nozzle 60 ejections from 24 the bottom of holing.The fluid that is carrying chip normally flows radially outward from the below of drill bit 20, upwards flows through the direction of annular space 26 towards the drilling well surface then.
Shown in Fig. 2 and 3, drill body 40 comprises the middle part 52 that is arranged between top 42 and the bottom 46.Longitudinal axis or central axis 50 extend through drill body 40, and corresponding with the pivot center of the setting of drill bit 20 substantially.Middle part 52 preferably has the cylindrical substantially structure of a plurality of depressions, and these depressions are formed in the external surface at middle part, and radially are spaced from each other.The number of all support arms 70 that the number of all depressions 54 is chosen to and is attached thereto is consistent.The spacing each other of all depressions 54 on 52 external surfaces of middle part is chosen to corresponding with the desired spacing of all support arms 70, and corresponding to the bite cone assembly 100 relevant with them.Can also allow the position of depression 54 change, so that bite cone assembly 100 is with respect to required skew of pivot center generation of the setting of longitudinal axis 50 and drill bit 20.
Each support arm 70 has one and extends the longitudinal axis 72 that connects.All support arms 70 preferably are installed in their depressions 54 separately, and their longitudinal axis 72 separately are parallel to each other substantially, and are parallel to the longitudinal axis 50 with relevant drill body 40.For a kind of application, the part of each support arm 70 preferably a series of weld seams between the adjacent part of the external surface by being formed on each depression 54 or periphery and relevant support arm 70 is welded in the relative depression.Can be improved so that solder side and/or welding groove to be provided the periphery that is adjacent to each depression 54 on surface outside the drill body 40, each support arm 70 and relative depression 54 be coupled together with help.
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of a decomposition, shows the relation between drill body 40, a support arm 70 and the relative bite cone assembly 100.Each bite cone assembly 100 is preferably constructed and is installed on the associated axle 82 in a kind of roughly the same mode.Each support arm 70 is preferably constructed and is installed in the associated depression 54 in the identical mode of a kind of reality.Therefore, will only specifically describe, because be identical to the description of other two support arms 70 and associated bite cone assembly 100 to a support arm 70 and bite cone assembly 100.
Various feature of the present invention can be embodied in the part of inner surface 76, external surface 80, side 84 and 86.Select each size of each support arm 70 to make itself and associated pocket 54 consistent.Shown in Fig. 2 and 3, the size of the adjacent part that comprises upper end or end face 74, inner surface 76 and side 84 and that a part of support arm 70 of 86 can be fitted in the relevant depression 54.
As will specifically describing hereinafter, inner surface 76 can be improved as required so that various feature of the present invention to be provided.The shape of inner surface 76 can change between end face 74 and base 78 haply.Shape corresponding to side 84 and 86 inner surface 78 also can change according to relevant depression.Inner surface 76 and external surface 80 are adjacency at 78 places, base of support arm 70.The outer surface part 80 that is adjacent to base 78 often is known as shirttail face (shirttail surface) 88.
For one embodiment of the present of invention, on the inner surface 76 of each support arm 70, be formed with first opening 75 and second opening 77.Can be formed with first mast 53 and second mast 55 on the rear wall 64 of each depression 54.First mast 53 and second mast 55 stretch out from rear wall 64, and they engage with first opening 75 and second opening 77 respectively, thereby each support arm 70 is positioned in the relative depression 54.In some cases, first opening preferably comprises a vertical slit that extends from end face 74, and its size can be admitted first mast 53.Second opening 77 preferably has a circular substantially shape, to admit second mast 55 therein.Can adopt mast 53 with 55 and opening 75 with 77 with each support arm 70 in the welding before be positioned in the relevant depression 54.
The pivot center that axle 82 is preferably set with respect to the longitudinal axis 72 of support arm 70 and drill bit 20 downwards and slope inwardly.This orientation of axle 82 makes the external surface of bite cone assembly 100 to contact with the side and the bottom surface of boring 24 in the process of bore operation.For some situation, preferably each support arm 70, associated axle 82 and bite cone assembly 100 pivot center from the setting of drill bit 20 is departed from.By making the associated pocket 54 on the external surface that is formed on drill body 40 depart from a respective distance, just can obtain required departing from easily from the longitudinal axis 50 of drill body 40.Deviation value can be to be changed to 5 or 6 degree or from being changed to the inch near 0 inch from 0 degree on the rotation direction of drill bit 20.
As Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and shown in Figure 3, each bite cone assembly 100 comprises base portion 108, and this base portion has a conical shell that extends out from it or top 106.For some situation, base portion 108 comprises the external surface 110 of a frusto-conical, and the incline direction of this external surface is preferably relative with the incline direction of shell 106.Base portion 108 also comprises bottom surface 112, and this bottom surface can be arranged near inner surface 76 parts of associated support arm 70.Base portion 108 preferably includes opening 120, is extended with chamber 114 from this opening.Chamber 114 passes base portion 108, and extends into housing 106.The size of opening 120 and chamber 114 is chosen to and can be installed in each bite cone assembly 100 on the associated axle 82.One or more bearing assemblies 122 can be installed on axle 82, and these bearing assemblies also are arranged between the bearing wall and the annular bearing surface 81 on the axle 82 in the chamber 114.Can adopt a kind of ball commonly used to keep system 124 that bite cone assembly 100 is fixed on the axle 82.
The high strength engineering alloy that bite cone assembly 100 can adopt any hard steel or other to have sufficient intensity, hardness and abrasion resistance is made, to bear all harsh situation that runs in the downward boring procedure.To.Make the bearing assembly 122 of bite cone assembly 100 rotations and the application life that other any bearing protected can prolong drill bit 20 in the chamber 114.In case have drilling cuttings to enter between the bearing surface and axle 82 of bite cone assembly 100, drill bit 20 is very fast just can to lose efficacy.The fluid that the invention provides a kind of enhancing outside drill bit 20, relevant support arm 70 and bite cone assembly 100 flows, thereby avoids chip to enter between each bearing surface and relevant axle 82 of each bite cone assembly 100.Normally in the slit between the bearing surface of bite cone assembly 100 and relative axle 82 elastic sealing element is set, for example seal 116.Yet in case seal 116 lost efficacy, drilling well still can be through very fast pollution bearing surface behind the slit between bite cone assembly 100 and the reference axis 82 with fluid and other chip.
In some cases, can with one have the required metallic character of drill bit 20, drill body 40 is made or processed to the solid raw material or the bar (not shown) of substantial cylindrical.For example can make drill body 40 with AISI 8620 alloy steels.
Can on the top 42 of drill bit 40, form the part 44 that is threaded with the technology of traditional system screw thread.The major requirement of external diameter at the middle part 52 of decision drill body 40 is the material thicknesses that can provide the part 44 of being threaded required.The API form that is used for the screw type bit coupling part has below illustrated the various sizes of drill bit and required connecting pin size.
1234 bit sizes be threaded minute clino-diagonal (inch) size and pattern (± 1/64 inch) (± 1/64 inch) 23/8REG 33/4 to 41/2 (comprising) 27/8REG 33,/64 35/6445/8 to 5 (comprising) 31/2REG 339,/64 311/6451/8 to 73/8 (comprising) 41/2REG 47,/64 49/6471/2 to 93/8 (comprising) 65/8REG 521,/64 523/6491/2 to 141/2 (comprising) 75/8REG 723,/64 725/64145/8 to 181/2 (comprising) 815,/32 81/2185/8 of minute clino-diagonal drill bit of drill bit of part in screw type bit coupling part reaches larger (comprising) 85/8REG 935,/64 937/64
The size of drill bit 20 depends on maximum outside diameter or the diameter specifications relevant with three bite cone assemblies 100.The position of each bite assembly with they with respect to the overall diameter specification of the pivot center of the setting of drill bit 20 are depressions 54 with its on the function of size of the relevant support arm 70 of bite cone assembly 100 is installed respectively.
Can be connected to the support arm 70 of bite cone assembly 100 in the depression 54, so just can make drill bit 20 have required size with all size.Preferably axle 82 is dimensioned to and holds the minimum and maximum bite cone assembly 100 that will be installed on the relevant support arm 70.Therefore, the single-piece drill body 40 with the part 44 that is threaded that is suitable for installing 71/2 inch drill bit also can be used to 93/8 inch the drill bit or the drill bit of other size between this two sizes.It should be noted that when the size of drill bit when 71/2 is increased to 93/8 inch, among the drill body 40 between the external diameter of part 52 remain same size basically.Therefore, if take 93/8 inch drill bit and 71/2 inch drill bit to come comparison, just the flow region of the annular space 26 between the external surface of drill body 40 and 24 the inwall 24 of holing has significantly increased.
Clearly visible from Fig. 2, Fig. 3 and Fig. 5, each depression 54 includes rear wall 64 and pair of sidewalls 66 and 68.Rear wall 64 and sidewall 66 and 68 are dimensioned to consistent with the inner surface 76 and the side 84 and 86 of the relevant support arm 70 that is adjacent.Under a certain situation, the relative rear wall 64 with 68 of sidewall 66 forms the angle of one 45 degree.Also have, each depression 54 preferably comprises the upper surface 65 that matches with the end face 74 of its formation one and relevant support arm 70.In some cases, the cross-shaped portion office between the convex surface 48 of the bottom 46 of each depression 54 and drill body 40, a welding groove 49 can be shaped on the periphery of each depression 54.
Width (the W of each depression 54
p) will be chosen to hold relevant support arm 70.A key character of one embodiment of the invention is that support arm 70 has limited width.Limited by the width to support arm 70, can provide enough clearance spaces 160 between each adjacent support arm 70, the fluid that so just can strengthen between the convex surface 48 on the bottom 46 of support arm 70 and drill body 40 flows.
Therefore another key character of the present invention is that it can change the length of support arm 70, can obtain required fluid between the convex surface 48 on the bottom 46 that is installed on relevant bite cone assembly 100 on each support arm 70 and drill body 40 and flow.Under a certain situation, preferably be chosen to be at least 3 times of support arm width from the length of end face 74 support arm 70 of 78 to the base.Between each bite cone assembly 100 and adjacent convex surface 48, preferably has one 1/2 inch gap at least.
As shown in Figure 3, in the top 42 of drill body 40, can be formed with the chamber 56 of increasing.Be provided with opening 58 in the top 42, be communicated with between well casing 22 and chamber 56, to form fluid.The internal diameter of chamber 56 that extends among the drill body 40 centre position of 52 from opening 58 is normally uniform.In some cases, chamber 56 can form with the longitudinal axis 50 of drill body 40 concentric.
Extensible one or more fluid passages 62 between the convex surface 48 of the bottom 46 of chamber 56 and drill body 40, in drill body 40.The ground that is adjacent to convex surface 48 at each passage 62 can be provided with opening 61.A plurality of grooves 63 preferably are set in each opening 61, so just various types of nozzles or nozzle insert 60 can be installed in each fluid passage 62.In addition, the additional member (not shown) of an elasticity baffle ring for example and/or O-ring seals and so on can also be set, so that each nozzle insert 60 is positioned in the groove 63.Just can nozzle 60 be installed in the relative opening 61 with various existing technology satisfactoryly.In some cases, can adopt tungsten carbide or other suitable material to make nozzle insert 60, so just can resist the corrosion of flowing through fluid wherein.Also have, can in drill body 40, one or more inlet (not shown)s be set the place near opening 61, with lock screw or connecting pin and/or carry out arc spot welding, thereby nozzle insert 60 is fixed in the groove 63.
A key character of the present invention is that it can change fluid passage 62 and the position of associated nozzles 60 in drill body 40, and does not influence the position of depression 54 and relevant support arm 70.Illustrated in the drill body 140,240 and 340 that hereinafter will describe in detail according to the present invention instruction, fluid passage 62 and the various diverse locations of relative nozzle 60 in corresponding drill body.The bottom 46 of representing drill body 40 and drill body 1 40 has been shown among Fig. 5.Bottom 46 shown in the figure has the opening 61 of three depressions 54 and three associated fluid passages 62, and these openings radially relatively separate each other around the periphery of drill body 40 and 140.For this example shown in Fig. 5, fluid passage 62 radially separates about 120 degree (120 °) to each other with relevant opening 61.Similarly, also radially separate about 120 degree (120 °) between the depression 54 that each support arm depression 54 is adjacent with it.
Drill body 140 shown in Fig. 4 has been represented an alternative embodiment of the invention.Except fluid passage 162, drill body 140 is the same with aforesaid drill body 40 basically.Drill body 140 comprises chamber 56 and the first fluid passage 62 that extends from this chamber.Between the outside at the middle part 152 of first passage 62 and drill body 140, can form a second channel 162.Second channel 162 preferably forms 62 one-tenth acute angles of relative first passage, so any fluid of discharging from second fluid passage 162 just helps the fluid in the annular space 162 between the outside of drill bit 20 and 24 the inwall 28 of holing mobile.
In some cases, can in opening 61, put a stopper (not shown) with appropriate size be used for guiding whole fluids from chamber 56 through first fluid passage 62, and the outside at the middle part 152 of arrival drill body 140 through second fluid passage 162 after upwards.In other cases, a nozzle 60 with suitable big or small ejiction opening (not shown) can be set in the groove 63 of opening 61, to be used for controlling or regulate the flow of the fluid that flows out from first fluid passage 62 and second fluid passage 162.Also have, in second fluid passage 162, one second nozzle (not shown) can be set.The present invention can be provided with a plurality of fluid passages and nozzle on the variant position in the relevant drill body, therefore strengthened fluid and flow to flowing of drilling well surface from borehole bottom behind annular space 26.If desired, a plurality of passages 162 can be set in drill body 140.
As shown in Figure 6, drill body 240 preferably comprises the top 42 the same with aforesaid drill body 40.Compare with bottom 46 with the middle part 52 of drill body 40, the middle part 252 of drill bit 240 and bottom 246 are to have passed through certain improvement.Bottom 246 preferably comprises the convex surface 248 of the convex surface 48 that is similar to drill body 240, but the structure of depression 254, the opening 261 that is used for nozzle 260 and breach 280 is distinguished to some extent.As previously mentioned, a difference part of drill body 40 and drill body 240 comprises, is provided with the fluid passage 262 that is basically parallel to and is concentric with longitudinal axis 50 in the drill body 240.The breach 280 of a plurality of angle intervals can be set between the depression 54 of drill body 240 outsides in addition.Roughly being concentric with longitudinal axis 50 is provided with fluid passage 262 and can reduces the external diameter of drill body 140 and/or breach 280 can be set.
Breach 280 can extend to a position in 252 outsides, middle part from the bottom 246 of drill body 240 always.Each breach 280 is partly limited by an inclined plane 282, and described inclined-plane extends radially outwardly from the bottom 246 of drill body 240, so that fluid is strengthened from the bottom 246 of drill body 240 to the flow condition in relevant drill bit 20 outsides.All depressions 254 and breach 280 preferably alternately are provided with around the periphery of drill body 240, and radially are spaced from each other.In example shown in Figure 7, the center line of each depression 254 preferably forms an angle that becomes 120 degree (120 °) each other.Similarly, the center line of each breach 280 also preferably forms an angle that becomes 120 degree (120 °) each other.
All depressions 254 of drill body 240 are similar to all depressions 54 of previous bit body 40, and just its sidewall 266 and 268 is to have passed through improvement.Clearly visible from Fig. 7, sidewall 266 comprises the 266a of first and a second portion 266b who approximately becomes 90 degree (90 °) to extend from the relative rear wall 64 of the 266a of first that a relative rear wall 64 approximately becomes 45 degree (45 °) angles to extend.Sidewall 268 comprises a similar 268a of first and a second portion 268b.Second portion 266b and 268b are arranged in parallel basically.
An important benefit of the present invention is that it can change the position of each fluid passage 62 and relative nozzle 60, therefore can discharge drill body with fluid from chamber 56 by guided drilling as wishing.In some cases, can be arranged to fluid passage 62 and relative nozzle 60 can flow from guiding fluid between the adjacent cutting cutter cone assembly 100 of drill body 340 extensions.Also have, can change the position of selected fluid passage 62 and relative nozzle 60,24 inwall 28 and/or bottom angulation so that regulated fluid is holed when discharging from respective nozzles 60 relatively.For diameter is 7 inches (7 ") to the boring of 8 inches (8 "), can guide the fluid from nozzle 60 ejections become with the bottom of boring 24 and intersect in antetheca 28 about 1 inch (place of 1 ").Situation in the time of can be according to the bore of respective bore and other boring downwards among the present invention changes from the intersection point between the fluid of nozzle 60 ejections and 24 the bottom of holing.For the purpose of illustrating, also show the longitudinal axis that is roughly parallel to drill body 340 in the drill body 340 and the fluid passage 362 of extending.
Can select different positions for fluid passage 62, and need not to change the position that is formed on the depression 354 on drill body 340 outsides.Nozzle 60 and relative fluid passage 62 are positioned to relatively near longitudinal axis 50, can make from the fluid of nozzle 60 ejections and the interference of having carried secretly between the Returning fluid of smear metal and reduce to minimum.Owing to will lean on welding procedure that three parts are welded into drill body in the prior art, so limited the quantity of nozzle and the position that fluid tip can be installed.
As previously mentioned, a key character of the present invention is, it can change the quantity of fluid passage 62,262 and 362 and the position of position and/or associated fluid nozzle 60, therefore can strengthen fluid with respect to the relevant bite cone assembly 100 and the flow condition of the bottom of relevant drill body 40,140,240 and 340.Referring to the drill body 240 shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7, can be positioned at nozzle 60 near the convex surface 248 of the bottom 246 of drill body 240 and the intersection of passing the longitudinal axis 50 that drill body 240 extends in the present invention.
The present invention also has important being characterised in that, it can change the shape of the depression that is formed on the relevant drill body outside.For example, the drill body shown in Fig. 9 340 has square substantially depression 354.The width of each depression 354 is the distances between relative side walls 366 and 368.For this embodiment of the present invention, the overall width of depression 354 (Wp) preferably is limited in being no more than half (1/2) of relevant drill body 340 girths.Also has the width (W of each depression 354
p) preferably be no more than the interval between the adjacent depression 354 on drill body 340 outsides.Limited by width depression 354, can with support arm that each depression 354 links to each other between enough spaces are arranged, therefore can strengthen the flow condition of fluid around drill bit.
Although described the present invention and benefit thereof above in detail, but it should be understood that, under the situation that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention that limit by appended claims, can make many variations, replacement and change, but these all should fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (20)
1. one kind is used to form a rotary type taper bit of holing, and it comprises:
The drill body of one single-piece, it has a top, and this top can be connected in a well casing that described drill bit is rotated;
A plurality of support arms, they are connected in described drill body, and relatively extend with described top, and each described support arm all has an inner surface, have an axle that connects thereon on the described inner surface, each axle all roughly also inwardly protrudes out downwards with respect to relative support arm;
A plurality of quantity equal the bite cone assembly of support arm quantity, and they are installed in respectively on the described axle; And
Described drill body also has a bottom, and that this bottom has is one formed thereon, roughly become the external surface of convex, therefore can strengthen the mobile of fluid between the described bottom of described bite cone assembly and described drill body.
2. drill bit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described single-piece drill body also comprises:
One is arranged on the described top of described drill body and the middle part between the described bottom;
The shape at described middle part is roughly cylindrical;
Be formed with a plurality of depressions on the outside at the described middle part of described drill body, described support arm be connected on the described drill body being used for, the quantity of described depression equals the quantity of described support arm; And
Described depression is spaced from each other in the outside at described middle part.
3. drill bit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described drill body also comprises:
One is arranged on the described top of described drill body and the middle part between the described bottom;
The shape at described middle part is roughly cylindrical;
Be formed with a plurality of depressions on the outside at the described middle part of described drill body, described support arm be connected on the described drill body being used for, the quantity of described depression equals the quantity of described support arm; And
On a plurality of outsides that are formed on described drill body, be in the breach between the described depression.
4. drill bit as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that it also comprises:
Described breach is on the position in the middle of the outside at the described middle part that always extends to described drill body, the described bottom from described drill body;
Each described breach all is partly to be formed by a surface that radially outward tilts from the described bottom of described drill body, therefore can strengthen flowing from the fluid of described bottom to the described outside of described drill body of described drill body; And
The quantity of described breach equals the quantity of described depression and described support arm.
5. drill bit as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that it also comprises:
Described drill body has one roughly corresponding to the longitudinal axis of the pivot center of the setting of described drill bit;
One is formed on the chamber of the increasing in the described top of described drill body;
One is in the opening that described chamber is interior, make described well casing and described chamber in fluid communication;
The fluid passage that at least one is formed in the described drill body, extends between the described bottom of described chamber and described drill body; And
One be arranged in the described fluid passage, be adjacent to the nozzle of the described bottom part of described drill body.
6. drill bit as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that it also comprises:
Described fluid passage is roughly parallel to the described vertical axis extension of described drill body; And
Described nozzle is positioned in the intersection point place of the described longitudinal axis of the described convex surface of the described bottom of approaching described drill body and described drill body.
7. drill bit as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that it also comprises:
Described fluid passage is to extend through described drill body in the such at an angle mode of the longitudinal axis of described relatively drill body; And
Described nozzle is set in the described fluid passage, so that the guiding fluid flows between described bite cone assembly.
8. drill bit as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that, the described vertical axis extension of described chamber from described opening along described drill body is to a centre position at the described middle part of described drill body, and its internal diameter is roughly even.
9. drill bit as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that it also comprises:
Described fluid passage is roughly parallel to the described vertical axis extension of described drill body;
One be arranged in the described fluid passage, be adjacent to the nozzle of the described bottom of described drill body; And
Described nozzle has three ejiction openings, and they radially are spaced from each other, and separates with the described longitudinal axis of described drill body.
10. drill bit as claimed in claim 5 is characterized in that it also comprises: a first fluid passage that is formed in the described drill body, extends between the described bottom of described chamber and described drill body;
Second fluid passage that one is formed in the described drill body, between the described outside at the described middle part of described first fluid passage and described drill body, extends;
Described second fluid passage with respect to described first fluid tunnel-shaped at an angle, thereby the fluid in the annular space that any fluid that flows out from described second fluid passage can help partly to be limited by described drill bit and described boring is flowed.
11. a rotary type taper bit that is used to form the boring that has a sidewall and bottom, it comprises:
The drill body of one single-piece, it has the top as integral part formation, has a screw type bit coupling part on the outside on described top, drives on the well casing of described drill bit rotation described drill bit is connected to one;
A plurality of support arms, they are connected in described drill body, and extend on the contrary with described upper direction, and each described support arm all has an inner surface, have an axle that connects thereon on the described inner surface, each axle all roughly also inwardly protrudes out downwards with respect to relative support arm;
A plurality of quantity equal the bite cone assembly of support arm quantity, and each described bite cone assembly is installed in respectively on the axle, to be used for the described sidewall and the bottom of the described boring of drilling;
Described drill body has a bottom, and this bottom has an external surface that roughly becomes convex formed thereon, therefore can strengthen flowing of fluid between the described bottom of described bite cone assembly and described drill body.
One is arranged on the described top of described drill body and the middle part between the described bottom; And
The shape at described middle part is roughly cylindrical, and described all support arms are connected in described middle part.
12. drill bit as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, described drill body also comprises:
On the outside at a plurality of described middle parts that are formed on described drill body, depression spaced apart from each other, they are to be used for described support arm is connected on the described drill body, the quantity of described depression equals the quantity of described support arm; And
Each described depression all has a upper surface as an integral part, so that match with an end face of its relevant support arm.
13. drill bit as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, it also comprises:
Each support arm all has a longitudinal axis;
Can be selected the length of described longitudinal axis, so that the described bite cone assembly that is installed on each support arm can be on the position an of the best, the fluid that so just can strengthen between the described bottom of described bite cone assembly and described drill body flows; And
The width of each support arm all is no more than the circumferential distance between the adjacent support arm on the outside at described middle part, so that the fluid of strengthening being arranged between the described bottom of described support arm and described drill body in the described depression is mobile.
14. drill bit as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, it also comprises:
The described middle part of described drill body has an external diameter;
The described top of described drill body have one with the corresponding to external diameter in screw type bit coupling part formed thereon; And
The external diameter on described top approximates the described external diameter at described middle part greatly, and the value of this external diameter approximates the minimum diameter of the described screw type bit coupling part of American Petroleum Institute's defined greatly.
15. drill bit as claimed in claim 11 is characterized in that, described drill bit also comprises:
Depression on the outside at a plurality of described middle parts that are formed on described drill body, they are to be used for described support arm is connected on the described drill body, the quantity of described depression equals the quantity of described support arm; And
The length of the longitudinal axis of each described depression approximates greatly and is arranged on 1/3rd of support arm length in its associated pocket.
16. a rotary type taper bit that is used to form with the boring of a sidewall and bottom, it comprises:
The drill body of one single-piece, it has a top, has a screw type bit coupling part on the outside on described top, drives on the well casing of described drill bit rotation so that described drill bit is connected to one;
A plurality of support arms, they are connected in described drill body, and extend with described top rightabout, and each described support arm all has an inner surface, have an axle that connects thereon on the described inner surface, each axle all roughly also inwardly protrudes out downwards with respect to relative support arm;
A plurality of quantity equal the bite cone assembly of support arm quantity, and each described bite cone assembly is mounted respectively on each root axle, to be used for the described sidewall and the bottom of the described boring of drilling;
Described drill body has a bottom, and this bottom has an external surface that roughly becomes convex formed thereon, therefore can strengthen flowing of fluid between the described bottom of described bite cone assembly and described drill body.
One is arranged on the described top of described drill body and the middle part between the described bottom; The shape at described middle part is roughly cylindrical, and its outer radius portion ground depends on the required size in described screw type bit coupling part;
Depression on the outside at a plurality of described middle parts that are formed on described drill body, they are to be used for described support arm is connected on the described drill body, the quantity of described depression equals the quantity of described support arm; And
Described all depressions around the periphery at described middle part equally spaced from.
17. drill bit as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, it also comprises:
Each support arm all has a longitudinal axis;
Can be selected the length of each support arm, so that the described bite cone assembly that is installed on each support arm can be on the position an of the best, the fluid that so just can strengthen between the described bottom of described bite cone assembly and described drill body flows; And
Be chosen to the width of each support arm consistent with the width of described associated pocket; And
The overall width of described all support arms is chosen to less than the lateral perimeter at the described middle part of described drill body half, so that the fluid of strengthening between the described bottom of described support arm and described drill body flows.
18. rotary type formula taper bit as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that it also comprises:
The described middle part of described drill body has an external diameter;
Described drill body and described screw type bit coupling part cooperatively interact, so that under the situation of the described external diameter at the described middle part that need not to increase described drill body, the support arm and the bite cone assembly of various sizes are connected on the described drill body.
19. drill bit as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, it also comprises:
Described drill body has one roughly corresponding to the longitudinal axis of the pivot center of the setting of described drill bit;
One is formed on the chamber of the increasing in the described top of described drill body;
Perforate in described chamber is communicated with so that form fluid between described well casing and described chamber;
The fluid passage that at least one is formed in the described drill body, extends between the described bottom of described chamber and described drill body; And
One be arranged in the described fluid passage, be adjacent to the nozzle of the described bottom of described drill body.
20. drill bit as claimed in claim 16 is characterized in that, it also comprises:
Extend at an angle with respect to the longitudinal axis of described drill body described fluid passage, and pass described drill body; And
Described nozzle is in the described fluid passage, so that the guiding fluid flows between described each bite cone assembly.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95194536 CN1155316A (en) | 1994-08-08 | 1995-08-08 | Rock bit with enhanced fluid return area |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/287,457 | 1994-08-08 | ||
| CN 95194536 CN1155316A (en) | 1994-08-08 | 1995-08-08 | Rock bit with enhanced fluid return area |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1155316A true CN1155316A (en) | 1997-07-23 |
Family
ID=5082748
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 95194536 Pending CN1155316A (en) | 1994-08-08 | 1995-08-08 | Rock bit with enhanced fluid return area |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1155316A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100449109C (en) * | 2002-10-04 | 2009-01-07 | 亨利·华莱士·穆多奇 | Rotary mine drilling bit for making blast holes |
-
1995
- 1995-08-08 CN CN 95194536 patent/CN1155316A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN100449109C (en) * | 2002-10-04 | 2009-01-07 | 亨利·华莱士·穆多奇 | Rotary mine drilling bit for making blast holes |
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