CN115529084A - Phase tracking device and method based on coherent system - Google Patents
Phase tracking device and method based on coherent system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a phase tracking device and method based on a coherent system, wherein the device comprises: the device comprises a reflection module, a frequency mixing module, a detection module and a control module; the reflecting module is used for receiving the first light beam and then transmitting the first light beam to the frequency mixing module; the frequency mixing module is used for mixing the second light beam with the first light beam after generating the second light beam, and transmitting the obtained third light beam to the detection module; the detection module is used for dividing the third light beam into two parts, respectively converting the intensity information of the two parts of the third light beam into current information, and transmitting all the current information to the control module; the control module is used for resolving the current information and transmitting the obtained angle compensation information to the reflection module, and the reflection module is adjusted according to the angle compensation information. The two parts of the third light beams are respectively converted into current information, and the current information is resolved to obtain angle compensation information, so that adjustment is performed according to the angle compensation information, and the precision and the isolation of the laser communication tracking system are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser communication, in particular to a phase tracking device and method based on a coherent system.
Background
Laser communication requires a high precision tracking system to ensure double-ended dynamic alignment due to its extremely narrow beam. The laser communication tracking system mainly comprises an actuator, a controller and a detector, wherein the detector is used as a detection unit of the closed-loop tracking system, and the performance of the detector directly determines the upper limit of the performance of the tracking system. The existing laser communication tracking system realizes the detection of the position of a light spot by means of intensity position detection, and feeds back the miss distance information of the light spot in real time by calculating the distance between the center of mass and a calibration center of the light spot after the position of the light spot is obtained. The method starts from the birth of dynamic laser communication, develops a large amount of research and verification work at home and abroad, and has the advantages of high precision, wide detection range and the like.
However, with the development of the laser communication technology from ground verification to satellite-borne application, the inter-satellite communication puts higher requirements on the isolation and precision of the laser communication tracking system, and the prior art has the following disadvantages:
(1) The existing laser communication tracking system adopts detectors such as a camera and a position sensor, the response wavelength of the detectors is wide, and the wavelength filtering capability of an optical system in front of the detectors is poor, so that the isolation of the tracking system is poor, and narrow wavelength detection or matched wavelength detection is difficult to realize;
(2) The existing laser communication tracking system adopts an intensity position detection method, the detection precision of the method is directly determined by the pixel size of the detector, and the improvement of the precision by a large margin is difficult to realize under the condition of the existing detector preparation process.
Thus, the prior art has yet to be improved and enhanced.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a phase tracking device and method based on a coherent system, and aims to solve the problems of poor isolation and poor precision in a laser communication tracking system in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a phase tracking apparatus based on a coherent regime, the phase tracking apparatus based on a coherent regime comprising: the device comprises a reflection module, a frequency mixing module, a detection module and a control module;
the control module is respectively connected with the reflection module and the detection module, and the reflection module, the frequency mixing module and the detection module are sequentially arranged in front of and behind the control module;
the reflection module is used for receiving the first light beam and then transmitting the first light beam to the frequency mixing module; the frequency mixing module is used for mixing the second light beam with the first light beam after generating the second light beam and transmitting the obtained third light beam to the detection module; the detection module is used for dividing the third light beam into two parts, respectively converting the intensity information of the two parts of the third light beam into current information, and transmitting all the current information to the control module; the control module is used for resolving the current information and transmitting the obtained angle compensation information to the reflection module, and the reflection module is adjusted according to the angle compensation information.
In the phase tracking apparatus based on the coherent system, the mixing module includes: the laser frequency mixing device comprises a laser emitting unit and a laser frequency mixing unit; the control module, the laser frequency mixing unit and the laser emitting unit are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the reflection module, the laser frequency mixing unit and the detection module are sequentially arranged from front to back;
the laser emission unit is used for generating the second light beam and transmitting the second light beam to the laser mixing unit; the laser mixing unit is used for mixing the first light beam and the second light beam and transmitting the third light beam obtained by mixing to the detection module.
In the phase tracking device based on the coherent system, the detection module includes: a first detection unit and a second detection unit; the control module is respectively connected with the first detection unit and the second detection unit, the first detection unit, the second detection unit and the control module are arranged in parallel up and down, the reflection module, the laser frequency mixing unit and the first detection unit are sequentially arranged from front to back, and the reflection module, the laser frequency mixing unit and the second detection unit are sequentially arranged from front to back; the first detection unit is used for receiving a part of third light beams, converting the third light beams into first current information and transmitting the first current information to the control module; and the second detection unit is used for converting the other part of the third light beam into second current information and transmitting the second current information to the control module.
In the phase tracking device based on the coherent system, the reflection module includes: a fast reflector; the quick reflector is connected with the control module, and the quick reflector, the frequency mixing module and the detection module are sequentially arranged from front to back.
In the phase tracking device based on the coherent system, the control module includes: a controller; the controller and the reflection module are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the controller and the frequency mixing module are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the controller and the detection module are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
In the phase tracking device based on the coherent system, the laser emitting unit includes: a local oscillator laser; the control module, the laser frequency mixing unit and the local oscillator laser are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
In the phase tracking apparatus based on the coherent system, the laser mixing unit includes: a beam combining mirror; the control module, the beam combining mirror and the local oscillator laser are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the reflection module, the beam combining mirror and the detection module are sequentially arranged from front to back.
In the phase tracking apparatus based on the coherent system, the first detection unit includes: a first detector; the control module, the first detector and the second detection unit are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the reflection module, the beam combiner and the first detector are sequentially arranged from front to back.
In the phase tracking apparatus based on the coherent system, the second detection unit includes: a second detector; the control module, the first detector and the second detector are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the reflection module, the beam combiner and the second detector are sequentially arranged from front to back.
In the phase tracking device based on the coherent system, the first light beam is a target light beam; the second light beam is a local oscillator light beam; the third light beam is a mixed light beam.
A coherent system-based phase tracking method based on the coherent system-based phase tracking apparatus as described above, the coherent system-based phase tracking method comprising the steps of:
after the reflection module receives the first light beam, the first light beam is transmitted to the frequency mixing module;
after the frequency mixing module generates a second light beam, the second light beam and the first light beam are subjected to frequency mixing, and an obtained third light beam is transmitted to the detection module;
the detection module divides the third light beam into two parts, respectively converts the intensity information of the two parts of the third light beam into current information, and transmits all the current information to the control module;
the control module is used for resolving the current information and transmitting the obtained angle compensation information to the reflection module;
and the reflection module is adjusted according to the angle compensation information.
In the phase tracking method based on the coherent system, the phase tracking method based on the coherent system specifically includes the following steps:
after receiving a target light beam, the quick reflector transmits the target light beam to the beam combiner; wherein the target beam is the first beam;
after the local oscillator laser generates a local oscillator light beam, transmitting the local oscillator light beam to the beam combining mirror; the local oscillator light beam is the second light beam;
after the beam combining mirror receives the target light beam and the local oscillator light beam simultaneously, the local oscillator light beam and the target light beam are subjected to frequency mixing, and the obtained frequency mixing light beam is transmitted to a first detector and a second detector; wherein the mixed light beam is the third light beam;
the first detector converts one part of the received mixed light beam into first current information and transmits the first current information to the controller, and the second detector converts the other part of the received mixed light beam into second current information and transmits the second current information to the controller;
the controller correspondingly resolves the first current information and the second current information into first phase difference information and second phase difference information, obtains the angle compensation information according to the first phase difference information, the second phase difference information, the target light beam and an offset angle calculation formula, and transmits the angle compensation information to the quick reflector;
and the fast reflector adjusts the angle according to the angle compensation information.
In the phase tracking method based on the coherent system, the step of the controller correspondingly resolving the first current information and the second current information into first phase difference information and second phase difference information, obtaining the angle compensation information according to the first phase difference information, the second phase difference information, the target beam and an offset angle calculation formula, and transmitting the angle compensation information to the fast mirror specifically includes:
the controller correspondingly resolves the first current information and the second current information into first phase difference information and second phase difference information;
the controller calculates the difference value of the first phase difference information and the second phase difference information to obtain a light beam phase difference;
the controller calculates to obtain an optical path difference according to the light beam phase difference and the wavelength of the target light beam;
and the controller obtains the angle compensation information according to the optical path difference and the offset angle calculation formula and transmits the angle compensation information to the quick reflector.
Compared with the prior art, the phase tracking device and method based on the coherent system provided by the invention comprise: the device comprises a reflection module, a frequency mixing module, a detection module and a control module; the reflecting module is used for receiving the first light beam and then transmitting the first light beam to the frequency mixing module; the frequency mixing module is used for mixing the second light beam with the first light beam after generating the second light beam and transmitting the obtained third light beam to the detection module; the detection module is used for dividing the third light beam into two parts, respectively converting the intensity information of the two parts of the third light beam into current information, and transmitting all the current information to the control module; the control module is used for resolving the current information and transmitting the obtained angle compensation information to the reflection module, and the reflection module is used for adjusting according to the angle compensation information. The two parts of the third light beams are respectively converted into current information, and the current information is resolved to obtain angle compensation information, so that adjustment is performed according to the angle compensation information, and the precision and the isolation of the laser communication tracking system are improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a phase tracking apparatus based on a coherent system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of coherent laser tracking in an aligned state according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of coherent system laser tracking under an angular offset state according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of a phase tracking method based on a coherent system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a detailed flowchart of a phase tracking method based on a coherent system according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a flowchart of step S50 in the detailed flowchart of the phase tracking method based on the coherent system according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals: 100: a reflection module; 200: a frequency mixing module; 210: a laser emitting unit; 220: a laser mixing unit; 300: a detection module; 310: a first detection unit; 320: a second detection unit; 400: and a control module.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and effects of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", "the" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "connected" or "coupled" to another element, it can be directly connected or coupled to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. Further, "connected" or "coupled" as used herein may include wirelessly connected or wirelessly coupled. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes all or any element and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that, unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the prior art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
(for the convenience of understanding the embodiments of the present application, relevant elements related to the embodiments of the present invention will be described first.)
The invention provides a phase tracking device and method based on a coherent system. According to the invention, the frequency mixing module is used for mixing the first light beam and the second light beam to obtain the third light beam, the detection module is used for respectively converting the intensity information of the two parts of the third light beam into the current information, and the control module is used for resolving the current information to obtain the angle compensation information, so that the reflection module can be adjusted according to the angle compensation information, and the precision and the isolation of the laser communication tracking system are effectively improved.
The following describes a design scheme of a phase tracking device based on a coherent system by using a specific exemplary embodiment, and it should be noted that the following embodiment is only used to explain the technical scheme of the invention, and is not specifically limited:
referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the phase tracking apparatus based on coherent system according to the present invention includes: a reflection module 100, a frequency mixing module 200, a detection module 300 and a control module 400;
the control module 400 is respectively connected to the reflection module 100 and the detection module 300, and the reflection module 100, the frequency mixing module 200 and the detection module 300 are sequentially arranged in front and back;
the reflection module 100 is configured to receive the first light beam and transmit the first light beam to the frequency mixing module 200; the frequency mixing module 200 is configured to, after generating a second light beam, mix the second light beam with the first light beam, and transmit an obtained third light beam to the detection module 300; the detection module 300 is configured to divide the third light beam into two parts, convert intensity information of the two parts of the third light beam into current information, and transmit all the current information to the control module 400; the control module 400 is configured to calculate the current information, and transmit the obtained angle compensation information to the reflection module 100, so that the reflection module 100 performs adjustment according to the angle compensation information. Wherein the first light beam is a target light beam 3; the second light beam is a local oscillation light beam 4; the third light beam is a mixed light beam 8.
Specifically, when the phase tracking apparatus based on the coherent system starts to work, the reflection module 100 receives the first light beam (the target light beam 3), transmits the first light beam to the frequency mixing module 200, and at the same time, after the frequency mixing module 200 generates a second light beam (the local oscillator light beam 4), mixes the second light beam with the first light beam received at the same time to obtain a third light beam (the frequency mixing light beam 8), and transmits the third light beam to the detection module 300; secondly, the detection module 300 divides the third light beam into two parts to obtain the upper and lower parts (the two parts are not necessarily equal) of the third light beam, and respectively converts the intensity information of the two parts of the third light beam into current information, and then transmits the current information to the control module 400, the control module 400 calculates the current information to obtain angle compensation information, and transmits the angle compensation information to the reflection module 100, and finally, the reflection module 100 adjusts the angle according to the angle compensation information.
In the present invention, the frequency mixing module 200 first mixes the first light beam and the second light beam transmitted through the sub-channel to obtain the third light beam, then the detection module 300 first divides the third light beam into two parts, and then converts the intensity information of the two parts of the third light beam into current information, then the control module 400 calculates all the current information to obtain angle compensation information, and finally the reflection module 100 adjusts according to the angle compensation information, so that the angle compensation information is obtained according to the frequency mixed third light beam, and is used for adjusting the reflection module 100, thereby effectively improving the precision and isolation of the laser communication tracking system.
Further, the mixing module 200 includes: a laser emitting unit 210 and a laser mixing unit 220; the control module 400, the laser mixing unit 220 and the laser emitting unit 210 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the reflection module 100, the laser mixing unit 220 and the detection module 300 are sequentially arranged from front to back;
the laser emitting unit 210 is configured to generate the second light beam and transmit the second light beam to the laser mixing unit 220; the laser mixing unit 220 is configured to mix the first light beam and the second light beam, and transmit the third light beam obtained by mixing to the detection module 300.
Specifically, while the reflection module 100 receives the first light beam and transmits the first light beam to the mixing module 200, the laser emitting unit 210 generates the second light beam and transmits the second light beam to the laser mixing unit 220; the laser mixing unit 220 mixes the first light beam and the second light beam received at the same time, and transmits the third light beam obtained by mixing to the detection module 300, so that the detection module 300 converts all the third light beams into the current information.
The first light beam and the second light beam received at the same time are mixed by the laser mixing unit 220, so that the phase tracking device based on the coherent system has the characteristic of coherent mixing amplification, namely, an extremely narrow optical filter exists, the isolation between the tracking system and the communication system is improved, the high-power emission of the communication system can be realized, and the high-speed remote laser communication can be realized.
Still further, the detection module 300 includes: a first detection unit 310 and a second detection unit 320; the control module 400 is respectively connected to the first detection unit 310 and the second detection unit 320, the first detection unit 310, the second detection unit 320 and the control module 400 are arranged in parallel up and down, the reflection module 100, the laser frequency mixing unit 220 and the first detection unit 310 are sequentially arranged from front to back, and the reflection module 100, the laser frequency mixing unit 220 and the second detection unit 320 are sequentially arranged from front to back; the first detection unit 310 is configured to receive a part of the third beam, convert the received third beam into first current information, and transmit the first current information to the control module 400; the second detecting unit 320 is configured to convert the received second portion of the third beam into second current information, and transmit the second current information to the control module 400.
Specifically, after the laser mixing unit 220 mixes the first light beam and the second light beam received at the same time, the laser mixing unit 220 transmits the obtained third light beam to the first detection unit 310 and the second detection unit 320, and since the first detection unit 310 and the second detection unit 320 are two independent original components, when the third light beam enters the first detection unit 310 and the second detection unit 320, the third light beam is automatically divided into two parts, one part of the third light beam enters the first detection unit 310, and the other part of the third light beam enters the second detection unit 320.
Then, the first detecting unit 310 converts a part of the third light beam into the first current information and transmits the first current information to the control module 400, and the second detecting unit 320 converts another part of the third light beam into the second current information and transmits the second current information to the control module 400, so that the control module 400 performs calculation according to the first current signal and the second current signal to obtain the angle compensation information. After the first detection unit 310 and the second detection unit 320 automatically isolate the third light beam, the third light beam is converted into the first current information and the second current information, so that the control module 400 can calculate the angle compensation information according to the first current signal and the second current signal, thereby effectively providing a basis for calculating the angle compensation information.
Further, referring to fig. 2, the reflection module 100 includes: a fast mirror 2; the fast reflector 2 is connected to the control module 400, and the fast reflector 2, the frequency mixing module 200 and the detection module 300 are sequentially arranged in front and at the back.
Specifically, when the phase tracking apparatus based on the coherent system starts to operate, the fast reflector 2 receives the first light beam and reflects the first light beam to the laser mixing unit 220, so that the laser mixing unit 220 mixes the first light beam and the second light beam received at the same time. In the present invention, the fast reflector 2 receives the first light beam and transmits the first light beam to the laser mixing unit 220, so that the first light beam is transmitted separately, and isolation of a communication system is achieved.
Still further, the control module 400 includes: a controller 1; the controller 1 and the reflection module 100 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the controller 1 and the frequency mixing module 200 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the controller 1 and the detection module 300 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
Specifically, after the first detection unit 310 and the second detection unit 320 respectively convert a part of the third light beam and another part of the third light beam into the first current information and the second current information, the first detection unit 310 transmits the first current information to the controller 1, and the second detection unit 320 transmits the second current information to the controller 1.
Then, the controller 1 correspondingly resolves the first current information and the second current information into first phase difference information
And second phase difference information
And calculating the difference value between the first phase difference information and the second phase difference information to obtain the light beam phase difference
(ii) a Secondly, the controller 1 calculates the optical path difference according to the light beam phase difference and the wavelength of the first light beam
(ii) a Wherein R is the optical path difference 11,
the wavelength of the object beam 3 (first beam),
is the beam phase difference; finally, the controller 1 obtains the angle compensation information according to the optical path difference 11 and the offset angle calculation formula, that is, according to the optical path difference 11 and the offset angle calculation formula
(ii) a Wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the angle compensation information is obtained for an offset angle 10, d being the distance between the respective centers of the first detection unit 310 and the second detection unit 320
And transmits the angle compensation information to the fast mirror 2, the fast mirror 2 performs an angular displacement such that the compensation offset angle 10 approaches 0 °.
According to the method and the device, the controller 1 is used for finally calculating the angle compensation information according to the first phase difference information and the second phase difference information, so that the fast reflector 2 can carry out angle adjustment according to the angle compensation information, the phase difference information of the first light beam and the phase difference information of the second light beam are obtained through calculation, the angle compensation information is obtained through calculation, the fast reflector 2 can be adjusted, the accuracy of a communication tracking system is effectively improved, the tracking accuracy is improved by more than one order of magnitude, and a technical foundation is laid for long-distance laser communication.
Further, the laser emitting unit 210 includes: a local oscillator laser 5; the control module 400, the laser frequency mixing unit 220, and the local oscillator laser 5 are sequentially arranged up and down.
Specifically, after the fast mirror 2 reflects the received first light beam to the laser frequency mixing unit 220, the local oscillator laser 5 emits the second light beam and enters the laser frequency mixing unit 220 at the same time, so that the laser frequency mixing unit 220 can mix the first light beam and the second light beam received at the same time. By precisely tuning the wavelength of the local oscillator beam 4 by the local oscillator laser 5, the frequency of the intermediate frequency signal (mixing beam 8) generated by the target beam 3 and the local oscillator beam 4 in a coherent manner may be smaller than the response bandwidth of the detector, so that the first detection unit 310 and the second detection unit 320 can accurately detect the mixing beam 8.
And, through local oscillator laser 5 transmission the second light beam gets into simultaneously laser mixing unit 220, with the first light beam carries out the frequency mixing, has not only realized the independent transmission the second light beam, can also reduce to the influence of first light beam improves the reliability, and coherent system tracking technology in this application is under the rabdosis operating mode or has laser blindness scene, and the tracking system detector is more difficult to saturate, can realize effectively avoiding before communication detector saturates.
Further, the laser mixing unit 220 includes: a beam combining mirror 9; the control module 400, the beam combiner 9 and the local oscillator laser 5 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the reflection module 100, the beam combiner 9 and the detection module 300 are sequentially arranged from front to back.
Specifically, after the fast reflector 2 reflects the received first light beam, the fast reflector 2 sends the first light beam to the beam combiner 9, and meanwhile, the local oscillator laser 5 sends the second light beam to the beam combiner 9, the beam combiner 9 mixes the first light beam and the second light beam to obtain the third light beam, and transmits the third light beam to the first detection unit 310 and the second detection unit 320, so that the first detection unit 310 and the second detection unit 320 respectively convert a part of the third light beam and another part of the third light beam to obtain current information. According to the invention, the first light beam and the second light beam are subjected to frequency mixing through the beam combining mirror 9, so that the communication light beam is effectively amplified, the characteristic of coherent frequency mixing amplification is achieved, and the isolation between a tracking system and a communication system is improved.
Further, the first detection unit 310 includes: a first detector 6; the control module 400, the first detector 6 and the second detection unit 320 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the reflection module 100, the beam combiner 9 and the first detector 6 are sequentially arranged from front to back.
The second detection unit 320 includes: a second detector 7; the control module 400, the first detector 6 and the second detector 7 are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the reflection module 100, the beam combiner 9 and the second detector 7 are sequentially arranged from front to back. In this embodiment, the first detector 6 and the second detector 7 may be arranged in parallel up and down, and at this time, the third light beam is divided into two parts to obtain two upper and lower parts of the third light beam; the first detector 6 and the second detector 7 may also be disposed on the same level, left and right, and at this time, the third light beam is also divided into two parts, so as to obtain two left and right parts of the third light beam.
Specifically, after the beam combiner 9 mixes the first light beam and the second light beam received at the same time, the beam combiner 9 transmits the obtained third light beam to the first detector 6 and the second detector 7, and similarly, since the first detector 6 and the second detector 7 are two independent original components, when the third light beam enters the first detector 6 and the second detector 7, the third light beam is automatically divided into two parts, one part of the third light beam enters the first detector 6, and the other part of the third light beam enters the second detector 7; then, the first detector 6 and the second detector 7 convert the intensity information of the two portions of the third light beam into the first current information and the second current information, respectively, and send the first current information and the second current information to the controller 1.
Secondly, the controller 1 refers to the principle of a coherent communication receiver (in the coherent optical communication receiver, beat frequency of the signal light beam and the local oscillator light beam 4 is mainly utilized to form beat frequency signals, because the response frequency of the photoelectric detector is limited, only the intermediate frequency part (the frequency difference between the signal light beam and the local oscillator light beam 4) in the beat frequency signals can be responded, and after the intermediate frequency signals are collected by the collecting device, frequency difference information, phase difference information and frequency difference information carried by the intermediate frequency signals can be calculatedAmplitude information so as to realize phase difference calculation of the signal light beam and the local oscillator light beam 4), the first current information and the second current information are respectively calculated to obtain first phase difference information and second phase difference information, and finally, the controller 1 further performs difference on the first phase difference information and the second phase difference information to obtain the light beam phase difference
. This allows the information of the mixed light beam 8 detected by the first detector 6 and the second detector 7 to be used to calculate the offset angle 10 of the mixed light beam 8.
For better understanding of the present invention, the operation principle of the phase tracking device based on coherent system of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 2 and 3:
when the tracking system works, namely when the phase tracking device based on the coherent system starts to work, the target light beam 3 is reflected by the quick reflector 2 and enters the beam combiner 9; meanwhile, the local oscillator laser 5 emits the local oscillator light beam 4 to enter the beam combining mirror 9. Then, the beam combiner 9 mixes the target light beam 3 and the local oscillator light beam 4 to form a mixed light beam 8, the upper half area of the mixed light beam 8 enters the first detector 6, the lower half area of the mixed light beam enters the second detector 7, that is, a whole third light beam is projected on a plane, one part of the third light beam enters the first detector 6, and the other part of the third light beam enters the second detector 7.
As shown in fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of coherent system laser tracking in an alignment state, if the target light beam 3 is aligned with the fast reflector 2, the angle between the target light beam 3 and the frequency mixing light beam 8 is the same, and the included angle between the frequency mixing light beam 8 and the first detector 6 and the second detector 7 is the same as that between the frequency mixing light beam 8 and the fast reflector 2
(12) At 0 deg., the phase of the upper half area of the mixed light beam 8
Phase with the lower half area
Identity, i.e. beam phase difference
Is 0.
As shown in fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of coherent system laser tracking in an angle offset state, when the target beam 3 is offset, an offset angle 10 is
And similarly, after the reflection of the fast reflector 2, the target light beam 3 and the local oscillator light beam 4 jointly enter the beam combiner 9 for frequency mixing to form the frequency mixing light beam 8, and the included angle between the frequency mixing light beam 8 and the first detector 6 and the second detector 7
(12) Equal to the offset angle 10, the phase of the upper half of the mixed beam 8 is now equal
Phase with the lower half area
There is the beam phase difference
And the light beams are out of phase
The following relationship exists with the optical path difference 11 between the upper half area optical path and the lower half area optical path:
wherein R isWhich is the difference in the optical path length 11,
is the wavelength of the object beam 3,
is the beam phase difference. Then, the controller 1 can calculate the optical path difference 11 according to formula (1).
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, the beam phase difference
The following relationship exists with the offset angle 10:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the offset angle 10 d is the distance between the respective centers of the first detector 6 and the second detector 7. Then, the controller 1 calculates the angle compensation information according to equation (2).
And finally, the controller 1 inputs the information of the offset angle 10 into the quick reflector 2, and the quick reflector 2 executes angular displacement operation until the offset angle 10 is compensated and approaches 0 degree, so that complete optical closed-loop control is formed, and real-time tracking of laser communication is realized.
Referring to fig. 4, the phase tracking method based on the coherent system according to the present invention based on the phase tracking apparatus based on the coherent system includes the following steps:
s100, after the reflection module 100 receives a first light beam, transmitting the first light beam to the frequency mixing module 200;
s200, after the frequency mixing module 200 generates a second light beam, mixing the second light beam with the first light beam, and transmitting an obtained third light beam to the detection module 300;
s300, the detection module 300 divides the third light beam into two parts, respectively converts the intensity information of the two parts of the third light beam into current information, and transmits all the current information to the control module 400;
s400, the control module 400 calculates the current information and transmits the obtained angle compensation information to the reflection module 100;
and S500, the reflection module 100 adjusts according to the angle compensation information.
Specifically, when the phase tracking apparatus based on the coherent system starts to work, the reflection module 100 receives the first light beam (the target light beam 3), transmits the first light beam to the frequency mixing module 200, and at the same time, after the frequency mixing module 200 generates the second light beam (the local oscillator light beam 4), mixes the second light beam with the first light beam received at the same time to obtain the third light beam (the frequency mixing light beam 8), and transmits the third light beam to the detection module 300; secondly, the detection module 300 divides the third light beam into two parts to obtain an upper part and a lower part of the third light beam, respectively converts intensity information of the two parts of the third light beam into current information, and transmits the current information to the control module 400, the control module 400 calculates the current information to obtain angle compensation information, and transmits the angle compensation information to the reflection module 100, and finally, the reflection module 100 adjusts an angle according to the angle compensation information.
Further, referring to fig. 5, the phase tracking method based on the coherent system specifically includes the following steps:
s10, after receiving a target light beam 3, the fast reflector 2 transmits the target light beam 3 to a beam combiner 9; wherein the target beam 3 is the first beam;
s20, after the local oscillator laser 5 generates a local oscillator light beam 4, transmitting the local oscillator light beam 4 to the beam combining mirror 9; wherein, the local oscillator beam 4 is the second beam;
s30, after the beam combiner 9 receives the target light beam 3 and the local oscillator light beam 4 simultaneously, mixing the local oscillator light beam 4 and the target light beam 3, and transmitting an obtained mixed light beam 8 to a first detector 6 and a second detector 7; wherein the mixed light beam 8 is the third light beam;
s40, the first detector 6 converts a part of the received mixed light beam 8 into first current information and transmits the first current information to the controller 1, and the second detector 7 converts another part of the received mixed light beam 8 into second current information and transmits the second current information to the controller 1;
s50, the controller 1 correspondingly resolves the first current information and the second current information into first phase difference information and second phase difference information, obtains angle compensation information according to the first phase difference information, the second phase difference information, the target beam 3 and an offset angle calculation formula, and transmits the angle compensation information to the quick reflector 2;
and S60, the fast reflector 2 adjusts the angle according to the angle compensation information.
Specifically, when the tracking system is in operation, that is, when the phase tracking device based on the coherent system starts to operate, the target light beam 3 is reflected by the fast reflector 2 and enters the beam combiner 9; meanwhile, the local oscillator laser 5 emits the local oscillator light beam 4 to enter the beam combining mirror 9. Then, the beam combiner 9 mixes the target light beam 3 and the local oscillator light beam 4 to form a mixed light beam 8, the upper half area of the mixed light beam 8 enters the first detector 6, the lower half area of the mixed light beam enters the second detector 7, that is, a whole third light beam is projected on a plane, one part of the third light beam enters the first detector 6, and the other part of the third light beam enters the second detector 7. At this time, the local oscillator laser 5 further precisely tunes the wavelength of the local oscillator beam 4, so that the intermediate frequency signal frequency (mixed beam 8) generated by the target beam 3 and the local oscillator beam 4 in a coherent manner is smaller than the response bandwidth of the detector, thereby enabling the first detector 6 and the second detector 7 to accurately detect the mixed beam 8.
Secondly, the first detector 6 converts a part of the received mixed light beam 8 into first current information and transmits the first current information to the controller 1, and the second detector 7 converts another part of the received mixed light beam 8 into second current information and transmits the second current information to the controller 1; the controller 1 correspondingly resolves the first current information and the second current information into first phase difference information and second phase difference information, obtains the angle compensation information according to the first phase difference information, the second phase difference information, the target beam 3 and a deviation angle calculation formula, and transmits the angle compensation information to the fast reflector 2 by the controller 1, so that the fast reflector 2 performs angle compensation according to the angle compensation information, that is, the fast reflector 2 performs angle adjustment according to the angle compensation information.
Further, referring to fig. 6, in S50, the step of the controller 1 correspondingly resolving the first current information and the second current information into first phase difference information and second phase difference information, obtaining the angle compensation information according to the first phase difference information, the second phase difference information, the target beam 3 and an offset angle calculation formula, and transmitting the angle compensation information to the fast mirror 2 specifically includes:
s51, the controller 1 correspondingly resolves the first current information and the second current information into first phase difference information and second phase difference information;
s52, the controller 1 calculates the difference value of the first phase difference information and the second phase difference information to obtain a light beam phase difference;
s53, the controller 1 calculates an optical path difference 11 according to the beam phase difference and the wavelength of the target beam 3;
and S54, the controller 1 obtains the angle compensation information according to the optical path difference 11 and the offset angle calculation formula, and transmits the angle compensation information to the fast reflector 2.
Specifically, after the first detector 6 transmits the first current information and the second detector 7 transmits the second current information to the controller 1, first, the controller 1 couples the first current information and the second current information to each otherShould be resolved as first phase difference information
And second phase difference information
And calculating the difference between the first phase difference information and the second phase difference information to obtain the beam phase difference,
and the angle of the mixed light beam 8 with the first detector 6 and the second detector 7
(reference numeral 12 in fig. 3) and the beam phase difference have the following relationship:
if the target beam 3 is aligned to the fast reflector 2, the angle between the target beam 3 and the mixed beam 8 is the same, and the included angle between the mixed beam 8 and the first detector 6 and the second detector 7 is the same
(12) At 0 deg., the phase of the upper half area of the mixed light beam 8
Phase with the lower half area
Identity, i.e. beam phase difference
Is 0.
When the target beam 3 is shifted, the shift angle 10 is
And similarly, after being reflected by the fast reflector 2, the target light beam 3 and the local oscillator light beam 4 jointly enter the beam combiner 9 for frequency mixing to form the frequency mixing light beam 8, and the frequency mixing light beam is mixedThe angle between the frequency beam 8 and the first detector 6 and the second detector 7
(12) Equal to the offset angle 10, the phase of the upper half of the mixed beam 8 is now equal
Phase with the lower half area
There is the beam phase difference
And the light beams are out of phase
The following relationship exists with the optical path difference 11 between the upper half area optical path and the lower half area optical path:
wherein R is the optical path difference 11,
is the wavelength of the object beam 3,
is the beam phase difference. Then, the controller 1 can calculate the optical path difference 11 according to formula (1).
And, the beam phase difference
The following relationship (the offset angle calculation formula) exists with the offset angle 10:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the offset angle 10 d is the distance between the respective centers of the first detector 6 and the second detector 7.
Then, the controller 1 calculates the angle compensation information according to formula (2), and the controller 1 transmits the angle compensation information to the fast mirror 2.
Further, please continue to refer to fig. 5, in S60, the fast reflector 2 adjusts an angle according to the angle compensation information.
Specifically, after the controller 1 transmits the angle compensation information to the fast reflector 2, the fast reflector 2 performs an angular displacement operation until the compensation offset angle 10 approaches 0 °, so as to form a complete optical closed-loop control, implement real-time tracking of laser communication, and implement real-time tracking of laser communication. By repeating the above steps to transmit the target beam 3 and the local oscillator beam 4 up to the adjustment of the fast mirror 2, an optical closed-loop controlled laser communication tracking system can be formed.
Compared with the phase tracking method in the prior art, the phase tracking method based on the coherent system has the following beneficial effects:
first, high accuracy: the tracking precision of the coherent system tracking technology is improved by more than one order of magnitude, and a technical foundation is laid for long-distance laser communication;
second, high isolation: the coherent system tracking technology has the characteristic of coherent mixing amplification, namely, an extremely narrow optical filter exists, so that the isolation between the tracking system and the communication system is improved, high-power emission of the communication system can be realized, and high-speed remote laser communication is realized;
thirdly, high reliability: under the condition of a day-to-the-sun working condition or a scene with laser blindness, a tracking system detector is more difficult to saturate, and effective avoidance can be realized before a communication detector is saturated.
In summary, the present invention provides a phase tracking apparatus and method based on coherent system, the apparatus includes: the device comprises a reflection module, a frequency mixing module, a detection module and a control module; the reflecting module is used for receiving the first light beam and then transmitting the first light beam to the frequency mixing module; the frequency mixing module is used for mixing the second light beam with the first light beam after generating the second light beam, and transmitting the obtained third light beam to the detection module; the detection module is used for dividing the third light beam into two parts, respectively converting the intensity information of the two parts of the third light beam into current information and transmitting all the current information to the control module; the control module is used for resolving the current information and transmitting the obtained angle compensation information to the reflection module, and the reflection module is adjusted according to the angle compensation information. The two parts of the third light beams are respectively converted into current information, and the current information is resolved to obtain angle compensation information, so that adjustment is performed according to the angle compensation information, and the precision and the isolation of the laser communication tracking system are improved.
It should be understood that equivalents and modifications of the technical solution and inventive concept thereof may occur to those skilled in the art, and all such modifications and alterations should fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. A phase tracking apparatus based on a coherent system, comprising: the device comprises a reflection module, a frequency mixing module, a detection module and a control module;
the control module is respectively connected with the reflection module and the detection module, and the reflection module, the frequency mixing module and the detection module are sequentially arranged in front of and behind the control module;
the reflection module is used for receiving the first light beam and then transmitting the first light beam to the frequency mixing module; the frequency mixing module is used for mixing the second light beam with the first light beam after generating the second light beam and transmitting the obtained third light beam to the detection module; the detection module is used for dividing the third light beam into two parts, respectively converting the intensity information of the two parts of the third light beam into current information, and transmitting all the current information to the control module; the control module is used for resolving the current information and transmitting the obtained angle compensation information to the reflection module, and the reflection module is adjusted according to the angle compensation information.
2. The coherent regime based phase tracking apparatus of claim 1, wherein the mixing module comprises: the laser frequency mixing device comprises a laser emitting unit and a laser frequency mixing unit; the control module, the laser frequency mixing unit and the laser emitting unit are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the reflection module, the laser frequency mixing unit and the detection module are sequentially arranged from front to back;
the laser emitting unit is used for generating the second light beam and transmitting the second light beam to the laser mixing unit; the laser mixing unit is used for mixing the first light beam and the second light beam and transmitting the third light beam obtained by mixing to the detection module.
3. The coherent regime based phase tracking apparatus of claim 2, wherein the detection module comprises: a first detection unit and a second detection unit; the control module is respectively connected with the first detection unit and the second detection unit, the first detection unit, the second detection unit and the control module are arranged in parallel up and down, the reflection module, the laser frequency mixing unit and the first detection unit are sequentially arranged from front to back, and the reflection module, the laser frequency mixing unit and the second detection unit are sequentially arranged from front to back; the first detection unit is used for receiving a part of third light beams, converting the third light beams into first current information and transmitting the first current information to the control module; and the second detection unit is used for converting the other part of the third beam into second current information and transmitting the second current information to the control module.
4. The phase tracking apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the reflection module comprises: a fast reflector; the quick reflector is connected with the control module, and the quick reflector, the frequency mixing module and the detection module are sequentially arranged from front to back.
5. The coherent regime based phase tracking apparatus of claim 1, wherein the control module comprises: a controller; the controller and the reflection module are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, the controller and the frequency mixing module are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the controller and the detection module are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
6. The phase tracking device according to claim 3, wherein the laser emitting unit comprises: a local oscillator laser; the control module, the laser frequency mixing unit and the local oscillator laser are sequentially arranged from top to bottom.
7. The phase tracking device according to claim 6, wherein the laser mixing unit comprises: a beam combining mirror; the control module, the beam combining mirror and the local oscillator laser are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the reflection module, the beam combining mirror and the detection module are sequentially arranged from front to back.
8. The coherent regime based phase tracking apparatus of claim 7, wherein the first detection unit comprises: a first detector; the control module, the first detector and the second detection unit are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the reflection module, the beam combiner and the first detector are sequentially arranged from front to back.
9. The phase tracking apparatus according to claim 8, wherein the second detecting unit comprises: a second detector; the control module, the first detector and the second detector are sequentially arranged from top to bottom, and the reflection module, the beam combiner and the second detector are sequentially arranged from front to back.
10. The phase tracking apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the first light beam is a target light beam; the second light beam is a local oscillator light beam; the third light beam is a mixed light beam.
11. A phase tracking method based on a coherent system based on the phase tracking apparatus based on a coherent system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the phase tracking method based on a coherent system comprises the steps of:
after the reflection module receives the first light beam, the first light beam is transmitted to the frequency mixing module;
after the frequency mixing module generates a second light beam, the second light beam and the first light beam are subjected to frequency mixing, and an obtained third light beam is transmitted to the detection module;
the detection module divides the third light beam into two parts, respectively converts the intensity information of the two parts of the third light beam into current information, and transmits all the current information to the control module;
the control module is used for resolving the current information and transmitting the obtained angle compensation information to the reflection module;
and the reflection module is adjusted according to the angle compensation information.
12. The phase tracking method based on the coherent system according to claim 11, wherein the phase tracking method based on the coherent system specifically includes the following steps:
after receiving a target light beam, the quick reflector transmits the target light beam to the beam combiner; wherein the target beam is the first beam;
after the local oscillator laser generates a local oscillator light beam, transmitting the local oscillator light beam to the beam combining mirror; the local oscillator light beam is the second light beam;
after the beam combining mirror receives the target light beam and the local oscillator light beam simultaneously, the local oscillator light beam and the target light beam are subjected to frequency mixing, and the obtained frequency mixing light beam is transmitted to a first detector and a second detector; wherein the mixing beam is the third beam;
the first detector converts one part of the received mixed light beam into first current information and transmits the first current information to the controller, and the second detector converts the other part of the received mixed light beam into second current information and transmits the second current information to the controller;
the controller correspondingly resolves the first current information and the second current information into first phase difference information and second phase difference information, obtains the angle compensation information according to the first phase difference information, the second phase difference information, the target light beam and an offset angle calculation formula, and transmits the angle compensation information to the fast reflecting mirror;
and the fast reflector adjusts the angle according to the angle compensation information.
13. The phase tracking method based on the coherent system according to claim 12, wherein the step of the controller correspondingly resolving the first current information and the second current information into first phase difference information and second phase difference information, obtaining the angle compensation information according to the first phase difference information, the second phase difference information, the target beam and an offset angle calculation formula, and transmitting the angle compensation information to the fast mirror specifically includes:
the controller correspondingly resolves the first current information and the second current information into first phase difference information and second phase difference information;
the controller calculates the difference value of the first phase difference information and the second phase difference information to obtain a light beam phase difference;
the controller calculates according to the light beam phase difference and the wavelength of the target light beam to obtain an optical path difference;
and the controller obtains the angle compensation information according to the optical path difference and the offset angle calculation formula and transmits the angle compensation information to the quick reflector.
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