CN115526746A - Self-adaptive power transformation operation and maintenance knowledge learning and skill drilling method and system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an adaptive power substation operation and maintenance knowledge learning and skill drill method, constructing a power substation operation and maintenance knowledge map; performing knowledge learning based on the power substation operation and maintenance knowledge map; performing skill drills based on the power substation operation and maintenance knowledge map, The present invention combines the professional knowledge system of power substation operation and maintenance, through knowledge/skill set construction, learning/drill path planning, learning content recommendation/drill scene generation, cyclic and iterative knowledge learning/skill drill, to realize continuous self-adaptive individual ability level learning Walkthrough process. This method provides an effective solution for realizing personalized training of substation operation and maintenance personnel.

Description

Adaptive substation operation and maintenance knowledge learning and skill drill method and system

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of simulation training learning and skill drills, and in particular relates to an adaptive power transformation operation and maintenance knowledge learning and skill drill method and system.

Background technique

With the development of the new generation of power system construction, a large number of digital and intelligent new equipment and new systems have been put into use in substations, which puts forward higher requirements for the knowledge and skills of substation operation and maintenance personnel. The level of knowledge and skills in daily maintenance of equipment, switching operation, inspection, fault and abnormal handling, maintenance and repair, equipment acceptance, etc. At present, the training for substation operation and maintenance personnel is mainly carried out through theoretical knowledge training, masters leading apprentices, practical training using real equipment, and substation simulation training. Among them, the use of a full digital simulation training system solves the difficult problem of on-site training in real substations, and compared with other training methods, the cost is lower and the efficiency is higher, and it has gradually become the mainstream training method for substation operation and maintenance personnel.

However, most of the existing substation simulation training systems only provide simple learning, practice and examination functions, the management of learning resources is extensive, and the training content is the same for everyone, so the effect is not good.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides an adaptive power transformation operation and maintenance knowledge learning and skill drill method and system, which can

The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

In the first aspect, an adaptive method for knowledge learning and skill drill of power substation operation and maintenance is provided, including:

Construct a knowledge map of substation operation and maintenance;

Knowledge learning based on the substation operation and maintenance knowledge map;

Skill drill based on knowledge map of substation operation and maintenance.

In combination with the first aspect, further, the construction of the substation operation and maintenance knowledge map includes:

Layer the acquired substation operation and maintenance data according to the data object category;

Define the nodes and their attributes in each layer;

Establish the association relationship between each node.

With reference to the first aspect, further, the association relationship includes a containment relationship, a predecessor relationship, and an entity relationship.

In combination with the first aspect, further, the knowledge learning based on the substation operation and maintenance knowledge map includes:

According to the learning tasks of substation operation and maintenance personnel, the knowledge set corresponding to the learning tasks is constructed by using the knowledge map of substation operation and maintenance;

Plan the learning path according to the knowledge set corresponding to the learning task;

According to the planned learning path, the knowledge points to be learned are displayed in the form of graphs and sequences;

Enter the learning, practice or testing link of knowledge learning by selecting the knowledge points to be learned;

Evaluate the ability level of substation operation and maintenance personnel through the test link of knowledge learning or the pre-school quiz in the learning link;

In the learning link, learning resources are recommended according to the ability level of substation operation and maintenance personnel.

In combination with the first aspect, further, the learning resources recommended according to the ability level of the substation operation and maintenance personnel include:

Calculate the distance between substation operation and maintenance personnel and learning resources according to the ability level and learning resources of substation operation and maintenance personnel;

The learning resources with the smaller distance from the substation operation and maintenance personnel are recommended in priority.

In combination with the first aspect, further, the construction of the knowledge set corresponding to the learning task includes:

In the power substation operation and maintenance knowledge map, match the knowledge point with the node name closest to the learning task according to the voltage level and task name, and use this knowledge point as the starting knowledge point to search for all child knowledge points connected to it with the "include" relationship ;

If the knowledge point closest to the learning task does not contain the child knowledge point, search for the predecessor knowledge point connected to the knowledge point with the "leader" relationship, and form the knowledge set with the knowledge point and its predecessor knowledge points, and the knowledge set construction is completed ;

If the knowledge point closest to the learning task contains the child knowledge point, search for the predecessor knowledge point connected to the child knowledge point with the "leader" relationship, and combine the initial knowledge point, the child knowledge point of the initial knowledge point and the child knowledge point The leading knowledge points of the knowledge points form the knowledge set, and the construction of the knowledge set is completed.

In combination with the first aspect, further, the planning learning path includes:

The leading knowledge points have priority over the subsequent knowledge points;

Children's knowledge points take precedence over parents' knowledge points;

The child knowledge points that are also a certain knowledge point, give priority to learning the child life knowledge points that contain more child life knowledge points;

The leading knowledge points of the same knowledge point have the same priority, and the learning order is randomly arranged.

In combination with the first aspect, further, the skill drill based on the power substation operation and maintenance knowledge map includes:

According to the drill tasks of power substation operation and maintenance personnel, the skill set corresponding to the drill tasks is constructed by using the power substation operation and maintenance knowledge map;

Plan skills drill paths based on skill sets;

According to the skill set and skill drill path, the skill points to be drilled are displayed in the form of graph and sequence;

Enter the learning, practice or test link of skill drill by selecting the skill points to be practiced.

In the second aspect, an adaptive substation operation and maintenance knowledge learning and skill training system is provided, including:

Graph building module, used to build a knowledge graph of substation operation and maintenance;

The knowledge learning module is used for knowledge learning based on the substation operation and maintenance knowledge map;

The skill drill module is used to conduct skill drills based on the knowledge map of power substation operation and maintenance.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: the present invention combines the professional knowledge system of substation operation and maintenance, through knowledge/skill set construction, learning/drill path planning, learning content recommendation/drill scene generation, and cyclic iterative knowledge learning/skill drill, to realize continuous self-improvement A learning rehearsal process adapted to the level of individual ability. This method provides an effective solution for realizing personalized training of substation operation and maintenance personnel.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the substation operation and maintenance knowledge map in the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the knowledge learning of substation operation and maintenance in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a flow chart of the substation operation and maintenance skill drill in the present invention.

detailed description

In order to further describe the technical features and effects of the present invention, the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1-3, an adaptive power substation operation and maintenance knowledge learning and skill drill method includes the following steps:

Step 1. Build a knowledge map of substation operation and maintenance

According to the primary and secondary equipment in the actual substation, OMIS, PMIS systems, operation tickets and work tickets, power substation operation and maintenance vocational ability training specification materials, power substation operation and maintenance post ability training specifications and other related materials, according to the physical layer and business layer 3 levels, the basic layer, to sort out the related content of substation operation and maintenance:

1) Physical layer: The physical layer includes all primary and secondary equipment in the substation, as well as actual operation tickets, work tickets, operating procedures, management regulations and other business-related content. The data of the physical layer comes from the real equipment and work tasks in the substation in the physical world.

2) Business layer: In the business layer, the equipment, tools, systems and work tasks (switching, inspection, maintenance, exception handling, accident handling, etc.) in the substation are abstracted and classified according to different voltage levels. The knowledge in the business layer is in one-to-one correspondence with the entities in the physical layer. For example, the "Mogaobian #1 main transformer" in the physical layer corresponds to the "transformer" in the business layer, and the "Mogaobian 7510 circuit breaker" in the physical layer "Comprehensive Inspection of Circuit Breakers" corresponds to "Comprehensive Inspection of Circuit Breakers" in the business layer. The data of the business layer comes from professional teaching materials such as the power substation operation and maintenance vocational ability training specification textbook, the power substation operation and maintenance post ability training specification and other professional textbooks.

3) Basic layer: The basic layer includes the basic concepts and principles involved in power substation operation and maintenance, as the general knowledge to support the professional knowledge and skills of power substation operation and maintenance contained in the business layer. The data of the basic layer comes from basic teaching materials such as power system analysis, power electronics technology, electronic technology, electrical engineering foundation, high voltage technology foundation, electrical knowledge drawing foundation, mechanical drawing and so on.

On this basis, further define the nodes and their attributes in each level, including node type, node name, and node name type. The node types are divided into knowledge nodes, skill nodes and entity nodes (hereinafter collectively referred to as knowledge points, skill points and entity points). Knowledge points are mainly concepts, principles, and theoretical knowledge, such as "the working principle of circuit breakers" It is a point of knowledge. The skill points are based on the operation skills corresponding to power substation operation and maintenance. For example, "circuit breaker running to hot backup" is a skill point. The physical points are the actual equipment, operation tickets, operation and maintenance work content, etc. in the substation. For example, "Mogao station #1 main transformer" and "Mogao station #1 main transformer moisture absorber replacement" are both physical points. According to the above definition, the nodes in the physical layer are all entity points, the nodes in the business layer include knowledge points and skill points, and the nodes in the basic layer are all knowledge points. The node name is the name of the node, and the node name type can be divided into equipment, protection, circuit, component, tool, instrument, task, etc. according to the content represented by the node name.

Further define the relationship between the three nodes, as shown in Figure 1:

1) Inclusion relationship: There is a subordination relationship between the contents represented by the nodes. If the content of node A contains the content of node B, the relationship between node A and node B is "inclusion", and node A points to node B, and Node A is called the parent node of node B, and node B is called the child node of node A. For example, the skill point "circuit breaker inspection" is the parent skill point of the skill points "circuit breaker comprehensive inspection", "circuit breaker routine inspection", "circuit breaker special inspection" and "circuit breaker light-off inspection";

2) Precursor relationship: There is a prerequisite relationship between the content represented by the nodes in terms of learning or practice. If the content of node A is the premise of learning or rehearsing the content of node B, the relationship between node A and node B is "precursor". ”, from node A to node B, and node A is called the forerunner node of node B, and node B is called the successor node of node A. For example, the knowledge point "Circuit Breaker Operation Regulations" is the forerunner knowledge point of the skill point "Circuit Breaker Operation";

3) Entity relationship: there is an instantiated relationship between the contents represented by nodes. If the content of node A is an instantiated object or event of the content of node B, the relationship between node A and node B is "entity" , from node B to node A, and node A is called the instance node of node B, and node B is called the abstract node of node A, for example: the entity point "Mogao Bian #1 main transformer" is an instance of the knowledge point "transformer" Entity point, the entity point "Mogao Change 7510 Circuit Breaker Comprehensive Inspection" is the instance entity point of the skill point "Circuit Breaker Comprehensive Inspection".

Using the relationship of "include", "leader" and "entity", connect the knowledge points, skill points and entity points related to substation operation and maintenance sorted out in the physical layer, business layer and base layer, and complete the construction of the substation operation and maintenance knowledge map.

Step 2. Knowledge learning based on knowledge map of substation operation and maintenance

Based on the constructed substation operation and maintenance knowledge map, a continuous adaptive learning method for substation operation and maintenance knowledge is designed, as shown in Figure 2.

First, according to the learning tasks of substation operation and maintenance personnel, the knowledge set corresponding to the learning tasks is constructed by using the substation operation and maintenance knowledge map. The construction method is as follows:

1) In the power substation operation and maintenance knowledge map, match the knowledge point whose node name is the closest to the learning task according to the voltage level and task name, and use this knowledge point as the starting knowledge point to search for all the child nodes connected to it with the "include" relationship. senior knowledge point;

2) If the knowledge point close to the learning task does not contain the child knowledge point, search for the predecessor knowledge point connected to the knowledge point with the "leader" relationship, and form the knowledge set with the knowledge point and its predecessor knowledge point, and the knowledge set construction Finish;

3) If the knowledge points close to the learning task include children knowledge points, then search for the leading knowledge points connected to the children knowledge points with the "leader" relationship, and combine the initial knowledge points, the children knowledge points and children knowledge points of the initial knowledge point The leading knowledge points of previous knowledge points form a knowledge set, and the construction of the knowledge set is completed.

On the basis of constructing the knowledge set corresponding to the learning task, plan the knowledge learning path. The planning method is as follows:

1) The leading knowledge points have priority over the subsequent knowledge points;

2) Children's knowledge points take precedence over parents' knowledge points;

3) The child knowledge points that are also a certain knowledge point, give priority to learning the child life knowledge points that contain more child life knowledge points;

4) The leading knowledge points of the same knowledge point have the same priority, and the learning order is randomly arranged.

According to the knowledge set and learning path, the knowledge points to be learned are displayed in the form of graph and sequence respectively. In the knowledge point display link, the map display method focuses on representing the logical context between knowledge, based on the knowledge map structure of substation operation and maintenance involved in the knowledge set. The sequence display method focuses on representing the sequence of knowledge learning, according to the planned learning path of substation operation and maintenance knowledge. Furthermore, two different control modes are provided: system selection and self-selection. In system selection mode, the first knowledge point to be learned is actively selected to start learning according to the learning path. Under self-selection, substation operation and maintenance personnel can choose by themselves Start learning any knowledge point in the set of knowledge points to be learned.

After selecting the knowledge points to be learned, the substation operation and maintenance personnel can directly enter the learning, practice and testing links. Among them, exercises and tests are carried out by answering theoretical questions. After the power substation operation and maintenance personnel enter the study, they first judge whether they need a pre-school quiz based on whether they are learning the knowledge point for the first time. The pre-school quiz is carried out by answering 5 theoretical test questions corresponding to the knowledge points to be learned:

If 4 questions and above are answered correctly, the ability level of the substation operation and maintenance personnel is recorded as [0, 0, 1];

If 2 or 3 questions are answered correctly, the ability level of the substation operation and maintenance personnel is recorded as [0, 1, 0];

If the correct answer is 1 question or less, the ability level of the substation operation and maintenance personnel is recorded as [1, 0, 0].

After entering the learning link, according to the ability level of the substation operation and maintenance personnel, recommend matching learning resources for them. The recommendation method of learning resources is as follows:

First define the parameters of the learning resources, as shown in the following table:

Table 1 Learning resource parameters

parameter Parameter Description difficulty The difficulty vector [s, m, d] is used to represent, s+m+d=1, the standard value of simple resources is [1, 0,0], the medium is [0, 1, 0], and the difficulty is [0, 0] , 1], domain experts evaluate the difficulty vector components of resources Format video class=1, text class=0

Extract all the learning resources corresponding to the knowledge points to be learned, assuming that the ability level of the substation operation and maintenance personnel obtained from the pre-school quiz or previous test results is [U, L, M], and the difficulty of learning resources is [s, m, d ], calculate the "distance" between the operation and maintenance personnel and the learning resources Distance=1/((U-s)2 +(L-m)2 +(M-d)2), the smaller the value of Distance, the higher the recommendation of learning resources, the higher the priority recommend. Under the premise of the same recommendation degree, priority is given to recommending video learning resources. Among them, U=unknown (do not understand), L=low (low), M=middle (medium); s=simple (simple), m=middle (medium), d=difficult (difficult).

Substation operation and maintenance personnel can enter the practice session at any time during the learning process. The practice is carried out by answering theoretical test questions corresponding to the knowledge points to be learned. The practice results are not used as the basis for evaluating the ability of substation operation and maintenance personnel.

Substation operation and maintenance personnel enter the test link after learning, and use the method of answering 10 theoretical test questions corresponding to the knowledge points to be learned:

If 8 questions and above are answered correctly, the ability level of the substation operation and maintenance personnel is updated to [0, 0, 1];

If 4 questions or 7 questions are answered correctly, the ability level of the substation operation and maintenance personnel is updated to [0, 1, 0];

If you answer 3 questions or less correctly, update the ability level of the substation operation and maintenance personnel to [1, 0, 0].

According to the updated ability level, a summary report is generated for the substation operation and maintenance personnel, and the next knowledge point to be learned is suggested:

If the ability level is [0, 0, 1], it will prompt the substation operation and maintenance personnel to have mastered the knowledge point, and suggest that they continue to learn other knowledge points in the knowledge point set to be learned, and enter the knowledge point display link to re-select;

If the ability level is [0, 1, 0] or [1, 0, 0], it indicates that the substation operation and maintenance personnel have not mastered the knowledge point, and it is suggested that they continue to learn the knowledge point and enter the learning link for learning.

According to the above rules, cyclic iterative learning is carried out, and finally a set of continuous adaptive knowledge learning methods for power substation operation and maintenance are formed.

Step 3: Conduct skill drills based on the knowledge map of substation operation and maintenance

Based on the constructed substation operation and maintenance knowledge graph, a continuous adaptive substation operation and maintenance skill drill method is designed, as shown in Figure 3.

First, according to the drill tasks of power substation operation and maintenance personnel, the knowledge map of power substation operation and maintenance is used to construct the skill set corresponding to the drill task. The construction method is as follows:

1) In the power substation operation and maintenance knowledge map, match the skill point whose node name is closest to the drill task according to the voltage level and task name, and use this skill point as the starting skill point to search for all sub-skills connected to it with the "include" relationship. senior skill points;

2) If the skill point close to the exercise task does not contain child skill points, then search for the instance entity point connected to the skill point with the "entity" relationship, and form the skill set and its instance entity point into a skill set, and build a skill set Finish;

3) If the skill points close to the rehearsal task contain child skill points, then search for the instance entity points connected to the child skill points with the "entity" relationship, and combine the initial skill points, child skill points and child skill points of the initial skill points The instance entity points of previous skill points form a skill set, and the construction of the skill set is completed.

On the basis of constructing the skill set corresponding to the drill task, plan the skill drill path. The planning method is as follows:

Children's skill points take precedence over parent's skill points;

For the child skill points that are also a certain skill point, give priority to practicing the child skill points that contain more child skill points;

The physical points are not planned into the exercise path. For the skill points on the path, one of the instance physical points is randomly selected to start the simulation case in the subsequent exercises and tests.

According to the skill set and the exercise path, the skill points to be exercised are displayed in the form of graph and sequence respectively. In the skill point display link, the graph display method focuses on representing the logical context between skills, based on the knowledge graph structure of substation operation and maintenance involved in the skill set. The sequence display method focuses on representing the sequence of skill drills, based on the planned path of substation operation and maintenance skill drills. Furthermore, two different control modes are provided: system selection and independent selection. In the system selection mode, the first skill point to be drilled is actively selected according to the drill path to start the drill. Under the independent selection, the substation operation and maintenance personnel can choose by themselves Any skill point in the set of skill points to be practiced starts to practice.

After selecting the skill points to be practiced, the substation operation and maintenance personnel can directly enter the learning, practice and test links. Among them, the exercises and tests are carried out in the way of actual operation in the substation simulation scene. After the substation operation and maintenance personnel enter the study, they will present the teaching video based on the simulation case for the substation operation and maintenance personnel, and guide the substation operation and maintenance personnel on how to complete the operation in the simulation scene. Wherein, the presented simulation case corresponds to the instance entity point of the skill point to be practiced in the skill set.

After the substation operation and maintenance personnel enter the practice, they will build a substation simulation scene for the substation operation and maintenance personnel to conduct practical exercises. The exercise results are not used as the basis for evaluating the ability of the substation operation and maintenance personnel. The method of generating the simulation case is: according to the node name of the instance entity point of the skill point to be practiced, call and start the pre-edited simulation case corresponding to the entity point.

The editing and running of simulation cases are supported by grid models and simulation scenarios. Among them, the power grid model is modeled according to the steady state, quasi-steady state, and electromechanical transient process of the entire power grid; the partial power grid composed of simulated substations and adjacent lines is required to be modeled according to the electromagnetic transient process, so that the operating dynamic parameters of the substation are more realistic. The simulation scene mainly refers to the substation simulation. The substation simulation includes the three-dimensional interactive virtual scene system of the primary equipment, the three-dimensional interactive virtual scene of the secondary equipment and the substation background monitoring system, specifically including the primary equipment, control system, measurement system and communication system of the substation. , DC systems, relay protection and automatic devices and detailed models of integrated automation systems. The primary and secondary equipment simulation of the substation adopts virtual reality technology for simulation, and develops various primary and secondary equipment in the substation into reusable simulation components. Use each simulation component to combine simulation scenarios to reflect the normal, abnormal, accident status and action process of the equipment, and consider the influence of the substation simulation detailed model on the grid simulation abstract model.

Substation operation and maintenance personnel enter the test link after the practice, and carry out the actual operation test in the simulation scene. According to the actual operation results, a summary report is generated for the substation operation and maintenance personnel, and the next skill point to be practiced is suggested:

If the power substation operation and maintenance personnel complete the practical test according to the correct operation steps, it will remind the substation operation and maintenance personnel that they have mastered the skill point, and suggest that they continue to practice other skill points in the skill point set to be practiced, and enter the skill point display link to re-select ;

If the power substation operation and maintenance personnel do not complete the practical test according to the correct operation steps, it will remind the power substation operation and maintenance personnel that they have not mastered the skill point, and suggest that they continue to practice the skill point. Restart the simulation case corresponding to the instance entity point of the skill point, and the power substation operation and maintenance personnel will choose to conduct practical exercises or practical tests.

Carry out cyclic iterative drills according to the above rules, and finally form a set of continuously adaptive substation operation and maintenance skill drill methods.

Example 2

It also provides an adaptive substation operation and maintenance knowledge learning and skill training system, including:

Graph building module, used to build a knowledge graph of substation operation and maintenance;

The knowledge learning module is used for knowledge learning based on the substation operation and maintenance knowledge map;

The skill drill module is used to conduct skill drills based on the knowledge map of power substation operation and maintenance.

Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments of the present invention may be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Accordingly, the present invention can take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.

The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It should be understood that each procedure and/or block in the flowchart and/or block diagram, and a combination of procedures and/or blocks in the flowchart and/or block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or processor of other programmable data processing equipment to produce a machine such that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing equipment produce a Means for realizing the functions specified in one or more steps of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.

These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory capable of directing a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to operate in a specific manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising instruction means, the instructions The device realizes the function specified in one or more procedures of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.

These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, causing a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby The instructions provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flow chart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: the present invention can still be Any modifications or equivalent replacements that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An adaptive substation operation and maintenance knowledge learning and skill drill method, characterized in that it comprises: Construct a knowledge map of substation operation and maintenance; Knowledge learning based on the substation operation and maintenance knowledge map; Skill drill based on knowledge map of substation operation and maintenance. 2. An adaptive power substation operation and maintenance knowledge learning and skill drill method according to claim 1, characterized in that said building a power substation operation and maintenance knowledge graph includes: Layer the acquired substation operation and maintenance data according to the data object category; Define the nodes and their attributes in each layer; Establish the association relationship between each node. 3. An adaptive power transformation operation and maintenance knowledge learning and skill drill method according to claim 1, characterized in that the association relationship includes inclusion relationship, predecessor relationship and entity relationship. 4. An adaptive power substation operation and maintenance knowledge learning and skill drill method according to claim 2, wherein the knowledge learning based on the power substation operation and maintenance knowledge map includes: According to the learning tasks of substation operation and maintenance personnel, the knowledge set corresponding to the learning tasks is constructed by using the knowledge map of substation operation and maintenance; Plan the learning path according to the knowledge set corresponding to the learning task; According to the planned learning path, the knowledge points to be learned are displayed in the form of graphs and sequences; Enter the learning, practice or testing link of knowledge learning by selecting the knowledge points to be learned; Evaluate the ability level of substation operation and maintenance personnel through the test link of knowledge learning or the pre-school quiz in the learning link; In the learning link, learning resources are recommended according to the ability level of substation operation and maintenance personnel. 5. An adaptive power substation operation and maintenance knowledge learning and skill drill method according to claim 2, characterized in that the learning resources recommended according to the ability level of power substation operation and maintenance personnel include: Calculate the distance between substation operation and maintenance personnel and learning resources according to the ability level and learning resources of substation operation and maintenance personnel; The learning resources with the smaller distance from the substation operation and maintenance personnel are recommended in priority. 6. An adaptive power transformation operation and maintenance knowledge learning and skill drill method according to claim 4, wherein the knowledge set corresponding to the construction learning task comprises: In the power substation operation and maintenance knowledge map, match the knowledge point with the node name closest to the learning task according to the voltage level and task name, and use this knowledge point as the starting knowledge point to search for all child knowledge points connected to it with the "include" relationship ; If the knowledge point closest to the learning task does not contain the child knowledge point, search for the predecessor knowledge point connected to the knowledge point with the "leader" relationship, and form the knowledge set with the knowledge point and its predecessor knowledge points, and the knowledge set construction is completed ; If the knowledge point closest to the learning task contains the child knowledge point, search for the predecessor knowledge point connected to the child knowledge point with the "leader" relationship, and combine the initial knowledge point, the child knowledge point of the initial knowledge point and the child knowledge point The leading knowledge points of the knowledge points form the knowledge set, and the construction of the knowledge set is completed. 7. An adaptive power transformation operation and maintenance knowledge learning and skill drill method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The planned learning path includes: The leading knowledge points have priority over the subsequent knowledge points; Children's knowledge points take precedence over parents' knowledge points; The child knowledge points that are also a certain knowledge point, give priority to learning the child life knowledge points that contain more child life knowledge points; The leading knowledge points of the same knowledge point have the same priority, and the learning order is randomly arranged. 8. An adaptive power substation operation and maintenance knowledge learning and skill drill method according to claim 2, characterized in that the skill drill based on the power substation operation and maintenance knowledge graph includes: According to the drill tasks of power substation operation and maintenance personnel, the skill set corresponding to the drill tasks is constructed by using the power substation operation and maintenance knowledge map; Plan skills drill paths based on skill sets; According to the skill set and skill drill path, the skill points to be drilled are displayed in the form of graph and sequence; Enter the learning, practice or test link of skill drill by selecting the skill points to be practiced. 9. An adaptive substation operation and maintenance knowledge learning and skill training system, characterized in that it includes: Graph building module, used to build a knowledge graph of substation operation and maintenance; The knowledge learning module is used for knowledge learning based on the substation operation and maintenance knowledge map; The skill drill module is used to conduct skill drills based on the knowledge map of power substation operation and maintenance.

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