CN115524533B - Electrical quantity integrated measurement device and method - Google Patents
Electrical quantity integrated measurement device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115524533B CN115524533B CN202211309540.9A CN202211309540A CN115524533B CN 115524533 B CN115524533 B CN 115524533B CN 202211309540 A CN202211309540 A CN 202211309540A CN 115524533 B CN115524533 B CN 115524533B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
- G01R21/133—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by using digital technique
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R21/00—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor
- G01R21/133—Arrangements for measuring electric power or power factor by using digital technique
- G01R21/1331—Measuring real or reactive component, measuring apparent energy
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/02—Arrangements for measuring frequency, e.g. pulse repetition rate; Arrangements for measuring period of current or voltage
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R23/00—Arrangements for measuring frequencies; Arrangements for analysing frequency spectra
- G01R23/16—Spectrum analysis; Fourier analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R25/00—Arrangements for measuring phase angle between a voltage and a current or between voltages or currents
Abstract
The application relates to an electrical quantity integrated measurement device and method. The device comprises an electric quantity integrated sensor arranged on a power line to be detected, wherein the electric quantity integrated sensor comprises a non-invasive voltage measurement unit and a non-invasive current measurement unit; the non-invasive voltage measurement unit is used for acquiring and outputting current information of a wire to be detected in the power line to be detected; the non-invasive voltage measurement unit is used for acquiring and outputting voltage information of the wire to be measured; the signal processing unit is connected with the electric quantity integrated sensor; the signal processing unit is used for receiving and processing the current information and the voltage information to obtain voltage and current waveform information and processing the voltage and current waveform information to obtain an electrical measurement result of the wire to be measured; the electrical measurements include frequency measurements, harmonic measurements, phase measurements, and power measurements. The method and the device can complete the integrated measurement of the electrical quantity of the wire to be tested.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of electric power measurement, in particular to an electric quantity integrated measurement device and an electric quantity integrated measurement method.
Background
The electric quantity refers to various parameters having a direct relation with electricity in an electric power system, and common parameters such as voltage value, current value, frequency, phase, power direction, and the like. Accurate measurement of electric quantity is a main technical means for reflecting the running state of an electric power system. In the electrical quantity integrated sensing technology, the different types of sensors still keep relatively independent state in the form of a device at present. According to device division, the current electric quantity sensors suitable for the power system can be divided into a plurality of categories such as current transformers, voltage transformers, frequency transmitters, phase sensors, harmonic monitoring devices, power monitoring devices and the like.
However, the electrical quantity sensors of different types still keep a relatively independent state in the form of a device, and the problems of non-uniform data interfaces, troublesome installation and debugging, difficult equipment maintenance and management and the like still exist.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide an electric quantity integration measuring apparatus and method in view of the above-described technical problems.
In a first aspect, the present application provides an electrical quantity integrated measurement device, the device comprising:
the electric quantity integrated sensor is arranged on the power line to be detected and comprises a non-invasive voltage measurement unit and a non-invasive current measurement unit; the non-invasive voltage measurement unit is used for acquiring and outputting current information of a wire to be detected in the power line to be detected; the non-invasive voltage measurement unit is used for acquiring and outputting voltage information of the wire to be measured;
the signal processing unit is connected with the electric quantity integrated sensor; the signal processing unit is used for receiving and processing the current information and the voltage information to obtain voltage and current waveform information and processing the voltage and current waveform information to obtain an electrical measurement result of the wire to be measured; the electrical measurements include frequency measurements, harmonic measurements, phase measurements, and power measurements.
In one embodiment, there is no electrical contact between the electrical quantity integrated sensor and the wire under test; the current information includes a current measurement signal; the voltage information includes a voltage measurement signal;
the non-invasive current measurement unit comprises a current probe and a magnetism collecting core; the magnetic focusing core is provided with an air gap and sleeved on the power line to be detected; the current probe is arranged in the air gap and is used for inducing the magnetic field change of the magnetism gathering magnetic core so as to output a current measurement signal to the signal processing unit;
the non-invasive voltage measurement unit comprises a voltage probe, a reference voltage module and a current-voltage conversion element which are connected in sequence; the voltage probe is used for forming a coupling capacitor with the wire to be tested; the reference voltage module is used for outputting a reference signal; one end of the current-voltage conversion element is used for grounding, and the other end of the current-voltage conversion element is used for outputting a voltage measurement signal to the signal processing unit;
the signal processing unit comprises a signal conditioning module, a signal sampling module and a processing chip which are sequentially connected; the signal conditioning module is respectively connected with the current probe and the current-voltage conversion element and is used for receiving the current measurement signal and the voltage measurement signal, conditioning the current measurement signal and the voltage measurement signal, and outputting the conditioned measurement signal to the signal sampling module; the signal sampling module is used for sampling the conditioned measuring signal and outputting voltage and current waveform information to the processing chip; the processing chip is connected with the reference voltage module and is used for adjusting the reference signal output by the reference voltage module and adopting a corresponding algorithm to process the voltage and current waveform information so as to obtain an electrical measurement result.
In one embodiment, the electrical quantity integrated sensor is used for clamping the wire on the power line to be detected; the voltage probe comprises a circular metal copper foil;
the current-voltage conversion element is a voltage-dividing capacitor; the device also comprises a grounding probe connected with the voltage dividing capacitor.
In one embodiment, the processing chip comprises a single chip microcomputer; the signal sampling module comprises an analog-to-digital conversion chip; the signal conditioning module is used for carrying out standard signal conversion on the current measurement signal and the voltage measurement signal;
the signal processing unit also comprises a communication module connected with the processing chip and used for outputting an electrical measurement result.
In one embodiment, the signal conditioning module comprises one or more of a voltage follower circuit, an active filter circuit, a passive filter circuit, an RC phase shift correction circuit, and an active operational amplifier circuit;
the communication module comprises a Bluetooth chip and an antenna; the processing chip is connected with the antenna through the Bluetooth chip.
In one embodiment, the current probe is a magnetic field sensing element; the current measurement signal comprises the output voltage of the magnetic field sensing element;
the electrical measurement result also comprises a tide direction determined based on the current direction; the current direction is based on the output voltage.
In one embodiment, the magnetic field sensing element comprises any one of a tunneling magneto-resistive element TMR, a Hall element, a Rogowski coil probe, and a multilayer PCB coil probe.
In one embodiment, the apparatus further comprises an energy-extracting device;
the energy-taking device is connected with the signal processing unit and is used for taking electricity from the power line to be detected so as to supply power to the signal processing unit.
In one embodiment, the energy-taking device comprises:
the energy-taking magnetic core is sleeved on the power line to be detected;
the energy taking coil is wound on the energy taking magnetic core;
the protection module is connected with the energy taking coil;
one end of the power supply circuit is connected with the protection module, and the other end of the power supply circuit is connected with the signal processing unit;
and the standby battery is connected with the power supply circuit.
In a second aspect, the present application further provides an electrical quantity integrated measurement method, where the method is applied to the signal processing unit in the electrical quantity integrated measurement device, and the method includes:
receiving current information and voltage information transmitted by an electric quantity integrated sensor;
processing the current information and the voltage information to obtain voltage-current waveform information;
processing the voltage and current waveform information to obtain an electrical measurement result of the wire to be measured; the electrical measurement results include frequency measurement results, harmonic measurement results, phase measurement results, and power measurement results; the power measurements include active power measurements and reactive power measurements.
According to the electric quantity integrated measuring equipment and the method, the electric quantity of the wire to be measured is measured through the electric quantity integrated sensor arranged on the power line to be measured and the signal processing unit; the electrical quantity integrated sensor comprises a non-invasive voltage measurement unit and a non-invasive current measurement unit, and can respectively acquire current information and voltage information of a wire to be measured, and further, a signal processing unit obtains an electrical quantity measurement result of the wire to be measured through processing; according to the method and the device, non-invasive electric quantity measurement under the working condition of medium and low voltage grades can be realized, and the frequency, the phase, the power and the harmonic wave of the wire to be measured can be calculated by carrying out integrated acquisition on electric quantity data.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of an application environment of an electrical quantity integrated measurement device in one embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an electrical quantity integrated measurement device in one embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an electrical quantity integrated measurement device in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the current measurement principle of the belt electrical conductor in one embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the voltage measurement principle of the belt electrical conductor in one embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a simplified circuit schematic of a voltage measurement of a belt conductor in one embodiment;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram of an electrical quantity integration measurement device according to another embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a specific construction of an electric quantity integration measuring device in one embodiment;
FIG. 9 is a flow chart of an integrated electrical quantity measurement method in one embodiment.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the present application.
As the running time goes on, the liability disputes caused by the lack of uniform design of different types of electrical quantity sensors start to frequently happen; because the sensor production comes from different equipment manufacturers, the problems of mismatching of the performances and the service lives of different types of electric quantity sensors exist, and the problems of long equipment installation and debugging period, difficult later maintenance and management and the like are endless; the sensor data interfaces provided by different suppliers are complex and various, and the conditions of transmission signal interference, data packet loss or unsmooth interconnection and the like often occur among different types of electrical quantity sensors, so that the problems of equipment defects or power grid faults and the like are further caused.
With the construction of a novel power system, a large number of distributed power sources are widely connected into the power system. The introduction of the distributed power supply brings certain influence to the trend direction, the voltage quality, the power loss and the reliability of the power system, and particularly in the trend direction discrimination, certain power distribution network relay protection devices have directivity, and protection can be lost after the trend is reversed, even the risk of misoperation exists.
The embodiment of the application can realize non-invasive electric quantity measurement under the working condition of medium and low voltage grades, through carrying out integrated acquisition on electric quantity data, the electric quantity integrated measurement can show the measurement data in the trend direction, and the frequency, the phase, the power, the harmonic wave and the calculation of the trend direction of the wire to be measured can be respectively completed, so that the electric quantity integrated measurement device has the economic and safety significance and is of great practical significance.
The electrical quantity integrated measurement device provided by the embodiment of the application can be applied to an application environment shown in fig. 1. The electrical quantity may be integrated into the measurement device 104 by a buckle or the like, and clamped on the power line 102 to be detected. Further, the power line 102 to be detected may include various types of power lines such as an outgoing line of a power distribution cabinet, an incoming line and an outgoing line of a transformer, and an overhead line. Illustratively, the power line under test 102 may include a wire under test, which may optionally be implemented with a live conductor, and an insulating layer, which may be used to encase the live conductor; in some examples, the live conductor may be a pure copper, steel-cored aluminum strand, copper wire, aluminum wire, or the like.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, an electrical quantity integrated measurement device is provided, where the device is applied to the power line to be tested 102 shown in fig. 1, and the device may include:
an electric quantity integrated sensor arranged on the power line to be detected, wherein the electric quantity integrated sensor comprises a non-invasive voltage measurement unit 202 and a non-invasive current measurement unit 204; the non-invasive voltage measurement unit 202 is used for acquiring and outputting current information of a wire to be tested in the power line to be tested; the non-invasive voltage measurement unit 204 is used for acquiring and outputting voltage information of the wire to be measured;
the signal processing unit 220, the signal processing unit 220 connects the electric quantity integrated sensor; the signal processing unit 220 is configured to receive and process the current information and the voltage information, obtain voltage-current waveform information, and process the voltage-current waveform information, so as to obtain an electrical measurement result of the wire to be measured; the electrical measurements include frequency measurements, harmonic measurements, phase measurements, and power measurements.
Specifically, the electrical quantity integrated sensor in the embodiment of the present application may refer to a sensor capable of non-invasively acquiring voltage information and current information of a wire to be measured, for example, a voltage probe, a current probe, and the like. In one embodiment, there is no electrical contact between the electrical quantity integrated sensor and the wire under test. Further, in one embodiment, the electrical quantity integrated sensor is used for clamping the electrical quantity integrated sensor on the power line to be detected, and for example, the electrical quantity integrated sensor can be used for clamping the electrical quantity integrated sensor on the power line to be detected through a buckle structure and the like.
As shown in fig. 2, the electrical quantity integrated sensor may include a non-invasive voltage measurement unit 202 and a non-invasive current measurement unit 204; the non-invasive voltage measurement unit 202 is used for obtaining current information of the wire to be measured; the non-invasive voltage measurement unit 204 is used for obtaining voltage information of the wire to be measured; in one embodiment, the current information may include a current measurement signal and the voltage information may include a voltage measurement signal.
The signal processing unit 220 may be connected to the electric quantity integrated sensor, and may further be configured to receive the voltage information and the current information, and process the voltage information to obtain current-voltage waveform information; further, the signal processing unit 220 may calculate the electric quantities of the current, voltage, frequency, phase, power, harmonic, direction of the current, etc. of the wire to be measured through a built-in algorithm (for example, floating point calculation through a built-in algorithm).
Above, the application completes the electrical measurement of the wire to be tested through the electrical quantity integrated sensor arranged on the power line to be tested and the signal processing unit; the electrical quantity integrated sensor comprises a non-invasive voltage measurement unit and a non-invasive current measurement unit, and can respectively acquire current information and voltage information of a wire to be measured, and further, a signal processing unit obtains an electrical quantity measurement result of the wire to be measured through processing; according to the method and the device, non-invasive electric quantity measurement under the working condition of medium and low voltage grades can be achieved, and measurement of voltage, current, frequency, harmonic wave, phase, power and power direction of the wire to be measured can be completed through integrated acquisition of electric quantity data.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, an electrical quantity integration measurement device is provided, where the device is applied to the power line to be tested 102 shown in fig. 1, and the device may include:
the electric quantity integrated sensor is arranged on the power line to be detected and comprises a non-invasive voltage measurement unit and a non-invasive current measurement unit; as shown in fig. 3, the non-invasive current measurement unit may include a current probe and a magnetically focused core; the magnetic focusing core is provided with an air gap and sleeved on the power line to be detected; the current probe is arranged in the air gap and is used for inducing the magnetic field change of the magnetism gathering magnetic core so as to output a current measurement signal to the signal processing unit; the non-invasive voltage measurement unit may include a voltage probe, a reference voltage module, and a current-voltage conversion element connected in sequence; the voltage probe is used for forming a coupling capacitor with the wire to be tested; the reference voltage module is used for outputting a reference signal; one end of the current-voltage conversion element is used for grounding, and the other end of the current-voltage conversion element is used for outputting a voltage measurement signal to the signal processing unit;
the signal processing unit is connected with the electric quantity integrated sensor; the signal processing unit is used for receiving and processing the current information and the voltage information to obtain voltage and current waveform information and processing the voltage and current waveform information to obtain an electrical measurement result of the wire to be measured; the electrical measurement results include frequency measurement results, harmonic measurement results, phase measurement results, and power measurement results;
as shown in fig. 3, the signal processing unit may include a signal conditioning module, a signal sampling module, and a processing chip that are sequentially connected; the signal conditioning module is respectively connected with the current probe and the current-voltage conversion element and is used for receiving the current measurement signal and the voltage measurement signal, conditioning the current measurement signal and the voltage measurement signal, and outputting the conditioned measurement signal to the signal sampling module; the signal sampling module is used for sampling the conditioned measuring signal and outputting voltage and current waveform information to the processing chip; the processing chip is connected with the reference voltage module and is used for adjusting the reference signal output by the reference voltage module and adopting a corresponding algorithm to process the voltage and current waveform information so as to obtain an electrical measurement result.
Specifically, in the non-invasive current measurement unit, the magnetism collecting core is provided with an air gap and sleeved on a power line to be detected, and is used for collecting a magnetic field generated by current of a wire to be detected (electrified conductor), and simultaneously inhibiting an interference magnetic field entering from the outside. Alternatively, the magnetic-collecting core may be ferrite core, silicon steel sheet core, permalloy core, amorphous and nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloy core, or other components with magnetic-collecting function. Illustratively, the shape of the magnetically concentrated core may include a hollow structure consisting of two semicircular rings or two "concave" structures. Further, the position of the air gap may include the position between the upper and lower contacts of two semicircular rings or two "concave" structures, etc.
In one embodiment, the current probe is a magnetic field sensing element; specifically, the current probe in the embodiment of the application may be a magnetic field sensing element, and is disposed in the air gap, and is used for sensing a magnetic field change and outputting an electrical signal. Illustratively, the current probe may be a tunnel magnetoresistive element (Tunnel Magnetoresistance, TMR), a hall element, a rogowski coil probe, a multilayer PCB (Printed Circuit Board ) coil probe, or the like; it should be noted that different magnetic field sensing elements may be selected according to the current measurement requirements.
In one embodiment, the current measurement signal comprises an output voltage of the magnetic field sensing element;
the electrical measurement result also comprises a tide direction determined based on the current direction; the current direction is based on the output voltage.
Specifically, the embodiment of the application can acquire the direction of the power flow of the power system. For further explanation of the scheme of the application, the current measurement principle of the wire to be measured is explained; as shown in fig. 4, the current detection process of the live conductor is illustrated by taking the lead to be detected as the live conductor, the TMR as the circuit probe, and the magnetism collecting core as an example; in fig. 4, since the measurement method of the current is described, an irrelevant portion is omitted.
Because the magnetic flux collecting ring uses high magnetic permeability material, the magnetic permeability is far greater than that of air, so that most of magnetic fields generated by conductor current are collected inside the magnetic flux collecting ring by the magnetic flux collecting ring. As shown in FIG. 4, the magnetic core is provided with an air gap with a length L q The actual effective total length of the magnetic core is L f Assuming that the current flowing through the charged conductor has a magnitude I, the magnetic field strength in the core is H f The magnetic field strength in the air gap is H q From the ampere loop theorem, it is known that:
H f L f +H q L q ＝I
the magnetic induction intensity in the magnetic core is equal to the magnetic induction intensity in the air gap, and is abbreviated as B. Permeability of air is mu 0 The relative permeability of the core is mu r . The ampere loop theorem can be expressed as:
because of the relative permeability mu of the core r Much greater than 1, the ampere loop theorem can be reduced to:
the magnetic induction intensity B in the air gap is in direct proportion to the current I to be measured, and the output voltage of the TMR chip is in direct proportion to the magnetic induction intensity B, so that the output voltage of the TMR chip and the current I to be measured are in linear relation.
Considering that the TMR chip has a definite sensitive axis direction, the direction of current can be known from the output of TMR, so that the direction of tide can be judged by the direction of current.
Further, in the non-invasive voltage measurement unit, the voltage probe may include a circular ring-shaped metal copper foil; specifically, the voltage probe can be a circular ring formed by pressing a layer of metal copper foil, and the circular ring is used for forming a coupling capacitor with the electrified conductor.
In one embodiment, the current-voltage conversion element may be a voltage-dividing capacitor; the device also comprises a grounding probe connected with the voltage dividing capacitor.
Specifically, the voltage dividing capacitor is connected with the reference voltage module and the ground probe, and is used for collecting displacement current of the voltage measurement circuit, and can be understood as a current-voltage conversion element in the voltage measurement circuit.
The ground probe is connected with the voltage dividing capacitor and is used for providing a reliable zero potential reference for the voltage measurement circuit.
The reference voltage module can be connected with the voltage probe and the voltage dividing capacitor, and is controlled by a processing chip (for example, an MCU (micro control unit), microcontroller Unit) for injecting reference signals with different frequencies into the voltage measurement circuit.
The embodiment of the application can acquire the tide direction of the power system. For further explanation of the scheme of the application, the voltage measurement principle of the wire to be measured is explained; as shown in fig. 5 and 6, a wire to be tested is taken as an example of a live conductor. In fig. 5 and 6, since the voltage measurement method is described, an irrelevant portion is omitted.
Taking a voltage probe as an example of a circular ring formed by pressing a layer of metal copper foil, since the charged conductor itself has a certain potential, induced charges can be generated on the metal copper foil by electrostatic coupling, and in order to describe this effect, the coupling capacitor C1 is shown in fig. 5. As shown in fig. 6, a simplified circuit diagram of the voltage measurement is shown. And C2 is a voltage division capacitor and is used for sampling the electric signal in the subsequent signal processing process. The subsequent signal processing module is simplified as a voltmeter at the time of principle description, and is used for processing the voltage signal on the voltage dividing capacitor.
The grounding probe tightly clamps the grounded conductor and isThe entire measurement loop provides a reliable zero potential reference. For example, when the voltage of a live wire in the power distribution cabinet is measured, the grounding probe can clamp the cabinet body; in low voltage phase line voltage measurement, the ground probe may clamp either the neutral or ground line. Controlling the reference voltage to inject a frequency f different from the power frequency r . The amplitude of the measured power supply is U s Frequency f s . In the whole measuring loop, the current flowing is I s +I r . According to the superposition theorem, it is known that:
the method comprises the following steps of:
from which U can be calculated s The expression of (2) is:
as shown in fig. 6, the voltage on C2 can be collected by a subsequent circuit, the voltage waveform collected on C2 is an aliased waveform (aliased signal of two frequency waveforms), and the power frequency measurement voltage V can be obtained by calculation through fourier transform s And high-frequency measurement voltage V r . Current I in the loop s +I r Can be calculated as:
for U s Wherein I is s +I r Can be calculated; f (f) s And f r Is fixed, U r Is foreseeable in advance, thereby making it possible toThe measured voltage can be calculated from the known quantity and the measured value.
Above, according to the embodiment of the application, through the current probe and the voltage probe, the current and the voltage of the wire to be measured can be calculated.
Further, in one embodiment, the processing chip may include a single chip microcomputer; the signal sampling module may include an analog-to-digital conversion chip; the signal conditioning module is used for carrying out standard signal conversion on the current measurement signal and the voltage measurement signal.
Specifically, in the signal processing unit of the embodiment of the present application, the signal conditioning module may be connected to the current probe and the voltage dividing capacitor, and is configured to receive an output voltage signal of the current probe and a voltage signal of the voltage dividing capacitor, condition the voltage signal, and output a conditioned analog signal. By way of example, signal conditioning may be understood as the process of converting a received raw analog signal into a standard signal, e.g., signal conditioning may include anti-shake, filtering, following, amplifying, phase shift correction, etc. It should be noted that the signal conditioning module may include a voltage follower circuit, an active filter circuit, a passive filter circuit, an RC phase shift correction circuit, an active operational amplifier circuit, and the like.
And the signal sampling module is connected with the signal conditioning module and is used for sampling the conditioned measurement signals and providing digital quantity signals for a processing chip (for example, MCU) at the rear end. The signal sampling module may include an analog-to-digital conversion chip, for example.
The processing chip (for example, MCU) is connected with the signal sampling module and is used for receiving the current and voltage waveform information and calculating the electric quantity of the current, voltage, frequency, phase, power, harmonic wave, tide direction and the like of the wire to be detected through a built-in algorithm.
In one embodiment, the signal processing unit may further include a communication module connected to the processing chip for outputting the electrical measurement result.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 7, the communication module may include a bluetooth chip and an antenna; the processing chip is connected with the antenna through the Bluetooth chip.
In one embodiment, the electrical quantity integration measurement device may further include an energy-taking means;
the energy-taking device is connected with the signal processing unit and is used for taking electricity from the power line to be detected so as to supply power to the signal processing unit.
Specifically, the electric quantity integrated measurement device can take electricity from the power line to be detected through the energy taking device so as to supply power to each device.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the energy-taking device may include:
the energy-taking magnetic core is sleeved on the power line to be detected;
the energy taking coil is wound on the energy taking magnetic core;
the protection module is connected with the energy taking coil;
one end of the power supply circuit is connected with the protection module, and the other end of the power supply circuit is connected with the signal processing unit;
and the standby battery is connected with the power supply circuit.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 8, the energy-taking magnetic core may be sleeved on the power line to be detected, so as to form a path of the induction alternating magnetic field around the wire. The energy-taking magnetic core may be ferrite magnetic core, silicon steel sheet magnetic core, permalloy magnetic core, amorphous and nanocrystalline soft magnetic alloy magnetic core, etc., or may be other elements with magnetism-collecting function. Alternatively, in the embodiment of the present application, the shape of the magnetic core may include a hollow structure composed of two semicircular rings or two "concave" structures.
Further, the energy-taking coil can be wound on the energy-taking magnetic core, and alternating electromotive force is induced through the alternating magnetic field to provide induced electromotive force for the subsequent modules. The magnitude of the induced electromotive force is in direct proportion to the magnitude of the primary side current of the wire to be tested.
The protection module is connected with the energy taking coil and is used for protecting measures such as direct current pulse interference resistance, lightning stroke resistance, static electricity resistance and the like of electromotive force induced by the energy taking coil. Alternatively, the protection module may include a power supply lightning protection, anti-static protection circuit, etc.
In the embodiment of the application, the power supply circuit can be respectively connected with the protection circuit and the standby battery and is used for managing the induced electromotive force and the energy of the standby battery; alternatively, the power supply circuit may include an induced electromotive force conversion circuit, a battery charge-discharge circuit, and the like.
Further, aiming at the induced electromotive force provided by the induction coil, the induced electromotive force conversion circuit obtains a direct current power supply through AC-DC rectification conversion, and then DC-DC conversion is carried out on the obtained direct current power supply, and finally the stable direct current power supply required by the electric quantity integrated sensor is obtained. The battery charging and discharging circuit can be used for charging and discharging the standby battery, and when primary side current in the wire to be tested is larger, the energy induced by the energy taking coil is larger at the moment, and the standby battery can be charged through the charging circuit. When the primary side current in the wire to be tested is smaller, the energy induced by the energy-taking coil is insufficient to meet the requirements of a sensor (equipment), and a standby battery is used for discharging to supply power for the equipment so as to ensure that the equipment can keep sampling data and complete transmission.
Above, the non-invasive electric measurement under the working condition of medium and low voltage class can be realized, and the measurement of the voltage, current, frequency, harmonic wave, phase, power and power direction of the measured lead is completed.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the structures shown in fig. 1-8 are block diagrams of only some of the structures associated with the aspects of the present application and are not intended to limit the devices to which the aspects of the present application may be applied, and that a particular device may include more or less components than those shown, or may combine some of the components, or have a different arrangement of components.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 9, there is provided an electric quantity integration measuring method, which is exemplified by a signal processing unit applied to the electric quantity integration measuring apparatus, including the steps of:
step 902, current information and voltage information transmitted by an electrical quantity integrated sensor are received.
And step 904, processing the current information and the voltage information to obtain voltage-current waveform information.
Step 906, processing the voltage and current waveform information to obtain an electrical measurement result of the wire to be measured. Wherein the electrical measurements include frequency measurements, harmonic measurements, phase measurements, and power measurements; the power measurements may include active power measurements and reactive power measurements.
Specifically, based on the above-mentioned electric quantity integrated measurement device, the embodiment of the application also provides an electric quantity integrated measurement method, which can be suitable for medium-low voltage electric quantity integrated measurement.
Taking the MCU in the signal processing unit in the electrical quantity integrated measurement device as an example, the method can comprise the following steps: (1) the electrical quantity integrated sensor is clamped on a tested wire; (2) the electric quantity integrated sensor starts a voltage probe and a current probe, and non-invasively acquires voltage waveform and current waveform information of a wire to be tested; (3) the MCU analyzes and processes the voltage and current signal waveforms acquired by the probe, and calculates the frequency, phase, power, harmonic wave and current direction of the wire to be measured through floating point calculation of a built-in algorithm. The method has the advantages of economy and safety, and has great practical significance.
Further, through the current probe and the voltage probe, the current and the voltage of the wire to be measured can be calculated. Based on the current and voltage waveforms, the electric quantities such as frequency, harmonic wave, phase, active power and reactive power can be obtained through a correlation algorithm, and the specific flow can be as follows:
the frequency measurement can be to directly sample the frequency of the voltage measurement signal through the MCU, and measure the zero crossing point through the intrinsic line frequency parameter in the interior so as to measure the voltage frequency of the cable to be measured;
the harmonic measurement can be that a current signal passing through a conditioning circuit is sent to an MCU, and the magnitude of a current component with corresponding frequency is obtained after being processed by a Fourier transform algorithm, so that the measurement of the magnitude of the harmonic of the cable is realized;
the phase measurement can be that the current and voltage values read by the MCU are processed by a product, integration and summation algorithm to finally obtain an active power value, then the phase angle is calculated by the trigonometric function relation of apparent power and active power, the algorithm determines the positive and negative of the phase angle after determining the current and voltage quadrants, and finally the phase of the voltage is corresponding to the positive and negative of the phase angle;
the active power measurement can be that the current and voltage values read by the MCU are processed by the algorithm of product re-integration and summation to finally obtain an active power value;
the reactive power measurement can be that the corresponding phase angle relation is calculated by the active power value obtained after the processing of the MCU algorithm, and then the reactive power value is calculated by the trigonometric function relation of the active power and the reactive power.
It should be understood that, although the steps in the flowcharts related to the embodiments described above are sequentially shown as indicated by arrows, these steps are not necessarily sequentially performed in the order indicated by the arrows. The steps are not strictly limited to the order of execution unless explicitly recited herein, and the steps may be executed in other orders. Moreover, at least some of the steps in the flowcharts described in the above embodiments may include a plurality of steps or a plurality of stages, which are not necessarily performed at the same time, but may be performed at different times, and the order of the steps or stages is not necessarily performed sequentially, but may be performed alternately or alternately with at least some of the other steps or stages.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the application also provides an electric quantity integration measuring device for realizing the electric quantity integration measuring method. The implementation of the solution provided by the device is similar to the implementation described in the above method, so the specific limitation in the embodiment of the integrated electrical quantity measuring device or devices provided below may be referred to the limitation of the integrated electrical quantity measuring method hereinabove, and will not be repeated here.
In one embodiment, an electrical quantity integrated measurement device is provided, and the device is applied to the signal processing unit in the electrical quantity integrated measurement device, for example, and the device may include:
and the information receiving module is used for receiving the current information and the voltage information transmitted by the electric quantity integrated sensor.
And the waveform information processing module is used for processing the current information and the voltage information to obtain voltage and current waveform information.
And the measurement result acquisition module is used for processing the voltage and current waveform information to obtain an electrical measurement result of the wire to be measured. Wherein the electrical measurements include frequency measurements, harmonic measurements, phase measurements, and power measurements; the power measurements may include active power measurements and reactive power measurements.
The above-described individual modules in the electrical quantity integrated measuring device may be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, and combinations thereof. The above modules may be embedded in hardware or may be independent of a processor in the computer device, or may be stored in software in a memory in the computer device, so that the processor may call and execute operations corresponding to the above modules.
In one embodiment, a computer readable storage medium is provided, on which a computer program is stored which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described electrical quantity integration measurement method.
In one embodiment, a computer program product is provided comprising a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the electrical quantity integration measurement method described above.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that implementing all or part of the above-described methods may be accomplished by way of a computer program stored on a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, which when executed may comprise the steps of the embodiments of the methods described above. Any reference to memory, database, or other medium used in the various embodiments provided herein may include at least one of non-volatile and volatile memory. The nonvolatile Memory may include Read-Only Memory (ROM), magnetic tape, floppy disk, flash Memory, optical Memory, high density embedded nonvolatile Memory, resistive random access Memory (ReRAM), magnetic random access Memory (Magnetoresistive Random Access Memory, MRAM), ferroelectric Memory (Ferroelectric Random Access Memory, FRAM), phase change Memory (Phase Change Memory, PCM), graphene Memory, and the like. Volatile memory can include random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM) or external cache memory, and the like. By way of illustration, and not limitation, RAM can be in the form of a variety of forms, such as static random access memory (Static Random Access Memory, SRAM) or dynamic random access memory (Dynamic Random Access Memory, DRAM), and the like. The databases referred to in the embodiments provided herein may include at least one of relational databases and non-relational databases. The non-relational database may include a blockchain-based distributed database or the like, without being limited thereto. The processors referred to in the embodiments provided herein may be general purpose processors, central processing units, graphics processors, digital signal processors, programmable logic units, quantum computing-based data processing logic units, etc., without being limited thereto.
The technical features of the above embodiments may be arbitrarily combined, and all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described for brevity of description, however, as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features, they should be considered as the scope of the description.
The above examples only represent a few embodiments of the present application, which are described in more detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that it would be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and improvements could be made without departing from the spirit of the present application, which would be within the scope of the present application. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present application shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. An electrical quantity integrated measurement device, the device comprising:
the electric quantity integrated sensor is arranged on the power line to be detected, and no electric contact exists between the electric quantity integrated sensor and a wire to be detected in the power line to be detected; the electrical quantity integrated sensor comprises a non-invasive voltage measurement unit and a non-invasive current measurement unit; the non-invasive current measurement unit comprises a current probe, wherein the current probe is used for acquiring and outputting a current measurement signal of the wire to be measured; the non-invasive voltage measurement unit is used for acquiring and outputting a voltage measurement signal of the wire to be measured; the non-invasive voltage measurement unit comprises a voltage probe, a reference voltage module and a current-voltage conversion element which are sequentially connected; the voltage probe is used for forming a coupling capacitor with the wire to be tested; the reference voltage module is used for outputting a reference signal; one end of the current-voltage conversion element is used for being grounded, and the other end of the current-voltage conversion element is used for outputting the voltage measurement signal to a signal processing unit; the current-voltage conversion element is a voltage-dividing capacitor; the voltage measurement signal is calculated by adopting the following formula:
the signal processing unit is connected with the electric quantity integration sensor; the signal processing unit is used for receiving and processing the current measurement signal and the voltage measurement signal to obtain voltage and current waveform information, and processing the voltage and current waveform information to obtain an electrical measurement result of the wire to be measured; the electrical measurement results comprise a frequency measurement result, a harmonic measurement result, a phase measurement result and a power measurement result; the signal processing unit comprises a signal conditioning module, a signal sampling module and a processing chip which are sequentially connected; the signal conditioning module is respectively connected with the current probe and the current-voltage conversion element and is used for receiving the current measurement signal and the voltage measurement signal, conditioning the current measurement signal and the voltage measurement signal, and outputting the conditioned measurement signal to the signal sampling module; the signal sampling module is used for sampling the conditioned measuring signal and outputting the voltage and current waveform information to the processing chip.
2. The electrical quantity integrated measuring device according to claim 1, wherein,
the non-invasive current measurement unit further comprises a magnetically focused core; the magnetism collecting magnetic core is provided with an air gap and sleeved on the power line to be detected; the current probe is arranged in the air gap and is used for inducing the magnetic field change of the magnetism gathering magnetic core so as to output the current measurement signal to the signal processing unit; the processing chip is connected with the reference voltage module and is used for adjusting the reference signal output by the reference voltage module and adopting a corresponding algorithm to process the voltage and current waveform information so as to obtain the electrical measurement result.
3. The electrical quantity integration measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that the electrical quantity integration sensor is used for clamping on the power line to be detected; the voltage probe comprises a circular metal copper foil; the device also includes a ground probe connected to the divider capacitor.
4. The electrical quantity integrated measurement device of claim 2, wherein the processing chip comprises a single-chip microcomputer; the signal sampling module comprises an analog-to-digital conversion chip; the signal conditioning module is used for carrying out standard signal conversion on the current measurement signal and the voltage measurement signal;
the signal processing unit also comprises a communication module connected with the processing chip and used for outputting the electrical measurement result.
5. The electrical quantity integrated measurement device of claim 4, wherein the signal conditioning module comprises one or more of a voltage follower circuit, an active filter circuit, a passive filter circuit, an RC phase shift correction circuit, and an active operational amplifier circuit;
the communication module comprises a Bluetooth chip and an antenna; the processing chip is connected with the antenna through the Bluetooth chip.
6. The electrical quantity integrated measurement device of claim 2, wherein the current probe is a magnetic field sensing element; the current measurement signal includes an output voltage of the magnetic field sensing element;
the electrical measurement result further comprises a tide direction determined based on the current direction; the current direction is derived based on the output voltage.
7. The electrical quantity integrated measurement device of claim 6, wherein the magnetic field sensing element comprises any one of a tunnel magnetoresistance element TMR, a hall element, a rogowski coil probe, and a multi-layer PCB coil probe.
8. The electrical quantity integration measurement device of any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising an energy-taking means;
the energy-taking device is connected with the signal processing unit and is used for taking electricity from the power line to be detected so as to supply power to the signal processing unit.
9. The electrical quantity integrated measurement device of claim 8, wherein the energy extraction means comprises:
the energy-taking magnetic core is sleeved on the power line to be detected;
the energy taking coil is wound on the energy taking magnetic core;
the protection module is connected with the energy taking coil;
one end of the power supply circuit is connected with the protection module, and the other end of the power supply circuit is connected with the signal processing unit;
and the standby battery is connected with the power supply circuit.
10. An electrical quantity integration measurement method, characterized in that the method is applied to a signal processing unit in an electrical quantity integration measurement device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, the method comprising:
receiving the current measurement signal and the voltage measurement signal transmitted by the electric quantity integrated sensor;
processing the current measurement signal and the voltage measurement signal to obtain voltage-current waveform information;
processing the voltage and current waveform information to obtain an electrical measurement result of the wire to be measured; the electrical measurement results comprise a frequency measurement result, a harmonic measurement result, a phase measurement result and a power measurement result; the power measurements include active power measurements and reactive power measurements.
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