CN115524413A - GC-MS technology-based rapid identification method for lepidoptera adults - Google Patents
GC-MS technology-based rapid identification method for lepidoptera adults Download PDFInfo
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- 241000255777 Lepidoptera Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000002290 gas chromatography-mass spectrometry Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 210000004744 fore-foot Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 210000004341 tarsal joint Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract 2
- -1 monomethyl alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims description 13
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000255967 Helicoverpa zea Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000346285 Ostrinia furnacalis Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000256247 Spodoptera exigua Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000256251 Spodoptera frugiperda Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000985245 Spodoptera litura Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 241000409991 Mythimna separata Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000513 principal component analysis Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000012159 carrier gas Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000118 dimethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000032669 eclosion Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001477931 Mythimna unipuncta Species 0.000 claims 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 210000002683 foot Anatomy 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003039 volatile agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 3
- BJQWYEJQWHSSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptacosane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC BJQWYEJQWHSSCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- MCWJHOCHKYKWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium Chemical compound [He].[He] MCWJHOCHKYKWMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000877 morphologic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- ABLJIGCAJNDMGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 14-methyltetratriacontane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCC ABLJIGCAJNDMGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MZGXIHMNVBWGNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,3-dimethylhexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC(C)(C)CC MZGXIHMNVBWGNN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SMIODVFHOSPVJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5,10-dimethylhexadecane Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)CCCCC(C)CCCC SMIODVFHOSPVJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GXHCUYOJCAPYJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCC(C(CCCCCCCCCC)C)C Chemical compound CCCCC(C(CCCCCCCCCC)C)C GXHCUYOJCAPYJP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001147381 Helicoverpa armigera Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001494184 Myxozoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000256259 Noctuidae Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001327627 Separata Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001819 mass spectrum Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011002 quantification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/62—Detectors specially adapted therefor
- G01N30/72—Mass spectrometers
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N30/00—Investigating or analysing materials by separation into components using adsorption, absorption or similar phenomena or using ion-exchange, e.g. chromatography or field flow fractionation
- G01N30/02—Column chromatography
- G01N30/86—Signal analysis
- G01N30/8624—Detection of slopes or peaks; baseline correction
- G01N30/8631—Peaks
- G01N30/8634—Peak quality criteria
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Abstract
The invention discloses a GC-MS technology-based method for rapidly identifying lepidoptera adults. The identification method comprises the following steps: 1) Cutting off the tarsal node of the foot of the forefoot on one side of the adult lepidoptera; 2) Placing the anterior podosphaeric tarsal joint in a thermal separation sample injection rod sample injection vial; 3) Inserting the thermal separation sample injection rod into a GC-MS sample injection port to directly gasify the volatile components of the tibetan of the forefoot, and performing chemical component analysis by GC-MS; 4) And (4) performing species identification by analyzing the species and content ratio of the hydrocarbons in the sample. The method identifies the species of the adult lepidoptera by analyzing the species and the content ratio of hydrocarbons on the body surface of the lepidoptera adult, has high analysis speed and simple operation, and is a reliable means for identifying the species of the lepidoptera adult.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of insect identification, and particularly relates to a rapid identification method of lepidoptera adults based on a GC-MS technology.
Background
The species of lepidopteran insects in China are about 8000, most larvae harm various plants, and many of the lepidopteran insects are major agricultural and forestry pests. Population dynamic monitoring of these pests plays an important role in the prediction and forecast of their occurrence. Adult trapping devices such as high-altitude forecasting lamps, black light lamps, sex-luring traps and food-luring traps are applied to lepidoptera pest forecasting. In the process of monitoring the lepidoptera adult population, firstly, the species of the collected adults is identified.
The scale (scale hair) of each color stripe formed on the body and the wing of the adult is an important characteristic for species identification. The adult insect scales are easy to fall off, most of the induced and captured lepidoptera adult scales are lost, the morphological identification difficulty is high, and the adult insect scales are especially similar in morphology. For example, about 1600 species of noctuidae, the first major family of lepidoptera, are known domestically, and the morphology of adults is similar, and the formation of patches of various colors on the scales is an important basis for the morphological identification of adults. The identification by molecular means takes a long time, and the operation is complex and the cost is high.
The hydrocarbon on the surface of the insect has the functions of preventing moisture from losing and serving as an information compound to serve as an information carrier in chemical communication. The species and the content ratio of the hydrocarbons on the body surface have consistency in the species and can be used as a basis for species identification. The traditional extraction method of the hydrocarbon on the body surface of the insect is generally carried out by using a liquid extraction method, namely the hydrocarbon on the body surface of the insect is extracted by using an organic solvent, and the extraction time is generally 12-24 hours. The body surface hydrocarbon content extracted by the method is low, so the extracting solution is usually concentrated, and even part of materials are concentrated, the ideal detection concentration is difficult to achieve, and the quantification and the qualification of the components are directly influenced. In recent years, the solid sample injection technology is applied to the analysis of volatile components on the body surfaces of some types of insects due to the fact that the analysis is rapid and the operation is simple.
The insect forepaw tibiodesmon plays an important role in the combing process of the head and the chest, and body surface hydrocarbons can be evenly smeared on the body surface in the combing process, so that the body surface hydrocarbons on the tibiodesmon are rich in types relative to other parts.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for rapidly identifying lepidoptera adults based on gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), aiming at the problems that in the monitoring process of the lepidoptera adults, scales of an insect body are easy to fall off, most scales of usually induced and captured lepidoptera adults are partially lost, and the species morphology is difficult to identify.
The invention analyzes the body surface hydrocarbon components of male and female adults of various common lepidoptera pests by GC-MS technology, identifies the species by comparing the body surface hydrocarbon components of different adults, and can effectively and quickly distinguish various lepidoptera adults by the method.
Therefore, the first purpose of the invention is to provide a method for rapidly identifying lepidoptera adults based on GC-MS technology.
Preferably, the lepidopteran adult is a female or male adult that emerges for 3 to 6 days.
Preferably, in step 3), the detection conditions of GC-MS are: the sample inlet temperature is 290 ℃, the chromatographic column is a DB-5 capillary column, and split-flow sample injection is not carried out; the temperature raising program is that the initial temperature is 50 ℃, the temperature is raised to 260 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/min, the temperature is raised to 300 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, and then the temperature is maintained for 5min; helium with the purity of 99.999 percent is taken as carrier gas; the ionization mode EI has ionization energy of 70eV, the temperature of an ion source generator of 230 ℃ and the mass scanning range of 30-330 amu.
Preferably, in step 4), the species identification is performed by analyzing the species and content ratio of hydrocarbons in the sample, specifically: according to peak areas of various components of body surface hydrocarbons of different lepidoptera adults, carrying out logarithmic transformation on data, and carrying out principal component analysis on the transformed data, wherein the contribution rate of the principal components reaches over 90%; and performing discriminant analysis by using the main components, and further performing species identification on different kinds of lepidoptera adults.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide the application of the identification method in the rapid identification of the lepidoptera adults.
According to the invention, accurate and efficient identification of different lepidoptera adult body surface hydrocarbons is realized by comparing the different lepidoptera adult body surface hydrocarbons. Therefore, the invention provides a method for rapidly identifying lepidoptera adults, which can be applied to monitoring and identifying the lepidoptera adults. Compared with the existing identification method of lepidoptera adults, the method provided by the invention has the characteristics of quick analysis, simplicity in operation, accuracy in identification, low detection cost and the like, and can provide technical support for lepidoptera pest monitoring and quick detection of customs quarantine.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a chart showing the total ion flow of body surface hydrocarbons of 6 female (male) and male (female) lepidoptera adults. Sf: spodoptera frugiperda, sl: beet armyworm, se: prodenia litura, ms: oriental armyworm, ha: bollworm, of: the corn borer.
Fig. 2 is a distinguishing analysis chart of body surface hydrocarbons of 6 lepidoptera female (male) and male (female) adults. Sf: spodoptera frugiperda, sl: beet armyworm, se: prodenia litura, ms: oriental armyworm, ha: bollworm, of: the corn borer.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with specific examples which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the scope of the invention.
Example 1
1. Sample preparation
Materials: 6 kinds of Lepidoptera male and female adults, eclosion of which lasts for 3-6 days, including Sf, spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) Spodoptera frugiperda; sl, spodoptera litura (Fabricius) Spodoptera exigua; se, spodoptera exigua (hubner) Spodoptera litura; ms, mythinma separata (Walker) oriental armyworm; ha, helicoverpa armigera (Hubner) Helicoverpa cotton bollworm; of, ostrinia furnacalis (Guen é e) corn borer). Each adult Lepidoptera has 5 heads of male and female.
The front foot shin tarsal node on one side of the front foot of the lepidoptera adult is cut off and placed into a sample injection vial. The sample feeding bottle is placed in a Thermal Separation sample feeding rod (TSP), and then is directly inserted into a GC-MS sample feeding port to carry out chemical component analysis on body surface components.
2. Sample analysis
GC-MS conditions: volatile component analysis was performed by Agilent 7890A-5975C GC-MS with an inlet temperature of 290 ℃ and a DB-5 capillary column (30 m × 0.25mm ID, film thickness 0.25 μm, agilent Technologies, USA) without split feeding. The temperature program is that the initial temperature is 50 ℃, the temperature is programmed to 260 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/min, the temperature is programmed to 300 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, and then the temperature is kept for 5min. Helium (Helium) is used as a carrier gas. The ionization mode EI has ionization energy of 70eV, the temperature of an ion source generator of 230 ℃ and the mass scanning range of 30-330 amu.
Analyzing body surface hydrocarbon components: analyzing the hydrocarbons on the body surface of the lepidoptera adult by using GC-MS analysis software, and firstly extracting the 57m/z characteristic ion fragments shared by the hydrocarbons to obtain a flow chart of the total ion of the hydrocarbons on the body surface.
Calculating the Kovat's index of each peak in the total ion current chromatogram of the hydrocarbons on the body surface. The preliminary identification of the components was performed based on an online Nist12 database search and combined with the ion peaks, fragment ion peaks and related literature in the mass spectra. And comparing the retention time and the mass spectrogram of the artificially synthesized compound with corresponding components in the leaching solution to determine the chemical structure of the component to be detected. And analyzing the peak area of the extracted hydrocarbon, and calculating the content percentage of each hydrocarbon in the total hydrocarbon.
3. Species discrimination
According to peak areas of various components of the body surface hydrocarbons of different lepidoptera adults, carrying out logarithmic transformation on data, and carrying out Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on the transformed data, wherein the contribution rate of the selected principal components reaches over 90%; and (4) carrying out discriminant analysis by using the main components, and further identifying different lepidoptera adults.
4. As a result, the
4.1 Spodoptera frugiperda body surface Hydrocarbon composition analysis
In total, 13 hydrocarbons were detected in the Spodoptera frugiperda adult surface volatiles. Wherein, the contents of 4 linear alkanes, 3 monomethyl alkanes, 4 dimethyl alkanes and 2 unknown hydrocarbons are 36.39%, 16.33%, 42.12% and 5.17% respectively. 11,12-dimethylhexadecane (11,12-diMeC 36) was present in amounts up to 25.34%. The results are shown in FIG. 1 and Table 1.
4.2 analysis of body surface Hydrocarbon component of beet armyworm
In total 22 hydrocarbons were detected in the volatiles from adult beet armyworm bodies. Wherein, the contents of 7 straight-chain alkanes, 4 monomethyl alkanes, 5 dimethyl alkanes and 6 unknown hydrocarbons are respectively 31.20%, 9.44%, 50.65% and 8.71%.13,14-dimethylhexadecane (13,14-diMeC 36) was at its maximum content, reaching 18.11%. The results are shown in FIG. 1 and Table 1.
4.3 analysis of the Components of hydrocarbons on the surface of Prodenia litura
In total 21 hydrocarbons were detected in prodenia litura adult body surface volatiles. Wherein, the contents of the straight-chain alkanes of 6 kinds, the monomethyl alkanes of 4 kinds, the dimethyl alkanes of 6 kinds and the unknown hydrocarbons of 5 kinds are respectively 26.35 percent, 13.34 percent, 54.51 percent and 5.80 percent. The maximum n-heptacosane (C27) content was 15.67%. The results are shown in FIG. 1 and Table 1.
4.4 Oriental myxozoa body surface Hydrocarbon composition analysis
In total, 36 hydrocarbons were detected in the oriental armyworm adult body surface volatiles. Wherein, the contents of 5 straight-chain alkanes, 17 monomethyl alkanes, 8 dimethyl alkanes and 6 unknown hydrocarbons are respectively 5.30%, 20.62%, 30.14% and 43.94%. The content of Unknown component 9 (Unknown 9) is the maximum, and reaches 29.08 percent. The results are shown in FIG. 1 and Table 1.
4.5 analysis of Hydrocarbon composition on the surface of Cotton bollworm
In total, 54 hydrocarbons were detected in the volatiles from adult cotton bollworms. Wherein, the contents of 7 straight-chain alkanes, 27 monomethyl alkanes, 14 dimethyl alkanes and 6 unknown hydrocarbons are respectively 2.88 percent, 66.10 percent, 30.53 percent and 0.49 percent. 13,14-methyl tetratriacontane (13,14-diMeC 34) was at its most, reaching 19.01%. The results are shown in FIG. 1 and Table 1.
4.6 analysis of body surface Hydrocarbon composition of corn borer
In total, 38 kinds of hydrocarbon are detected in the volatile matters on the surface of the adult corn borers. Wherein, the contents of 9 straight-chain alkanes, 19 monomethyl alkanes, 4 dimethyl alkanes and 6 unknown hydrocarbons are respectively 17.27 percent, 31.66 percent, 44.03 percent and 7.04 percent. 7,12-dimethylhexadecane (7,12-diMeC 36) was present at maximum, up to 22.05%. The results are shown in FIG. 1 and Table 1.
The components of the body surface hydrocarbons of the 6 lepidoptera adult females are analyzed. A total of 82 body surface hydrocarbons are analyzed by 6 lepidopteran adults, wherein 12 straight-chain alkanes, 44 monomethyl alkanes, 16 dimethyl alkanes and 10 unknown hydrocarbons are obtained. Body surface hydrocarbons are stable within 6 species of adult lepidopteran worms. The results are shown in FIG. 1 and Table 1.
Through discriminant analysis, 6 lepidoptera adults can be well distinguished; however, 5 kinds of male and female adults of the same species have no significant difference, and only the male and female adults of the cotton bollworm can be separated. The results are shown in FIG. 2.
TABLE 1.6 Lepidoptera adult body surface Hydrocarbon compositions
Note: "KI" indicates Kovat's index, "Me" indicates monomethyl, "DiMe" indicates dimethyl, unknown indicates an Unknown hydrocarbon, and "-" indicates that the substance was not detected.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that the above preferred embodiment should not be considered as limiting the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the scope defined by the claims. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and adaptations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and these modifications and adaptations should be considered within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A rapid identification method for lepidoptera adults based on GC-MS technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Cutting off the tibialis knuckle of the forefoot at one side of the adult lepidoptera;
2) Placing the anterior podosphaeric tarsal joint in a thermal separation sample injection rod sample injection vial;
3) Inserting the thermal separation sample injection rod into a GC-MS sample injection port to directly gasify the volatile components of the tibetan of the forefoot, and performing chemical component analysis by GC-MS;
4) And (4) performing species identification by analyzing the species and content ratio of the hydrocarbons in the sample.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1), the adult lepidoptera is a female or male adult eclosion for 3 to 6 days.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein in step 3), the detection conditions of the GC-MS are as follows: the sample inlet temperature is 290 ℃, the chromatographic column is a DB-5 capillary column, and split-flow sample injection is not carried out; the temperature raising program is that the initial temperature is 50 ℃, the temperature is raised to 260 ℃ at the speed of 30 ℃/min, the temperature is raised to 300 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, and then the temperature is maintained for 5min; helium with the purity of 99.999 percent is taken as carrier gas; the ionization mode EI has ionization energy of 70eV, the temperature of an ion source generator of 230 ℃ and the mass scanning range of 30-330 amu.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step 4), the species identification is performed by analyzing the species and content ratio of hydrocarbons in the sample, specifically: according to peak areas of various components of the body surface hydrocarbons of different lepidoptera adults, carrying out logarithmic transformation on data, and carrying out principal component analysis on the transformed data, wherein the contribution rate of the principal components reaches over 90%; and (4) carrying out discriminant analysis by using the main components, and further identifying different lepidoptera adults.
5. The identification method of claim 1, wherein 13 hydrocarbons are detected in the adult body volatile substance of Spodoptera frugiperda, wherein the contents of 4 linear alkanes, 3 monomethyl alkanes, 4 dimethyl alkanes and 2 unknown hydrocarbons are 36.39%, 16.33%, 42.12% and 5.17%, respectively; in the case of beet armyworm, 22 hydrocarbons are detected in the volatile matter on the surface of the adult insect, wherein the contents of 7 straight-chain alkanes, 4 monomethyl alkanes, 5 dimethyl alkanes and 6 unknown hydrocarbons are 31.20%, 9.44%, 50.65% and 8.71%, respectively; when the product is prodenia litura, 21 hydrocarbons are detected in the volatile matters on the surface of adults, wherein the contents of 6 straight-chain alkanes, 4 monomethyl alkanes, 6 dimethyl alkanes and 5 unknown hydrocarbons are 26.35 percent, 13.34 percent, 54.51 percent and 5.80 percent respectively; when the armyworm is oriental armyworm, 36 hydrocarbons are detected in the volatile matters on the surface of the adult armyworm, wherein the contents of 5 straight-chain alkanes, 17 monomethyl alkanes, 8 dimethyl alkanes and 6 unknown hydrocarbons are 5.30%, 20.62%, 30.14% and 43.94% respectively; in the case of bollworm, 54 hydrocarbons are detected in the volatile matter on the adult body surface, wherein the contents of 7 straight-chain alkanes, 27 monomethyl alkanes, 14 dimethyl alkanes and 6 unknown hydrocarbons are 2.88%, 66.10%, 30.53% and 0.49%, respectively; in the case of the corn borer adults, 38 hydrocarbons are detected in the volatile matters on the surface of the adults, wherein the contents of 9 straight-chain alkanes, 19 monomethyl alkanes, 4 dimethyl alkanes and 6 unknown hydrocarbons are respectively 17.27%, 31.66%, 44.03% and 7.04%, and are shown in the following table:
note: "KI" indicates Kovat's index (Kovat's index), "Me" indicates monomethyl, "DiMe" indicates dimethyl, unknown indicates an Unknown hydrocarbon, and "-" indicates that the substance was not detected.
6. Use of the identification method of any one of claims 1 to 5 for rapid identification of adult lepidoptera.
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| US20100143429A1 (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2010-06-10 | Peter Silk | Contact sex pheromone component of the Emerald Ash Borer Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) |
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| US20100143429A1 (en) * | 2008-11-21 | 2010-06-10 | Peter Silk | Contact sex pheromone component of the Emerald Ash Borer Agrilus planipennis Fairmaire (Coleoptera: Buprestidae) |
| CN106770869A (en) * | 2016-11-22 | 2017-05-31 | 上海出入境检验检疫局动植物与食品检验检疫技术中心 | The assay method of roundheaded borer cuticular hydrocarbons and application |
| CN110927318A (en) * | 2019-12-10 | 2020-03-27 | 广东省农业科学院植物保护研究所 | Method for rapidly identifying thrips by GC-MS |
| CN114705797A (en) * | 2022-04-02 | 2022-07-05 | 中南大学 | Method for identifying autophagic fly species |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 林涛;陈婷;何余容;胡学难;梁帆;雷妍圆;吕利华;: "一种可用于桔小实蝇表皮碳氢化合物分析的固体进样技术", 昆虫学报, vol. 59, no. 03, 20 March 2016 (2016-03-20), pages 278 - 291 * |
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