CN115523267A - Elastic speed variator - Google Patents

Elastic speed variator Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115523267A
CN115523267A CN202110707267.4A CN202110707267A CN115523267A CN 115523267 A CN115523267 A CN 115523267A CN 202110707267 A CN202110707267 A CN 202110707267A CN 115523267 A CN115523267 A CN 115523267A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
torque
gear
input
load
control
Prior art date
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Pending
Application number
CN202110707267.4A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李瑞环
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Individual
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Individual
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Publication date
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Priority to CN202110707267.4A priority Critical patent/CN115523267A/en
Publication of CN115523267A publication Critical patent/CN115523267A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H3/00—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion
    • F16H3/44—Toothed gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio or for reversing rotary motion using gears having orbital motion
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H33/00—Gearings based on repeated accumulation and delivery of energy
    • F16H33/02—Rotary transmissions with mechanical accumulators, e.g. weights, springs, intermittently-connected flywheels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H48/00—Differential gearings
    • F16H48/38—Constructional details
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/0082—Transmissions for multiple ratios characterised by the number of reverse speeds
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/2002—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears
    • F16H2200/2005—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the number of sets of orbital gears with one sets of orbital gears
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
    • F16H2200/20—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion
    • F16H2200/203—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes
    • F16H2200/2033—Transmissions using gears with orbital motion characterised by the engaging friction means not of the freewheel type, e.g. friction clutches or brakes with one engaging means

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to an elastic speed changer which comprises a torque control mechanism and an input shaft, wherein the input shaft is connected with the torque control mechanism, a control load device is arranged on an input control gear on the torque control mechanism, an energy storage spring is connected between an output shaft of an input control gear set and an input shaft of an output control gear set, an inertia element is arranged on the output shaft of the input control gear set, the output shaft of the output control gear set is connected with a torque output shaft through a reverse gear differential mechanism, and the reverse gear differential mechanism is arranged on a differential mechanism frame and is connected with a reverse gear controller; the load control device applies load with periodic variation to the input control gear on the torque control mechanism, and the elasticity of the energy storage spring can be maintained in different ranges according to the speed of load variation and the amplitude of load variation, so that speed change is realized. The invention does not need to be matched with a clutch, and the transmission has double functions of the clutch and the transmission; it is possible to realize a stepless speed change from 0 to the maximum torque force or even beyond the maximum torque force.

Description

Elastic speed variator
Technical Field
The invention relates to an elastic speed changer and a working method thereof, belonging to the technical field of speed changers.
Background
The existing speed changers all adopt a mode (gear shifting) that a plurality of groups of gears form different combinations for speed changing, wherein, a manual speed changer needs to operate a gear lever by hand and is matched with a clutch for gear shifting, and the operation is complex; the automatic transmission changes speed through different combinations of the planetary gear set and the clutch, a complex hydraulic system is required to be matched with the hydraulic torque converter at the input end, and the system is complex and expensive; the CVT realizes stepless speed change, is convenient to use, but has higher cost, and the steel belt has limited bearing capacity and is easy to damage.
Chinese patent publication No. CN112555382a discloses a triode clutch and its working method, the triode clutch includes an input shaft and an output shaft, one end of the input shaft is provided with a sun gear, one end of the output shaft is provided with a fixing base, a fixing shaft is fixed on the fixing base, a planetary gear capable of rotating is sleeved on the fixing shaft, the outer side of the sun gear is meshed with the outer side of the planetary gear, and the outer side of the planetary gear is also meshed with the inner teeth of a control gear. The working method of the triode clutch comprises the following steps: the torque is input into the clutch from the innermost sun gear and then is transmitted to the middle planetary gear, the outermost control gear is connected with the gear oil pump, the flow of the gear oil pump is controlled through the flow valve, the load on the control gear is changed, and the torque on the output shaft is further changed. The invention is invented based on a triode clutch, which is shown in figure 1, and utilizes the torque distribution principle of a differential mechanism, takes one end of the triode clutch as an input end, and controls the magnitude of output torque by controlling the resistance on a control gear.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: how to reduce the complexity of the transmission and reduce the cost, and provides the elastic transmission.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: an elastic speed changer comprises a torque control mechanism, a control gear, an input shaft and a torque output shaft, wherein the input shaft is connected with the torque control mechanism, a control load device is arranged on an input control gear set on the torque control mechanism, an energy storage spring is connected between the output shaft of the input control gear set and the input shaft of an output control gear set, an inertia original paper is also arranged on the output shaft of the input control gear set, the output shaft of the output control gear set is connected with the torque output shaft through a reverse gear differential mechanism, and the reverse gear differential mechanism is arranged on a differential mechanism frame and connected with a reverse gear controller; the load control device applies load with periodic variation to the input control gear on the torque control mechanism, and the elasticity of the energy storage spring can be maintained in different ranges according to the speed of load variation and the amplitude of load variation, so that speed change is realized.
Further, the load control device is a load control gear which is periodically controlled in a magnetic, hydraulic, friction or pneumatic manner.
Furthermore, magnetic poles are distributed on the load control gear, different acting forces on the magnetic poles are realized through the change of an external magnetic field, and the change period of the load is controlled.
Furthermore, the torque control mechanism adopts a triode clutch and a planetary gear set, the triode clutch at the input end and the planetary gear set in the output control gear are arranged in a mirror image structure, so that the output torque is the same as the torque input by the input shaft, and the upper limit of the output torque is improved under the condition of no loss of rotating speed; or only one triode clutch at the input end is adopted, so that the output torque forms large torque; or only one triode clutch at the input end is adopted and reversely installed, namely, the planetary gear carrier is used as an input shaft, the original input shaft is used as an output shaft, so that the output end outputs high rotating speed and small torque; or the triode clutch is replaced by a planetary gear set and a planetary belt set which are matched with a cam and a crankshaft mechanism.
Further, in a neutral state, no load is applied to the input control gear by the load control device, and the output shaft of the triode clutch at the input end idles with the input control gear.
Further, in a forward state, the reverse gear controller is a forward gear by combining the output shaft and the differential carrier, the output control gear is locked, the control load device applies a periodically-changed load to the input control gear, the energy storage spring deforms, and the output shaft outputs a torque.
Further, the synchronous rotation of the output control gear and the planet carrier control gear is a low-speed large-torque output mode.
Further, in a reverse gear state, the reverse gear control seat, the reverse gear controller and the differential gear carrier are combined to form a reverse gear; under the acceleration and deceleration state, the load control device changes the change cycle of the load and changes the elasticity of the energy storage spring, thereby realizing acceleration and deceleration.
Furthermore, the torque control mechanism adopts a differential mechanism, the torque is input from one output end of the differential mechanism, the other output end of the differential mechanism is used as an output end, the planetary gear is used as an input control gear, the torque of the output end is controlled through the periodic change of the load on the input control gear, then the energy storage of the spring and the energy storage of the inertia element are carried out, the elastic force of the energy storage spring is maintained within a certain range, and the purpose of speed change is achieved.
Further, a spring and an inertia element are added to the input shaft to prevent vibration from propagating back to the engine and to smooth the input torque.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the elastic speed changer does not need a clutch, and the speed changer has double functions of the clutch and the speed changer;
2. complex gears are not needed for combination, and the structure is simple;
3. fewer components are required at lower cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a prior art triode clutch;
FIG. 2 is a schematic plan view of the elastomeric variator construction of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a first perspective view of the elastomeric derailleur construction of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a second perspective view of the elastomeric derailleur construction of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the elastomeric derailleur construction of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic representation of the flexible transmission configuration of the present invention in a forward state;
FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of the flexible transmission architecture of the present invention in a reverse state;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the differential structure.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and examples.
Example 1: as shown in fig. 2 to 5, an elastic transmission includes a triode clutch, an inertia element 5, an energy storage spring 6, and a reverse differential 11. The input shaft I1 is connected with the triode clutch at the input end, a device for controlling load is arranged on a control gear I3 on the triode clutch at the input end, the control gear I3 is connected with an output shaft I2 through a planet gear carrier I4 of the triode clutch at the input end, an inertia element 5 is arranged on the output shaft I2, and is connected with an input shaft II 7 of the triode clutch at the output end through an energy storage spring 6, the input shaft II 7 is connected with a control gear II 10 and an output shaft II 8 on the triode clutch at the output end through a planet gear carrier control gear 9 and a planet gear, the output shaft II 8 is connected to a gear differential mechanism 11 and an output shaft III 13, and the gear reverse differential mechanism 11 is arranged on a differential mechanism frame 15 and is connected with a gear reverse controller 12 arranged on a gear reverse control seat 14; the load control device applies a load to the control gear 3 which changes periodically, namely the load applied to the control gear 3 is small and large, and the elasticity of the energy storage spring 6 can be maintained in different ranges according to the speed of the small and large load, so that the speed change is realized.
In this embodiment, the triode clutch 50 and the output planetary gear set 51 at the input end are a set of mirror image structures, and the reason for this design is that the triode clutch can change the input torque of the input shaft, and the mirror image placement can change the torque to be the same as the input torque of the input shaft, that is, the upper limit of the torque can be improved, and the rotating speed cannot be lost; if a large torque is required, the output planetary gear set is not needed; if high speed and small torque force are needed, the output planetary gear can be deleted, and the input triode clutch needs to be reversely installed, namely, the planetary gear carrier is used as an input shaft, and the original input shaft is used as an output shaft.
As shown in fig. 5, the gear on the input shaft 1 is meshed with the planet gears, the planet gears are evenly distributed on the circumference of the input shaft gear, the planet gears are meshed with the internal teeth of the control gear 3, the planet gears are sleeved on three shafts of the planet gear carrier 4, and the rotation of the input shaft 1 causes the planet gears to rotate, so that the planet gear carrier 4 is further pushed to rotate. The output planetary gear set 51 is identical to the input triode clutch 50 except that the planetary gear carrier has one more gear, and the power transmission direction is opposite to that of the input end; the plurality of planet carrier synchronous gears are used for conveniently combining the external teeth of the control gear to realize high and low speeds.
The load control gear is provided with magnetic poles which are distributed alternately, different acting forces on the magnetic poles are realized through the change of an external magnetic field, and the change period of the load is controlled.
When the triode clutch is used, firstly, torque is input from the first input shaft to the input end, and because the load applied to the first control gear by the first load control gear is small, the input shaft does not act on the first output shaft, the first output shaft does not output torque, and the energy storage spring does not have elasticity; when the load on the first control gear is increased, the first input shaft correspondingly does work, the first output shaft outputs torque, the energy storage spring deforms, the spring stores energy, and the inertia element stores energy; when the load applied to the first control gear by the load control gear is reduced, the input shaft has no effect on the output shaft; due to inertia, the elasticity of the energy storage spring cannot be released immediately, and the running direction of the inertia element cannot be changed immediately; when the load on the first control gear is increased, the first input shaft does work, the first output shaft outputs torque, the spring deforms again, and the inertial element and the energy storage spring store energy; by analogy, the elastic force of the energy storage spring is gradually increased, but the time for changing the motion direction of the first output shaft and the inertia element is also shortened, so that different elastic forces corresponding to the spring can be stabilized under the change period and the load strength of a certain control load, the elastic force of the spring can be changed according to the change period of the control load, and the speed change is realized.
A neutral gear state: the load control gear is applied to the control gear in a non-load mode, and the output shaft and the control gear rotate in an idle mode;
a forward state: the reverse gear controller is combined with the first output shaft and the differential carrier to form a forward gear, the second control gear is locked, the load control gear applies periodically-changed load to the control gear, the energy storage spring is compressed, and the output shaft outputs torque; see fig. 6. And if the second control gear and the planet carrier control gear synchronously rotate, the low-speed high-torque output mode is obtained.
A reverse gear state: the reverse gear is achieved by combining the reverse gear control seat, the reverse gear controller and the differential gear carrier, and the reverse gear is achieved as shown in the figure 7.
An acceleration state: the load control gear changes the change cycle of the load and changes the elasticity of the energy storage spring, thereby realizing acceleration and deceleration.
Example 2: the two triode clutches of embodiment 1 can be replaced by a differential, see fig. 8, torque is input from one output end 20 of the differential, the torque of the other output end 22 is controlled by controlling the periodic change of the load on the planetary gear 21, and then the energy storage of the spring and the energy storage of the inertia element are carried out, so that the elastic force of the energy storage spring is maintained within a certain range, and the purpose of speed change is achieved. And a triode clutch corresponding to the control gear two is optional. Or the triode clutch can be replaced by a planetary gear set and a planetary belt set which are matched with a cam and crank mechanism.
The load control gear of example 1,2 can be periodically controlled by hydraulic, friction, air pressure, etc., in addition to magnetic force.
Example 3: the addition of a spring and an inertia element to the input shaft 1 prevents the reverse propagation of vibrations to the engine and smoothes the input torque.
Example 4: the load control of the control gear may act directly on the control gear without the need for a load control gear.

Claims (10)

1. An elastic speed changer comprises a torque control mechanism, a control gear, an input shaft and a torque output shaft, and is characterized in that: the input shaft is connected with a torque control mechanism, a control load device is arranged on an input control gear set on the torque control mechanism, an energy storage spring is connected between an output shaft of the input control gear set and an input shaft of an output control gear set, an inertia element is also arranged on the output shaft of the input control gear set, the output shaft of the output control gear set is connected with the torque output shaft through a reverse gear differential mechanism, and the reverse gear differential mechanism is arranged on a differential mechanism frame and connected with a reverse gear controller; the load control device applies load with periodic variation to the input control gear on the torque control mechanism, and the elasticity of the energy storage spring can be maintained in different ranges according to the speed of load variation and the amplitude of load variation, so that speed change is realized.
2. The elastomeric variator of claim 1, wherein: the load control device is a load control gear, and the load control gear is periodically controlled in a magnetic force, hydraulic pressure, friction force, spring elasticity or air pressure mode.
3. The elastomeric variator of claim 2, wherein: magnetic poles are distributed on the load control gear, different acting forces on the magnetic poles are achieved through changes of an external magnetic field, and the change period of the load is controlled.
4. The elastomeric variator of claim 1, wherein: the torque control mechanism adopts a triode clutch and a planetary gear set, the triode clutch at the input end and the planetary gear set in the output control gear set are arranged in a mirror image structure, so that the output torque is the same as the input torque of the input shaft, and the upper limit of the output torque is improved under the condition of no loss of rotating speed; or only one triode clutch at the input end is adopted, so that the output torque forms large torque; or only one triode clutch at the input end is adopted and reversely installed, namely, the planetary gear carrier is used as an input shaft, the original input shaft is used as an output shaft, so that the output end outputs high rotating speed and small torque; or the triode clutch is replaced by a planetary gear set and a planetary belt set which are matched with a cam and a crankshaft mechanism.
5. The elastomeric variator of claim 4, wherein: and in a neutral gear state, when no load is applied to the input control gear by the load control device, the output shaft of the triode clutch at the input end idles with the input control gear.
6. The elastomeric variator of claim 4, wherein: in the forward state, the reverse gear controller is used as a forward gear by combining the output shaft and the differential carrier, the output control gear is locked, the control load device applies a periodically-changed load to the input control gear, and the energy storage spring deforms to output torque of the output shaft.
7. The elastomeric variator of claim 6, wherein: the synchronous rotation of the output control gear and the planet gear carrier control gear is a low-speed large-torque output mode.
8. The elastomeric variator of claim 4, wherein: in a reverse gear state, the reverse gear control seat, the reverse gear controller and the differential gear carrier are combined to form a reverse gear; under the acceleration and deceleration state, the load control device changes the change cycle of the load and changes the elasticity of the energy storage spring, thereby realizing acceleration and deceleration.
9. The elastomeric variator of claim 1, wherein: the torque control mechanism adopts a differential mechanism, the torque is input from one output end of the differential mechanism, the other output end of the differential mechanism is used as an output end, the planetary gear is used as an input control gear, the torque of the output end is controlled through the periodic change of the load on the input control gear, then the spring energy storage and the inertia element energy storage are carried out, the elastic force of the energy storage spring is maintained within a certain range, and the purpose of speed change is achieved.
10. The elastomeric variator of claim 1, wherein: a spring and inertia element are added to the input shaft to prevent vibration from propagating back to the engine and to smooth the input torque.
CN202110707267.4A 2021-06-24 2021-06-24 Elastic speed variator Pending CN115523267A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110707267.4A CN115523267A (en) 2021-06-24 2021-06-24 Elastic speed variator

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110707267.4A CN115523267A (en) 2021-06-24 2021-06-24 Elastic speed variator

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN115523267A true CN115523267A (en) 2022-12-27

Family

ID=84694275

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202110707267.4A Pending CN115523267A (en) 2021-06-24 2021-06-24 Elastic speed variator

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN115523267A (en)

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