CN115521133A - Ceramic plate for inner wall and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Ceramic plate for inner wall and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115521133A CN115521133A CN202111374612.3A CN202111374612A CN115521133A CN 115521133 A CN115521133 A CN 115521133A CN 202111374612 A CN202111374612 A CN 202111374612A CN 115521133 A CN115521133 A CN 115521133A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- blank
- glaze
- mud
- hot air
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 129
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 26
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 140
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 99
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 83
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000004927 clay Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000012745 toughening agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000012744 reinforcing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004040 coloring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011499 joint compound Substances 0.000 claims description 91
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 65
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000015895 biscuits Nutrition 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 229910052573 porcelain Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000010433 feldspar Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000019832 sodium triphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004113 Sepiolite Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052624 sepiolite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000019355 sepiolite Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007602 hot air drying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 244000215068 Acacia senegal Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000084 Gum arabic Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000205 acacia gum Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000010489 acacia gum Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000010456 wollastonite Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052882 wollastonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H tricalcium bis(phosphate) Chemical compound [Ca+2].[Ca+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O QORWJWZARLRLPR-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010427 ball clay Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- NWXHSRDXUJENGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;magnesium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O NWXHSRDXUJENGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052637 diopside Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004579 marble Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropanal Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C=O IRPGOXJVTQTAAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K Aluminum fluoride Inorganic materials F[Al](F)F KLZUFWVZNOTSEM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910021532 Calcite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000881 Modified starch Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004368 Modified starch Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L barium(2+);oxomethanediolate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-][14C]([O-])=O AYJRCSIUFZENHW-DEQYMQKBSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001570 bauxite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052599 brucite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001506 calcium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000389 calcium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000011010 calcium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical class [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001649 dickite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010459 dolomite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000514 dolomite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- RRDQTXGFURAKDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;naphthalene-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound O=C.C1=CC=CC2=CC(S(=O)(=O)O)=CC=C21 RRDQTXGFURAKDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004676 glycans Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010438 granite Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052900 illite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052622 kaolinite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005610 lignin Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019426 modified starch Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L nonaaluminum;magnesium;tripotassium;1,3-dioxido-2,4,5-trioxa-1,3-disilabicyclo[1.1.1]pentane;iron(2+);oxygen(2-);fluoride;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[F-].[Mg+2].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Al+3].[K+].[K+].[K+].[Fe+2].O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2.O1[Si]2([O-])O[Si]1([O-])O2 VGIBGUSAECPPNB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011505 plaster Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052903 pyrophyllite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052851 sillimanite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940083542 sodium Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000015424 sodium Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000029 sodium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J sodium diphosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O FQENQNTWSFEDLI-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 claims description 3
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920005552 sodium lignosulfonate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 3
- 229940048086 sodium pyrophosphate Drugs 0.000 claims description 3
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019818 tetrasodium diphosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zirconium(iv) silicate Chemical compound [Zr+4].[O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] GFQYVLUOOAAOGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 101001018064 Homo sapiens Lysosomal-trafficking regulator Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 102100033472 Lysosomal-trafficking regulator Human genes 0.000 claims 1
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 244000038561 Modiola caroliniana Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010703 Modiola caroliniana Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 19
- CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium oxide Chemical compound [Mg]=O CPLXHLVBOLITMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 11
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 11
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000395 magnesium oxide Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007688 edging Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000498 ball milling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009766 low-temperature sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241000571645 Sabellastarte magnifica Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000007853 Sarothamnus scoparius Species 0.000 description 1
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010431 corundum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013467 fragmentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006062 fragmentation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011464 hollow brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007641 inkjet printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012797 qualification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
- C04B33/135—Combustion residues, e.g. fly ash, incineration waste
- C04B33/1352—Fuel ashes, e.g. fly ash
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/30—Drying methods
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/32—Burning methods
- C04B33/34—Burning methods combined with glazing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/0003—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof containing continuous channels, e.g. of the "dead-end" type or obtained by pushing bars in the green ceramic product
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/52—Multiple coating or impregnating multiple coating or impregnating with the same composition or with compositions only differing in the concentration of the constituents, is classified as single coating or impregnation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/89—Coating or impregnation for obtaining at least two superposed coatings having different compositions
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/02—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials
- E04C2/04—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by specified materials of concrete or other stone-like material; of asbestos cement; of cement and other mineral fibres
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/30—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the shape or structure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04C—STRUCTURAL ELEMENTS; BUILDING MATERIALS
- E04C2/00—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels
- E04C2/44—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose
- E04C2/46—Building elements of relatively thin form for the construction of parts of buildings, e.g. sheet materials, slabs, or panels characterised by the purpose specially adapted for making walls
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3436—Alkaline earth metal silicates, e.g. barium silicate
- C04B2235/3445—Magnesium silicates, e.g. forsterite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3436—Alkaline earth metal silicates, e.g. barium silicate
- C04B2235/3454—Calcium silicates, e.g. wollastonite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/34—Non-metal oxides, non-metal mixed oxides, or salts thereof that form the non-metal oxides upon heating, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3427—Silicates other than clay, e.g. water glass
- C04B2235/3463—Alumino-silicates other than clay, e.g. mullite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/65—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes
- C04B2235/656—Aspects relating to heat treatments of ceramic bodies such as green ceramics or pre-sintered ceramics, e.g. burning, sintering or melting processes characterised by specific heating conditions during heat treatment
- C04B2235/6567—Treatment time
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P40/00—Technologies relating to the processing of minerals
- Y02P40/60—Production of ceramic materials or ceramic elements, e.g. substitution of clay or shale by alternative raw materials, e.g. ashes
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a ceramic plate for an inner wall, which comprises the following steps: mixing the blank raw materials according to a ratio, adding water, and grinding to obtain slurry; the mud is subjected to filter pressing and extrusion treatment to obtain first mud strips, and the first mud strips are subjected to ageing and pugging treatment to obtain second mud strips; extruding the second mud strip into a green body, wherein the green body is provided with a through hole which penetrates through the green body along the length direction; cutting, drying, glazing, glaze firing and cold processing the blank to obtain a finished product; the blank body comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: clay raw material 40-85%, flux raw material 12-40%, ridge raw material 0-30%, coarse grain material 0-35%, reinforcing agent 0-15%, toughening agent 0-10%, coloring material 0-10%; the slurry comprises: the addition amount of the adhesive is 0-7.0% of the addition amount of the blank raw material, and the addition amount of the debonder is 0.1-2.0% of the addition amount of the blank raw material. The ceramic plate for the inner wall integrates the building and decoration functions, and has the advantages of light weight, high strength, heat preservation, sound insulation, good weather resistance and good decoration.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ceramics, in particular to a ceramic plate for an inner wall and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The architectural ceramics are developed from external wall tiles, internal wall tiles and colored glaze tiles to glazed tiles, archaized tiles, landscape floor tiles, whole external wall tiles, ceramic plates and rock plates, and the architectural ceramics are mainly used as surface decorative materials of buildings, such as wall decoration, ground decoration, working table surfaces, furniture veneers and the like. The building ceramic can be used as a wall partition material and has a decoration function, and other ceramic materials except a foamed ceramic composite material do not exist in the market at present.
The wall masonry decoration in the construction industry at the present stage is generally divided into three steps of construction, wherein in the first step, a wall is built by red bricks, sintered hollow bricks, sintered porous bricks, light bricks, building blocks, foamed ceramics and the like; secondly, hanging a net on the wall surface, painting and leveling, and preserving heat of the outer vertical surface; and thirdly, decorating the surface of the wall body, such as decorating the outer vertical surface by using paint, pasting ceramic tiles or hanging a curtain wall in a dry mode, and decorating the interior by using wall cloth and wallpaper, scraping white, pasting ceramic tiles, brushing silicon mud, paving stone materials or assembling integrated materials. The construction method for wall building decoration has the problems of long construction period, high construction cost, and more construction waste and dust generated in the construction process. Most of the existing decorative materials have the defects of various forms such as falling, color change, formaldehyde content, corrosion, mildew, short service life and the like, and most of interior decoration needs secondary decoration after more than 20 years, and the secondary decoration inevitably has environmental pollution and material waste, so the existing decoration materials and decoration methods also have places needing improvement.
Chinese patent CN202010032597.3 discloses a large-size thin ceramic plate with double-sided decoration and a preparation method thereof. The first method of double-sided decoration is that the blank body is dried, then the front side is decorated, and the blank body is sintered at high temperature, wherein the sintering temperature is 1100-1250 ℃, and the sintering time is 1-3 h; then back decoration and low-temperature firing are carried out, the firing temperature is 900-1050 ℃, and the firing time is 40 min-2 h. The second method of double-sided decoration is to erect the dried blank, decorate the two surfaces of the blank by digital glaze spraying and ink-jet printing, and then put into a kiln to be fired at low temperature of 900-1050 ℃ for one time, wherein the firing time is 40 min-2 h. The two double-sided decoration processes involve low-temperature sintering, the product obtained by low-temperature sintering has low surface hardness and poor wear resistance, scratches are easy to appear on the surface during use, and the user experience feeling has disadvantages.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a preparation method of a ceramic plate for an inner wall, wherein the preparation method adopts a proper blank formula and adopts a wet extrusion molding mode to prepare the ceramic plate with through holes.
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a ceramic slab for an interior wall, which can be used alone as an interior wall building material, and has a short construction period because one slab forms a wall.
In order to solve the above technical problems, there is provided a method for preparing a ceramic plate for an interior wall, comprising the steps of:
mixing the blank raw materials according to a ratio, adding water, and grinding to obtain slurry;
the mud is subjected to filter pressing and extrusion treatment to obtain first mud strips, and the first mud strips are subjected to ageing and pugging treatment to obtain second mud strips;
extruding the second mud strip into a green body, wherein the green body is provided with a through hole, and the through hole penetrates through the green body along the length direction;
cutting, drying, glazing, firing, and cold processing the blank to obtain a finished product;
the blank body comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: clay raw material 40-85%, flux raw material 12-40%, ridge raw material 0-30%, coarse grain material 0-35%, reinforcing agent 0-15%, toughening agent 0-10%, coloring material 0-10%;
the mud comprises: the addition amount of the adhesive is 0-7.0% of the addition amount of the blank raw material, and the addition amount of the debonder is 0.1-2.0% of the addition amount of the blank raw material.
Preferably, the method for preparing the slurry by mixing the blank raw materials according to the proportion and adding water for grinding comprises the following steps:
(1) Putting the clay raw material, the flux raw material, the reinforcing agent, the pigment and the degumming agent into grinding equipment in proportion, grinding and sieving to obtain first slurry;
(2) And adding the toughening agent and the binder into the first slurry in proportion, mixing and sieving to obtain second slurry.
Preferably, the method for preparing the slurry by mixing the blank raw materials according to the proportion and adding water for grinding comprises the following steps:
(1) Putting the clay raw material, the flux raw material, the ridge raw material, the reinforcing agent, the pigment and the degumming agent into grinding equipment in proportion, and grinding and sieving to obtain first slurry;
(2) And adding the toughening agent, the coarse particles and the binder into the first slurry in proportion, mixing and sieving to obtain second slurry.
Preferably, after the first mud strip is sealed and aged for 12-96 hours, a second mud strip with the water content of 13-21% is obtained after pugging treatment;
the second mud strip is made into a green body under the action of extrusion equipment;
the vacuum degree of the extrusion equipment is 0.08-0.095 Mpa, the extrusion pressure of the extrusion equipment is 2.0-5.0 Mpa, and the mud temperature in the extrusion equipment is 15-60 ℃.
Preferably, the drying of the green body comprises a first drying section and a second drying section;
the first drying section adopts a drying mode of combining microwave and humidifying hot air;
the temperature of the blank at the outlet of the first drying section is 45-70 ℃;
the moisture of the blank at the outlet of the first drying section is 8-18%;
the second drying section adopts a multi-section hot air drying mode with different humidity;
the moisture of the blank at the outlet of the second drying section is 0.2-1.5%;
the temperature of the blank at the outlet of the second drying section is 90-130 ℃.
Preferably, the microwave frequency adopted by the first drying section is 2450 +/-50 MHz, and the opening degree of the microwave power is 30-100%;
the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature of the humidifying hot air adopted by the first drying section and the surface temperature of the green body is-5-15 ℃;
the relative humidity of the humidifying hot air adopted by the first drying section is 70-100%, and the wind speed of the humidifying hot air adopted by the first drying section is 0-3 m/s;
the second drying section comprises front section humidifying hot air, middle section humidifying hot air and rear section hot air;
the temperature difference between the dry ball temperature of the front segment humidifying hot air and the surface temperature of the green body is-10 to 20 ℃;
the relative humidity of the front-stage humidifying hot air is 70-100%;
the wind speed of the front segment humidifying hot wind is 0-3 m/s;
the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature of the middle-section humidifying hot air and the surface temperature of the blank body is-15-35 ℃;
the relative humidity of the middle-section humidifying hot air is 40-80%;
the wind speed of the middle-section humidifying hot wind is 0.5-5 m/s;
the dry bulb temperature of the rear-section hot air is 90-260 ℃;
the wind speed of the rear section hot wind is 3-8 m/s.
Preferably, the ceramic plate is provided with a single-sided decorative layer;
the single-sided decorative layer of the ceramic plate is obtained by glazing and glaze firing the dried blank on one side;
the glazing process comprises the following steps: sequentially applying base coat, pattern decoration and surface layer glaze to any plane of the blank body to obtain a glaze blank;
the glaze firing process comprises: and horizontally placing the glaze blank in a sintering device for sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1060-1250 ℃, and the sintering time is 2-8 h.
Preferably, the ceramic plate is provided with a double-sided decorative layer;
the double-sided decorative layer of the ceramic plate is obtained by biscuit firing, double-sided glazing and glaze firing of a dried blank;
the glazing process comprises the following steps: vertically placing the blank body on a glaze line transmission belt, and simultaneously sequentially applying base glaze, pattern decoration and surface layer glaze to the two sides of the blank body to obtain a glaze blank;
the glaze firing process comprises: vertically placing the glaze blank on a roller rod, and firing in a kiln, wherein the firing temperature is 1060-1250 ℃, and the firing time is 2.5-10 h;
or, the glaze firing process comprises: and (3) vertically placing the glaze blank on a kiln car or kiln furniture, and firing in a kiln, wherein the firing temperature is 1100-1300 ℃, and the firing time is 6-24 h.
Preferably, the first and second electrodes are formed of a metal,
the clay raw materials comprise one or more of black mud, purple wood knots, white mud, plaster, red mud, kaolin, ball clay, magnesia mud, montmorillonite, illite, shale and purple sand mud;
the flux raw materials comprise one or more of feldspar, porcelain stone, porcelain sand, diopside, talc, limestone, dolomite, calcite, barium carbonate, waste glass, recycled glaze, bone ash, calcium phosphate, borocalcite, ceramic waste, marble waste and granite waste;
the ridged raw material comprises one or more of kaolinite, dickite, sillimanite, quartz sand, pyrophyllite, coal gangue, bauxite, blast furnace slag and fly ash;
the coarse particle material comprises one or more of waste ceramic grains, feldspar coarse particles, porcelain stone coarse particles and feldspar-containing tailings;
the reinforcing agent comprises one or more of zirconia powder, zirconium silicate, mullite powder, alumina powder and aluminum fluoride powder;
the toughening agent comprises one or more of sepiolite, wollastonite, brucite and chopped glass fiber;
the debonder comprises one or more of sodium tripolyphosphate, water glass, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium humate, sodium carbonate, beta-naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde condensate sodium salt, polyacrylamide and polycarboxylate substances of sodium polyacrylate;
the binder comprises one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, modified starch ether, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium lignosulfonate, modified lignin, modified polysaccharide, gum arabic, carboxyl cellulose and acrylate copolymer.
The invention also provides the ceramic plate prepared by the preparation method, wherein the ceramic plate is provided with a through hole which penetrates through the ceramic plate along the length direction, and the ceramic plate is provided with a single-sided decorative layer or a double-sided decorative layer.
The implementation of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the preparation method of the ceramic plate for the inner wall provided by the invention adopts a proper blank formula and a wet extrusion molding mode to prepare the ceramic plate with the through hole. The ceramic plate integrates building and decoration functions, can simplify the building construction process, integrates two processes of wall building and decoration into a whole, can improve the building construction speed, reduce the building cost, reduce waste materials and environmental pollutants generated in the links of wall building, painting and decoration in the construction process, greatly simplify the building material catalogue, and reduce the energy consumption and carbon emission required by producing various building decoration materials.
The ceramic plate can be independently used as an inner wall building material, one plate forms a wall, and the building period is short. When the method is used in the real estate industry, blank rooms can be directly eliminated, and hardcover rooms can be rapidly delivered. Due to the long service life of the ceramic material, the service life of the ceramic plate can reach 50 years, 100 years or even longer. The ceramic plate for the inner wall provided by the invention has the advantages of light weight, high strength, energy conservation, environmental protection, heat preservation, sound insulation, good weather resistance, good decoration, high cost performance and convenience in installation, and is a multifunctional novel building decoration composite material.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing a construction of a ceramic plate for an interior wall according to the present invention, in which through-holes are circular;
fig. 2 is a sectional view of a ceramic plate for an inner wall according to the present invention, in which through-holes are circular;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing a construction of a ceramic plate for an inner wall according to the present invention, in which through-holes are formed in a square shape;
fig. 4 is a sectional view of a ceramic plate for an inner wall according to the present invention, in which a through-hole is circular.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention discloses a preparation method of a ceramic plate for an inner wall, which comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing blank raw materials in proportion, adding water, and grinding to obtain slurry;
s2, performing filter pressing and extrusion treatment on the slurry to obtain first mud strips, and performing ageing and pugging treatment on the first mud strips to obtain second mud strips;
s3, extruding the second mud strip into a blank body, wherein the blank body is provided with a through hole, and the through hole penetrates through the blank body along the length direction;
s4, cutting, drying, glazing, firing, and cold processing the blank to obtain a finished product;
the blank body comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: clay raw material 40-85%, flux raw material 12-40%, ridge raw material 0-30%, coarse grain material 0-35%, reinforcing agent 0-15%, toughening agent 0-10%, and pigment 0-10%;
the slurry comprises: the addition amount of the adhesive is 0-7.0% of the addition amount of the blank raw material, and the addition amount of the debonder is 0.1-2.0% of the addition amount of the blank raw material.
The preparation method of the ceramic plate for the inner wall provided by the invention adopts a proper blank formula and adopts a wet extrusion molding mode to prepare the ceramic plate with the through holes. The ceramic plate integrates building and decoration functions, can simplify the building construction process, integrates two processes of wall building and decoration into a whole, can improve the building construction speed, reduce the building cost, can reduce waste materials and environmental pollutants generated in the construction process due to the links of wall building, painting and decoration, greatly simplifies the building material catalogue, and reduces the energy consumption and carbon emission required by producing various building decoration materials.
Further, the ceramic plate for an inner wall according to the present invention is provided with a through hole which penetrates the ceramic plate in a length direction, as shown in fig. 1. The ceramic plate is provided with a single-sided decorative layer or a double-sided decorative layer, the thickness of the ceramic plate for the inner wall is 40-240 mm, and the ceramic plate for the inner wall is thick. The preparation method of the ceramic plate is similar to that of a ceramic plate, and the ceramic plate is characterized in that wet forming is adopted to obtain blanks, and the blanks are subjected to drying, glazing, pattern decoration, firing and cold machining to obtain finished products. However, if the ceramic plate preparation method or the ceramic tile preparation method is used for preparing the ceramic plate, the technical problems of difficult drying, roller sticking due to double-sided glaze firing, easy damage in transportation, easy cracking due to cold processing and the like exist. Therefore, the inventor creates the preparation method of the ceramic plate for the inner wall, which is provided by the invention, by combining the performance characteristics of the ceramic plate on the basis of the preparation method of the ceramic plate.
Firstly, the invention adopts the wet extrusion molding to manufacture the large-size porous ceramic tile, and the extrusion molding has high requirement on the plasticity of pug. In addition, the large-size ceramic plate needs cold machining in the later period, so that the requirement on strength is high. For this reason, the inventors have increased the amount of clay used in the formulation. The concrete proportion is as follows:
the blank body comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: clay raw material 40-85%, flux raw material 12-40%, ridge raw material 0-30%, coarse grain material 0-35%, reinforcing agent 0-15%, toughening agent 0-10%, coloring material 0-10%;
the slurry comprises: the addition amount of the adhesive is 0-7.0% of the addition amount of the blank raw material, and the addition amount of the debonder is 0.1-2.0% of the addition amount of the blank raw material.
Preferably, the blank raw materials comprise the following components in percentage by weight: 50-65% of clay raw material, 15-30% of fluxed raw material, 3-10% of ridge raw material, 0-20% of coarse particle material, 2-8% of reinforcing agent, 3-8% of toughening agent and 0-10% of pigment. The slurry comprises: the addition amount of the adhesive is 0.1-1.5% of the addition amount of the blank raw material, and the addition amount of the debonder is 0.3-1.0% of the addition amount of the blank raw material.
Wherein the clay raw material comprises one or more of black mud, purple wood knots, white mud, plaster, red mud, kaolin, ball clay, magnesia mud, montmorillonite, illite, shale and purple sand mud; the drying strength of the clay raw material is not less than 1.5MPa, and the sand content is not more than 30% by screening through a 250-mesh sieve.
The flux raw materials comprise one or more of feldspar, porcelain stone, porcelain sand, diopside, talc, limestone, dolomite, calcite, barium carbonate, waste glass, recycled glaze, bone ash, calcium phosphate, borocalcite, ceramic waste, marble waste and granite waste; the particle size of the flux raw material is not more than 10mm; wherein, the borocalcite is preferably borocalcite prefired at 550 ℃.
The ridged raw material comprises one or more of kaolinite, dickite, sillimanite, quartz sand, pyrophyllite, coal gangue, bauxite, blast furnace slag and fly ash; the particle size of the ridge raw material is not more than 10mm.
The coarse particle material comprises one or more of waste ceramic grains, feldspar coarse particles, porcelain stone coarse particles and feldspar-containing tailings; preferably, the mesh number of the coarse particles is 10-40 meshes. More preferably, the mesh number of the coarse particles is 16-35 meshes.
The reinforcing agent comprises one or more of zirconia powder, zirconium silicate, mullite powder, alumina powder and aluminum fluoride powder; preferably, the particle size of the reinforcing agent is 250-1000 meshes, more preferably, the reinforcing agent is zirconia powder, the fineness of the zirconia powder is 0.5-1.5 mu m, and the D90 is less than or equal to 1 mu m.
The toughening agent comprises one or more of sepiolite, wollastonite, brucite and chopped glass fiber; preferably, the aspect ratio of the toughening agent is 8:1 to 30:1, the grain diameter is less than or equal to 100 mu m. More preferably, the toughening agent is sepiolite, and the length-diameter ratio of the sepiolite is 10:1 to 25:1, the radial width is 0.05-0.2 μm.
The colorant includes various colors, and it should be noted that the colorant may be various materials with special luster, and the invention is not limited.
The debonder comprises one or more of sodium tripolyphosphate, water glass, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium humate, sodium carbonate, sodium salt of beta-naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde condensate, polyacrylamide and polycarboxylate substances of sodium polyacrylate. Preferably, the molecular weight of the polyacrylamide is 2000 to 3000.
The binder comprises one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, modified starch ether, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium lignosulfonate, modified lignin, modified polysaccharide, gum arabic, carboxyl cellulose and acrylate copolymer.
In the blank body formula provided by the invention, a large amount of clay raw materials are used to improve the plasticity of the pug and ensure the forming performance of the pug. Along with the increase of the consumption of the high-plasticity raw materials, the extruded green body is less prone to crack in the drying process, and the green body has higher strength. Therefore, it is necessary to increase the amount of clay raw material and to add a certain amount of binder for extrusion molding. Preferably, the weight percentage of the clay raw material is 50-70%, and the addition of the binder is 0.1-1.5% of the addition of the blank raw material.
In addition, a toughening agent and a reinforcing agent are introduced into the formula, the toughening agent belongs to a fibrous structure, and after the toughening agent is added into a blank, a quick drainage channel can be formed during drying, so that the drying, drainage and quick firing of the blank are facilitated. And the toughening agent has stable crystal structure in the firing process, and can still keep or partially keep a fibrous structure under high-temperature firing, so that the toughening agent can improve the toughness and cold processing performance of the product. The reinforcing agent can change the microstructure of the blank body, so that the finished ceramic plate is fine and uniform, and the reinforcing agent containing the alumina component can increase the content of mullite crystal phase or corundum crystal phase, thereby improving the compressive strength and the modulus of rupture of the blank body.
When the shape of the through hole of the blank is special, the wall is thin and the self weight is large, and the blank is easy to deform in the drying process, the blank contains a grid structure formed by coarse particles by adding part of coarse particle raw materials, the support blank has the capability of adapting to transportation resistance and drying stress without deformation in a high-moisture state, the deformation of the blank in the drying process is reduced, and the size compliance and the drying yield of ceramic plate products are improved.
On the basis of the formula, the preparation method provided by the invention is explained step by step.
In the step S1, the blank raw materials are mixed according to the proportion and ground to obtain slurry. The blank formula can contain coarse particles or not.
When the blank formula does not contain coarse particles, preferably, the blank raw materials are mixed according to the proportion and are ground by adding water to obtain slurry, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Putting the clay raw material, the flux raw material, the reinforcing agent, the pigment and the degumming agent into grinding equipment in proportion, grinding and sieving to obtain first slurry;
(2) And adding the toughening agent and the binder into the first slurry in proportion, mixing and sieving to obtain second slurry.
When the blank formula contains coarse particles, preferably, the blank raw materials are mixed according to the proportion and are ground by adding water to obtain slurry, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) Putting the clay raw material, the flux raw material, the ridge raw material, the reinforcing agent, the pigment and the degumming agent into grinding equipment in proportion, grinding and sieving to obtain first slurry;
(2) And adding the toughening agent, the coarse particles and the binder into the first slurry in proportion, mixing and sieving to obtain second slurry.
More preferably, when the green body formulation contains coarse particles, the grinding comprises the following steps:
(1) The preparation method comprises the following steps of preparing materials according to a blank formula, adding the prepared clay raw materials, flux raw materials, ridge raw materials, reinforcing agents, pigments and degumming agents into a ball mill, adding water, mixing and grinding, sieving by using a sieve with 8-30 meshes after ball milling, controlling the screen residue of a 250-mesh sieve to be 0.5-3.5%, controlling the water content to be 32-40% after sieving, controlling the flow rate to be 20-120 s, and uniformly stirring to obtain first slurry.
(2) And adding the toughening agent, the coarse particles and the binder into the first slurry in proportion, mixing and sieving to obtain second slurry.
In the step (2), the toughening agent is added into the first slurry after passing through a screen with 40-100 meshes;
dissolving the binder by 20-100 times of water, uniformly stirring, standing for 8-24 hours, sieving by a 60-150 mesh sieve, and then adding into the first slurry;
preferably, the binder is dissolved by 20-100 times of water, then is sent into a ball mill to be ground for 1-3 h, passes through a screen mesh of 50-150 meshes after ball milling, and then is added into the first slurry;
the coarse particles are added directly to the first slurry.
It should be noted that the dry portion of the formulation may be 0, and when the formulation ratio is 0, the corresponding addition step may be omitted.
In the step S2, the mud is subjected to filter pressing and extrusion treatment to obtain first mud strips.
Preferably, the preparation method of the first mud strip comprises the following steps:
pumping the sieved and uniformly mixed mud into a mud press, and press-filtering the mud into mud cakes by the mud press, wherein the water content of the mud cakes is controlled to be 13-21%, and the mud cakes are processed by a mud refining device to obtain first mud strips.
The first mud strip is aged and pugged to obtain a second mud strip, and preferably, the preparation method of the second mud strip comprises the following steps:
and sealing and ageing the first mud strip for 8-96 h, and performing pugging treatment to obtain a second mud strip with the water content of 13-21%.
More preferably, the preparation method of the second mud strip comprises the following steps:
and sealing and ageing the first mud strip for 12-48 h, and preparing a second mud strip with water content of 14-18% by using a mud refining device.
It should be noted that, according to the moisture requirement of the green body during molding, atomized water is used for moisture adjustment or the first mud strip is matched in a dry-wet manner, and the moisture of the second mud strip is adjusted to a proper range, so that the second mud strip is suitable for wet molding.
And in the step S3, extruding the second mud strip into a blank. Preferably, the second mud strip is extruded to be made into a green body under the action of extrusion equipment; the green body is provided with a through hole which penetrates through the green body along the length direction.
The vacuum degree of the extrusion equipment is 0.08-0.095 Mpa, the extrusion pressure of the extrusion equipment is 2.0-5.0 Mpa, and the mud temperature in the extrusion equipment is 15-60 ℃.
More preferably, the vacuum degree of the vacuum extruder is 0.09-0.095 Mpa, the extrusion pressure of the vacuum extruder is 3.0-4.5 Mpa, and the pug temperature in the vacuum extruder is 25-45 ℃.
The shape and specification of the outlet of the die in the vacuum extruder determine the shape and specification of the blank. The shape and specification of the forming hole column in the die determine the shape and specification of the through hole in the blank.
And cutting the green body extruded from the vacuum extruder into pieces with required length by a synchronous cutting device. And cutting the blank and then performing a drying process. Preferably, the green body is cut by the synchronous cutting device, then is cut for the second time by the static cutting device, and then enters the drying process after being cut for the second time.
In the step S4, the blank body can be dried naturally or in a drying room at the temperature of 25-65 ℃; or a two-stage drying mode is carried out by combining a plurality of sections of hot air drying with different humidity.
Preferably, the drying of the green body comprises a first drying section and a second drying section;
the first drying section adopts a drying mode of combining microwave and humidifying hot air;
the temperature of the blank at the outlet of the first drying section is 45-70 ℃;
the moisture of the blank at the outlet of the first drying section is 8-18%;
the second drying section adopts a multi-section hot air drying mode with different humidity;
the moisture of the blank at the outlet of the second drying section is 0.2-1.5%;
the temperature of the blank at the outlet of the second drying section is 90-130 ℃.
Preferably, the microwave frequency adopted by the first drying section is 2450 +/-50 MHz, and the opening degree of the microwave power is 30-100%;
the temperature difference between the dry ball temperature of the humidifying hot air adopted by the first drying section and the surface temperature of the green body is-5-15 ℃;
the relative humidity of the humidifying hot air adopted by the first drying section is 70-100%, and the wind speed of the humidifying hot air adopted by the first drying section is 0-3 m/s;
the second drying section comprises front section humidifying hot air, middle section humidifying hot air and rear section hot air;
the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature of the front segment humidifying hot air and the surface temperature of the blank body is-10-20 ℃;
the relative humidity of the front-stage humidifying hot air is 70-100%;
the wind speed of the front segment humidifying hot wind is 0-3 m/s;
the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature of the middle-section humidifying hot air and the surface temperature of the blank body is-15-35 ℃;
the relative humidity of the middle-section humidifying hot air is 40-80%;
the wind speed of the middle-section humidifying hot wind is 0.5-5 m/s;
the dry bulb temperature of the rear-section hot air is 90-260 ℃;
the wind speed of the rear section hot wind is 3-8 m/s.
It should be noted that, if only relying on the convection heat transfer of hot air in the drying process, it is difficult to ensure that the inside and the outer surface of the blank are uniformly heated, and the hot air drying easily makes the outer diffusion speed of the blank greater than the inner diffusion speed, i.e. the outer surface and the thin-wall part are dried fast, the inside or the wall thickness part of the blank is dried slowly, and local drying cracks or drying deformation easily occur. The body of the ceramic plate according to the invention is particularly thick and becomes very difficult if dried by means of hot air drying only.
Therefore, the ceramic plate is dried in a two-stage way in the drying process, the first stage of drying adopts a microwave radiation way to heat the inside and the outside of the blank body simultaneously, the blank body is pre-dried and shaped, and the second stage of drying is carried out after the moisture of the blank body is dried to a certain degree when the blank body is heated to 45 ℃ or above; and the second stage of drying utilizes hot air drying with adjustable humidity, adjusts the drying temperature and the ambient humidity, controls the drying speed and gradually removes the residual moisture of the green body. The blank is shaped by microwave drying in a sensitive stage and then dried by hot air, so that the drying effect of high speed and high yield can be achieved with lower drying cost.
In order to better improve the drying efficiency, ensure the drying qualification rate of the green body and prevent the green body from cracking caused by the excessively high drying speed of the green body, the invention strengthens the humidity control of the drying environment of the green body in the drying process, in the first drying section, the main heat source is microwave drying, the auxiliary heat source is humidifying hot air, and the humidifying hot air can make up the deficiency of the low microwave drying temperature on one hand and improve the temperature of the green body on the other hand, and improves the humidity of the drying environment of the green body and inhibits the evaporation speed of the moisture on the surface of the green body, so that the polar water molecules in the green body reduce the humidity difference inside the green body through wet diffusion, the temperature difference inside the green body is reduced through thermal diffusion, the green body is more uniformly shrunk during water drainage, cracks and deformation caused by the excessively high local drying speed due to the thick green body, the complex shape or the uneven arrangement of a microwave magnetron are avoided, and the green body is gradually shrunk and shaped in a controllable state.
The invention introduces high-humidity hot air at the front section of the second drying section, and adopts circulating hot air with humidity at the middle section, so that the temperature of the blank is gradually increased by utilizing the hot air, and the outer diffusion speed of the evaporation of the moisture on the surface of the blank is inhibited by virtue of a high-humidity environment, so that the outer diffusion speed is matched with the inner diffusion speed. The method avoids cracks generated when the green body is dried too fast in the heating process, and simultaneously, the restrained water vapor continues to diffuse inwards, so that the temperature gradient difference and the humidity gradient difference in the green body are reduced, and the environmental humidity and the temperature of hot air are gradually reduced after the overall temperature of the green body reaches a proper temperature in the heating process, so that the green body is gradually drained. And in the rear section of the second drying section, only hot air is used for drying, and the moisture in the blank is gradually removed by hot air with higher temperature until the blank meets the moisture requirement after drying.
In summary, the drying process of the present invention adopts two-stage drying, and adopts microwave drying in the first drying stage, in combination with humidifying hot air. The second drying section adopts hot air drying with adjustable humidity. In the drying stage, the microwave power opening, the hot air dry bulb temperature, the hot air humidity and the hot air speed are monitored and adjusted, the temperature of the surface of the green body and the drying time are monitored, the temperature difference between the surface temperature of the green body and the hot air dry bulb temperature is further maintained, the proper environment humidity is kept, and the drying quality is controlled.
Preferably, the total drying period is 2-10 h, and the strength of the dried blank is 1.5-5.5 MPa.
More preferably, the total drying period is 3.5-7 h, and the strength of the dried blank is 2.5-4.5 Mpa.
And (4) putting the dried blank body into a glaze line, starting glazing and glaze firing.
The dried green body may be subjected to biscuit firing or not before glazing, and the green body after biscuit firing may be subjected to biscuit firing or not, but should be subjected to surface cleaning and then directly glazing.
And the biscuit processing comprises the steps of straightening the long edge and the short edge of the biscuit by using ceramic plate processing equipment, and grinding and polishing the surface of the biscuit to be decorated.
The surface cleaning comprises cleaning the dust and impurities on the surface of the green body by using one or more of a brush, a disc blank wiping machine, a blower, a rolling broom, an air pipe and a feather duster.
Preferably, the ceramic plate is provided with a single-sided decorative layer;
the single-sided decorative layer of the ceramic plate is obtained by glazing and glaze firing the dried blank on one side;
the glazing process comprises the following steps: sequentially applying base coat, pattern decoration and surface layer glaze to any plane of the blank body to obtain a glaze blank;
the glaze firing process comprises: and horizontally placing the glaze blank in a sintering device for sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1060-1250 ℃, and the sintering time is 2-8 h.
More preferably, in the glaze firing process, the water content of the glaze blank entering the kiln is less than or equal to 1.6 percent, the firing temperature is 1150-1220 ℃, and the firing period is 3-6 h.
The ceramic plate with the single-sided decorative layer can be horizontally placed on equipment in the glazing and glaze firing processes, and the requirement on the strength of a blank body is low, so that the blank body with the single-sided glazing can be glazed after surface cleaning without biscuiting.
In addition, the ceramic plate can be provided with a double-sided decorative layer; preferably, the double-sided decorative layer of the ceramic plate is obtained by biscuit firing, double-sided glazing and glaze firing of a dried blank;
the glazing process comprises the following steps: vertically placing the blank body on a glaze line transmission belt, and simultaneously sequentially applying base glaze, pattern decoration and surface layer glaze to the two sides of the blank body to obtain a glaze blank;
the glaze firing process comprises: vertically placing the glaze blank on a roller rod, and firing in a kiln, wherein the firing temperature is 1060-1250 ℃, and the firing time is 2.5-10 h;
or the glaze firing process comprises: and (3) vertically placing the glaze blank on a kiln car or kiln furniture, and firing in a kiln, wherein the firing temperature is 1100-1300 ℃, and the firing time is 6-24 h.
Preferably, in the glaze firing process, the short sides of the glaze blank are erected, one of the two long sides is placed on a roller in the kiln, and the glaze blank is fired in the kiln along with the operation of the roller. Preferably, in the glaze firing process, the water content of the glaze blank entering the kiln is less than or equal to 1.6 percent, the firing temperature is 1150-1220 ℃, and the firing period is 3-8 h.
Or the glaze blank is transported to a kiln car or kiln furniture, the short edge is erected, one of the two long edges is placed on a bearing surface of the kiln car or kiln furniture, and the kiln car or kiln furniture carries the glaze blank to be fired in a kiln. Preferably, in the glaze firing process, the water content of the glaze blank entering the kiln is less than or equal to 1.6 percent, the firing temperature is 1150-1220 ℃, and the firing period is 10-18 h.
The ceramic plate provided with the double-sided decorative layer needs to be erected on transportation equipment in the glazing and glaze firing processes, and the requirement on the strength of the blank body is high. Preferably, in order to better ensure the yield of the glazing and glaze firing links, the blank body subjected to double-sided glazing is subjected to biscuit firing, glazing and glaze firing after being dried.
Preferably, the firing temperature of the biscuit firing kiln is 900-1200 ℃, the firing period is 2-8 h, and the water absorption of the green body is 9.5-20%.
More preferably, the firing temperature of the biscuit firing kiln is 1120-1190 ℃, the firing period is 3-6 h, and the water absorption of the biscuit is 10-13%.
Further, the biscuit after biscuit firing is subjected to biscuit processing and surface cleaning, and then glazing is started.
In addition, when the ceramic plate with double-sided decoration enters a glaze firing kiln to be fired, the front and the back of a glaze blank are both provided with glaze, and the ceramic plate cannot be horizontally placed on a transmission mechanism of the kiln, otherwise, the glaze can stick to the transmission mechanism after being melted at high temperature, and the ceramic plate is directly reported to be destroyed. This patent erects the minor face of glaze base, arranges the bottom in with the long limit that does not have the frit, and the long limit is put on kiln car, kiln furniture or directly put on the roller, burns till in the glaze firing kiln again, and the front and the back of glaze base do not all contact kiln drive mechanism like this, just can not influence the firing of ceramic plate yet. The kiln furniture is matched with the ceramic plate in specification and through hole structure so as to ensure that the ceramic plate keeps a vertical state in the glaze firing process. More importantly, the ceramic plate prepared by the invention has thicker thickness which can reach 40-240 mm, and the larger contact area of the long edge ensures that the ceramic plate can be stably erected on a roller rod, a kiln car or kiln furniture.
After the glazing process is finished and before the glaze blank is subjected to glaze firing, the glaze blank can be subjected to a glaze line dryer, and subjected to a glaze firing process after being appropriately heated and dried. Preferably, the temperature of the glaze line dryer is 60-350 ℃, and the temperature of the blank body at the drying outlet is 40-100 ℃. The dryer comprises a hot air dryer, a combustion tube dryer and a light wave dryer.
The glazing process of the single-sided decorative ceramic plate or the double-sided decorative ceramic plate is similar, and comprises the steps of applying base coat, decorating patterns and applying surface coat glaze,
preferably, the process of applying the base coat comprises:
1.1, spraying water by adopting a water spraying cabinet, wherein the number of the spray guns is 1 or more, the size of the spray gun nozzle is 0.36-0.52 mm, and the water spraying amount is 15-100 g/m 2 。
1.2, applying base coat by adopting a glazing device, wherein the glaze parameters of the base coat are as follows: the fineness of 325 meshes of screen residue is 0-0.5%, the glaze passes through a screen mesh of 80-160 meshes, and the glazing amount is 80-700 g/m 2 。
The glazing equipment is one or a combination of a glaze sprayer, a glaze spraying cabinet, a glaze throwing cabinet, a digital glaze spraying machine and an electrostatic glaze spraying machine, and the glazing equipment can also be used for applying protective glaze and overglaze.
The ground coat is one of white ground coat, half-opalescent ground coat, transparent ground coat and colored ground coat.
The pattern decoration comprises:
2.1, decorating the pattern on the surface of the blank by adopting printing equipment.
The printing equipment is one or a combination of a screen printing machine, a rubber roll printing machine and a digital ink jet printer.
After the pattern decoration, the surface glazing process can be carried out after drying or without drying.
Preferably, after the pattern is decorated, the pattern is heated properly by a glaze line dryer and then enters a surface glazing process. The dryer is one or a combination of a hot air dryer, a combustion tube dryer and a light wave dryer.
More preferably, the temperature of the glaze line dryer is 60-350 ℃, and the temperature of the blank body at the drying outlet is 40-100 ℃.
And after the green body is subjected to pattern decoration, entering a surface glaze applying process, and applying surface glaze to the green body by adopting glazing equipment, wherein the surface glaze is one or a combination of protective glaze, overglaze and dry particles.
Preferably, the glaze fineness of the protective glaze is 325 meshes, the screen residue is 0.05-0.5%, the glaze passes through a 100-200 meshes screen, and the glazing amount is 30-200 g/m 2 。
The fineness of the overglaze is 325 meshes, the screen residue is 0-0.6%, the glaze passes through a screen mesh of 80-160 meshes, and the glazing amount is 100-800 g/m 2 。
The grain diameter of the dry granules is 50-325 meshes, and the dosage of the dry granules is 50-1000 g/m 2 。
The overglaze is one or a combination of transparent glaze, semi-transparent glaze, opaque glaze, matte glaze, calcined glaze, colored glaze, special-luster glaze, wear-resistant glaze, slip-resistant glaze, negative ion glaze, formaldehyde-removing glaze and crystalline glaze.
The dry particle types are one or a combination of transparent dry particles, matte dry particles, opaque dry particles, colored dry particles and flashing dry particles.
The dry particle applying equipment is one or a combination of a glaze spraying cabinet, a glaze spraying device, a screen printing machine and an ink jet machine.
And after glazing and glaze firing are finished, cold machining is carried out by using cold machining equipment so as to facilitate installation and use of users.
The cold processing comprises one or a combination of cutting, polishing, edging, opening a bonding groove, repairing the bonding groove and opening a hole.
Finally, according to the above preparation method, the present invention provides a ceramic plate for interior walls, which has a structure as shown in fig. 1 to 4, and is a wall material having a decorative function, and after the ceramic plate for interior walls is installed, wall building and decoration are simultaneously completed. Such a ceramic panel for interior walls comprises one or more rows of through-holes 11, each row comprising one or more through-holes 11, which extend through the ceramic panel 1 in the longitudinal direction, said ceramic panel 1 being provided with a single-sided decorative layer or with a double-sided decorative layer. The ceramic plate for the inner wall has the thickness of 40-240 mm, the length of 600-3600 mm, the width of 300-1600 mm and the compressive strength of more than 25 MPa. When the thickness is 80 mm-240 mm, it can be used as partition material, and the surface of ceramic plate has vitrified compact ceramic glaze surface, so that it is a high-grade decorative material. The ceramic plate is provided with a through hole penetrating along the length direction, and when the ceramic plate is used as a wall material, the through hole can reduce the dead weight of a building material and increase the heat preservation, heat insulation and sound insulation performance of the ceramic plate. The ceramic plate is fired at high temperature, so that the ceramic plate has the advantages of ceramic quality, fire resistance, water resistance, easiness in cleaning, high surface hardness, wear resistance, acid and alkali resistance, corrosion resistance, no toxicity, no formaldehyde, no deterioration and extremely long service life, the product specification of the ceramic plate can be made into a large plate with the length of 600-3600 mm and the width of 300-1600 mm, various pattern styles such as marble imitation, wood grain imitation, metal glaze surface and 3D imitation can be realized by combining an ink-jet decoration process, and the decorative effect is simple, fashionable and attractive. And the ceramic plate adopts a wet extrusion forming process and is combined with synchronous cutting, the length can be randomly customized according to the requirements of customers, and more personalized choices are provided for users. The ceramic plate for the inner wall can be 3600mm or even 6000mm in length, and a wall top can be built by one plate when a wall is built, so that decoration fragmentation is avoided, and the installation efficiency is improved. In addition, the through holes in the ceramic plates can also be used as arrangement channels for water supply and drainage pipes, heating pipes and electric wires, no grooves are required to be formed in the wall body or the pipes are required to be externally hung, heat and sound insulation is achieved for the water supply and drainage pipes, the appearance is attractive, and labor and materials are saved.
In order to further illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, the following description will be given with reference to the embodiments.
Example 1
Preparation method of ceramic plate with single-side decorative layer for inner wall
1. Blank ingredient
The blank formula comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 41% of kaolin, 12% of ball clay, 6% of magnesia mud, 7% of montmorillonite, 10% of feldspar, 6% of porcelain stone, 5% of diopside, 8% of mullite powder, 5% of sepiolite, 0.6% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 0.18% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
2. Grinding into slurry
(1) Putting kaolin, ball clay, magnesia mud, montmorillonite, feldspar, porcelain stone, diopside, mullite powder and sodium tripolyphosphate into grinding equipment in proportion, grinding and sieving to obtain first slurry;
(2) Adding sepiolite and sodium carboxymethylcellulose into the first slurry in proportion, mixing and sieving to obtain second slurry.
3. Slurry made strip
And the mud is subjected to filter pressing to obtain mud cakes with the water content of 16.8%, the mud cakes are extruded to obtain first mud strips, and the first mud strips are aged for 32 hours and subjected to pugging to obtain second mud strips with the water content of 16.5 +/-0.5%.
4. Shaping of blank
The second mud strip is a mud strip for molding, and the second mud strip is extruded into a blank through a die under the action of a vacuum extruder. The vacuum degree of the vacuum extruder is 0.09Mpa, the extrusion pressure is 2.8Mpa, and the normal temperature of the pug in the extruder is 28 ℃.
5. Cutting of blank
And cutting the green body by the synchronous cutting device, performing secondary cutting by the static cutting device, and drying the green body after the secondary cutting.
6. Drying the blank
The dryer comprises a first drying section and a second drying section.
The technological parameters of the first drying section are as follows:
the frequency of the microwave source is 2450MHz;
the opening degree of the microwave power is 40-80%;
the temperature difference between the temperature of the dry balls of the humidifying hot air and the surface temperature of the blank body is 2-6 ℃;
the relative humidity of the humidifying hot air is 80-90%;
the wind speed of the humidifying hot wind is 1m/s;
the temperature of the blank at the outlet of the first drying section is 55 ℃;
the moisture content of the blank at the outlet of the first drying section is 9.2 percent.
The second drying section comprises front section humidifying hot air, middle section humidifying hot air and rear section hot air;
the front-section humidifying hot air technological parameters are as follows:
the temperature difference between the temperature of the dry balls of the humidifying hot air and the surface temperature of the blank body is 3-8 ℃;
the relative humidity of the humidifying hot air is 75-85%;
the wind speed of the humidifying hot wind is 2m/s;
the middle section humidifying hot air process parameters are as follows:
the temperature difference between the temperature of the dry balls of the humidifying hot air and the surface temperature of the blank body is 5-15 ℃;
the relative humidity of the humidifying hot air is 55-75%;
the wind speed of the humidifying hot wind is 3m/s;
the rear-section humidifying hot air process parameters are as follows:
the dry bulb temperature of the hot air is 160 ℃;
the wind speed of the hot wind is 5m/s;
the moisture content of the green body at the outlet of the second drying section is 0.45 percent;
the temperature of the blank at the outlet of the second drying section was 95 ℃.
7. Single side glazing
The dried green body enters a glaze line after surface cleaning
7.1 applying ground coat
Firstly, a water spraying cabinet is adopted to spray water on one surface of a ceramic plate for an inner wall, the number of spray guns is 2, the size of spray gun nozzles is 0.36mm, and the water spraying amount is 50g/m 2 。
And applying white ground coat by adopting a glaze spraying device, wherein the glaze parameters of the ground coat are as follows: 0.1-0.15% of screen residue with fineness of 325 meshes, and the glaze passes through a 120-mesh sieve with the glazing amount of 325g/m 2 。
7.2, pattern decoration
Printing patterns by adopting a digital ink-jet machine, wherein the temperature of a hot air dryer after ink jet is 100-150 ℃, and the temperature of a blank at a drying outlet is 55-60 ℃.
7.3 applying surface layer glaze
The surface glaze comprises a protective glaze and a surface glaze. The protective glaze is applied by adopting a glaze spraying cabinet, the fineness of the protective glaze material is 325 meshes, the screen residue is 0.1-0.15%, the glaze material passes through a 150-mesh screen, and the glazing amount is 38 g/square meter. 0.1% of ink discharging agent is added into the protective glaze.
Applying overglaze by adopting a glaze spraying device, wherein the overglaze application parameters are as follows: the fineness is 325 meshes of the residual 0.15 to 0.25 percent, the glaze passes through a 120 mesh screen, and the glazing amount is 385g/m 2 . After the surface glaze is applied, the mixture is sent into a glaze line hot air dryer, the drying temperature is 100 ℃, and the temperature of a blank at a drying outlet is 50 ℃.
8. Glaze firing
After glazing, a glaze blank is obtained, the water content of the glaze blank in a kiln is 0.79 percent, the firing temperature of a glaze firing kiln is 1203 ℃, and the firing time is 4.2h.
9. Cold working
And cutting, polishing, edging and opening a bonding groove on the decorative surface and the strip surface of the green brick by cold processing equipment.
10. Detecting, grading and packaging
Example 2
Preparation method of ceramic plate with single-side decorative layer for inner wall
1. Blank ingredient
The blank formula comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 43% of kaolin, 15% of black mud, 4% of magnesia mud, 6% of montmorillonite, 15% of feldspar, 9% of porcelain stone, 4% of mullite powder, 4% of wollastonite, 0.55% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 0.14% of gum arabic.
2. Grinding into slurry
(1) Putting kaolin, black mud, magnesia mud, montmorillonite, feldspar, porcelain stone, mullite powder and sodium tripolyphosphate into grinding equipment in proportion, grinding and sieving to obtain first slurry;
(2) And adding wollastonite and gum arabic into the first slurry in proportion, mixing and sieving to obtain a second slurry.
3. Slurry made strip
The mud is subjected to filter pressing to form mud cakes with the water content of 16%, the mud cakes are extruded to obtain first mud strips, and the first mud strips are aged for 24 hours and subjected to pugging treatment to obtain second mud strips with the water content of 16 +/-0.5%.
4. Shaping of blank
The second mud strip is a mud strip for molding, and the second mud strip is extruded into a blank through a die under the action of a vacuum extruder. The vacuum degree of the vacuum extruder is 0.095Mpa, the extrusion pressure is 3Mpa, and the normal temperature of the pug in the extruder is 30 ℃.
5. Cutting of blank
And cutting the green body by the synchronous cutting device, performing secondary cutting by the static cutting device, and drying the green body after the secondary cutting.
6. Drying the blank
The drying device comprises a first drying section and a second drying section.
The technological parameters of the first drying section are as follows:
the frequency of the microwave source is 2450MHz;
the opening degree of the microwave power is 35-80%;
the temperature difference between the temperature of the dry balls of the humidifying hot air and the surface temperature of the blank body is between-2 and 6 ℃;
the relative humidity of the humidifying hot air is 80-90%;
the wind speed of the humidifying hot wind is 1m/s;
the temperature of the blank at the outlet of the first drying section is 53 ℃;
the moisture content of the green body at the outlet of the first drying section was 9.8%.
The second drying section comprises front section humidifying hot air, middle section humidifying hot air and rear section hot air;
the front segment humidifying hot air technological parameters are as follows:
the temperature difference between the temperature of the dry balls of the humidifying hot air and the surface temperature of the blank body is 3-9 ℃;
the relative humidity of the humidifying hot air is 73-82%;
the wind speed of the humidifying hot wind is 2m/s;
the middle section humidifying hot air process parameters are as follows:
the temperature difference between the temperature of the dry balls of the humidifying hot air and the surface temperature of the blank body is 5-15 ℃;
the relative humidity of the humidifying hot air is 55-75%;
the wind speed of the humidifying hot wind is 3m/s;
the rear-section humidifying hot air process parameters are as follows:
the dry bulb temperature of the hot air is 173 ℃;
the wind speed of the hot wind is 3m/s;
the green body moisture at the outlet of the second drying section is 0.53 percent;
the temperature of the blank at the outlet of the second drying section is 100 ℃.
7. Single side glazing
The glazing process was the same as in example 1.
8. Glaze firing
The water content of the glaze blank in the kiln is 0.83 percent, the firing temperature of the glaze firing kiln is 1205 ℃, and the firing time is 4.2 hours.
9. Cold working
And cutting, polishing, edging and opening a bonding groove on the decorative surface and the strip surface of the green brick by cold processing equipment.
10. Detecting, grading and packaging
Example 3
Preparation method of ceramic plate with double-sided decorative layers for inner wall
Blank ingredient
The blank formula comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 18% of purple sand mud, 19% of black mud, 8% of shale, 9% of kaolin, 6% of montmorillonite, 13% of feldspar, 13% of porcelain sand, 5% of fly ash, 5% of mullite powder, 4% of sepiolite, 0.6% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 0.2% of sodium carboxymethylcellulose.
2. Grinding into slurry
(1) Putting the purple sand mud, the black mud, the shale, the kaolin, the montmorillonite, the feldspar, the porcelain sand, the fly ash, the mullite powder and the sodium tripolyphosphate into grinding equipment in proportion, and grinding and sieving to obtain first slurry;
(2) Adding sepiolite and sodium carboxymethylcellulose into the first slurry in proportion, mixing and sieving to obtain second slurry.
3. Slurry made strip
And the mud is subjected to filter pressing to obtain mud cakes with the water content of 16.5%, the mud cakes are extruded to obtain first mud strips, and the first mud strips are aged for 24 hours and subjected to pugging to obtain second mud strips with the water content of 16.5 +/-0.5%.
4. Shaping of blank
The second clay strip is a molding clay strip, and the second clay strip is extruded into a blank through a die under the action of a vacuum extruder. The vacuum degree of the vacuum extruder is 0.09Mpa, the extrusion pressure is 2.8Mpa, and the normal temperature of the pug in the extruder is 28 ℃.
5. Cutting of blank
And cutting the green body by the synchronous cutting device, performing secondary cutting by the static cutting device, and drying the green body after the secondary cutting.
6. Drying the blank
The drying device comprises a first drying section and a second drying section.
The technological parameters of the first drying section are as follows:
the frequency of the microwave source is 2450MHz;
the opening degree of the microwave power is 40-80%;
the temperature difference between the temperature of the dry balls of the humidifying hot air and the surface temperature of the blank body is 2-5 ℃;
the relative humidity of the humidifying hot air is 80-95%;
the wind speed of the humidifying hot wind is 1m/s;
the temperature of the blank body at the outlet of the first drying section is 56 ℃;
the moisture content of the blank at the outlet of the first drying section is 9.5 percent.
The second drying section comprises front section humidifying hot air, middle section humidifying hot air and rear section hot air;
the front-section humidifying hot air technological parameters are as follows:
the temperature difference between the temperature of the dry balls of the humidifying hot air and the surface temperature of the green body is between-3 and 8 ℃;
the relative humidity of the humidifying hot air is 75-83%;
the wind speed of the humidifying hot wind is 2m/s;
the middle section humidifying hot air process parameters are as follows:
the temperature difference between the temperature of the dry balls of the humidifying hot air and the surface temperature of the green body is 3-18 ℃;
the relative humidity of the humidifying hot air is 55-75%;
the wind speed of the humidifying hot wind is 3m/s;
the rear-section humidifying hot air process parameters are as follows:
the dry bulb temperature of the hot air is 190 ℃;
the wind speed of the hot wind is 8m/s;
the moisture content of the blank at the outlet of the second drying section is 0.7 percent;
the temperature of the green body at the outlet of the second drying section is 110 ℃.
7. Biscuit firing
The green body enters a biscuit firing kiln to be fired, the firing temperature is 1139 ℃, the firing period is 4.3h, and the water absorption of the green body is 10.2-11.6%. And (5) carrying out biscuit processing on the biscuit after biscuit firing.
8. Double-sided glazing
And cleaning the surface of the blank after biscuit processing, and then entering a glaze line.
8.1 double-sided base coat
Firstly, a water spraying cabinet is adopted to spray water on two sides of a ceramic plate for an inner wall, the number of spray guns is 2, the size of spray gun nozzles is 0.36mm, and the water spraying amount is 50g/m 2 。
And applying white ground coat by adopting a glaze spraying device, wherein the glaze parameters of the ground coat are as follows: 0.1-0.15% of screen residue with fineness of 325 meshes, and the glaze passes through a 120-mesh sieve with the glazing amount of 325g/m 2 。
8.2 double-sided Pattern decoration
Printing a pattern on the surface of the blank by adopting a digital ink jet printer, wherein the temperature of a hot air dryer after ink jet is 100-150 ℃, and the temperature of the dried outlet blank is 55-60 ℃.
8.3 double-sided application of surface glaze
The surface glaze comprises a protective glaze and a surface glaze. The protective glaze is applied by adopting a glaze spraying cabinet, the fineness of the protective glaze is 325 meshes, the screen residue is 0.1-0.15%, the glaze passes through a 150-mesh screen, and the glazing quantity is 38 g/square meter. 0.1% of ink discharging agent is added into the protective glaze.
Applying overglaze by adopting a glaze spraying device, wherein the overglaze application parameters are as follows: the fineness is 325 meshes of the residual 0.15 to 0.25 percent, the glaze passes through a 120 mesh screen, and the glazing amount is 385g/m 2 . After the surface glaze is applied, the mixture is sent into a glaze line hot air dryer,the drying temperature is 100 ℃, and the temperature of the blank at the drying outlet is 50 ℃.
9. Glaze firing
The short edge of the glaze blank is vertically placed on kiln furniture by adopting a vertical burning method. The water content of the glaze blank in the kiln is 0.33 percent, the firing temperature of the glaze firing kiln is 1192 ℃, and the firing time is 16 hours.
10. Cold working
And cutting, polishing, edging and opening a bonding groove on the decorative surface and the strip surface of the green brick by cold processing equipment.
11. Detecting, grading and packaging
Example 4
Preparation method of ceramic plate with double-sided decorative layers for inner wall
1. Blank ingredient
The blank formula comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 25% of purple sand mud, 12% of black mud, 9% of shale, 12% of kaolin, 6% of montmorillonite, 14% of feldspar, 11% of porcelain sand, 7% of mullite powder, 4% of wollastonite, 0.6% of sodium tripolyphosphate and 0.13% of gum arabic.
2. Grinding into slurry
(1) Putting the purple sand mud, the black mud, the shale, the kaolin, the montmorillonite, the feldspar, the porcelain sand, the mullite powder and the sodium tripolyphosphate into grinding equipment in proportion, and grinding and sieving to obtain first slurry;
(2) And adding wollastonite and gum arabic into the first slurry in proportion, mixing and sieving to obtain a second slurry.
3 to 12 steps are the same as in example 3.
The ceramic plates for interior walls obtained in examples 1 to 4 were subjected to performance tests, and the test results are shown in table 1, and it can be seen from the data in table 1 that the ceramic plates for interior walls prepared according to the present invention have low water absorption, high compressive strength, and high porosity, and are a material integrating the building and decoration functions.
Table 1 shows the results of testing the ceramic plates for interior walls obtained in examples 1 to 4
| Molding void fraction (%) | Water absorption (%) | Compressive strength (MPa) | |
| Example 1 | 29.35 | 0.65 | 39.15 |
| Example 2 | 29.35 | 1.52 | 34.28 |
| Example 3 | 29.35 | 1.35 | 37.62 |
| Example 4 | 29.35 | 1.95 | 32.09 |
While the invention has been described in connection with what is presently considered to be the most practical and preferred embodiment, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the disclosed embodiment, but on the contrary, is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method for preparing a ceramic plate for an inner wall, comprising the steps of:
mixing the blank raw materials according to a ratio, adding water, and grinding to obtain slurry;
filter-pressing the slurry to obtain mud cakes, extruding the mud cakes to obtain first mud strips, and ageing and pugging the first mud strips to obtain second mud strips;
extruding the second mud strip into a green body, wherein the green body is provided with a through hole which penetrates through the green body along the length direction;
cutting, drying, glazing, glaze firing and cold processing the blank to obtain a finished product;
the blank body comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: clay raw material 40-85%, flux raw material 12-40%, ridge raw material 0-30%, coarse grain material 0-35%, reinforcing agent 0-15%, toughening agent 0-10%, coloring material 0-10%;
the slurry comprises: the addition amount of the adhesive is 0-7.0% of the addition amount of the blank raw material, and the addition amount of the debonder is 0.1-2.0% of the addition amount of the blank raw material.
2. The method for preparing a ceramic plate for an inner wall according to claim 1, wherein the blank raw materials are mixed according to a ratio and ground by adding water to obtain slurry, comprising the following steps:
(1) Putting the clay raw material, the flux raw material, the reinforcing agent, the pigment and the degumming agent into grinding equipment in proportion, grinding and sieving to obtain first slurry;
(2) And adding the toughening agent and the binder into the first slurry in proportion, mixing and sieving to obtain second slurry.
3. The method for preparing a ceramic plate for an inner wall according to claim 1, wherein the blank raw materials are mixed according to a ratio and ground by adding water to obtain slurry, comprising the following steps:
(1) Putting the clay raw material, the flux raw material, the ridge raw material, the reinforcing agent, the pigment and the degumming agent into grinding equipment in proportion, and grinding and sieving to obtain first slurry;
(2) And adding the toughening agent, the coarse particles and the binder into the first slurry in proportion, mixing and sieving to obtain second slurry.
4. A method for preparing a ceramic board for an inner wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first mud strip is sealed and aged for 12-96 hours, and then is pugging treated to obtain a second mud strip with a water content of 13-21%;
the second mud strip is made into a green body under the action of extrusion equipment;
the vacuum degree of the extrusion equipment is 0.08-0.095 Mpa, the extrusion pressure of the extrusion equipment is 2.0-5.0 Mpa, and the mud temperature in the extrusion equipment is 15-60 ℃.
5. A method of manufacturing a ceramic board for an inner wall according to claim 1, wherein the drying of the green body includes a first drying section and a second drying section;
the first drying section adopts a drying mode of combining microwave and humidifying hot air;
the temperature of the blank at the outlet of the first drying section is 45-70 ℃;
the moisture of the blank at the outlet of the first drying section is 8-18%;
the second drying section adopts a multi-section hot air drying mode with different humidity;
the moisture of the blank at the outlet of the second drying section is 0.2-1.5%;
the temperature of the blank at the outlet of the second drying section is 90-130 ℃.
6. A method for preparing a ceramic board for an inner wall according to claim 5, wherein the microwave frequency adopted by the first drying section is 2450 ± 50MHz, and the microwave power opening degree is 30-100%;
the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature of the humidifying hot air adopted by the first drying section and the surface temperature of the green body is-5-15 ℃;
the relative humidity of the humidifying hot air adopted by the first drying section is 70-100%;
the wind speed of the humidifying hot wind adopted by the first drying section is 0-3 m/s;
the second drying section comprises front section humidifying hot air, middle section humidifying hot air and rear section hot air;
the temperature difference between the dry bulb temperature of the front segment humidifying hot air and the surface temperature of the blank body is-10-20 ℃;
the relative humidity of the front-stage humidifying hot air is 70-100%;
the wind speed of the front segment humidifying hot wind is 0-3 m/s;
the temperature difference between the dry ball temperature of the middle-section humidifying hot air and the surface temperature of the green body is-15-35 ℃;
the relative humidity of the middle-section humidifying hot air is 40-80%;
the wind speed of the middle-section humidifying hot wind is 0.5-5 m/s;
the dry bulb temperature of the rear-section hot air is 90-260 ℃;
the wind speed of the rear section hot wind is 3-8 m/s.
7. A method of manufacturing a ceramic board for an inner wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ceramic board is provided with a single-sided decoration layer;
the single-sided decorative layer of the ceramic plate is obtained by glazing and glaze firing the dried blank on one side;
the glazing process comprises the following steps: sequentially applying base coat, pattern decoration and surface layer glaze to any plane of the blank body to obtain a glaze blank;
the glaze firing process comprises: and horizontally placing the glaze blank in a sintering device for sintering, wherein the sintering temperature is 1060-1250 ℃, and the sintering time is 2-8 h.
8. A method of manufacturing a ceramic board for an inner wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ceramic board is provided with a double-sided decoration layer;
the double-sided decorative layer of the ceramic plate is obtained by biscuit firing, double-sided glazing and glaze firing of a dried blank;
the glazing process comprises the following steps: vertically placing the blank body on a glaze line transmission belt, and simultaneously sequentially applying base glaze, pattern decoration and surface layer glaze to the two sides of the blank body to obtain a glaze blank;
the glaze firing process comprises: vertically placing the glaze blank on a roller rod, and firing in a kiln, wherein the firing temperature is 1060-1250 ℃, and the firing time is 2.5-10 h;
or, the glaze firing process comprises: and (3) vertically placing the glaze blank on a kiln car or kiln furniture, and firing in a kiln, wherein the firing temperature is 1100-1300 ℃, and the firing time is 6-24 h.
9. The method for preparing a ceramic board for an interior wall according to claim 1, wherein the clay-based raw material includes one or more of black mud, mauve wood, white mud, plaster, red mud, kaolin, ball clay, magnesium mud, montmorillonite, illite, shale, and red porcelain mud;
the flux raw materials comprise one or more of feldspar, porcelain stone, porcelain sand, diopside, talc, limestone, dolomite, calcite, barium carbonate, waste glass, recycled glaze, bone ash, calcium phosphate, borocalcite, ceramic waste, marble waste and granite waste;
the ridged raw material comprises one or more of kaolinite, dickite, sillimanite, quartz sand, pyrophyllite, coal gangue, bauxite, blast furnace slag and fly ash;
the coarse particle material comprises one or more of waste ceramic grains, feldspar coarse particles, porcelain stone coarse particles and feldspar-containing tailings;
the reinforcing agent comprises one or more of zirconia powder, zirconium silicate, mullite powder, alumina powder and aluminum fluoride powder;
the toughening agent comprises one or more of sepiolite, wollastonite, brucite and chopped glass fiber;
the debonder comprises one or more of sodium tripolyphosphate, water glass, sodium hexametaphosphate, sodium pyrophosphate, sodium humate, sodium carbonate, sodium salt of beta-naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde condensate, polyacrylamide and polycarboxylate substances of sodium polyacrylate;
the binder comprises one or more of polyvinyl alcohol, modified starch ether, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium lignosulfonate, modified lignin, modified polysaccharide, gum arabic, carboxyl cellulose and acrylate copolymer.
10. A ceramic board manufactured by the method for manufacturing a ceramic board for an inner wall as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the ceramic board is provided with through holes penetrating the ceramic board in a length direction, and the ceramic board is provided with a single-sided decorative layer or a double-sided decorative layer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111374612.3A CN115521133A (en) | 2021-11-19 | 2021-11-19 | Ceramic plate for inner wall and preparation method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111374612.3A CN115521133A (en) | 2021-11-19 | 2021-11-19 | Ceramic plate for inner wall and preparation method thereof |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115521133A true CN115521133A (en) | 2022-12-27 |
Family
ID=84694393
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111374612.3A Pending CN115521133A (en) | 2021-11-19 | 2021-11-19 | Ceramic plate for inner wall and preparation method thereof |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115521133A (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101786855A (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2010-07-28 | 西安市宏峰实业有限公司 | Desert sand sintered decorative brick and manufacture method thereof |
| CN103833326A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-06-04 | 辰溪县华鑫陶瓷厂 | Ceramic formula and preparation method for ceramic product |
| CN109291549A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-02-01 | 广西旭腾实业集团有限公司 | A kind of foamed ceramic decorative integrated board of high-strength light high-ductility and preparation method thereof |
| CN110372395A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-10-25 | 淄博金卡陶瓷有限公司 | Exterior wall high-strength light ceramic thermal insulation decorative integrated plate |
| CN110606764A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-24 | 恩平市华昌陶瓷有限公司 | Ceramic glazed decorative wall brick and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN111470856A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-07-31 | 江西和美陶瓷有限公司 | Thin ceramic rock plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN111704450A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-09-25 | 福建德胜新建材有限公司 | Preparation method of ceramic rock plate and ceramic rock plate |
| CN113402258A (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2021-09-17 | 况学成 | Building ceramic plate/brick and preparation method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-11-19 CN CN202111374612.3A patent/CN115521133A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101786855A (en) * | 2009-12-28 | 2010-07-28 | 西安市宏峰实业有限公司 | Desert sand sintered decorative brick and manufacture method thereof |
| CN103833326A (en) * | 2014-01-02 | 2014-06-04 | 辰溪县华鑫陶瓷厂 | Ceramic formula and preparation method for ceramic product |
| CN109291549A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2019-02-01 | 广西旭腾实业集团有限公司 | A kind of foamed ceramic decorative integrated board of high-strength light high-ductility and preparation method thereof |
| CN110372395A (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2019-10-25 | 淄博金卡陶瓷有限公司 | Exterior wall high-strength light ceramic thermal insulation decorative integrated plate |
| CN110606764A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2019-12-24 | 恩平市华昌陶瓷有限公司 | Ceramic glazed decorative wall brick and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN111470856A (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2020-07-31 | 江西和美陶瓷有限公司 | Thin ceramic rock plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN111704450A (en) * | 2020-05-22 | 2020-09-25 | 福建德胜新建材有限公司 | Preparation method of ceramic rock plate and ceramic rock plate |
| CN113402258A (en) * | 2021-02-10 | 2021-09-17 | 况学成 | Building ceramic plate/brick and preparation method thereof |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN104005528B (en) | Compound type light heat-preservation decorative ceramic external wall tile and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN106587928B (en) | The production technology of sintering wall brick of the surface with glaze or building block is made using building waste | |
| CN103993718B (en) | A kind of devitrified glass facing light ceramics composite brick and preparation method thereof | |
| CN102417343B (en) | Production method of sandstone-like porcelain exterior wall tile | |
| CN102311274B (en) | Light heat-insulating honeycomb ceramic and preparation method thereof | |
| CN106116688A (en) | A kind of manufacture method of the pottery with multiple structure | |
| CN201011074Y (en) | Ceramic tile with heat insulation and heat preservation function | |
| CN108975874A (en) | A kind of composite function ceramics brick and preparation method thereof with decorative effect | |
| CN112979298A (en) | Spread and pasted ceramic tile green body easy to bond, ceramic tile comprising green body and preparation method | |
| CN101003433A (en) | Ceramic bricks possessing function of heat insulation and preservation, and preparation method | |
| CN109608180A (en) | A kind of decorative wall panels and its once-firing methods and applications | |
| CN201297005Y (en) | Composite foam ceramic decorative board | |
| CN111039699B (en) | Ultra-large-specification thin porcelain plate with negative ion function and production method thereof | |
| CN115521133A (en) | Ceramic plate for inner wall and preparation method thereof | |
| CN114477982B (en) | Preparation method of ceramic tile back texture | |
| CN106699235B (en) | A kind of ceramic art thin plate method for making picture of sustainable release anion | |
| CN111004038B (en) | Super-large-specification thin porcelain plate with electrothermal function and production method thereof | |
| CN111004039B (en) | Ultra-large thin porcelain plate with electric heating function and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN111018543B (en) | Once-fired ultra-large specification thin porcelain plate and production method thereof | |
| CN209923214U (en) | Heat-preservation and heat-insulation integrated ceramic tile | |
| CN204001564U (en) | A kind of devitrified glass composite pottery plate | |
| CN103161278A (en) | Microcrystal foamed ceramic composite brick | |
| Ribeiro et al. | Traditional ceramics manufacturing | |
| KR100774807B1 (en) | Tile using a clay for a speck and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN110450272B (en) | Method for processing surface patterns of multifunctional building energy-saving flexible interior decoration material |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |