CN115519869A - Photovoltaic back plate, photovoltaic module and preparation method of photovoltaic back plate - Google Patents

Photovoltaic back plate, photovoltaic module and preparation method of photovoltaic back plate Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115519869A
CN115519869A CN202211066718.1A CN202211066718A CN115519869A CN 115519869 A CN115519869 A CN 115519869A CN 202211066718 A CN202211066718 A CN 202211066718A CN 115519869 A CN115519869 A CN 115519869A
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China
Prior art keywords
functional layer
photovoltaic
layer
thermoplastic material
parts
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CN202211066718.1A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
张振华
陶海全
方振雷
吴旭东
王瑾
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Jinmao Green Building Technology Co Ltd
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Jinmao Green Building Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202211066718.1A priority Critical patent/CN115519869A/en
Publication of CN115519869A publication Critical patent/CN115519869A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/32—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyolefins
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/03—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the shape of the extruded material at extrusion
    • B29C48/07—Flat, e.g. panels
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/16—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers
    • B29C48/18—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers
    • B29C48/21—Articles comprising two or more components, e.g. co-extruded layers the components being layers the layers being joined at their surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
    • B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/12—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/18—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives
    • B32B27/20—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin characterised by the use of special additives using fillers, pigments, thixotroping agents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
    • B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B32B27/308—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising acrylic (co)polymers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B3/00—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form
    • B32B3/02—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions
    • B32B3/08—Layered products comprising a layer with external or internal discontinuities or unevennesses, or a layer of non-planar shape; Layered products comprising a layer having particular features of form characterised by features of form at particular places, e.g. in edge regions characterised by added members at particular parts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
    • B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/049—Protective back sheets
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/12—Photovoltaic modules
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
  • Laminated Bodies (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a photovoltaic back plate, a photovoltaic module and a preparation method of the photovoltaic back plate, and relates to the technical field of photovoltaic equipment. The photovoltaic back plate adopts a melting co-extrusion mode to form an integrated structure with the inner functional layer, the support body layer and the outer functional layer, so that the layering of the photovoltaic back plate can be avoided, and the service life of the photovoltaic back plate is ensured. In addition, the support layer is formed by the reinforcing fibers and the thermosetting powder coating or the first thermoplastic material according to a certain weight part ratio, so that the impact resistance and the flame retardant property of the photovoltaic back panel can be effectively improved, and the application range of the photovoltaic back panel is expanded.

Description

Photovoltaic back plate, photovoltaic module and preparation method of photovoltaic back plate
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic equipment, in particular to a photovoltaic back plate, a photovoltaic module and a preparation method of the photovoltaic back plate.
Background
The back plate of the existing photovoltaic module generally adopts a structural mode that polyethylene glycol terephthalate is used as a supporting body material, and a weather-resistant layer and an adhesive layer are coated or compounded on the surface of the supporting body material.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, in order to provide a photovoltaic backsheet, a photovoltaic module and a method of manufacturing a photovoltaic backsheet that overcome or at least partially solve the above problems.
According to a first aspect of the invention, the invention provides a photovoltaic back sheet, which sequentially comprises an inner functional layer, a support layer and an outer functional layer from inside to outside, wherein the inner functional layer, the support layer and the outer functional layer are prepared by adopting a melt co-extrusion process;
the support layer is made of reinforcing fibers and thermosetting powder coating, wherein the weight part ratio of the reinforcing fibers is 10-50 parts, the weight part ratio of the thermosetting powder coating is 10-50 parts, and the thermosetting powder coating comprises thermosetting resin and a curing agent for crosslinking and curing the thermosetting resin; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the inner functional layer and the outer functional layer are both made of a second thermoplastic material.
Optionally, the reinforcing fibers include at least one of: glass fiber, carbon fiber and aramid fiber, wherein the gram weight of the reinforcing fiber ranges from 30 to 500g per square meter.
Optionally, the structure of the reinforcing fiber is one of the following: fiber cloth, chopped fibers, and milled fibers.
Optionally, the thermosetting resin includes at least one of: acrylic resins, polyester resins, polyurethane resins, epoxy resins, and fluorocarbon resins.
Optionally, the second thermoplastic material comprises at least one of: polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyolefin, ethylene vinyl acetate, and fluorine-containing resin.
According to a second aspect of the invention, the invention provides another photovoltaic back sheet, which sequentially comprises an inner functional layer, a support layer and an outer functional layer from inside to outside, wherein the inner functional layer, the support layer and the outer functional layer are prepared by adopting a melt co-extrusion process;
the support body layer is made of reinforcing fibers and a first thermoplastic material, wherein the weight part of the reinforcing fibers is 10-40 parts, and the weight part of the first thermoplastic material is 10-40 parts; and the number of the first and second electrodes,
the inner functional layer and the outer functional layer are both made of the second thermoplastic material.
Optionally, the first thermoplastic material comprises at least one of: polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyolefin, ethylene vinyl acetate, and fluorine-containing resin.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module includes the photovoltaic back sheet as described in any one of the above, and the photovoltaic module further includes a front sheet layer, a front sheet adhesive film layer, a cell sheet, and a back sheet adhesive film layer, which are sequentially stacked, wherein the photovoltaic back sheet is disposed on an end surface of the back sheet adhesive film layer away from the cell sheet.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method of preparing a photovoltaic backsheet, the method comprising:
mixing thermosetting powder coating and reinforcing fibers to form a pre-cured material, and drawing the pre-cured material into multilayer co-extrusion equipment, wherein the reinforcing fibers are 10-50 parts by weight, the thermosetting powder coating is 10-50 parts by weight, and the thermosetting powder coating comprises thermosetting resin and a curing agent for crosslinking and curing the thermosetting resin;
injecting a second thermoplastic material into the multilayer co-extrusion equipment, and starting the multilayer co-extrusion equipment to perform melt co-extrusion to obtain the photovoltaic back plate, wherein the photovoltaic back plate sequentially comprises an inner functional layer, a support layer and an outer functional layer from inside to outside, the support layer is made of the pre-cured material, and the inner functional layer and the outer functional layer are both made of the second thermoplastic material.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided another method of preparing a photovoltaic backsheet, the method comprising:
mixing a first thermoplastic material and reinforcing fibers to form a support material, and adding the support material into multilayer co-extrusion equipment, wherein the weight part ratio of the reinforcing fibers ranges from 10 to 40 parts, and the weight part ratio of the first thermoplastic material ranges from 10 to 40 parts;
injecting a second thermoplastic material into the multilayer co-extrusion equipment, and starting the multilayer co-extrusion equipment to perform melt co-extrusion to obtain the photovoltaic back plate, wherein the photovoltaic back plate sequentially comprises an inner functional layer, a support layer and an outer functional layer from inside to outside, the support layer is made of the support material, and the inner functional layer and the outer functional layer are both made of the second thermoplastic material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention adopts a melt co-extrusion mode to form the inner functional layer, the support body layer and the outer functional layer into an integrated structure, thereby avoiding the layering of the photovoltaic backboard and ensuring the service life of the photovoltaic backboard. In addition, the support layer is formed by the reinforcing fibers and the thermosetting powder coating or the first thermoplastic material according to a certain weight part ratio, so that the impact resistance and the flame retardant property of the photovoltaic back panel can be effectively improved, and the application range of the photovoltaic back panel is expanded.
The foregoing description is only an overview of the technical solutions of the present invention, and the embodiments of the present invention are described below in order to make the technical means of the present invention more clearly understood and to make the above and other objects, features, and advantages of the present invention more clearly understandable.
Drawings
Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the following detailed description of the preferred embodiments. The drawings are only for purposes of illustrating the preferred embodiments and are not to be construed as limiting the invention. Also, like reference numerals are used to refer to like parts throughout the drawings.
In the drawings:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a photovoltaic back sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another photovoltaic backsheet provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of another photovoltaic backsheet provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
reference numerals: 1. a photovoltaic backsheet; 101. an inner functional layer; 101a, a third sub-functional layer; 101b, a fourth sub-functional layer; 102. a support layer; 103. an outer functional layer; 103a, a first sub-functional layer; 103b, a second sub-functional layer; 2. a back sheet adhesive film layer; 3. a battery piece; 4. a front panel glue film layer; 5. a front plate layer.
Detailed Description
Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the invention can be embodied in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a photovoltaic module, which includes a photovoltaic back sheet 1 according to any one of the following embodiments of the present invention, and further includes a front sheet layer 5, a front sheet adhesive film layer 4, a cell sheet 3, and a back sheet adhesive film layer 2, which are sequentially stacked, where the photovoltaic back sheet 1 is disposed on an end surface of the back sheet adhesive film layer 2 away from the cell sheet 3.
The preparation method of the photovoltaic module comprises the following steps:
step a1, sequentially laminating and laying a front plate layer 5, a front plate adhesive film layer 4, a battery piece 3, a back plate adhesive film layer 2 and a photovoltaic back plate 1, and then placing the laminated and laid layers in laminating equipment.
And a2, heating and pressurizing the laminated laying member by laminating equipment to obtain a laminated member, namely the photovoltaic module. Wherein the heating and pressurizing step comprises a first heating stage and a second cooling stage, the heating temperature range of the first stage is 110-150 ℃, and the heating time range is 100-1200 seconds; the cooling temperature range of the second stage is 20-60 deg.C, and the applied pressure range is 0.03-0.15MPa.
Referring to fig. 2, an embodiment of the present invention further provides a photovoltaic back sheet 1, where the photovoltaic back sheet sequentially includes an inner functional layer 101, a support layer 102, and an outer functional layer 103 from inside to outside, and the inner functional layer 101, the support layer 102, and the outer functional layer 103 are prepared by a melt co-extrusion process. The melt co-extrusion process refers to a preparation method of co-extruding a multi-layer material for one-step molding. The photovoltaic back plate 1 manufactured by the melt co-extrusion process has high structural compactness, can avoid the layering of the photovoltaic back plate 1, and ensures the service life of the photovoltaic back plate 1. Wherein, the inner functional layer 101 is contacted with the back panel adhesive film layer 2 of the photovoltaic module and forms bonding in the laminating process, and the outer functional layer 103 is contacted with air.
The support layer 102 is made of reinforcing fibers and thermosetting powder coating, wherein the weight part of the reinforcing fibers is 10-50 parts, and the weight part of the thermosetting powder coating is 10-50 parts. For example, the thermosetting powder coating may be 50 parts when the reinforcing fiber is 10 parts by weight; or when the reinforcing fiber is 50 parts, the thermosetting powder coating is 10 parts. Or, when the reinforcing fiber is 10 parts, the thermosetting powder coating is 10 parts. Further alternatively, when the reinforcing fiber is 10 parts, the thermosetting powder coating material may be 30 parts or the like. The parts by weight of the reinforcing fiber and the thermosetting powder coating can be selected by those skilled in the art from the above ranges of parts by weight according to practical needs, and are not limited herein.
The reinforcing fiber can increase the impact resistance of the photovoltaic back plate 1, the thermosetting powder coating can soften and flow after being heated for the first time, and is heated to a certain temperature to be crosslinked and cured to be hardened, and the thermosetting powder coating can be carbonized and not melted when meeting fire, so that the flame retardant property of the photovoltaic back plate 1 can be improved. Therefore, the support layer 102 is formed by the reinforcing fibers and the thermosetting powder coating or the first thermoplastic material according to a certain weight ratio, so that the impact resistance and the flame retardant property of the photovoltaic back sheet 1 can be effectively improved, the application range of the photovoltaic back sheet 1 is expanded, and the photovoltaic back sheet is particularly suitable for packaging light flexible photovoltaic modules. Wherein, the thermosetting powder coating can comprise a thermosetting resin and a curing agent for crosslinking and curing the thermosetting resin when calculated according to parts by weight. For example, blocked isocyanates and the like can be used as the curing agent. Moreover, the inner functional layer 101 and the outer functional layer 103 are both made of a second thermoplastic material, wherein the outer functional layer 103 made of the second thermoplastic material has better weather resistance, and the product performance of the photovoltaic back sheet 1 can be optimized.
In summary, the support layer 102 is formed by the reinforcing fibers and the thermosetting powder coating according to a certain weight ratio, so that the impact resistance and the flame retardant property of the photovoltaic back panel 1 can be effectively improved, the application range of the photovoltaic back panel 1 is expanded, and the photovoltaic back panel is particularly suitable for packaging light flexible photovoltaic modules.
The embodiment of the invention also discloses a preparation method of the photovoltaic back panel, when the support layer 102 comprises the thermosetting powder coating, the preparation method of the photovoltaic back panel 1 can comprise the following steps:
step b1, mixing the thermosetting powder coating and the reinforced fibers to form a pre-cured material, and drawing the pre-cured material into multilayer co-extrusion equipment.
And b2, injecting a second thermoplastic material into the multilayer co-extrusion equipment, and starting the multilayer co-extrusion equipment for melt co-extrusion to obtain the photovoltaic back plate.
In the embodiment of the invention, thermosetting powder coating and reinforcing fiber can be prepared into a pre-cured material by using a dusting compounding device. Wherein the weight portion of the reinforcing fiber is 10-50 parts, the weight portion of the thermosetting powder coating is 10-50 parts, and the thermosetting powder coating comprises thermosetting resin and a curing agent for crosslinking and curing the thermosetting resin. After the preparation of the pre-cured material is completed, the pre-cured material is drawn into a multi-layer co-extrusion device. And injecting a second thermoplastic material into the multilayer coextrusion apparatus. And starting the multilayer co-extrusion equipment to perform material melting co-extrusion, and finally forming the photovoltaic back plate 1. The photovoltaic back sheet sequentially comprises an inner functional layer 101, a support layer 102 and an outer functional layer 103 from inside to outside, wherein the support layer 102 is made of the pre-cured material, and the inner functional layer 101 and the outer functional layer 103 are both made of the second thermoplastic material. Other descriptions of the preparation method can refer to the descriptions of the invention embodiment of the photovoltaic back sheet. In the multilayer co-extrusion equipment, the preparation materials of the layers can be respectively injected into different cavities according to the distribution sequence of a plurality of layer structures for preparing the photovoltaic back panel.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the reinforcing fibers comprise at least one of: the fiber comprises glass fiber, carbon fiber and aramid fiber, namely, the reinforcing fiber is any one or combination of the glass fiber, the carbon fiber and the aramid fiber. When the glass fiber and the thermosetting powder coating are mixed, the tensile strength of the photovoltaic back plate 1 can be improved, the heat resistance is good, and the impact resistance and the flame retardant property of the photovoltaic back plate 1 can be promoted to be improved; carbon fibers have good flexibility, which can improve the impact resistance of the support layer 102; the aramid fiber has high strength and good heat resistance, and can further improve the impact resistance of the support layer 102. The material and the parts of the reinforcing fibers can be selected by those skilled in the art according to the requirements of the actual application. For example, when the reinforcing fiber is 10 parts and the thermosetting powder coating is 50 parts, the corresponding amount of glass fiber, carbon fiber and aramid fiber is 2 parts, 3 parts and 5 parts; alternatively, the glass fiber content is 5 parts, and the carbon fiber content is 5 parts, etc., and the number is not limited to these.
In one example, the grammage of the reinforcing fibers ranges from 30 to 500 grams per square meter, and those skilled in the art can determine the grammage of the reinforcing fibers according to actual needs, such as 30 grams per square meter, 50 grams per square meter, 200 grams per square meter, 300 grams per square meter, 500 grams per square meter, and the like.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the structure of the reinforcing fiber is one of the following: fiber cloth, chopped fibers, and milled fibers. The fiber cloth may be a cloth woven with reinforcing fibers or a cloth non-woven with reinforcing fibers. Milled fiber refers to a fiber obtained by subjecting chopped fibers to a milling process, and has a certain length. The support layer 102 thus obtained has a better mechanical strength by mixing shaped reinforcing fibers with thermosetting powder paint, so as to optimize the impact resistance of the photovoltaic backsheet 1. In one example, when the structure of the reinforcing fiber is a fiber cloth, the shape of the reinforcing fiber may be a plain weave type or a twill weave type, or the like. The shape design can enhance the tensile property of the support layer 102 formed with the thermosetting powder coating, so that the impact resistance of the photovoltaic back sheet 1 can be further improved.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the thermosetting resin comprises at least one of: acrylic resins, polyester resins, polyurethane resins, epoxy resins, and fluorocarbon resins. That is, the thermosetting resin may be any one or a combination of acrylic resin, polyester resin, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin, and fluorocarbon resin. The weight parts of each material in the thermosetting resin can be determined by those skilled in the art according to actual requirements, for example, when the reinforcing fiber is 10 parts, the thermosetting powder coating can be 50 parts, correspondingly, the thermosetting resin can be 48 parts, and the curing agent can be 2 parts. In the thermosetting resin, the polyester resin may be 48 parts, or 40 parts of the polyester resin, 2 parts of the acrylic resin, 2 parts of the polyurethane resin, 2 parts of the epoxy resin, 2 parts of the fluorocarbon resin, and the like. Preferably, in order to improve the weatherability and mechanical strength of the thermosetting powder coating, and at the same time further reduce the cost, the thermosetting resin may be an acrylic resin, or a polyester resin, or a mixture of an acrylic resin and a polyester resin. For example, when the thermosetting resin includes an acrylic resin and a polyester resin, the acrylic resin is 24 parts and the polyester resin is 24 parts. In one example, the acrylic resin may include glycidyl methacrylate.
In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the second thermoplastic material comprises at least one of: polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyolefin, ethylene vinyl acetate, and fluorine-containing resin. The skilled person can select the second thermoplastic material and determine the corresponding parts by weight according to the actual requirement, for example, 5 parts of polypropylene, 5 parts of polyethylene terephthalate, 5 parts of nylon, 5 parts of polycarbonate, 5 parts of polyethylene, 5 parts of polyolefin, 5 parts of ethylene-vinyl acetate, and 5 parts of fluorine-containing resin, and the like, and the invention is not limited herein.
The embodiment of the invention also provides another photovoltaic back plate 1, which sequentially comprises an inner functional layer 101, a support layer 102 and an outer functional layer 103 from inside to outside, wherein the inner functional layer 101, the support layer 102 and the outer functional layer 103 are prepared by adopting a melt co-extrusion process. The support layer 102 is made of a reinforcing fiber and a first thermoplastic material, wherein the reinforcing fiber is 10 to 40 parts by weight, and the first thermoplastic material is 10 to 40 parts by weight. For example, the first thermoplastic material may be 40 parts when the reinforcing fibers are 10 parts by weight; alternatively, the first thermoplastic material may be 10 parts when the reinforcing fibers are 40 parts. Still alternatively, when the reinforcing fiber is 10 parts, the first thermoplastic material may be 10 parts. Still alternatively, when the reinforcing fiber is 10 parts, the first thermoplastic material may be 20 parts. Alternatively, when the reinforcing fiber is 10 parts, the first thermoplastic material may be 30 parts or the like. The parts by weight of the reinforcing fibers and the first thermoplastic material can be selected by those skilled in the art from the above-mentioned ranges of parts by weight ratio according to practical needs, and are not limited herein.
The inner functional layer 101 and the outer functional layer 103 are both made of the second thermoplastic material. In an alternative embodiment, the first thermoplastic material forming the support layer 102 and the second thermoplastic material described in the previous embodiment may be the same. I.e. the first thermoplastic material from which the support layer 102 is made comprises at least one of the following: polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyolefin, ethylene vinyl acetate, and fluorine-containing resin. The support layer 102 is formed by the reinforcing fibers and the first thermoplastic material according to a certain weight ratio, so that the impact resistance and the flame retardant property of the photovoltaic back panel 1 can be effectively improved, the application range of the photovoltaic back panel 1 is expanded, and the photovoltaic back panel is particularly suitable for packaging light flexible photovoltaic modules.
The embodiment of the present invention further discloses another method for preparing a photovoltaic back sheet, when the support layer 102 includes a first thermoplastic material, the corresponding method for preparing the photovoltaic back sheet 1 may include:
step c1, mixing the first thermoplastic material and the reinforced fibers to form a support material, and adding the support material into a multilayer co-extrusion device.
And c2, injecting a second thermoplastic material into the multilayer co-extrusion equipment, and starting the multilayer co-extrusion equipment to perform melt co-extrusion to obtain the photovoltaic back plate.
In the embodiment of the invention, when the support material is prepared, the weight part ratio of the reinforced fiber is 10-40 parts, and the weight part ratio of the first thermoplastic material is 10-40 parts. After the support material is mixed, it is injected into a multilayer coextrusion apparatus. And injecting a second thermoplastic material into the multilayer coextrusion device. And starting the multilayer co-extrusion equipment to perform material melting co-extrusion, and finally forming the photovoltaic back plate 1. The photovoltaic back sheet sequentially comprises an inner functional layer 101, a support layer 102 and an outer functional layer 103 from inside to outside, wherein the support layer 102 is made of the support material, and the inner functional layer 101 and the outer functional layer 103 are both made of the second thermoplastic material. Other descriptions of the preparation method can refer to the descriptions of the invention embodiment of the photovoltaic back sheet. In the multilayer co-extrusion equipment, the preparation materials of the layers can be respectively injected into different cavities according to the distribution sequence of a plurality of layer structures for preparing the photovoltaic back panel.
In the embodiments of the invention, the thickness range of the photovoltaic back sheet 1 is 0.1-1.5mm, and the photovoltaic back sheet 1 within the thickness range can ensure the shock resistance and the mechanical strength thereof, so that the light flexible photovoltaic module can be packaged. For example, the thickness of the photovoltaic backsheet 1 may be 0.1mm, 0.3mm, 0.7mm, 1.5mm, and the like.
In one example, the thickness of the support layer 102 ranges from 0.05mm to 1mm. For example, the thickness of the support layer 102 may be 0.05mm, 0.25mm, 0.5mm, 1mm, and the like. The thickness of the inner functional layer 101 ranges from 0.01 to 0.2mm. For example, the thickness of the inner functional layer 101 may be 0.01mm, 0.02mm, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, and the like. The thickness of the outer functional layer 103 ranges from 0.02 to 0.2mm. For example, the thickness of the outer functional layer 103 may be 0.02mm, 0.03mm, 0.1mm, 0.2mm, and the like. Wherein, in the photovoltaic backsheet 1, the thickness of the support layer 102 is the thickest. The specific thickness of each layer in the photovoltaic back sheet 1 can be selected by those skilled in the art according to the difficulty of the actual processing technology, so as to further reduce the production cost of the photovoltaic back sheet 1.
Referring to fig. 3, another photovoltaic back sheet 1 is further provided in the embodiment of the present invention, which is different from the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention in that, in order to ensure the product performance of the photovoltaic back sheet 1 and optimize the co-extrusion consistency of the inner functional layer 101 and the support layer 102, the outer functional layer 103 may at least include a first sub-functional layer 103a and a second sub-functional layer 103b, so as to ensure that the support layer 102 can be better transited and matched to the inner functional layer 101. For example, the first sub-functional layer 103a is configured to contact the support layer 102, the second sub-functional layer 103b is configured to contact the outside air, and the number of parts of the material for increasing the adhesion of the first sub-functional layer 103a may be added to the first sub-functional layer 103a, so as to facilitate the adhesion strength between the first sub-functional layer 103a and the support layer 102, and further optimize the structural stability of the photovoltaic back sheet 1.
Referring to fig. 4, in order to ensure the product performance of the photovoltaic backsheet 1 and optimize the co-extrusion consistency of the inner functional layer 101 and the support layer 102, the inner functional layer 101 may include at least a third sub-functional layer 101a and a fourth sub-functional layer 101b, so as to ensure that the support layer 102 can be better transited and matched to the inner functional layer 101. For example, the fourth sub-functional layer 101b is configured to contact the support layer 102, the third sub-functional layer 101a is configured to contact the outside air, and the number of parts of the material for increasing the adhesion of the fourth sub-functional layer 101b may be added to the fourth sub-functional layer 101b, so that the adhesion strength between the fourth sub-functional layer 101b and the support layer 102 may be facilitated, and the structural stability of the photovoltaic back sheet 1 may be further optimized.
The difference from the above invention embodiments is that 3 photovoltaic back sheets 1 described in the above invention embodiments and the photovoltaic back sheet 1 in the prior art are selected to perform a performance test. Wherein:
the first thermoplastic material in the support layer 102, the second thermoplastic material in the inner functional layer 101 and the outer functional layer 103 in the present invention 1 are all polyolefin. The reinforcing fiber adopts plain weave type glass fiber cloth, and the gram weight of the glass fiber is 200 g/square meter. Wherein the weight parts ratio of the glass fibers to the first thermoplastic material in the support layer 102 is 10. The inner functional layer 101 and the outer functional layer 103 are both single-layer structures, wherein the thickness of the support layer 102 is 0.5mm, the thickness of the inner functional layer 101 is 0.1mm, and the thickness of the outer functional layer 103 is 0.1mm, and the structural shape of the present invention 1 can be seen in fig. 2.
The support layer 102 in the invention 2 comprises a thermosetting material, wherein the thermosetting material is acrylic resin, specifically, glycidyl methacrylate acrylic resin is adopted, and the curing agent is blocked isocyanate. The reinforcing fiber is plain weave type glass fiber cloth, and the gram weight of the glass fiber cloth is 200 g/square meter. Wherein, the weight part ratio of the glass fiber to the thermosetting material in the support layer 102 is 10. The inner functional layer 101 employs polyolefin. The outer functional layer 103 is made of a mixture of a fluorine-containing resin and polyolefin. Further, the outer functional layer 103 is divided into a first sub-functional layer 103a and a second sub-functional layer 103b. The thickness of the support layer 102 is 0.5mm, the thickness of the inner functional layer 101 is 0.08mm, and the thickness of the outer functional layer 103 is 0.12mm, and the structural shape of the present invention 2 can be seen in fig. 3.
The support layer 102 in the invention 3 comprises a thermosetting material, wherein the thermosetting material is acrylic resin, specifically, glycidyl methacrylate acrylic resin is adopted, and the curing agent is blocked isocyanate. The reinforcing fiber is plain weave type glass fiber cloth, and the gram weight of the glass fiber cloth is 100 g/square meter. Wherein, the weight part ratio of the glass fiber to the thermosetting material in the support layer 102 is 10. The inner functional layer 101 is made of a mixture of polyethylene and ethylene-vinyl acetate. The inner functional layer 101 may be divided into a third sub-functional layer 101a and a fourth sub-functional layer 101b. The outer functional layer 103 is made of a mixture of a fluorine-containing resin and polyolefin. Further, the outer functional layer 103 is divided into a first sub-functional layer 103a and a second sub-functional layer 103b. The thickness of the support layer 102 is 0.25mm, the thickness of the inner functional layer 101 is 0.1mm, and the thickness of the outer functional layer 103 is 0.1mm, and the structural shape of the present invention 3 can be seen in fig. 4.
The test contents of the performance test comprise a material flame retardant test, a boiling test, a glass peeling strength test, dimensional stability and the like of the photovoltaic back sheet 1. Specific test data are shown in table 1 below:
table 1 table of performance test data for photovoltaic backsheet 1 of the present invention and prior art
Figure BDA0003828660080000111
As can be seen from table 1 above, the photovoltaic backsheet 1 of the present invention can improve the delamination problem of the secondary processing thermal composite photovoltaic backsheet 1. For example, the problems of coating pulverization and shedding or composite film layering in the existing coating or composite technology are effectively avoided, and the photovoltaic back plate 1 in the invention has better structural stability and is not easy to curl or shrink in size, can be widely applied to packaging of light flexible photovoltaic components, and the excellent performances of the back plate in the aspects of impact resistance, water vapor barrier, flame retardance and the like are ensured by the reinforcing structure and the multifunctional layer design of the reinforcing fibers.
The embodiments in the present specification are described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on differences from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments are referred to each other.
As is readily imaginable to the person skilled in the art: any combination of the above embodiments is possible, and thus any combination between the above embodiments is an embodiment of the present invention, but the present disclosure is not necessarily detailed herein for reasons of space.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. It is understood, however, that embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
Similarly, it should be appreciated that in the foregoing description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, various features of the invention are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof for the purpose of streamlining the invention and aiding in the understanding of one or more of the various inventive aspects.
Moreover, those skilled in the art will appreciate that although some embodiments described herein include some features included in other embodiments, not others, combinations of features of different embodiments are meant to be within the scope of the invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the claims, any of the claimed embodiments may be used in any combination.

Claims (10)

1. The photovoltaic back plate is characterized by comprising an inner functional layer, a support layer and an outer functional layer from inside to outside in sequence, wherein the inner functional layer, the support layer and the outer functional layer are prepared by adopting a melt co-extrusion process;
the support layer is made of reinforcing fibers and thermosetting powder coating, wherein the weight part of the reinforcing fibers is 10-50 parts, the weight part of the thermosetting powder coating is 10-50 parts, and the thermosetting powder coating comprises thermosetting resin and a curing agent for crosslinking and curing the thermosetting resin; and also,
the inner functional layer and the outer functional layer are both made of a second thermoplastic material.
2. The photovoltaic backsheet according to claim 1, wherein the reinforcing fibers comprise at least one of: glass fiber, carbon fiber and aramid fiber, wherein the gram weight of the reinforcing fiber ranges from 30 to 500g per square meter.
3. The photovoltaic backsheet according to claim 2, wherein the reinforcing fibers are structured as one of: fiber cloth, chopped fibers, and milled fibers.
4. The photovoltaic backsheet according to claim 1, wherein the thermosetting resin comprises at least one of: acrylic resins, polyester resins, polyurethane resins, epoxy resins, and fluorocarbon resins.
5. The photovoltaic backsheet according to claim 1, wherein the second thermoplastic material comprises at least one of: polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyolefin, ethylene vinyl acetate, and fluorine-containing resin.
6. The photovoltaic back plate is characterized by comprising an inner functional layer, a support layer and an outer functional layer from inside to outside in sequence, wherein the inner functional layer, the support layer and the outer functional layer are prepared by adopting a melt co-extrusion process;
the support layer is made of reinforcing fibers and a first thermoplastic material, wherein the weight part ratio of the reinforcing fibers ranges from 10 to 40 parts, and the weight part ratio of the first thermoplastic material ranges from 10 to 40 parts; and also,
the inner functional layer and the outer functional layer are both made of the second thermoplastic material.
7. The photovoltaic backsheet according to claim 6, wherein the first thermoplastic material comprises at least one of: polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, nylon, polycarbonate, polyethylene, polyolefin, ethylene vinyl acetate, and fluorine-containing resin.
8. A photovoltaic module comprising the photovoltaic back sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 5 or 6 to 7, wherein the photovoltaic module further comprises a front sheet layer, a front sheet adhesive layer, a cell sheet and a back sheet adhesive layer, which are sequentially stacked, and wherein the photovoltaic back sheet is disposed on an end surface of the back sheet adhesive layer away from the cell sheet.
9. A method of making a photovoltaic backsheet, the method comprising:
mixing thermosetting powder coating and reinforcing fibers to form a pre-cured material, and drawing the pre-cured material into multilayer co-extrusion equipment, wherein the reinforcing fibers are 10-50 parts by weight, the thermosetting powder coating is 10-50 parts by weight, and the thermosetting powder coating comprises thermosetting resin and a curing agent for crosslinking and curing the thermosetting resin;
injecting a second thermoplastic material into the multilayer co-extrusion equipment, and starting the multilayer co-extrusion equipment to perform melt co-extrusion to obtain the photovoltaic back plate, wherein the photovoltaic back plate sequentially comprises an inner functional layer, a support layer and an outer functional layer from inside to outside, the support layer is made of the pre-cured material, and the inner functional layer and the outer functional layer are made of the second thermoplastic material.
10. A method of making a photovoltaic backsheet, the method comprising:
mixing a first thermoplastic material and reinforcing fibers to form a support material, and adding the support material into multilayer co-extrusion equipment, wherein the weight part ratio of the reinforcing fibers ranges from 10 to 40 parts, and the weight part ratio of the first thermoplastic material ranges from 10 to 40 parts;
injecting a second thermoplastic material into the multilayer co-extrusion equipment, and starting the multilayer co-extrusion equipment to perform melt co-extrusion to obtain the photovoltaic back plate, wherein the photovoltaic back plate sequentially comprises an inner functional layer, a support layer and an outer functional layer from inside to outside, the support layer is made of the support material, and the inner functional layer and the outer functional layer are both made of the second thermoplastic material.
CN202211066718.1A 2022-09-01 2022-09-01 Photovoltaic back plate, photovoltaic module and preparation method of photovoltaic back plate Pending CN115519869A (en)

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