CN115518882B - Karst farmland soil microplastic collection device convenient to clearance - Google Patents
Karst farmland soil microplastic collection device convenient to clearance Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115518882B CN115518882B CN202211000108.1A CN202211000108A CN115518882B CN 115518882 B CN115518882 B CN 115518882B CN 202211000108 A CN202211000108 A CN 202211000108A CN 115518882 B CN115518882 B CN 115518882B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- soil
- layering
- chamber
- servo motor
- enabling
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- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 119
- 229920000426 Microplastic Polymers 0.000 title claims description 62
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 claims description 9
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000012459 cleaning agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims 4
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000282414 Homo sapiens Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012615 aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005188 flotation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002688 soil aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/003—Separation of articles by differences in their geometrical form or by difference in their physical properties, e.g. elasticity, compressibility, hardness
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B77/00—Machines for lifting and treating soil
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B07—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS; SORTING
- B07B—SEPARATING SOLIDS FROM SOLIDS BY SIEVING, SCREENING, SIFTING OR BY USING GAS CURRENTS; SEPARATING BY OTHER DRY METHODS APPLICABLE TO BULK MATERIAL, e.g. LOOSE ARTICLES FIT TO BE HANDLED LIKE BULK MATERIAL
- B07B13/00—Grading or sorting solid materials by dry methods, not otherwise provided for; Sorting articles otherwise than by indirectly controlled devices
- B07B13/14—Details or accessories
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B08—CLEANING
- B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
- B08B9/00—Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto
- B08B9/08—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks
- B08B9/087—Cleaning containers, e.g. tanks by methods involving the use of tools, e.g. brushes, scrapers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a karst farmland soil micro-plastic collecting device convenient to clean, which comprises a main body, wherein a soil collecting and adding cavity is formed in the middle position of the inside of the main body, a barrel cleaning and brushing chamber is formed in the rear side of the soil collecting and adding cavity, a liquid adding and discharging integrated chamber is formed in the front side of the soil collecting and adding cavity, the liquid adding and discharging integrated chamber, the barrel cleaning and brushing chamber and the soil collecting and adding cavity are communicated, an axial soil collecting pipe is formed in the upper end of the inside of the soil collecting and adding cavity, a water inlet pipe is arranged in the inside of the liquid adding and discharging integrated chamber, one end of the water inlet pipe penetrates through and extends to the outside of the main body, and a single-thread transmission rod is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the inside of the barrel cleaning and brushing chamber and the soil collecting and adding cavity. This little plastics collection device convenient to clearance has the advantage that does not produce flying dust to conveniently carry out subsequent clearance, carry out the decomposition of soil through the ultrasonic wave simultaneously, can make soil decompose more thoroughly, prevent that soil from piling up in pieces, also convenient follow-up clearance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural environmental protection, in particular to a karst farmland soil micro-plastic collecting device convenient to clean.
Background
Microplastic is a plastic particle with a diameter of less than 5mm, and exists in the form of primary microplastic (artificial microplastic) or secondary microplastic (generated by decomposing larger plastic garbage) in an ecological system, and the microplastic has strong hydrophobicity and strong stability and can exist in soil environment for a long time. Related studies have shown that the abundance of microplastic present in the terrestrial ecosystem may be 4-23 times that of the ocean, with microplastic input into cultivated land soil per year far exceeding the input into the ocean, and the soil may be a larger plastic reservoir than the ocean. The microplastic in the cultivated land soil can be absorbed by human beings through a food chain, and can also migrate and transform in the soil, so that the soil physicochemical property, the soil function and the biodiversity are influenced, and the pollution problem of the microplastic in the cultivated land soil is not well known. Researchers indicate that the effect of the micro-plastic on soil organisms is not only caused by plastic particles, but also the micro-plastic contains substances such as plasticizer, stabilizer, flame retardant and the like, and can adsorb part of heavy metals and organic pollutants, thereby causing harm to the soil organisms. Therefore, innovative research and development of the microplastic collecting device in farmland soil is an important way for solving the problems of microplastic research and management.
At present, the research on microplastic is mainly focused on the aspect of water environment, and the research and the development of a device for researching and collecting microplastic in farmland soil, especially karst farmland soil microplastic are rarely reported. The prior art document (CN 109591222B) discloses a sorting device for microplastic with different particle diameters in soil, which comprises a supporting column and a first filter screen, wherein the upper end of the supporting column is provided with a filter box, the lower end of the filter box is provided with a discharge hole, the lower end of the discharge hole is inlaid with a discharge channel, the first filter screen is connected to the inside of the filter box, the middle part of the upper end of the first filter screen is provided with a first rotating shaft, and the upper end of the first rotating shaft is fixedly provided with a fixing frame. Compared with the existing device for sorting microplastic in soil, the device can solve the problem that the microplastic in soil cannot be effectively filtered, and meanwhile can solve the problem in the sorting process. However, the method is not applicable to the microplastic in the karst farmland soil, the rock exposure rate in the karst region is high, the gravel content is high, the earth surface is rugged, the soil hardness is high, the farmland soil tends to be in a block shape, the filtering device is easy to block, the microplastic in the block-shaped soil is not easy to separate, the microplastic needs to be broken mechanically with high strength, the microplastic can fly in the air along with the soil dust in the sorting process, the experimental result causes larger error, and the separating and collecting rate of the microplastic is low.
The karst farmland soil ecological components are complex, influence factors are more, researches related to collection and separation of the microplastic are small, and especially the collection effect of the microplastic in the farmland soil is not ideal. At present, when the soil micro-plastic is collected, aggregates in karst farmland soil cannot be effectively broken to loosen the soil, and then the micro-plastic filtering device is blocked. Meanwhile, the karst region has high rock exposure rate and high gravel content, in the separation process, a large amount of hard sundries such as gravel, stones and bedrock are wrapped by a large amount of soil, the soil is in a block shape, a large amount of dust is often generated in the existing grinding mode for breaking the karst region soil aggregate, and the microplastic can fly in the air along with the dust, so that the collection efficiency of the microplastic is reduced, and the collection device is blocked or damaged to influence the normal work of the separation device. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a device and a method for collecting microplastic in farmland soil, which are suitable for karst regions and are convenient to clean, so as to solve the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a karst farmland soil micro-plastic collecting device convenient to clean, which aims to solve the problems that the micro-plastic is difficult to collect in the background technology, and the micro-plastic drifts along with dust due to the adoption of a traditional soil grinding mode in the collecting process, so that the collecting effect is influenced and the subsequent internal cleaning is inconvenient.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: the utility model provides a karst farmland soil microplastic collection device convenient to clearance, includes the main part, collection soil is added the chamber in inside intermediate position department of main part, collection soil is added the rear side in chamber and is seted up a clean scrubbing chamber, collection soil is added the front side in chamber and is seted up liquid feeding ejection of compact integrative room, and liquid feeding ejection of compact integrative room, clean scrubbing chamber of a section of thick bamboo and collection soil are added between the chamber and all communicate, collection soil is added the inside upper end of chamber and is seted up axial collection soil pipe, the inside of liquid feeding ejection of compact integrative room is provided with the inlet tube, and the one end of inlet tube runs through and extends to the outside of main part;
The single-thread transmission rod is rotationally arranged at the lower end of the inside of the barrel cleaning brushing room and the soil collecting and adding cavity, is produced by turning and has the characteristic of high strength, one end of the single-thread transmission rod is rotationally provided with a movable bearing platform through threads, the movable bearing platform is connected with the movable bearing platform through the threads, a layering barrel is arranged in front of the movable bearing platform, a layering room is integrally formed in the layering barrel, and a liquid guide plate is fixedly arranged on one side of the upper end of the layering barrel;
The electric push rod is arranged at the upper end of the inside of the barrel cleaning and brushing room, the electric push rod can perform stepless adjustment operation on the thrust and the tension in the range of the rated thrust and the tension, so the electric push rod has the characteristic of wide driving force range, the output end of the electric push rod is provided with a connecting seat, a cleaning storage box is arranged below the connecting seat, connecting rods are welded at the middle positions of the front side and the rear side of the cleaning storage box, iron connecting scraping blocks are welded at one ends of the connecting rods, and dirt cleaning brushes are adhered and fixed at one ends of the iron connecting scraping blocks;
The vibration metal sheet is arranged on the front side and the rear side of the lower end in the layering barrel, the vibration metal sheet is sealed and fixed with the layering barrel, the vibration metal sheet is made of metal, the structure is firm, high-frequency vibration can be carried out, the lower end of the vibration metal sheet is provided with an ultrasonic transducer, the ultrasonic transducer is attached to the vibration metal sheet, and the ultrasonic transducer is fixed with the layering barrel through bolts.
Preferably, an ultrasonic generator is arranged below the ultrasonic transducer, and an output end of the ultrasonic generator is electrically connected with the ultrasonic transducer through a wire.
Preferably, the both sides of clean receiver all integrated into one piece has out the liquid groove, liquid flow through-hole has all been seted up to one side of going out the liquid groove, the inside of going out the liquid groove all slides and is provided with the movable block, all be provided with compression spring between movable block and the liquid groove.
Preferably, a first servo motor is arranged in the movable supporting platform, and the output end of the first servo motor is fixedly connected with the middle position of the rear side of the layering barrel.
Preferably, a second servo motor is arranged on one side of the single-thread transmission rod, and the output end of the second servo motor is in transmission connection with the single-thread transmission rod through a coupler.
Preferably, stirring blades are arranged at the middle position of the lower end of the inner part of the layering chamber and are in rotary fit with the layering barrel, a third servo motor is arranged between the ultrasonic transducers, and the output end of the third servo motor is in transmission connection with the stirring blades through a coupler.
Preferably, a fourth servo motor is arranged in the connecting seat, and the output end of the fourth servo motor is in transmission connection with the middle position of the upper end of the cleaning storage box through a coupler.
Preferably, an observation glass window is arranged at the upper end inside the liquid adding and discharging integrated chamber, and a discharging collecting box is arranged at the lower end inside the liquid adding and discharging integrated chamber.
Preferably, a sliding rail is arranged at the lower end of the single-thread transmission rod, and the moving bearing platform of the sliding rail is in sliding fit.
The working method of the microplastic collecting device convenient to clean comprises the following steps:
Firstly, adding soil and a decomposition solvent into a layering barrel positioned in a soil collecting and adding cavity through an axial soil collecting pipe, enabling the soil and the decomposition solvent to enter a layering chamber in the layering barrel, starting an ultrasonic generator to generate alternating voltage signals with certain frequency and voltage, driving a vibration metal sheet to vibrate at high frequency under the action of an ultrasonic transducer, enabling the solvent not to keep up with the vibration frequency of the vibration metal sheet, forming a gap between the solvent and the vibration metal sheet, generating a large number of bubbles under the repeated vibration of the vibration metal sheet, spreading the bubbles in the solvent along the vibration direction, generating a pulling force of thousands of atmospheric pressure when impacting the soil, so that the soil is decomposed, simultaneously starting a third servo motor to enable a stirring blade to rotate, assisting in the decomposition of the soil, stopping the ultrasonic generator and the third servo motor after a period of time, and after one end of standing, enabling the soil to fall into the bottom of the layering chamber due to hydrophilicity, enabling micro plastics to float on the surface of the solvent, so that layering is formed;
step two, starting a second servo motor to enable a single-thread transmission rod to rotate, enabling the single-thread transmission rod to rotate so as to drive the movable receiving platform to synchronously rotate, enabling the rotary motion of the movable receiving platform to be converted into horizontal linear motion under the limit effect of the sliding rail, and enabling the movable receiving platform to drive the layering cylinder to move into the liquid feeding and discharging integrated chamber;
step three, adding clear water into a layering chamber through a water inlet pipe, enabling the surface of a solvent to rise to cause overflow of an internal solvent, enabling a layering cylinder to rotate ninety degrees through rotation of an output end of a first servo motor, enabling micro plastics to enter a discharge collecting box below under the flow guiding effect of a liquid guide plate, completing collection of the micro plastics, taking out the discharge collecting box to collect and store the micro plastics after the micro plastics completely enter the discharge collecting box along the liquid guide plate through observation of a glass window, flushing the discharge collecting box, then placing the micro plastics into a liquid feeding and discharging integrated chamber again, starting the first servo motor to enable the output end of the first servo motor to rotate to enable the layering cylinder to rotate one hundred eighty degrees, enabling soil and the solvent in the layering cylinder to enter the discharge collecting box through gravity, and completing recovery of the soil and the solvent;
Step four, adding clear water into the layering chamber through the water inlet pipe again, starting a second servo motor to reverse, and enabling the movable bearing platform to drive the layering barrel to move into the barrel cleaning brushing chamber;
Step five, starting an electric push rod to drive an iron connecting scraping block to enter a layering chamber, enabling a stain cleaning brush to be attached to the inner wall of the layering chamber, enabling the stain cleaning brush to rotate through a fourth servo motor, cleaning the inner wall through rotation, stretching a compression spring under the action of centrifugal force to enable a movable block to move out of a liquid outlet groove, enabling a cleaning agent in a cleaning storage box to be thrown onto the inner wall through the liquid flowing through hole by the centrifugal force, and assisting the stain cleaning brush to clean, so that cleaning of the inside of the layering chamber is completed;
Step six, starting a second servo motor to rotate positively, enabling the movable bearing platform to drive the layering barrel to move into the liquid adding and discharging integrated chamber, starting the first servo motor to enable the output end of the layering barrel to rotate, enabling the layering barrel to rotate one hundred eighty degrees again, pouring clean sewage into the discharging collecting box, and enabling the movable bearing platform to drive the layering barrel to move into the soil collecting adding chamber through starting the second servo motor to rotate reversely, so that the next micro plastic collection is carried out.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. According to the invention, the barrel cleaning brushing room is arranged in the main body, when the layering barrel moves into the barrel cleaning brushing room, the electric push rod is started to enable the stain cleaning brush to enter the layering room and contact with the inner wall of the layering room, the stain cleaning brush can clean the inner wall through the rotation of the fourth servo motor, meanwhile, the compression spring can be stretched under the action of centrifugal force, the movable block moves out of the liquid outlet groove, the cleaning agent in the cleaning storage box can be thrown onto the inner wall through the liquid flowing through hole by the centrifugal force, and the stain cleaning brush is assisted to clean, so that the inner wall of the layering room is kept clean and convenient to use.
2. According to the invention, the vibration metal sheet is arranged at the lower end of the layering chamber, after soil and decomposition solvent are added through the axial soil collecting pipe, the ultrasonic generator is started to generate an alternating voltage signal with certain frequency and voltage, the vibration metal sheet can be driven to vibrate at high frequency under the action of the ultrasonic transducer, under the repeated vibration of the vibration metal sheet, a large number of bubbles can be generated between the solvent and the vibration metal sheet due to the fact that the solvent cannot keep up with the vibration frequency of the vibration metal sheet, the bubbles can propagate in the solvent along the vibration direction, and the impact force of thousands of atmospheric pressure can be generated when the bubbles impact the soil, so that the soil is decomposed, the soil is decomposed more thoroughly, compared with a transmission flotation method, the ultrasonic wave is used for vibration, the accumulation of soil blocks is prevented, the micro plastics in the agglomerated soil can be collected, and the collection efficiency of the micro plastics is improved.
3. According to the invention, the stirring blades are rotated by simultaneously starting the third servo motor, so that the soil can be assisted to decompose, the soil is stopped after a period of time, after standing for a period of time, the soil is hydrophilic and falls into the bottom of the layering chamber, the microplastic is non-hydrophilic and floats on the surface of the solvent, so that layering is formed, finally, clear water is added into the layering chamber through the water inlet pipe, the surface of the solvent is lifted to cause the internal solvent to overflow, the layering barrel is rotated ninety degrees through the rotation of the output end of the first servo motor, the microplastic enters the discharge collecting box under the action of the liquid guide plate, and the soil is not broken in the whole process, so that the problems that the microplastic drifts along with soil dust, the collection rate of the microplastic is low and the experimental result error is large are solved radically.
4. According to the invention, the single-thread transmission rod is arranged in the main body, parameters are adjusted by the PLC, so that the positive and negative rotation time interval of the second servo motor can be controlled, the single-thread transmission rod can synchronously rotate by the rotation of the second servo motor, the single-thread transmission rod can drive the movable bearing platform to rotate, the rotary motion of the movable bearing platform can be converted into linear horizontal motion under the limit action of the sliding rail, the movable bearing platform can drive the layering cylinder to move, the layering cylinder can move among the soil collecting and adding cavity, the liquid adding and discharging integrated chamber and the cylinder cleaning and brushing chamber, and the collection capacity of micro plastics is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of the internal structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a side view of the internal structure of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the internal structure of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of the layered cartridge structure of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial view of area A of FIG. 1 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged view of a portion of the area B of FIG. 3 in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a specific usage flow of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a main body; 2. a soil collecting and adding cavity; 3. the liquid adding and discharging integrated chamber; 4. cleaning the brushing room; 5. a layering barrel; 6. a layering chamber; 7. moving the receiving platform; 8. a single thread transmission rod; 9. a slide rail; 10. a first servo motor; 11. a second servo motor; 12. a discharging collection box; 13. vibrating the metal sheet; 14. an ultrasonic transducer; 15. an ultrasonic generator; 16. a third servo motor; 17. stirring blades; 18. an electric push rod; 19. a connecting seat; 20. a fourth servo motor; 21. a cleaning storage box; 22. a connecting rod; 23. an iron connecting scraping block; 24. cleaning stains; 25. a movable block; 26. a liquid flow through hole; 27. a compression spring; 28. a liquid outlet groove; 29. an axial soil collecting pipe; 30. a liquid deflector; 31. a water inlet pipe; 32. and (5) observing the glass window.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-6, an embodiment of the present invention is provided: the utility model provides a karst farmland soil microplastic collection device convenient to clearance, including main part 1, collection soil is added chamber 2 has been seted up to the inside intermediate position department of main part 1, collection soil is added chamber 2's rear side has been seted up a section of thick bamboo clean scrubbing room 4, collection soil is added chamber 2's front side has been seted up liquid feeding ejection of compact integrative room 3, and liquid feeding ejection of compact integrative room 3, a section of thick bamboo clean scrubbing room 4 and collection soil are added between chamber 2 and all communicate, collection soil is added the inside upper end of chamber 2 and has been seted up axial collection soil pipe 29, the inside of liquid feeding ejection of compact integrative room 3 is provided with inlet tube 31, and the one end of inlet tube 31 runs through and extends to the outside of main part 1;
The single-thread transmission rod 8 is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the inside of the barrel cleaning brushing room 4 and the soil collecting and adding cavity 2, the single-thread transmission rod 8 is produced by turning, the single-thread transmission rod has the characteristic of high strength, one end of the single-thread transmission rod 8 is rotatably provided with the movable receiving platform 7 through threads, the movable receiving platform 7 is firmly connected through threads, the layering barrel 5 is arranged in front of the movable receiving platform 7, the layering chamber 6 is integrally formed in the layering barrel 5, and the liquid guide plate 30 is fixedly arranged on one side of the upper end of the layering barrel 5;
The electric push rod 18 is arranged at the upper end of the interior of the barrel cleaning brushing room 4, the electric push rod 18 can perform stepless adjustment operation on the thrust and the tension within the range of rated thrust and tension, so the electric push rod 18 has the characteristic of wide driving force range, the output end of the electric push rod 18 is provided with a connecting seat 19, a cleaning storage box 21 is arranged below the connecting seat 19, connecting rods 22 are welded at the middle positions of the front side and the rear side of the cleaning storage box 21, iron connecting scraping blocks 23 are welded at one ends of the connecting rods 22, and dirt cleaning brushes 24 are adhered and fixed at one ends of the iron connecting scraping blocks 23;
the vibration metal sheet 13, it sets up the front and back side at the inside lower extreme of layering section of thick bamboo 5, and vibration metal sheet 13 all seals fixedly with layering section of thick bamboo 5, and vibration metal sheet 13 is the metal material, and its sound construction can carry out high frequency vibrations, and vibration metal sheet 13's lower extreme all is provided with ultrasonic transducer 14, and ultrasonic transducer 14 all laminates with vibration metal sheet 13 mutually, and ultrasonic transducer 14 all passes through the bolt fastening with layering section of thick bamboo 5.
Referring to fig. 5, an ultrasonic generator 15 is disposed below the ultrasonic transducer 14, and an output end of the ultrasonic generator 15 is electrically connected with the ultrasonic transducer 14 through a wire, and the ultrasonic generator 15 is matched with the ultrasonic generator 15 and the vibration metal sheet 13 to perform ultrasonic decomposition, so that the soil decomposition is more thorough.
Referring to fig. 6, the cleaning storage box 21 is integrally formed with a liquid outlet groove 28 on both sides, a liquid flow through hole 26 is formed on one side of the liquid outlet groove 28, a movable block 25 is slidably arranged in the liquid outlet groove 28, a compression spring 27 is arranged between the movable block 25 and the liquid outlet groove 28, the cleaning storage box 21 is filled with a cleaning agent, the cleaning agent is thrown onto the inner wall by centrifugal force through the liquid flow through hole 26, and the cleaning brush 24 can be assisted to clean, so that the inner wall of the layering chamber 6 is kept clean and tidy, and the cleaning agent is convenient to use.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a first servo motor 10 is disposed in the mobile receiving platform 7, and an output end of the first servo motor 10 is fixedly connected with a middle position of a rear side of the layering barrel 5, and the first servo motor 10 can rotate the layering barrel 5 to facilitate dumping of materials in the layering chamber 6.
Referring to fig. 1, a second servo motor 11 is disposed at one side of the single-thread transmission rod 8, and an output end of the second servo motor 11 is in transmission connection with the single-thread transmission rod 8 through a coupling, and the second servo motor 11 can synchronously rotate the single-thread transmission rod 8 through the coupling to provide power for moving the moving receiving platform 7.
Referring to fig. 5, a stirring blade 17 is disposed at a middle position of the lower end of the inner portion of the layering chamber 6, the stirring blade 17 is rotationally matched with the layering drum 5, a third servo motor 16 is disposed between the ultrasonic transducers 14, an output end of the third servo motor 16 is in transmission connection with the stirring blade 17 through a coupling, and the third servo motor 16 is started to rotate the stirring blade 17, so that soil decomposition can be assisted.
Referring to fig. 1, a fourth servo motor 20 is disposed in the connection seat 19, and an output end of the fourth servo motor 20 is in transmission connection with a middle position of an upper end of the cleaning storage box 21 through a coupling, and rotation of the output end of the fourth servo motor 20 can provide power for rotation of the iron connection scraping block 23, so that the iron connection scraping block 23 can drive the stain cleaning brush 24 to clean.
Referring to fig. 1 and 3, an observation glass window 32 is provided at the upper end of the interior of the liquid feeding and discharging integrated chamber 3, a discharging collecting box 12 is provided at the lower end of the interior of the liquid feeding and discharging integrated chamber 3, the interior of the liquid feeding and discharging integrated chamber 3 can be conveniently observed through the observation glass window 32, and required materials can be conveniently taken out from the liquid feeding and discharging integrated chamber 3 through the discharging collecting box 12.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a sliding rail 9 is provided at the lower end of the single-thread transmission rod 8, and a moving receiving platform 7 of the sliding rail 9 is slidably matched, so that under the limiting effect of the sliding rail 9, the rotary motion of the moving receiving platform 7 can be converted into horizontal linear motion, and the moving receiving platform 7 is convenient to drive the layering drum 5 to move.
The working method of the microplastic collecting device convenient to clean comprises the following steps:
Firstly, adding soil and a decomposition solvent into a layering barrel 5 positioned in a soil collecting and adding cavity 2 through an axial soil collecting pipe 29, enabling the soil and the decomposition solvent to enter a layering chamber 6 in the layering barrel 5, starting an ultrasonic generator 15 to generate alternating voltage signals with certain frequency and voltage, driving a vibration metal sheet 13 to vibrate at high frequency under the action of an ultrasonic transducer 14, enabling the solvent to form a gap between the solvent and the vibration metal sheet 13 without keeping the vibration frequency of the vibration metal sheet 13, enabling a large amount of bubbles to be generated under the repeated vibration of the vibration metal sheet 13, enabling the bubbles to propagate in the solvent along the vibration direction, enabling the bubbles to generate pulling force of thousands of atmospheric pressure to impact the soil, enabling a third servo motor 16 to rotate, enabling a stirring blade 17 to assist in decomposing the soil, stopping the ultrasonic generator 15 and the third servo motor 16 after a period of time, enabling the soil to fall into the bottom of the layering chamber 6 due to hydrophilicity after a period of standing, enabling micro plastics to be non-hydrophilic, and enabling the micro plastics to float on the solvent surface, so that layering is formed;
step two, starting a second servo motor 11 to enable a single-thread transmission rod 8 to rotate, enabling the single-thread transmission rod 8 to rotate so as to drive a movable receiving platform 7 to synchronously rotate, enabling the rotary motion of the movable receiving platform 7 to be converted into horizontal linear motion under the limit effect of a sliding rail 9, and enabling the movable receiving platform 7 to drive a layering barrel 5 to move into the liquid feeding and discharging integrated chamber 3;
Step three, adding clear water into the layering chamber 6 through a water inlet pipe 31, lifting the surface of a solvent to cause overflow of the internal solvent, rotating the layering cylinder 5 by ninety degrees through rotation of the output end of the first servo motor 10, enabling micro plastics to enter the discharging collecting box 12 below under the diversion effect of the liquid diversion plate 30, completing collection of the micro plastics, taking out the discharging collecting box 12 to collect and store the micro plastics after the micro plastics completely enter the discharging collecting box 12 along the liquid diversion plate 30 through observation of the observation glass window 32, flushing the discharging collecting box 12, then putting the micro plastics into the liquid charging and discharging integrated chamber 3 again, starting the first servo motor 10 to enable the output end of the first servo motor to rotate, enabling the layering cylinder 5 to rotate by one hundred eighty degrees, enabling soil and the solvent in the layering cylinder 5 to enter the discharging collecting box 12 through gravity, and completing recovery of the soil and the solvent;
Step four, adding clear water into the layering chamber 6 through the water inlet pipe 31 again, starting the second servo motor 11 to reverse, and enabling the movable bearing platform 7 to drive the layering barrel 5 to move into the barrel cleaning brushing chamber 4;
Step five, starting an electric push rod 18 to drive an iron connecting scraping block 23 to enter the layering chamber 6, enabling a stain cleaning brush 24 to be attached to the inner wall of the layering chamber 6, enabling the stain cleaning brush 24 to rotate through a fourth servo motor 20, cleaning the inner wall through rotation, simultaneously stretching a compression spring 27 under the action of centrifugal force, enabling a movable block 25 to move out of a liquid outlet groove 28, enabling a cleaning agent in a cleaning storage box 21 to be thrown onto the inner wall through the liquid flowing through hole 26 by centrifugal force, and assisting the stain cleaning brush 24 to clean, so that cleaning of the inside of the layering chamber 6 is completed;
Step six, the second servo motor 11 is started to rotate positively, the movable bearing platform 7 drives the layering barrel 5 to move into the liquid adding and discharging integrated chamber 3, the first servo motor 10 is started to rotate the output end of the layering barrel 5, the layering barrel 5 rotates one hundred eighty degrees again, clean sewage can be poured into the discharging collecting box 12, the second servo motor 11 is started to rotate reversely, and the movable bearing platform 7 drives the layering barrel 5 to move into the soil collecting and adding cavity 2, so that the next micro plastic collection is performed.
It will be evident to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the foregoing illustrative embodiments, and that the present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description, and all changes which come within the meaning and range of equivalency of the claims are therefore intended to be embraced therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.
Claims (2)
1. The utility model provides a karst farmland soil microplastic collection device convenient to clearance, includes main part (1), collect soil and add chamber (2) have been seted up to inside intermediate position department of main part (1), collect soil and add the rear side in chamber (2) and seted up a clean washing room (4), collect soil and add the front side in chamber (2) and seted up liquid feeding ejection of compact integrative room (3), and a clean washing room (4) and collect soil and add homogeneous phase intercommunication between chamber (2), collect soil and add the inside upper end in chamber (2) and set up axial collection soil pipe (29), the inside of liquid feeding ejection of compact integrative room (3) is provided with inlet tube (31), and the one end of inlet tube (31) runs through and extends to the outside of main part (1), its characterized in that:
The single-thread transmission rod (8) is rotatably arranged at the lower end of the inside of the barrel cleaning and washing chamber (4) and the soil collecting and adding cavity (2), one end of the single-thread transmission rod (8) is rotatably provided with a movable bearing platform (7) through threads, a layering barrel (5) is arranged in front of the movable bearing platform (7), a layering chamber (6) is integrally formed in the layering barrel (5), and a liquid guide plate (30) is fixedly arranged at one side of the upper end of the layering barrel (5);
the electric push rod (18) is arranged at the upper end of the inside of the barrel cleaning and washing chamber (4), a connecting seat (19) is arranged at the output end of the electric push rod (18), a cleaning storage box (21) is arranged below the connecting seat (19), connecting rods (22) are welded at the middle positions of the front side and the rear side of the cleaning storage box (21), iron connecting scraping blocks (23) are welded at one ends of the connecting rods (22), and dirt cleaning brushes (24) are adhered and fixed at one ends of the iron connecting scraping blocks (23);
The vibration metal sheets (13) are arranged on the front side and the rear side of the lower end of the inner part of the layering cylinder (5), the vibration metal sheets (13) are all fixed with the layering cylinder (5) in a sealing mode, ultrasonic transducers (14) are arranged at the lower ends of the vibration metal sheets (13), the ultrasonic transducers (14) are attached to the vibration metal sheets (13), and the ultrasonic transducers (14) are all fixed with the layering cylinder (5) through bolts;
An ultrasonic generator (15) is arranged below the ultrasonic transducer (14), and the output end of the ultrasonic generator (15) is electrically connected with the ultrasonic transducer (14) through a lead; the cleaning storage box is characterized in that liquid outlet grooves (28) are integrally formed in two sides of the cleaning storage box (21), liquid flowing through holes (26) are formed in one side of each liquid outlet groove (28), movable blocks (25) are slidably arranged in the liquid outlet grooves (28), and compression springs (27) are arranged between the movable blocks (25) and the liquid outlet grooves (28); a first servo motor (10) is arranged in the movable supporting platform (7), and the output end of the first servo motor (10) is fixedly connected with the middle position of the rear side of the layering barrel (5); a second servo motor (11) is arranged on one side of the single-thread transmission rod (8), and the output end of the second servo motor (11) is in transmission connection with the single-thread transmission rod (8) through a coupler;
A stirring blade (17) is arranged at the middle position of the lower end of the inner part of the layering chamber (6), the stirring blade (17) is in rotary fit with the layering cylinder (5), a third servo motor (16) is arranged between the ultrasonic transducers (14), and the output end of the third servo motor (16) is in transmission connection with the stirring blade (17) through a coupler; a fourth servo motor (20) is arranged in the connecting seat (19), and the output end of the fourth servo motor (20) is in transmission connection with the middle position of the upper end of the cleaning storage box (21) through a coupler; an observation glass window (32) is arranged at the upper end inside the liquid feeding and discharging integrated chamber (3), and a discharging collecting box (12) is arranged at the lower end inside the liquid feeding and discharging integrated chamber (3); the lower end of the single-thread transmission rod (8) is provided with a sliding rail (9), and the moving bearing platform (7) of the sliding rail (9) is in sliding fit.
2. The karst farmland soil micro-plastic collecting device convenient to clean according to claim 1, based on the working method of the micro-plastic collecting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, adding soil and a decomposition solvent into a layering barrel (5) positioned in a soil collecting and adding cavity (2) through an axial soil collecting pipe (29), wherein the soil and the decomposition solvent can enter a layering chamber (6) in the layering barrel (5), starting an ultrasonic generator (15) to generate an alternating voltage signal with a certain frequency and voltage, driving a vibration metal sheet (13) to vibrate at a high frequency under the action of an ultrasonic transducer (14), enabling the solvent not to keep up with the vibration frequency of the vibration metal sheet (13), forming a gap between the solvent and the vibration metal sheet (13), generating a large number of bubbles in the solvent under the repeated vibration of the vibration metal sheet (13), spreading the bubbles in the solvent along the vibration direction, generating thousands of atmospheric pulling force by impacting the soil, so that the soil is decomposed, simultaneously starting a third servo motor (16) to enable a stirring blade (17) to rotate, stopping the ultrasonic generator (15) and the third servo motor (16) after a period of time, and standing for a period of time, enabling the soil to be hydrophilic, and falling into the bottom of the layering chamber (6), and enabling the soil to float in a micro-floating mode on the surface of the plastic;
Step two, starting a second servo motor (11) to enable a single-thread transmission rod (8) to rotate, enabling the single-thread transmission rod (8) to rotate so as to drive a movable receiving platform (7) to synchronously rotate, enabling the rotary motion of the movable receiving platform (7) to be converted into horizontal linear motion under the limit effect of a sliding rail (9), and enabling the movable receiving platform (7) to drive a layering barrel (5) to move into the liquid feeding and discharging integrated chamber (3);
Step three, adding clear water into the layering chamber (6) through a water inlet pipe (31), lifting the surface of a solvent to cause overflow of the internal solvent, enabling the layering cylinder (5) to rotate by ninety degrees through rotation of the output end of the first servo motor (10), enabling micro plastics to enter a discharge collecting box (12) below under the diversion effect of a liquid diversion plate (30), completing collection of the micro plastics, taking out the discharge collecting box (12) to collect and store the micro plastics after the micro plastics enter the discharge collecting box (12) along the liquid diversion plate (30), flushing the discharge collecting box (12), putting the micro plastics into a liquid adding and discharging integrated chamber (3) again, starting the first servo motor (10) to enable the output end of the layering cylinder (5) to rotate by one hundred eighty degrees, enabling soil and the solvent in the layering cylinder (5) to enter the discharge collecting box (12) through gravity, and completing recovery of the soil and the solvent;
step four, adding clear water into the layering chamber (6) through the water inlet pipe (31), starting the second servo motor (11) to reverse, and enabling the movable bearing platform (7) to drive the layering cylinder (5) to move into the cylinder cleaning and brushing chamber (4);
Step five, an electric push rod (18) is started to drive an iron connecting scraping block (23) to enter a layering chamber (6), a stain cleaning brush (24) is attached to the inner wall of the layering chamber (6), the stain cleaning brush (24) can rotate through a fourth servo motor (20), the inner wall can be cleaned through rotation, meanwhile, a compression spring (27) can be stretched under the action of centrifugal force, a movable block (25) is moved out of a liquid outlet groove (28), a cleaning agent in a cleaning storage box (21) can be thrown onto the inner wall through a liquid flowing through hole (26) by centrifugal force, and the stain cleaning brush (24) is assisted to clean the inner wall, so that the inside of the layering chamber (6) is cleaned;
Step six, start second servo motor (11) and carry out the corotation, make and remove and accept platform (7) and drive layering section of thick bamboo (5) and move to the inside of the integrative room of liquid feeding ejection of compact (3), start first servo motor (10) and make its output rotate, make layering section of thick bamboo (5) rotatory one hundred eighty degrees once more, can pour the inside of ejection of compact collecting box (12) with the sewage after the cleanness, rethread starts second servo motor (11) and carries out the reversal, make and remove and accept platform (7) and drive layering section of thick bamboo (5) and move to the inside of collection soil interpolation chamber (2), carry out the microplastic collection of next time.
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| CN202211000108.1A CN115518882B (en) | 2022-08-19 | 2022-08-19 | Karst farmland soil microplastic collection device convenient to clearance |
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| CN202211000108.1A CN115518882B (en) | 2022-08-19 | 2022-08-19 | Karst farmland soil microplastic collection device convenient to clearance |
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| CN115518882B true CN115518882B (en) | 2024-06-14 |
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| KR101639691B1 (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2016-07-14 | 코오롱워터앤에너지 주식회사 | Ultrasonic washing apparatus for purifying polluted soil |
| CN109699221A (en) * | 2019-01-18 | 2019-05-03 | 黑龙江兰德超声科技股份有限公司 | A kind of power ultrasound promotion soil restoring device discharging device |
| CN211538114U (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2020-09-22 | 江苏苏理持久性有机污染物分析测试中心有限公司 | Multistage even reducing mechanism of soil for laboratory analysis |
| CN111822491A (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2020-10-27 | 安前前 | Soil purification device with efficient plastic bag separation function |
| CN112337627A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-02-09 | 山东百花生物集团有限公司 | Rubbing crusher is used in soil conditioner production |
| CN215963778U (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2022-03-08 | 深圳市绿奥环境建设有限公司 | Soil restoration pre-crushing treatment device for garden maintenance |
| CN216226115U (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-04-08 | 东莞市金胜混凝土有限公司 | Solid waste resource recovery equipment for recycled concrete |
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| 关于建立土壤中微塑料标准化分析检测方法的思考;杜涛;罗思;王鑫;向文平;;再生资源与循环经济;20200827(第08期);全文 * |
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