CN115518509B - Material balance design method for rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system of waste incineration power plant - Google Patents
Material balance design method for rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system of waste incineration power plant Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/80—Semi-solid phase processes, i.e. by using slurries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
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- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B01D2257/20—Halogens or halogen compounds
- B01D2257/204—Inorganic halogen compounds
- B01D2257/2045—Hydrochloric acid
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
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- B01D2258/0291—Flue gases from waste incineration plants
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Abstract
The invention provides a material balance design method of a rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system of a waste incineration power plant, which comprises the steps of carrying out assumption on smoke parameters at an outlet of the system, calculating the variation of each smoke component in the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification process based on the concentration of pollutants, calculating the smoke parameters at the outlet based on the variation of each smoke component after deacidification is finished, comparing the smoke parameters with the smoke parameters at the outlet assumed before, verifying whether error requirements are met, and if the error requirements are not met, re-assuming calculation until the error requirements are finally met, and finishing calculation of material balance. According to the invention, the material balance of the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system is calculated by a hypothesis test method, so that the problem that the material balance calculation of the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system is not performed in the prior art is solved, and necessary guidance is provided for actual equipment selection, field optimization and operation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of emission control of a waste incineration power plant, and particularly relates to a material balance design method of a rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system of the waste incineration power plant.
Background
Along with the annual increase of urban household garbage, the harmless treatment of garbage is urgent. Although the investment for the garbage incineration treatment is high, the method has obvious advantages in the aspects of harmlessness and reduction. However, when the garbage is burned, harmful acid gas and dust are generated, and the deacidification of the garbage incineration flue gas means the removal of HCl and SO contained in the flue gas generated by garbage incineration 2 And (3) waiting for acid gas, so that the acid gas component in the flue gas finally discharged to the atmospheric environment reaches the national or local allowable discharge standard, and the rotary spray semi-dry method is an effective flue gas purification technology.
However, the material balance calculation of the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system of the waste incineration power plant is a great problem in the industry, and the prior art lacks a material balance calculation method of the system, so that necessary guidance cannot be provided for the model selection, field optimization and operation of actual equipment.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a material balance design method of a rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system of a waste incineration power plant, so as to provide necessary guidance for actual equipment selection, site optimization and operation of the waste incineration power plant.
In order to achieve the technical effects, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a material balance design method for a rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system of a waste incineration power plant comprises the following steps:
establishing an outlet flue gas conversion concentration calculation formula according to the definition of pollutant removal efficiency in the standard;
substituting parameters of each component in the system inlet flue gas into an outlet flue gas conversion concentration calculation formula, and calculating to obtain conversion concentration of pollutants in the system outlet flue gas;
carrying out assumption on flue gas parameters at the outlet of the system;
converting the converted concentration of pollutants in the system outlet flue gas into actual concentration and standard state volume according to the assumed system outlet flue gas parameters;
calculating the variation in the pollutant removal reaction process according to the actual concentration of the converted pollutant and the standard state volume;
calculating each material of deacidification slurry in the semi-dry deacidification process according to the variable quantity;
determining the corresponding variable quantity of the smoke components with the total quantity changed in the deacidification process of the rotary spray semi-dry method according to the calculation;
and calculating and checking new outlet flue gas parameters according to the variation corresponding to the varied flue gas components, if the error does not meet the set requirement, carrying out assumption on the outlet flue gas parameters again, calculating and checking again, and ending iterative calculation until the error meets the set requirement.
Further, the calculation formula of the outlet flue gas conversion concentration is specifically as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing SO in dry flue gas of system outlet under standard state 2 Is used for the conversion of the concentration of the liquid,representing SO in dry flue gas of system inlet under standard state 2 Converted concentration of->Indicating the SO-removal of the system 2 Efficiency (I)>Represents the conversion concentration of HCl in the dry flue gas at the outlet of the system under the standard state,represents the reduced concentration of HCl in dry flue gas at the inlet of the system in the standard state, < >>Indicating the HCl removal efficiency of the system.
Further, the system outlet flue gas parameters are assumed, specifically:
o to system outlet 2 The content and the dry smoke quantity are assumed, and the first assumption is that O of inlet smoke is adopted 2 The content and the dry smoke amount are used as data of the first iterative calculation.
Further, the converted concentration of pollutants in the flue gas at the outlet of the system is converted into actual concentration and standard state volume, and the method is specifically carried out according to the following formula:
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing SO in dry flue gas of system outlet under standard state 2 Is used in the concentration of the liquid,representing the reduced concentration of SO2 in the dry flue gas at the outlet of the system in the standard state, +.>Represents O in dry flue gas of system outlet under standard state 2 The content is as follows; />Representing SO in dry flue gas of system outlet under standard state 2 V of (2) m Represents the molar volume constant of the gas, < >>Representing SO 2 Molar mass of>Representing the standard state volume of the dry flue gas at the system outlet in the standard state;
in the method, in the process of the invention,indicating the actual concentration of HCI in the dry flue gas at the outlet of the system in the standard condition,the converted concentration of HCI in the dry flue gas at the outlet of the system under the standard state is represented; />Represents the volume of HCI in dry flue gas at the outlet of the system in a standard state, M HCl Represents the molar mass of HCI.
Further, the change amount in the pollutant removal reaction process is calculated according to the actual concentration of the converted pollutant and the standard state volume, and the method is specifically carried out according to the following formula:
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing SO in a system under standard conditions 2 Reaction amount of->Representing SO in dry flue gas of system outlet under standard state 2 Volume of->Representing the volume of SO2 in dry flue gas at the inlet of the system in a standard state; />Indicating the reaction amount of HCl in the system under standard conditions, < >>Represents the volume of HCl in the dry flue gas at the outlet of the system in the standard state +.>The volume of HCl in the dry flue gas at the inlet of the system at standard conditions is indicated.
Further, calculating each material of the deacidified slurry in the semi-dry deacidification process according to the variable quantity comprises calculating the generated quantity or the reaction quantity, and specifically carrying out according to the following formula:
in the method, in the process of the invention,indicating Ca (OH) in the process of deacidification by a rotary spray semi-dry method 2 Is used for the reaction of the catalyst,indicating O in the deacidification process of rotary spray semi-dry method 2 Reaction amount of->Indicating H in the deacidification process of rotary spray semi-dry method 2 O production amount.
Further, calculating each material of the deacidification slurry in the semi-dry deacidification process according to the variable quantity comprises calculating the input quantity, and specifically carrying out according to the following formula:
in the method, in the process of the invention,indicating the total Ca (OH) in the deacidified slurry fed to the system in the standard state 2 Standard state volume, +.>Represents the molar ratio of calcium acid,/->Indicating the total Ca (OH) in the deacidified slurry fed to the system in the standard state 2 Mass of M Ca(OH)2 Representing Ca (OH) 2 Molar mass of (c);
in the method, in the process of the invention,indicating the total H in deacidified slurry fed into the system in a standard state 2 The mass of the O is that,indicating the total H in deacidified slurry fed into the system in a standard state 2 Standard state volume of O, M H2O Represents H 2 Molar mass of O.
Further, according to the calculation, the corresponding variation of the smoke components, the total amount of which varies in the deacidification process of the rotary spray semi-dry method, is determined, and the specific steps are as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing the total SO in the system 2 Variable amount of->Indicating the total HCl change in the system,/->Representing the total O in the system 2 Variable amount of->Representing the total H in the system 2 O variation.
Further, new outlet flue gas parameters are calculated and checked according to the corresponding variable quantity of the changed flue gas components, and the method is specifically carried out according to the following formula:
in the method, in the process of the invention,represents O in dry flue gas of system outlet under standard state 2 Content of (1)>Represents O in dry flue gas of system outlet under standard state 2 Standard state volume, +.>Representing the standard state volume of the dry flue gas at the system outlet in the standard state.
Further, O of the inlet flue gas 2 The content is specifically O at the outlet of the waste heat boiler 2 The content is as follows.
In summary, the invention provides a material balance design method for a rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system of a waste incineration power plant, which comprises the steps of carrying out assumption on system outlet smoke parameters, calculating the variation of each smoke component in the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification process based on the concentration of pollutants, calculating outlet smoke parameters based on the variation of each smoke component after deacidification is finished, comparing the smoke parameters with the outlet smoke parameters assumed before, verifying whether error requirements are met, and if the error requirements are not met, re-assuming calculation until the error requirements are finally met, and finishing calculation of material balance. According to the invention, the material balance of the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system is calculated by a hypothesis test method, so that the problem that the material balance calculation of the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system is not performed in the prior art is solved, and necessary guidance is provided for actual equipment selection, field optimization and operation.
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In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of a material balance design method of a rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system of a waste incineration power plant, which is provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and understandable, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is apparent that the embodiments described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Along with the annual increase of urban household garbage, the harmless treatment of garbage is urgent. Although the investment for the garbage incineration treatment is high, the method has obvious advantages in the aspects of harmlessness and reduction. However, when the garbage is burned, harmful acid gas and dust are generated, and the rotary spray semi-dry method is an effective flue gas purification technology.
However, the material balance calculation of the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system of the waste incineration power plant is a great problem in the industry, and the prior art lacks a material balance calculation method of the system, so that necessary guidance cannot be provided for the model selection, field optimization and operation of actual equipment.
Based on the method, the invention provides a material balance design method for a rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system of a waste incineration power plant.
The following describes in detail an embodiment of a material balance design method of a rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system of a waste incineration power plant.
Referring to fig. 1, the embodiment provides a material balance design method for a rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system of a waste incineration power plant, which includes:
step one: and establishing an outlet flue gas conversion concentration calculation formula according to the definition of the pollutant removal efficiency in the standard.
In the step, according to the definition of the removal efficiency in the national standard, an outlet flue gas conversion concentration calculation formula is established as shown in (1-1) - (1-2)
Wherein:
the converted concentration cannot be directly used for calculating the material balance, and the same method of hypothesis testing is needed to calculate the composition of the outlet flue gas.
Step two: substituting the parameters of each component in the system inlet flue gas into an outlet flue gas conversion concentration calculation formula, and calculating to obtain the conversion concentration of pollutants in the system outlet flue gas.
Step three: the system outlet flue gas parameters are assumed.
The hypothetical parameters include O 2 Content and dry smoke amount. O adopting inlet flue gas 2 The content and the dry smoke volume were used as data for the first iteration.
Step four: converting the converted concentration of pollutants in the system outlet flue gas into actual concentration and standard state volume according to the assumed system outlet flue gas parameters; o (O) 2 The content (dry flue gas) was 6.06574724% and the dry flue gas amount was 3.747217411Nm 3/(kg of garbage).
And converting the converted concentration of SO2 at the outlet of the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system into the actual concentration and standard state volume according to the assumed O2 content and the assumed dry smoke amount, wherein a calculation formula is shown as (1-3).
Wherein:
the conversion calculation of the standard state volume is deduced, and the specific calculation process is shown in the formula (1-4).
Wherein:
similarly, the calculation equations shown in (1-5) - (1-6) are set up for HCl flue gas pollutants.
In formulas 1 to 5:
in formulas 1-6:
step five: and calculating the variation in the pollutant removal reaction process according to the actual concentration of the converted pollutant and the standard state volume.
According to the chemical reaction equation, the SO removal can be calculated 2 And variations in the composition of the flue gas caused by the HCl reaction process.
SO in the deacidification process by rotary spray semi-dry method 2 And the HCl reaction amounts are calculated as shown in the formulas (1-7) and (1-8), respectively.
Wherein:
according to the chemistry of the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification process, the generation amount or the reaction amount of other substances can be calculated, and the calculation process is shown in formulas (1-9) - (1-11).
Wherein:
step six: and calculating each material of the deacidification slurry in the semi-dry deacidification process according to the variable quantity.
The deacidification slurry sprayed by the rotary spray semi-dry method contains the effective component Ca (OH) 2 In addition, it contains a large amount of water. In addition, the deacidification slurry can be atomized when being sprayed into the deacidification tower, and rotary mechanical atomization is adopted at present generally, so that air does not need to be additionally introduced.
According to the definition of the molar ratio of calcium acid, the standard state volume and mass of the total Ca (OH) 2 put into deacidified slurry are calculated first, as shown in formulas (1-12) and (1-13).
Wherein:
the other major component in deacidification is water, and other minor components (impurities and the like can be considered later) are ignored, so that the mass of water input into the system and standard state volume calculation can be deduced as shown in formulas (1-14) and (1-15).
Wherein:
V m the molar volume constant of the gas is generally approximately 22.4L/mol;
M H2O ——H 2 the molar mass of O is calculated after looking up the periodic Table of elements, g/mol.
Step seven: and determining the corresponding variable quantity of the smoke components with the total quantity changed in the deacidification process of the rotary spray semi-dry method according to the calculation.
The flue gas components with total amount (standard state volume, mass, molar quantity and the like) changed in the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification process are SO 2 、HCl、O 2 、H 2 O and other substances are not changed, and specific change amount conditions can be calculated by combining the contents, as shown in formulas (1-16) - (1-19).
Step eight: and calculating and checking new outlet flue gas parameters according to the variation corresponding to the varied flue gas components, if the error does not meet the set requirement, carrying out assumption on the outlet flue gas parameters again, calculating and checking again, and ending iterative calculation until the error meets the set requirement.
And calculating and checking new O2 content and dry smoke quantity parameters as shown in formulas (1-20).
Wherein:
iterative calculation:
based on the data provided by an example, O is calculated 2 The errors of the content and the dry smoke parameters are 0.121% and 0.370%, respectively, which shows that the calculated result has little difference from the actual result. And carrying out six iterations on the calculated result, wherein the error obtained is 0.
The embodiment provides a material balance design method of a rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system of a waste incineration power plant, which comprises the steps of carrying out assumption on smoke parameters at an outlet of the system, calculating the variation of each smoke component in the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification process based on the concentration of pollutants, calculating the smoke parameters at the outlet based on the variation of each smoke component after deacidification is finished, comparing the smoke parameters with the smoke parameters at the outlet assumed before, verifying whether error requirements are met, and if the error requirements are not met, re-assuming calculation until the error requirements are finally met, and finishing material balance calculation. According to the invention, the material balance of the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system is calculated by a hypothesis test method, so that the problem that the material balance calculation of the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system is not performed in the prior art is solved, and necessary guidance is provided for actual equipment selection, field optimization and operation.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The material balance design method of the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system of the waste incineration power plant is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
establishing an outlet flue gas conversion concentration calculation formula according to the definition of pollutant removal efficiency in the standard;
substituting parameters of each component in the system inlet flue gas into the calculation formula of the converted concentration of the outlet flue gas, and calculating to obtain the converted concentration of pollutants in the system outlet flue gas;
carrying out assumption on flue gas parameters at the outlet of the system;
converting the converted concentration of pollutants in the system outlet flue gas into actual concentration and standard state volume according to the assumed system outlet flue gas parameters;
calculating the variation in the pollutant removal reaction process according to the actual concentration of the converted pollutant and the standard state volume;
calculating all materials of deacidification slurry in the semi-dry deacidification process according to the variable quantity;
determining the corresponding variable quantity of the smoke components with the total quantity changed in the deacidification process of the rotary spray semi-dry method according to the calculation;
calculating and checking new outlet flue gas parameters according to the variation corresponding to the varied flue gas components, if the error does not meet the set requirement, carrying out assumption on the outlet flue gas parameters again, and calculating and checking again until the error meets the set requirement, ending iterative calculation;
the system outlet flue gas parameters are assumed, specifically:
o to system outlet 2 The content and the dry smoke quantity are assumed, and the first assumption is that O of inlet smoke is adopted 2 The content and the dry smoke quantity are used as data of primary iterative calculation;
converting the converted concentration of pollutants in the flue gas at the outlet of the system into actual concentration and standard state volume, wherein the conversion is specifically carried out according to the following formula:
；
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing SO in dry flue gas of system outlet under standard state 2 Is used in the concentration of the liquid,representing SO in dry flue gas of system outlet under standard state 2 Converted concentration of->Represents O in dry flue gas of system outlet under standard state 2 The content is as follows; />Representing SO in dry flue gas of system outlet under standard state 2 Volume of->Represents the molar volume constant of the gas, < >>Representing SO 2 Molar mass of>Representing the standard state volume of the dry flue gas at the system outlet in the standard state;
；
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,indicating the actual concentration of HCI in the dry flue gas at the outlet of the system in the standard condition,the converted concentration of HCI in the dry flue gas at the outlet of the system under the standard state is represented; />Represents the volume of HCI in the dry flue gas at the outlet of the system in standard conditions, +.>Represents the molar mass of HCI;
calculating each material of the deacidification slurry in the semi-dry deacidification process according to the variable quantity comprises calculating the generation quantity or the reaction quantity, and specifically carrying out according to the following formula:
；
；
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,indicating Ca (OH) in the process of deacidification by a rotary spray semi-dry method 2 Reaction amount of->Indicating O in the deacidification process of rotary spray semi-dry method 2 Reaction amount of->Indicating H in the deacidification process of rotary spray semi-dry method 2 O production amount->Indicating the reaction amount of SO2 in the system under standard conditions, < >>Indicating the reaction amount of HCl in the system under the standard state;
checking new outlet flue gas parameters is to check O in dry flue gas of system outlet under standard state 2 Content is checked, O in dry flue gas of system outlet under standard state 2 The content is specifically carried out according to the following formula:
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,represents O in dry flue gas of system outlet under standard state 2 Content of (1)>Represents O in dry flue gas of system outlet under standard state 2 Standard state volume, +.>Representing the standard state volume of the dry flue gas at the system outlet in the standard state.
2. The method for designing the material balance of the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system of the waste incineration power plant according to claim 1, wherein the calculation formula of the converted concentration of the outlet flue gas is specifically as follows:
；
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing SO in dry flue gas of system outlet under standard state 2 Converted concentration of->Representing SO in dry flue gas of system inlet under standard state 2 Converted concentration of->Indicating the SO-removal of the system 2 The efficiency of the process is improved by the fact that,represents the reduced concentration of HCl in the dry flue gas at the outlet of the system in the standard state, < >>Represents the reduced concentration of HCl in dry flue gas at the inlet of the system in the standard state, < >>Indicating the HCl removal efficiency of the system.
3. The method for designing the material balance of the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system of the waste incineration power plant according to the claim 2, wherein the variable quantity in the pollutant removal reaction process is calculated according to the actual concentration and standard state volume of the converted pollutants, and the method is specifically carried out according to the following formula:
；
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing SO in a system under standard conditions 2 Reaction amount of->Representing SO in dry flue gas of system outlet under standard state 2 Volume of->Representing SO in dry flue gas of system inlet under standard state 2 Is defined by the volume of (2); />Indicating the reaction amount of HCl in the system under standard conditions, < >>Represents the volume of HCl in the dry flue gas at the outlet of the system in the standard state +.>The volume of HCl in the dry flue gas at the inlet of the system at standard conditions is indicated.
4. The method for designing the material balance of a rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system of a waste incineration power plant according to claim 3, wherein the calculation of each material of deacidification slurry in the semi-dry deacidification process according to the variation comprises the calculation of the input amount according to the following formula:
；
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,indicating the total Ca (OH) in the deacidified slurry fed to the system in the standard state 2 Standard state volume, +.>Represents the molar ratio of calcium acid,/->Indicating the total Ca (OH) in the deacidified slurry fed to the system in the standard state 2 Quality of (1)>Representing Ca (OH) 2 Molar mass of (c);
；
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,indicating the total H in deacidified slurry fed into the system in a standard state 2 The mass of the O is that,indicating the total H in deacidified slurry fed into the system in a standard state 2 Standard state volume of O>Represents H 2 Molar mass of O.
5. The method for designing the material balance of the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system of the waste incineration power plant according to claim 4, wherein the corresponding variable quantity of the smoke components with the total quantity changed in the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification process is determined according to the calculation, and is specifically as follows:
；
；
；
；
in the method, in the process of the invention,representing the total SO in the system 2 Variable amount of->Indicating the total HCl change in the system,/->Representing the total O in the system 2 Variable amount of->Representing the total H in the system 2 O variation.
6. The method for designing the material balance of the rotary spray semi-dry deacidification system of the waste incineration power plant according to claim 1, wherein the O of the inlet flue gas is as follows 2 The content is specifically O at the outlet of the waste heat boiler 2 The content is as follows.
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