CN115514153B

CN115514153B - Printed winding type light electromagnetic energy acquisition device

Info

Publication number: CN115514153B
Application number: CN202211249050.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李臻; 周胥; 何志祝; 王龙龙; 王康达; 金晓萍; 董昊轩; 刘传科
Original assignee: China Agricultural University
Current assignee: China Agricultural University
Priority date: 2022-10-12
Filing date: 2022-10-12
Publication date: 2024-06-21
Anticipated expiration: 2042-10-12
Also published as: CN115514153A

Abstract

The invention provides a printed winding type light electromagnetic energy acquisition device, which comprises: the mechanical acceleration unit and energy acquisition unit, the energy acquisition unit includes: the motor comprises a transmission shaft, a printed winding, a permanent magnet set and a shell. The transmission shaft is connected with the mechanical speed increasing unit; the printed winding comprises a plurality of induction coils which are arranged around the periphery of the transmission shaft, the induction coils are arranged on the PCB circuit board in a PCB printing mode, and/or the induction coils are arranged on the printing substrate in a screen printing mode; the permanent magnet group is positioned at the side part of the printed winding and is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft; the shell is configured to be fixed on external mechanical equipment, two ends of the transmission shaft are respectively connected with the shell in a rotating way, and the printed winding is fixedly connected with the shell. Therefore, the whole device has greatly reduced volume, reduced weight and higher integration level, and can be widely applied to various small and medium-sized agricultural machinery equipment.

Description

Printed winding type light electromagnetic energy acquisition device

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of wireless sensing, in particular to a printed winding type light electromagnetic energy acquisition device.

Background

With the continuous development of agricultural intelligence, more and more remote wireless detection mechanisms are applied to agricultural machinery equipment, and a large amount of electric energy is consumed in the working process of the detection mechanisms, so that the load on power supply is increased to the machinery equipment serving as a carrier, for example, a temperature sensor or a humidity sensor and the like are mounted on a tractor, and the temperature sensor or the humidity sensor and the like can effectively detect the working environment and the working condition of the tractor, but the sensor needs to consume a large amount of electric energy of the tractor in the working process. In this regard, research on energy harvesting and energy storage is under great thrust for the purpose of achieving self-powered.

In the prior art, in order to collect energy, three energy collection methods are commonly used: piezoelectric, electrostatic, electromagnetic. The electromagnetic energy collection technology has the characteristics of strong environmental adaptability, high energy collection efficiency and the like, and is widely applied to various mechanical equipment. Specifically, electromagnetic energy harvesting techniques mainly include three types: the first type is that permanent magnets are arranged in a radial magnetic flux mode, and the device has higher energy collection efficiency, but has larger whole volume, more occupied space and larger mass, and cannot be applied to small and medium-sized agricultural machinery equipment; the second type is to arrange by using permanent magnets in an axial magnetic flux mode, the devices need to adopt the circumferential arrangement of traditional copper wires, and a magnetic conductive iron core and a magnetic yoke need to be used, so that the volume and the mass are larger, and the use cost is higher; the third type is to arrange by linear cutting magnetic induction lines, and although the device has smaller volume and mass compared with the first two types, the device has lower energy collection efficiency and limited applicability. In addition, in the conventional electromagnetic energy harvesting technology, the harvested energy also needs to be configured with a corresponding energy management circuit and associated load devices, so that the integration level of the whole energy harvesting and detection device is low, and complicated wiring is required, which results in a large amount of space being required.

Therefore, the existing electromagnetic energy collection technology has the technical problems of large occupied space, large overall mass, low integration level, relatively complex structure and the like, and cannot be applied to small and medium-sized agricultural machinery equipment such as a tractor and the like.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a printed winding type light electromagnetic energy collection device, which is used for solving the defects of large occupied space, large overall mass, low integration level and relatively complex structure of magnetic energy collection equipment in the prior art and realizing the technical requirement that detection equipment on small and medium-sized agricultural machinery equipment can be self-powered.

The invention provides a printed winding type light electromagnetic energy acquisition device, which comprises: the mechanical acceleration unit can convert the motion of external mechanical equipment into circumferential rotary motion and transmit to the energy acquisition unit, wherein the energy acquisition unit comprises:

the transmission shaft is connected with the mechanical speed increasing unit and can perform circumferential rotary motion under the driving of the mechanical speed increasing unit;

The printed winding comprises a plurality of induction coils, the induction coils are arranged on the periphery of the transmission shaft in a surrounding mode, the induction coils are arranged on a PCB circuit board in a PCB printing mode, and/or the induction coils are arranged on a printing substrate in a screen printing mode;

The permanent magnet group is arranged on the peripheral side of the transmission shaft in a surrounding manner, is positioned on the side part of the printed winding, and is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft;

The shell is configured to be fixed on the external mechanical equipment, two ends of the transmission shaft are respectively connected with the shell in a rotating mode, and the printed winding is fixedly connected with the shell.

According to the printed winding type light electromagnetic energy collection device provided by the invention, the number of layers of the printed windings is at least two, at least two layers of the printed windings are stacked along the axial direction of the transmission shaft, and the induction coil on each layer of the printed windings is electrically connected with the induction coil on the adjacent printed winding.

According to the printed winding type light electromagnetic energy collection device provided by the invention, the output phase of the printed winding is provided with three phases, wherein the three phases are sequentially U-phase, V-phase and W-phase, each layer of printed winding comprises six induction coils, the six induction coils are uniformly arranged at intervals around the transmission shaft, and the six induction coils comprise: u+ and U-two induction coils which are oppositely arranged; v+ and V-two induction coils which are oppositely arranged; w+ and W-two induction coils which are oppositely arranged.

According to the printed winding type light electromagnetic energy collection device provided by the invention, one end of each of the U+, V+ and W+ induction coils is respectively formed into the three-phase output electrode in the printed winding on the top layer, the other end of each of the U+, V+ and W+ induction coils is respectively and electrically connected with one end of each of the U+, V+ and W+ induction coils in the adjacent printed winding, one ends of each of the U-, V-and W-induction coils are mutually connected, and the other ends of each of the U-, V-and W-induction coils are respectively and electrically connected with one ends of the U-, V-and W-induction coils in the adjacent printed winding;

In the printed windings at the bottom layer, one end of each of the U+ and U-two induction coils is electrically connected with each other, the other end of each of the U+ and U-two induction coils is electrically connected with one end of each of the U+ and U-two induction coils in the adjacent printed windings, one end of each of the V+ and V-two induction coils is electrically connected with one end of each of the V+ and V-two induction coils in the adjacent printed windings, one end of each of the W+ and W-two induction coils is electrically connected with each other, and the other end of each of the W+ and W-two induction coils is electrically connected with one end of each of the W+ and W-two induction coils in the adjacent printed windings.

According to the printed winding type light electromagnetic energy collection device provided by the invention, the number of the layers of the printed winding is at least three, the printed winding is positioned in the middle layer,

One end of each of the U+, V+ and W+ induction coils is electrically connected with one end of each of the U+, V+ and W+ induction coils in the adjacent one side of the printed winding, and the other end of each of the U+, V+ and W+ induction coils is electrically connected with one end of each of the U+, V+ and W+ induction coils in the adjacent other side of the printed winding;

One end of each U-, V-, W-three induction coils is electrically connected with one end of each U-, V-, W-three induction coils in the adjacent one side of the printed winding, and the other end of each U-, V-, W-three induction coils is electrically connected with one end of each U-, V-, W-three induction coils in the adjacent other side of the printed winding;

And each induction coil is constructed into a spiral winding structure, and the spiral directions of the corresponding induction coils in the adjacent two layers of printed windings are opposite.

According to the printed winding type light electromagnetic energy collection device provided by the invention, the energy collection unit further comprises:

the magnetic conductive back iron is fixedly connected with the permanent magnet group and is positioned at one side of the permanent magnet group far away from the printed winding;

the flange coupler is fixedly connected with the magnetic conductive back iron and is positioned on one side of the magnetic conductive back iron away from the permanent magnet group, and the flange coupler is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft.

According to the printed winding type light electromagnetic energy collection device provided by the invention, the number of the permanent magnet groups is two, and the two permanent magnet groups are respectively arranged at two sides of the printed winding.

According to the printed winding type light electromagnetic energy collection device provided by the invention, each permanent magnet group comprises the first permanent magnets and the second permanent magnets, the number of the first permanent magnets is the same as that of the second permanent magnets, the first permanent magnets are configured to be in an axial magnetizing direction, the second permanent magnets are configured to be in a tangential magnetizing direction, and the first permanent magnets and the second permanent magnets are alternately arranged along the circumferential direction of the transmission shaft.

According to the printed winding type light electromagnetic energy collection device provided by the invention, the mechanical speed increasing unit is constructed into a planetary gear structure, wherein the mechanical speed increasing unit comprises: the planetary gear is respectively connected with the sun gear and the gear ring through gear meshing, the output shaft is fixedly connected with the sun gear, and the output shaft can transmit the circumferential rotary motion to the transmission shaft.

According to the invention, the printed winding type light electromagnetic energy collection device further comprises:

the circuit management unit comprises a rectifying circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit and a storage circuit which are sequentially connected, and the rectifying circuit is electrically connected with the printed winding;

The wireless sensing unit is electrically connected with the circuit management unit, and is integrated with the circuit management unit on the same PCB circuit board, and the wireless sensing unit comprises one of the following components: temperature sensor, humidity sensor, wireless signal transmitter.

Therefore, the printed winding type light electromagnetic energy collection device provided by the invention can be fixedly arranged on small and medium-sized agricultural machinery equipment such as a tractor, and can convert the motion generated by a moving part on external machinery equipment into circumferential rotation motion by means of a mechanical speed increasing unit and transmit the circumferential rotation motion to an energy collection unit, and the energy collection unit generates electric energy based on the circumferential rotation motion and can be supplied to a corresponding detection mechanism.

The induction coil used for generating electric energy in the energy acquisition unit can be constructed in a PCB printing or screen printing mode, so that the volume of the whole device can be greatly reduced, the weight can be lightened, the integration level is high, and the device can be widely applied to various small and medium-sized agricultural mechanical equipment.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the invention or the technical solutions of the prior art, the following description will briefly explain the drawings used in the embodiments or the description of the prior art, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the invention, and other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a printed winding type lightweight electromagnetic energy harvesting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an energy harvesting unit in a printed winding type lightweight electromagnetic energy harvesting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a printed winding type light electromagnetic energy collecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention, when an induction coil of an energy collecting unit is disposed on a PCB circuit board by means of PCB printing, the printed winding is located on a top layer;

fig. 4 is a schematic view of a printed winding type light electromagnetic energy collecting device according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which an induction coil of an energy collecting unit is disposed on a PCB circuit board by means of PCB printing, and a printed winding is disposed on a bottom layer;

Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a structure in which an induction coil of an energy harvesting unit is manufactured by screen printing in a printed winding type lightweight electromagnetic energy harvesting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the configuration of the permanent magnet assembly in the energy harvesting unit shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the mechanical speed increasing unit in a printed winding type lightweight electromagnetic energy harvesting device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the mechanical speed increasing unit shown in FIG. 7 from yet another perspective;

fig. 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a circuit management unit in a printed winding type lightweight electromagnetic energy harvesting apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference numerals:

100. A mechanical speed increasing unit; 101. a sun gear; 102. a planet wheel; 103. a gear ring; 104. a planet carrier; 105. an input shaft; 106. an output shaft; 200. an energy harvesting unit; 210. a transmission shaft; 220. printing windings; 221. an induction coil; 230. a permanent magnet group; 231. a first permanent magnet; 232. a second permanent magnet; 240. a housing; 250. a magnetically conductive back iron; 260. a flange coupling; 271. a printing substrate; 272. a screen plate; 300. a circuit management unit; 400. and a wireless sensing unit.

Detailed Description

For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.

In one embodiment according to the present invention, there is provided a printed winding type lightweight electromagnetic energy collection device capable of being fixedly installed on a small and medium agricultural machinery such as a tractor or the like, generating electric energy through an electromagnetic induction principle based on the motion of the machinery itself, and supplying the corresponding electric energy to a detection mechanism, thereby achieving self-supply of the energy. A printed winding type lightweight electromagnetic energy harvesting device in accordance with the present invention is described below with reference to fig. 1-9.

As shown in fig. 1, the printed-winding type lightweight electromagnetic energy collection device in this embodiment includes: a mechanical acceleration unit 100, an energy harvesting unit 200, a circuit management unit 300, and a wireless sensing unit 400.

The mechanical acceleration unit 100 is connected to a moving part of an external mechanical device, and is capable of converting low-frequency vibration or low-rotation-speed rotational motion generated during movement of the moving part into high-speed and continuous circumferential rotational motion. The energy harvesting unit 200 is connected with the mechanical speed increasing unit 100, and the energy harvesting unit 200 is provided with an electromagnetic induction device capable of receiving the circumferential rotational movement transmitted by the mechanical speed increasing unit 100 and generating electric energy. The circuit management unit 300 is electrically connected to the energy harvesting unit 200, and the circuit management unit 300 is capable of receiving and storing electrical energy generated by the energy harvesting unit 200. The wireless sensing unit 400 is electrically connected with the circuit management unit 300, the wireless sensing unit 400 comprises a sensor for environmental monitoring and a wireless signal transmitter for transmitting information, and the circuit management unit 300 can supply power to the wireless sensing unit 400 so that the related sensor can monitor the environmental information of the current mechanical equipment and transmit corresponding information.

Specifically, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the energy collection unit 200 includes: drive shaft 210, printed windings 220, permanent magnet sets 230, and housing 240.

The transmission shaft 210 is connected to an output end of the mechanical speed increasing unit 100, and the transmission shaft 210 can perform circumferential rotation under the driving of the mechanical speed increasing unit 100.

The output phase of the printed winding 220 has three phases, and the printed winding 220 includes a plurality of induction coils disposed around the circumference of the transmission shaft 210, i.e., disposed around the rotation direction of the transmission shaft 210, and disposed on the PCB circuit board by way of PCB printing and/or disposed on the printing substrate 271 by way of screen printing.

As an implementation manner, each induction coil is constructed as a spiral winding structure, and the shape of the induction coil adopts a mode of combining a sector shape with a circular shape, so that the end effect of the coil is effectively reduced, and the power loss is reduced.

The permanent magnet group 230 is disposed around the circumference of the driving shaft 210 and is located at the side of the printed winding 220, and the permanent magnet group 230 is fixedly connected with the driving shaft 210. That is, the drive shaft 210 rotates to drive the permanent magnet set 230 to rotate synchronously. Wherein, the permanent magnet group 230 has N and S poles along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 210.

The housing 240 is configured to be fixed to an external mechanical device, two ends of the transmission shaft 210 are rotatably connected to the housing 240, and the printed winding 220 is fixedly connected to the housing 240. The housing 240 is fixedly arranged on the machine, whereby the housing 240 and the printed winding 220 are stationary relative to the machine.

In the present embodiment, the number of the housings 240 is two, two ends of the transmission shaft 210 are respectively rotatably connected to the two housings 240, and the printed windings 220 are fixedly connected to the housings 240.

In practical applications, the mechanical device may generate low-frequency vibration or low-rotation speed rotation of the moving parts when moving, in which case the mechanical speed increasing unit 100 may convert the low-frequency vibration or low-rotation speed rotation to obtain the circumferential rotation motion, and may output a driving force capable of the circumferential rotation motion to the energy collecting unit 200.

When the transmission shaft 210 rotates, the permanent magnet group 230 disposed at the side of the printed winding 220 rotates synchronously with the transmission shaft 210, and since the printed winding 220 is in a stationary state, a plurality of induction coils in the printed winding 220 will cut the magnetic induction lines generated by the permanent magnet group 230, and induction currents will be generated in the induction coils, which can be transmitted to the circuit management unit 300, and then the circuit management unit 300 supplies the acquired electric energy to the wireless sensing unit 400, so that the wireless sensing unit 400 can work normally. Thus, the wireless sensing unit 400 can be effectively operated without an external power source.

Compared with the traditional electromagnetic energy-taking structure, the induction coil is arranged on the PCB board in the PCB printing mode or on the printing substrate in the screen printing mode, so that the whole electromagnetic power generation structure can be highly integrated, and the whole electromagnetic energy-taking device has the characteristics of small volume, light weight and high integration level.

It can be understood that the working principle of the energy collection unit 200 in this embodiment is mainly based on faraday's law of electromagnetic induction.

Illustratively, when the drive shaft 210 is in an initial state of non-rotation, the interaction area of the induction coil with the permanent magnet group in the axial magnetizing direction is the largest, and at this time, the induction coil is at a position of the maximum magnetic flux, but no induction current is generated in the induction coil because the magnetic flux is not changed. As the driving shaft 210 drives the permanent magnet set 230 to rotate, the induction coil at a fixed position relatively cuts the magnetic induction line, the interaction area between the permanent magnet set 230 and the induction coil is reduced, the magnetic flux passing through the induction coil changes, and the induction current is generated in the induction coil. As the drive shaft 210 continues to rotate, the permanent magnet assembly 230 continues to approach the adjacent induction coil of the other phase and the interaction area with the induction coil increases gradually, and the magnetic flux through the induction coil increases, and an induced current opposite to the former is generated in the induction coil. With the continuous rotation of the permanent magnet group, the induction current can be continuously generated in the induction coil.

The expression of the induced electromotive force generated according to faraday's law of electromagnetic induction is:

In the above formula, E is the induced electromotive force generated by the induction coil, phi is the total magnetic flux passing through the coil, t is the time, B is the strength of the magnetic field, S is the equivalent area of the induction coil in the magnetic field, and θ is the included angle of the coil and the magnetic field where the coil is located.

It will be appreciated that the magnetic flux that a single turn induction coil can generate in a magnetic field is:

φ＝∫dφ＝∫B·dS，

Assuming that the number of turns of the induction coils is n and the magnetic flux through each induction coil is equal, the induced electromotive force generated by the loop consisting of n turns of induction coils is:

further, the number of layers of the printed windings 220 is at least two, at least two layers of the printed windings 220 are stacked along the axial direction of the transmission shaft 210, and the induction coil on each layer of the printed windings 220 is electrically connected with the induction coil on the adjacent printed winding 220. It will be appreciated that the induction coils on the printed windings 220 of adjacent layers may be connected in series or in parallel.

In this embodiment, each layer of printed windings 220 includes six induction coils, which are uniformly spaced around the drive shaft 210, and each induction coil has a plane perpendicular to the axial direction of the drive shaft. The three phases output by the printed winding 220 are sequentially U-phase, V-phase, W-phase, and the six induction coils include: u+ and U-two induction coils which are oppositely arranged; v+ and V-two induction coils which are oppositely arranged; w+ and W-two induction coils which are oppositely arranged.

Also, in the circumferential direction of the transmission shaft 210, the u+, v+, w+, U-, V-, W-six induction coils on each layer of the printed windings 220 are respectively disposed at the same position, for example, the u+ induction coil on each layer of the printed windings 220 is at the same position in the circumferential direction of the transmission shaft 210. Meanwhile, the U+, V+, W+, U-, V-, W-six induction coils on each layer of printed winding can be electrically connected with the U+, V+, W+, U-, V-, W-six induction coils on the adjacent printed windings in a one-to-one correspondence. For example, the u+ induction coils on one layer of printed windings can be correspondingly electrically connected to the u+ induction coils on the adjacent printed windings 220.

In this embodiment, the induction coils on the printed windings 220 of adjacent layers are connected in series. The number of turns can be increased through the mode, the output phase voltage can be improved, and then the overall power output is improved.

As shown in fig. 3 and 4, in the circumferential direction of the drive shaft 210, u+, v+, w+, U-, V-, W-six induction coils are sequentially arranged at intervals. The output ends of the three induction coils U+, V+ and W+ respectively form three output electrodes. In addition, each printed winding is also provided with a through hole, and induction coils positioned at the same position on adjacent printed windings are electrically connected through the through holes.

In the multilayer printed winding, as shown in fig. 3, in the printed winding 220 located at the top layer, one end of each of the three induction coils u+, v+, w+ is formed as a three-phase output electrode, the other end of each of the three induction coils u+, v+, w+ is electrically connected to one end of each of the three induction coils u+, v+, w+ in the adjacent printed winding 220 through a via hole, one ends of each of the three induction coils U-, V-, W-are connected to each other, and the other ends of each of the three induction coils U-, V-, W-are electrically connected to one ends of the three induction coils U-, V-, W-in the adjacent printed winding 220 through via holes.

As shown in fig. 4, in the printed windings 220 at the bottom layer, one ends of the u+, U-two induction coils are electrically connected to each other, the other ends of the u+, U-two induction coils are electrically connected to one ends of the u+, U-two induction coils in the adjacent printed windings 220 respectively through vias, one ends of the v+, V-two induction coils are electrically connected to each other, the other ends of the v+, V-two induction coils are electrically connected to one ends of the v+, V-two induction coils in the adjacent printed windings 220 respectively through vias, one ends of the w+, W-two induction coils are electrically connected to each other, and the other ends of the w+, W-two induction coils are electrically connected to one ends of the w+, W-two induction coils in the adjacent printed windings 220 respectively through vias.

Further, when the number of layers of the printed windings 220 is at least three, one end of the u+, v+, w+ three induction coils is electrically connected to one end of the u+, v+, w+ three induction coils in the printed winding 220 on the adjacent side through the via hole, the other end of the u+, v+, w+ three induction coils is electrically connected to one end of the u+, v+, w+ three induction coils in the printed winding 220 on the adjacent side through the via hole, one end of the U-, V-, W-three induction coils is electrically connected to one end of the U-, V-, W-three induction coils in the printed winding 220 on the adjacent side, and the other end of the U-, V-, W-three induction coils is electrically connected to one end of the U-, V-, W-three induction coils in the printed winding 220 on the adjacent side.

And, each induction coil is constructed in a spiral wound structure, and the spiral directions of the corresponding induction coils in the printed windings 220 of the adjacent two layers are opposite. For example, for the printed windings of the intermediate layer, one end of the u+ induction coil disposed thereon is electrically connected to one end of the u+ induction coil in the printed winding 220 of the adjacent side through a via hole, and the other end of the u+ induction coil is electrically connected to one end of the u+ induction coil in the printed winding 220 of the adjacent side through a via hole.

That is, in the present embodiment, the same induction coils on the multilayer printed winding 220 are connected in series with each other. Taking two types of U+ and U-induction coils as examples, all U+ induction coils on the printed windings 220 are connected in series, wherein one end of the U+ induction coil at the uppermost layer is U-phase output, the U+ induction coils at the uppermost layer, the middle layer and the U+ induction coil at the lowermost layer are sequentially connected in series in an end-to-end mode, the U+ coil at the lowermost layer is connected with the U-coil, then the U-coils at the lowermost layer, the middle layer and the U-coil at the uppermost layer are sequentially connected in series in an end-to-end mode, and meanwhile one end of the U-induction coil at the uppermost layer is connected with one end of the V-induction coil and one end of the W-induction coil. The connection modes of the V+, V-induction coils and the W+, W-induction coils are the same as the connection modes of the U+, U-induction coils, and are not described herein.

It will be appreciated that in order to ensure that the direction of current flow generated in the induction coils is consistent, the spiral directions of two induction coils electrically connected to each other on adjacent printed windings 220 are opposite.

For example, when the number of layers of the printed winding 220 is 12, 12 vias may be disposed for each induction coil on a single layer of the printed winding 220, and since the induction coil is in a spiral wound structure, 6 vias may be located at the center of the spiral and the other 6 vias may be located at the outer side of the spiral. Thus, the two induction coils that need to be electrically connected can be electrically connected through the via hole at the same position.

In addition, the induction coils of the multi-layer printed winding 220 may be connected in parallel. As an implementation manner, one end of each of the three induction coils u+, v+ and w+ on each layer of printed winding 220 is formed into three-phase output electrodes, all the same output electrodes are connected together, the other ends of each of the three induction coils u+, v+ and w+ are connected with one end of each of the three induction coils U-, V-, and W-, one-to-one, and the other ends of each of the three induction coils U-, V-, and W-are connected with each other. For example, for one layer of printed windings, one end of the U+ induction coil is formed as an output electrode of a U phase, the other end of the U+ induction coil is connected with one end of the U-induction coil, and the other end of the U-induction coil is connected with one ends of the V-, W-induction coils.

At this time, the number of turns cannot be increased by adopting a parallel connection mode, but only the current can be increased by reducing the internal resistance value of each induction coil, so that the overall power output is increased.

In order to effectively fix the permanent magnet group 230, in the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the energy harvesting unit 200 further includes: a magnetic back iron 250 and a flange coupling 260.

The magnetic conductive back iron 250 is fixedly connected with the permanent magnet group 230 and is positioned at one side of the permanent magnet group 230 away from the printed winding 220; the flange coupling 260 is fixedly connected with the magnetic back iron 250 and is positioned at one side of the magnetic back iron 250 away from the permanent magnet group 230, and the flange coupling 260 is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft 210. Illustratively, the magnetically conductive back iron may be made of high-permeability silicon steel or amorphous alloy.

In the present embodiment, the number of permanent magnet groups 230 is two, and the two permanent magnet groups 230 are disposed on both sides of the printed winding 220, respectively. That is, as shown in fig. 2, a permanent magnet group 230, a magnetically conductive back iron 250, and a flange coupling 260 are sequentially provided on both sides of the printed winding 220, respectively, and the transmission shaft 210 is interposed between these components.

Further, in order to protect the various components in the energy harvesting unit 200, an accommodating space is formed inside the housing 240, which can at least partially accommodate the printed windings 220, the permanent magnet sets 230, the magnetically conductive back iron 250, the flange coupling 260.

In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the number of the housings 240 is two, the two housings 240 are in butt joint with each other and fixedly connected, and a receiving space is formed between the two housings 240, and the printed windings 220, the permanent magnet group 230, the magnetically conductive back iron 250, and the flange coupling 260 are all disposed in the receiving space.

Illustratively, the drive shaft 210 may be coupled to the housing 240 by a deep groove ball bearing.

The transmission shaft 210 is inserted into the flange coupling 260, the axis of the flange coupling 260 is coincident with the axis of the transmission shaft 210, the flange coupling 260 can be fixedly connected with the transmission shaft 210 through fastening bolts, and meanwhile, the flange coupling 260 can be fixedly connected with the magnetic conductive back iron 250 through fastening bolts so as to effectively limit the movement of the magnetic conductive back iron 250 in the axial direction of the transmission shaft 210.

As one implementation, the permanent magnet sets 230 may be secured to the surface of the magnetically permeable back iron 250 by a metal glue.

For example, when the induction coil is disposed on a PCB circuit board, the printed winding 220 may be fixedly connected with the housing 240 through bolts based on the PCB circuit board so as to efficiently locate the induction coil. When the induction coil is arranged on the PCB in a PCB printing mode, the characteristics of light weight and small size of the PCB can be fully utilized, and the occupied space of the whole energy acquisition unit can be effectively reduced.

When the induction coil is provided on the printing substrate 271 by screen printing, a corresponding technical effect can also be achieved.

Specifically, the following components are required to be used in the manufacturing process using screen printing: screen plate 272, squeegee, conductive ink, conductive copper paste.

In this manufacturing process, as shown in fig. 5, the screen plate 272 and the printing substrate 271 are fixedly connected with each other by a sticker, and the conductive copper paste is printed on the printing substrate 271 by the screen plate 272 and the squeegee, and then the conductive copper paste is cured to form a conductive coil after vacuum heating treatment. Thus, multiple sets of conductive coils are fabricated using the same process.

Further, the multilayer printed board 271 may be insulated from each other by an FR4 material. Meanwhile, the conductive coil may lead out the conductive electrode, and the conductive electrode on the multi-layer printed substrate 271 may be connected in series by injecting copper paste into the via hole.

Optionally, the method comprises the step of. The conductive copper paste includes, but is not limited to, copper liquid metal, and may also include various materials with excellent conductive properties, such as silver, alloy, and the like.

In an alternative embodiment, in order to increase the surface magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet groups 230, both permanent magnet groups 230 may be arranged in a halbach array in which axial magnetic flux and tangential magnetic flux are alternately arranged.

Specifically, each permanent magnet group 230 includes first permanent magnets 231 and second permanent magnets 232, the number of the first permanent magnets 231 and the number of the second permanent magnets 232 are the same, the first permanent magnets 231 are configured in an axial magnetizing direction, the second permanent magnets 232 are configured in a tangential magnetizing direction, and the first permanent magnets 231 and the second permanent magnets 232 are alternately arranged in a circumferential direction of the drive shaft.

Alternatively, both the first permanent magnet 231 and the second permanent magnet 232 may be made of neodymium-iron-boron sintered material, and the single piece permanent magnet has a surface magnetic field strength of about 0.3 tesla.

Illustratively, as shown in fig. 6, the permanent magnet group 230 includes 8 first permanent magnets 231 in the axial magnetizing direction and 8 second permanent magnets 232 in the tangential magnetizing direction, which are alternately arranged in the circumferential direction of the drive shaft 210.

In the energy collection unit 200, the first permanent magnet 231 in the axial magnetizing direction is a main magnetic pole, that is, an acting magnetic pole of the induction coil cutting magnetic induction line, and the second permanent magnet 232 in the tangential magnetizing direction is an auxiliary magnetic pole, which can enhance the surface magnetic field strength of the main magnetic pole, and under the effect of the auxiliary magnetic pole, the surface magnetic field strength of the single main magnetic pole can reach 0.6 tesla after being enhanced.

The printed winding type light electromagnetic energy collecting device can be arranged on a tractor, and the mechanical speed increasing unit 100 can convert low-amplitude swing of a front axle of the tractor into continuous and stable periodic reciprocating rotary motion.

As shown in fig. 7 and 8, in the present embodiment, the mechanical speed increasing unit 100 is constructed in a planetary gear structure, wherein the mechanical speed increasing unit 100 includes: sun gear 101, planet gears 102, ring gear 103, planet carrier 104, input shaft 105 and output shaft 106.

The input shaft 105 is configured to be connected to an external mechanical device, the input shaft 105 is fixedly connected to the planet carrier 104, the planet carrier 104 is fixedly connected to the planet wheel 102, the planet wheel 102 is respectively connected to the sun wheel 101 and the gear ring 103 through gear engagement, the output shaft 106 is fixedly connected to the sun wheel 101, and the output shaft 106 is capable of transmitting a circumferential rotation motion to the transmission shaft 210.

In practical applications, the input shaft 105 of the mechanical speed increasing unit 100 may be connected to the central hole of the front axle of the tractor by means of a threaded connection or the like, and the low-frequency reciprocating swing motion generated during the movement of the front axle of the tractor may be transmitted to the input shaft 105 of the mechanical speed increasing unit 100. Thereafter, under acceleration of the planetary gear structure, the output shaft 106 of the mechanical speed increasing unit 100 is able to generate a continuous and stable periodic reciprocating rotational motion.

Accordingly, the output shaft 106 of the mechanical speed increasing unit 100 may be connected with the drive shaft 210 of the energy harvesting unit 200 through a flexible coupling, such that the drive shaft 210 is capable of continuous and stable periodic reciprocating rotational movement. Thus, during rotation of the drive shaft 210, the energy harvesting unit 200 is able to generate continuous and stable electrical energy based on the relative movement between the permanent magnet sets 230 and the printed windings 220.

As shown in fig. 9, the circuit management unit 300 includes a rectifying circuit, a voltage stabilizing circuit, and a tank circuit, which are sequentially connected, and the rectifying circuit is electrically connected with the printed winding 220.

The U-phase, V-phase and W-phase output by the printed winding 220 are connected to two ends of the circuit through diodes D1, D2 and D3 arranged in the same direction respectively to form a rectifying circuit, a capacitor C1 is arranged between the two ends of the circuit to form a voltage stabilizing circuit, and then generated electric energy is transmitted to the DC-DC module and the capacitor C2 to form an energy storage circuit.

It will be appreciated that the above-described structure is merely exemplary, and that in practical applications, the circuit management unit 300 may be further configured according to specific requirements.

The wireless sensing unit 400 is electrically connected with the circuit management unit 300, and the wireless sensing unit 400 may be integrated on the same PCB circuit board as the circuit management unit 300, the wireless sensing unit 400 including one of: temperature sensor, humidity sensor, wireless signal transmitter. The wireless signal transmitter may be, for example, a bluetooth transmission device.

For example, in actual use, when the wireless sensing unit 400 includes a temperature sensor and a wireless signal transmitter, after mechanical energy generated by the mechanical device in motion is converted into electrical energy by the energy collecting unit 200, the corresponding electrical energy is supplied to the temperature sensor and the wireless signal transmitter, the temperature sensor can timely detect the temperature state of the environment where the current mechanical device is located, and the wireless signal transmitter can send corresponding temperature information to the terminal server.

Alternatively, when a plurality of induction coils in the printed winding 220 are disposed on a PCB circuit board by way of PCB printing, the circuit management unit 300 may be integrated with the plurality of induction coils on the same PCB circuit board.

It can be seen that the printed winding type light electromagnetic energy collection device in this embodiment has the following advantages:

(1) Compact structure and portable device. The printed winding in the embodiment is manufactured by adopting a PCB printing mode or a screen printing mode, and compared with the prior art, the design of a magnetic conductive iron core is canceled, the axial volume of the device is effectively reduced, and the weight of the device is reduced. The whole device is regular in shape and easy to process and assemble.

(2) And the integration level is high. The mode of adopting the multiply wood array can increase the coil turns, has compensatied the lower defect of individual layer board energy recuperation effect, has greatly promoted induction coil's integrated level simultaneously, can guarantee to obtain maximum energy efficiency when taking less space. In addition, the advantage of PCB board processing can also be utilized, the back-end energy management circuit and the application circuit can be integrated at the back end of the induction coil, and the redundant and complicated circuit arrangement is avoided.

(3) The adaptability is wide. The mechanical speed increasing unit in the device can convert low-frequency vibration or low-rotation-speed rotary motion into high-speed continuous circumferential rotary motion, can effectively convert mechanical energy into electric energy, and can be applied to small and medium-sized agricultural mechanical equipment such as a tractor.

The apparatus embodiments described above are merely illustrative, wherein the elements illustrated as separate elements may or may not be physically separate, and the elements shown as elements may or may not be physical elements, may be located in one place, or may be distributed over a plurality of network elements. Some or all of the modules may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment. Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand and implement the present invention without undue burden.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, and are not limiting; although the invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A printed winding type lightweight electromagnetic energy collection device, comprising: the mechanical acceleration unit can convert the motion of external mechanical equipment into circumferential rotary motion and transmit to the energy acquisition unit, wherein the energy acquisition unit comprises:

The shell is configured to be fixed on the external mechanical equipment, two ends of the transmission shaft are respectively and rotatably connected with the shell, and the printed winding is fixedly connected with the shell;

The number of layers of the printed windings is at least two, at least two layers of the printed windings are stacked along the axial direction of the transmission shaft, and the induction coil on each layer of the printed windings is electrically connected with the induction coil on the adjacent printed winding;

The output phase of printed winding has the three-phase, the three-phase is U phase, V phase, W phase in proper order, every layer printed winding all includes six induction coil, six induction coil encircles the even interval setting of transmission shaft, six induction coil includes: u+ and U-two induction coils which are oppositely arranged; v+ and V-two induction coils which are oppositely arranged; w+ and W-two induction coils which are oppositely arranged.

2. The printed winding type light electromagnetic energy collection device according to claim 1, wherein in the printed winding on the top layer, one end of each of the u+, v+, w+ induction coils is formed as the three-phase output electrode, the other end of each of the u+, v+, w+ induction coils is electrically connected with one end of each of the u+, v+, w+ induction coils in the adjacent printed winding, one end of each of the U-, V-, W-induction coils is connected with each other, and the other end of each of the U-, V-, W-induction coils is electrically connected with one end of each of the U-, V-, W-induction coils in the adjacent printed winding;

3. The printed winding type light-weight electromagnetic energy collection device according to claim 2, wherein the number of layers of the printed winding is at least three, and is positioned in the printed winding of the middle layer,

4. The printed winding lightweight electromagnetic energy harvesting device of claim 1, wherein the energy harvesting unit further comprises:

5. The printed winding type light-weight electromagnetic energy collection device according to claim 4, wherein the number of the permanent magnet groups is two, and the two permanent magnet groups are respectively arranged at two sides of the printed winding.

6. The printed winding type light-weight electromagnetic energy collection device according to claim 1, wherein each of the permanent magnet groups includes a first permanent magnet and a second permanent magnet, the number of the first permanent magnets is the same as the number of the second permanent magnets, the first permanent magnets are configured in an axial magnetizing direction, the second permanent magnets are configured in a tangential magnetizing direction, and the first permanent magnets and the second permanent magnets are alternately arranged along a circumferential direction of the transmission shaft.

7. The printed winding lightweight electromagnetic energy harvesting device of claim 1, wherein the mechanical speed increasing unit is configured as a planetary gear structure, wherein the mechanical speed increasing unit comprises: the planetary gear is respectively connected with the sun gear and the gear ring through gear meshing, the output shaft is fixedly connected with the sun gear, and the output shaft can transmit the circumferential rotary motion to the transmission shaft.

8. The printed winding lightweight electromagnetic energy harvesting apparatus of claim 1, further comprising: