CN115508679A - GIS equipment breakdown fault positioning system and method based on transient magnetic field - Google Patents
GIS equipment breakdown fault positioning system and method based on transient magnetic field Download PDFInfo
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- G01R31/12—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing
- G01R31/1227—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials
- G01R31/1254—Testing dielectric strength or breakdown voltage ; Testing or monitoring effectiveness or level of insulation, e.g. of a cable or of an apparatus, for example using partial discharge measurements; Electrostatic testing of components, parts or materials of gas-insulated power appliances or vacuum gaps
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Abstract
The invention relates to a transient magnetic field-based GIS equipment breakdown fault positioning system and method, wherein the system comprises: the magnetic field sensing devices are used for detecting transient magnetic field signals generated during breakdown faults, and storing and transmitting the transient magnetic field signals exceeding a threshold value; the wireless signal relay device is used for receiving and collecting the transient magnetic field signals transmitted by the magnetic field sensing device and outputting the transient magnetic field signals; the data processing server is used for receiving and analyzing the transient magnetic field signal, judging the position of the breakdown fault, and displaying the detected data and the judgment result; a plurality of magnetic field sensing devices are dispersedly placed on the surface of the GIS equipment; the wireless signal relay device is connected with the data processing server through a network cable; the magnetic field sensing device and the wireless signal relay device transmit transient magnetic field signals in a wireless mode. Compared with the prior art, the method has the advantages of accurate positioning of the breakdown fault position, low cost, strong anti-interference capability and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of GIS equipment fault positioning, in particular to a GIS equipment breakdown fault positioning system and method based on a transient magnetic field.
Background
Gas-insulated metal-enclosed switchgear (GIS) has the characteristics of small floor area, small interference from external environment, long overhaul period, small operation and maintenance workload and the like, and the loading amount of the GIS in a power system is continuously increased. However, there are many factors causing internal insulation defects in the transportation and installation processes of the GIS equipment, and the ac withstand voltage test is a necessary test item for checking whether the insulation performance of the GIS equipment is good before handover and commissioning of the GIS equipment, which is specified in GB 50150-2016 "handover test standard for electrical equipment in electrical device installation engineering", and verifying whether various potential faults exist.
In field practice, when GIS equipment has internal defects and discharge breakdown occurs in an alternating current withstand voltage test, breakdown is completed instantly, and due to the fact that breakdown energy is low, decomposition products generated in the equipment are few, and an existing decomposition product detecting instrument cannot detect abnormal decomposition products. If a breakdown fault positioning device is not adopted, in order to search a fault gas chamber, a method of changing a wiring mode of GIS equipment for many times and repeatedly carrying out a withstand voltage test is often adopted. Although the method can search for the fault gas chamber under certain conditions, the circuit breaker and the disconnecting switch need to be repeatedly operated for many times when the wiring mode of the GIS equipment is changed, time and labor are wasted, and the insulation performance of other fault-free gas chambers is extremely unfavorable through multiple withstand voltage tests, and even damage can be caused; meanwhile, the method is sometimes difficult to work due to the structural design, installation and arrangement of the GIS equipment and the influence of fault positions.
At present, a breakdown fault positioning device in a GIS equipment alternating current voltage withstand test mainly adopts an ultrasonic positioning principle. The existing GIS equipment ultrasonic breakdown positioning system adopts a wired or wireless transmission mode, and signals acquired by an ultrasonic sensor are accessed into an oscilloscope through a signal processing unit to be displayed or corresponding central processing equipment to be processed and analyzed.
However, the ultrasonic breakdown positioning device has the problems that the device is easily interfered by external sound and vibration and the characteristics of the ultrasonic sensor have large difference, so that the ultrasonic breakdown positioning device has the problem of low reliability in the actual use of a field alternating current voltage withstand test.
Therefore, how to realize that when the GIS alternating current voltage withstand test breaks down the fault, the fault discharge air chamber is accurately positioned without being interfered by the outside, and the technical problem to be solved is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a GIS equipment breakdown fault positioning system and method based on a transient magnetic field.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
a GIS equipment breakdown fault positioning system based on a transient magnetic field is used for positioning the breakdown fault position of an alternating current withstand voltage test of the GIS equipment, and the system comprises:
the magnetic field sensing devices are used for detecting transient magnetic field signals generated during breakdown faults, and storing and transmitting the transient magnetic field signals exceeding a threshold value;
the wireless signal relay device is used for receiving and collecting the transient magnetic field signals transmitted by the magnetic field sensing device and outputting the transient magnetic field signals;
the data processing server is used for receiving and analyzing the transient magnetic field signal output by the wireless signal relay device, judging the position of the breakdown fault, and displaying the detected data and the judgment result through a human-computer interaction interface;
a plurality of magnetic field sensing devices are dispersedly placed on the surface of the GIS equipment; the wireless signal relay device is connected with the data processing server through a network cable; the magnetic field sensing device and the wireless signal relay device transmit transient magnetic field signals in a wireless mode.
Furthermore, the magnetic field sensing device comprises an integrally designed magnetic field sensor, a signal processing unit, a data acquisition unit, a main control chip, a data storage module, a power supply module and a WIFI communication module; the magnetic field sensor is connected with the signal processing unit; the signal processing unit is connected with the data acquisition unit; the data acquisition unit is connected with the main control chip; the main control chip is respectively connected with the data storage module, the power supply module and the WIFI communication module.
Furthermore, the magnetic field sensor is a three-dimensional omnidirectional sensor and is used for measuring the magnetic field intensity on an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis in a set magnetic field frequency range in real time, and the shell of the magnetic field sensing device is marked with an X axis positive direction, a Y axis positive direction and a Z axis positive direction by taking the three-dimensional coordinate of the magnetic field sensor as a reference; the signal processing unit is used for amplifying and filtering signals and filtering low-frequency and high-frequency interference signals outside a set magnetic field frequency range; the data acquisition unit is used for realizing digital sampling of the magnetic field intensity analog signal; the main control chip is used for controlling the whole data acquisition process, storing data results in the magnetic field sensing device in real time and transmitting data according to the instruction of the data processing server; the data storage module is used for the data is stored in cooperation with the main control chip; the power supply module is used for supplying power to the magnetic field sensing device; the WIFI communication module is used for communicating with the wireless signal relay device, uploading data to the data processing server, and transmitting instructions of the data processing server to the magnetic field sensing device.
Furthermore, the frequency measuring range of the magnetic field sensor covers 100kHz-100MHz.
Further, the maximum sampling frequency of the digital sampling is 100MHz.
Furthermore, the main control chip is a high-performance embedded main control chip; the main control chip comprises an embedded program; the embedded program comprises a data acquisition program, a control instruction program and a data storage program.
Furthermore, the WIFI communication module is also used for synchronizing the magnetic field sensing devices through wireless signals, so that the plurality of magnetic field sensing devices can trigger the sampling process at the same time.
A method for adopting the transient magnetic field-based GIS equipment breakdown fault positioning system comprises the following steps:
1) Starting the magnetic field sensing device, the wireless signal relay device and the data processing server, completing clock synchronization, starting testing, and executing the step 2);
2) The magnetic field sensor detects magnetic field intensity signals in space in real time, after the signals pass through the signal processing unit, the signals are continuously and digitally acquired by the data acquisition unit and are temporarily stored in an internal memory of the main control chip in a data stream mode, and step 3) is executed;
3) The main control chip judges the signal amplitude in real time, if the magnetic field signal amplitude does not exceed the threshold, whether the withstand voltage test is finished or not is judged, if not, the step 2) is executed, and if so, the step 5) is executed; if the amplitude of the magnetic field signal exceeds the threshold value, executing the step 4);
4) The main control chip starts a data storage process, stores a data stream signal into a data storage module and executes the step 5);
5) The data processing server reads the data stored in each magnetic field sensing device through the wireless signal relay device;
6) After receiving the data, the data processing server calculates the direction of the magnetic field vector according to the detection values in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, and then judges the breakdown fault position according to the set judgment logic.
Further, the threshold value is set to be 100-1000 times of the intensity of the ambient magnetic field.
Further, the judgment logic is: the breakdown fault position is positioned between two adjacent magnetic field sensing devices with the included angle of the magnetic field vectors larger than 90 degrees, and the absolute values of the magnetic field strengths detected by the adjacent magnetic field sensing devices on two sides of the breakdown fault position are obviously different.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the method can effectively acquire the transient magnetic field signal generated when the alternating current withstand voltage test of the GIS breaks down the fault, and can accurately position the fault discharge air chamber. And when breakdown fault occurs, the value of transient current usually reaches thousands of times of normal test current, and the peak current at least reaches thousands of amperes, so the threshold value of the invention can be set to 100-1000 times of the environmental magnetic field intensity, and the anti-interference capability is very strong.
2. According to the method for detecting the magnetic field change generated by the fault current by adopting the magnetic field sensor, a plurality of magnetic field sensing devices are directly and dispersedly placed on the surface of or nearby GIS equipment without smearing a coupling agent or installing, the magnetic field sensing devices are integrated with the magnetic field sensor, a signal processing unit, a data acquisition unit, a main control chip, a data storage module, a power supply module and a WIFI communication module, and all the modules are integrally designed and integrally assembled, so that the transportation, the storage and the use are facilitated.
3. The magnetic field sensing device of the invention supplies power through the built-in power supply module, can avoid the trouble of wiring of a field power line, and also reduces interference signals brought by a power supply or a grounding system.
4. The data acquisition unit automatically triggers the acquisition strategy of data storage only after the amplitude of the magnetic field signal exceeds the threshold, reduces the capacity and the wireless transmission data quantity required by a system data storage module, and reduces the system cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a magnetic field sensing device according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic flow chart of the method of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of transient current during breakdown fault according to the present invention.
The numbers in the figures indicate:
1. the device comprises a magnetic field sensing device, a wireless signal relay device, a data processing server, a GIS device, a magnetic field sensor, a signal processing unit, a data acquisition unit, a main control chip, a data storage module, a power supply module, a WIFI communication module and a data processing unit, wherein the data processing unit comprises a data acquisition unit, a data storage module, a power supply module and a WIFI communication module.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and specific embodiments. The present embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process are given, but the scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.
Examples
When the alternating-current withstand voltage test of the GIS equipment is normally carried out, the test current in the conductor of the GIS equipment 4 is generally about 1-10A, when breakdown fault occurs in the withstand voltage process, the high-voltage part of the system discharges to the ground, the transient current generally reaches thousands of amperes to tens of thousands of amperes, the frequency of the transient current is generally at megahertz level, and the duration time is microsecond to millisecond level. The transient current generates a transient magnetic field, the magnetic field intensity is in direct proportion to the current I and in inverse proportion to the distance R, namely the larger the current is, the stronger the magnetic field is; the closer to the current, the stronger the magnetic strength.
The invention realizes the accurate positioning of the breakdown fault position by using the transient magnetic field generated by the transient current when the breakdown fault is detected.
As shown in fig. 1, a breakdown fault location system of GIS equipment based on a transient magnetic field is used for locating a breakdown fault location of a ac voltage withstand test of GIS equipment 4, and the system includes:
the magnetic field sensing devices 1 are dispersedly arranged on the surface of the GIS equipment 4 and used for detecting transient magnetic field signals generated during breakdown faults, storing the signals exceeding a threshold value and transmitting data to the wireless signal relay device 2 in a wireless mode;
the wireless signal relay device 2 is used for carrying out data transmission with all the magnetic field sensing devices 1 in a wireless mode, and receiving and collecting signals uploaded by all the magnetic field sensing devices 1; the data processing system is connected with the data processing server 3 in a network cable or optical fiber mode and transmits signals;
and the data processing server 3 is used for analyzing the magnetic field intensity signal acquired by the system, judging the breakdown fault position and displaying the detected data and the judgment result through a human-computer interaction interface.
As shown in fig. 2, the magnetic field sensing device 1 includes an integrally designed magnetic field sensor 5, a signal processing unit 6, a data collector 7, a main control chip 8, a data storage module 9, a power module 10 and a WIFI communication module 11, and is integrally assembled as an integral unit, so as to be convenient for transportation, storage and field use.
The magnetic field sensor 5 is a three-dimensional omnidirectional sensor, can measure the magnetic field intensity on an X axis, a Y axis and a Z axis in real time, and the measuring range of the magnetic field frequency covers 100kHz-100MHz; the housing of the magnetic field sensing device 1 is marked with the positive X-axis direction, the positive Y-axis direction, and the positive Z-axis direction with the three-dimensional coordinates of the magnetic field sensor 5 as a reference.
The signal processing unit 6 is mainly used for amplifying and filtering signals and filtering low-frequency and high-frequency interference signals out of the frequency range of 100KHz-100MHz.
The data acquisition unit 7 realizes digital sampling of magnetic field intensity analog signals, and the highest sampling frequency is 100MHz.
The main control chip 8 is a high-performance embedded main control chip arranged in the magnetic field sensing device 1, and the embedded program mainly comprises a data acquisition program, a control instruction program, a data storage program and the like; the main control chip controls 8 the whole data acquisition process, stores the data result in the magnetic field sensing device 1 in real time, and transmits the data according to the instruction of the data processing server 3.
The data storage module 9 is used for storing the detection data in cooperation with the main control chip 8.
The power module 10 supplies power to the magnetic field sensing device 1, and the built-in rechargeable battery is used for supplying power to avoid the trouble of wiring of a field power line, and meanwhile, the magnetic field sensing device 1 is kept isolated from a grounding loop and a power loop, so that the working reliability of the device is prevented from being influenced by mutual coupling capacitance and inductance.
The WIFI communication module 11 is used for communicating with the wireless signal relay device 2, uploading detection data to the data processing server 3, and transmitting instructions of the data processing server 3 to each magnetic field sensing device 1; the WIFI communication module 11 synchronizes the magnetic field sensing devices 1 through wireless signals, so that the magnetic field sensing devices 1 can trigger a sampling process at the same time, the synchronism of data acquisition channels is ensured, and data can be compared and analyzed conveniently.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the method for breakdown fault location system by using the transient magnetic field-based GIS withstand voltage test includes the following steps:
1) Starting the magnetic field sensing device 1, the wireless signal relay device 2 and the data processing server 3, completing clock synchronization, starting testing, and executing the step 2); at this time, the main control chip 8 in the magnetic field sensing device 1 controls the relevant modules to continuously work;
2) The magnetic field sensor 5 detects a magnetic field intensity signal in space in real time, after the signal passes through the signal processing unit 6, the signal is continuously and digitally acquired by the data acquisition unit 7 and is temporarily stored in an internal memory of the main control chip 8 in a data stream mode, and the step 3) is executed;
3) The main control chip 8 judges the signal amplitude in real time, if the magnetic field signal amplitude does not exceed the threshold, whether the withstand voltage test is finished or not is judged, if not, the step 2) is executed, and if so, the step 5) is executed; if the amplitude of the magnetic field signal exceeds the threshold value, executing the step 4); when breakdown occurs, the value of the transient current usually reaches thousands of times of the normal test current, and the peak current at least reaches thousands of amperes, so that the threshold value is generally set to be 100-1000 times of the environmental magnetic field intensity, and the anti-interference capability is very strong;
4) The main control chip 8 starts a data storage process, stores a data stream signal into the data storage module 9, and executes the step 5); the system adopts an acquisition strategy of triggering storage, the data acquisition unit 7 continuously acquires data, but only starts the data storage function when the signal amplitude is greater than a set threshold value, so that the system finally obtains an effective data result, and the system storage and data transmission pressure is reduced;
5) The data processing server reads the data stored in each magnetic field sensing device through the wireless signal relay device;
6) After receiving the data, the data processing server 3 calculates the magnetic field vector direction according to the detection values in the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis directions, and then judges the breakdown fault position according to the set judgment logic.
Wherein, the judging logic is specifically as follows: when breakdown fault occurs, because the directions of currents flowing through conductors of the GIS equipment 4 at two ends of the breakdown fault position are basically opposite (the included angle of current vectors is more than 90 degrees), the directions of magnetic field vectors in spaces at two ends of the breakdown fault position are also basically opposite (the included angle of the magnetic field vectors is more than 90 degrees); when the relative placement position and the direction of the magnetic field sensing device 1 are consistent, the directions of the magnetic field vectors detected by different magnetic field sensing devices 1 at two ends of the breakdown fault position are basically opposite (the included angle of the magnetic field vectors is more than 90 degrees); therefore, the breakdown fault position is located between two adjacent magnetic field sensing devices 1 with the included angle of the magnetic field vectors larger than 90 degrees, and therefore accurate positioning of the breakdown fault position is achieved. Because the breakdown fault position is taken as a reference, the capacitance and inductance values of the GIS devices 4 on two sides are usually inconsistent, and the magnitude of transient current flowing to the breakdown fault point by the GIS devices on two ends is different, the absolute values of the magnetic field intensity detected by the adjacent magnetic field sensing devices 1 on two ends of the breakdown fault position are generally obviously different, so that the breakdown fault air chamber can be judged in an auxiliary manner through the difference of the absolute values of the magnetic field intensity.
Before the breakdown fault position is positioned by the method, the positive direction of the GIS equipment 4 needs to be determined by taking the voltage applying side of the voltage-withstanding test equipment as a reference, namely the direction of the test current flowing from the power supply side to the tail end of the test sample is the positive direction of the GIS equipment 4. Then, the magnetic field sensing devices 1 are dispersedly arranged on the GIS equipment 4, and are generally placed on the upper part of the surface of the GIS equipment 4, and the positive directions of the X axes of the magnetic field sensors 5 in the magnetic field sensing devices 1 are made to be consistent with the positive direction of the GIS equipment 4 by taking the positive direction of the X axes marked on the devices as a reference.
The foregoing detailed description of the preferred embodiments of the invention has been presented. It should be understood that numerous modifications and variations could be devised by those skilled in the art in light of the present teachings without departing from the inventive concepts. Therefore, the technical solutions that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the prior art according to the concepts of the present invention should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A GIS equipment breakdown fault positioning system based on a transient magnetic field is used for positioning a breakdown fault position of an alternating current withstand voltage test of GIS equipment (4), and is characterized by comprising:
the magnetic field sensing devices (1) are used for detecting transient magnetic field signals generated in breakdown faults, and storing and transmitting the transient magnetic field signals exceeding a threshold value;
the wireless signal relay device (2) is used for receiving and collecting the transient magnetic field signals transmitted by the magnetic field sensing device (1) and outputting the transient magnetic field signals;
the data processing server (3) is used for receiving and analyzing the transient magnetic field signal output by the wireless signal relay device (2), judging the position of the breakdown fault, and displaying the detected data and the judgment result through a human-computer interaction interface;
a plurality of magnetic field sensing devices (1) are dispersedly arranged on the surface of the GIS equipment (4); the wireless signal relay device (2) is connected with the data processing server (3) through a network cable; the magnetic field sensing device (1) and the wireless signal relay device (2) transmit transient magnetic field signals in a wireless mode.
2. The GIS equipment breakdown fault location system based on the transient magnetic field is characterized in that the magnetic field sensing device (1) comprises an integrally designed magnetic field sensor (5), a signal processing unit (6), a data collector (7), a main control chip (8), a data storage module (9), a power supply module (10) and a WIFI communication module (11); the magnetic field sensor (5) is connected with the signal processing unit (6); the signal processing unit (6) is connected with the data acquisition unit (7); the data collector (7) is connected with the main control chip (8); the main control chip (8) is respectively connected with the data storage module (9), the power supply module (10) and the WIFI communication module (11).
3. The GIS equipment breakdown fault location system based on the transient magnetic field according to claim 2, characterized in that the magnetic field sensor (5) is a three-dimensional omnidirectional sensor for measuring the magnetic field intensity on the X axis, the Y axis and the Z axis in the set magnetic field frequency range in real time, and the housing of the magnetic field sensing device (1) is marked with the positive X axis direction, the positive Y axis direction and the positive Z axis direction by taking the three-dimensional coordinates of the magnetic field sensor (5) as the reference; the signal processing unit (6) is used for amplifying and filtering signals and filtering low-frequency and high-frequency interference signals outside a set magnetic field frequency range; the data acquisition unit (7) is used for realizing digital sampling of the magnetic field intensity analog signal; the main control chip (8) is used for controlling the whole data acquisition process, storing data results in the magnetic field sensing device (1) in real time and transmitting data according to instructions of the data processing server (3); the data storage module (9) is used for being matched with the main control chip (8) to store data; the power supply module (10) is used for supplying power to the magnetic field sensing device (1); the WIFI communication module (11) is used for communicating with the wireless signal relay device (2), uploading data to the data processing server (3) and transmitting instructions of the data processing server (3) to the magnetic field sensing device (1).
4. The GIS device breakdown fault location system based on transient magnetic fields according to claim 3, wherein the frequency measurement range of the magnetic field sensor (5) covers 100kHz-100MHz.
5. The GIS device breakdown fault location system based on the transient magnetic field according to claim 3, wherein the maximum sampling frequency of the digital sampling is 100MHz.
6. The GIS device breakdown fault location system based on transient magnetic field according to claim 3, wherein the main control chip (8) is a high-performance embedded main control chip; the main control chip (8) comprises an embedded program; the embedded program comprises a data acquisition program, a control instruction program and a data storage program.
7. The GIS equipment breakdown fault location system based on transient magnetic field according to claim 3, wherein the WIFI communication module (11) is further configured to synchronize the magnetic field sensing devices (1) through wireless signals, so that the plurality of magnetic field sensing devices (1) can trigger the sampling process simultaneously.
8. A method for using the transient magnetic field-based GIS device breakdown fault location system of claim 1, wherein the method comprises the steps of:
1) starting a magnetic field sensing device (1), a wireless signal relay device (2) and a data processing server (3), completing clock synchronization, starting testing and executing the step 2);
2) A magnetic field sensor (5) detects a magnetic field intensity signal in a space in real time, after the signal passes through a signal processing unit (6), a data collector (7) continuously and digitally collects the signal, the signal is temporarily stored in an internal memory of a main control chip (8) in a data stream mode, and a step 3 is executed;
3) The main control chip (8) judges the signal amplitude in real time, if the magnetic field signal amplitude does not exceed the threshold, whether the withstand voltage test is finished or not is judged, if not, the step 2) is executed, and if so, the step 5) is executed; if the amplitude of the magnetic field signal exceeds the threshold value, executing the step 4);
4) The main control chip (8) starts a data storage process, stores the data stream signal into the data storage module (9), and executes the step 5);
5) The data processing server reads the data stored in each magnetic field sensing device through the wireless signal relay device;
6) After receiving the data, the data processing server (3) calculates the direction of the magnetic field vector according to the detection values in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, and then judges the breakdown fault position according to the set judgment logic.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the threshold is set at 100 to 1000 times the intensity of the ambient magnetic field.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein the decision logic is: the breakdown fault position is positioned between two adjacent magnetic field sensing devices (1) with the included angle of the magnetic field vectors larger than 90 degrees, and the absolute values of the magnetic field intensity detected by the adjacent magnetic field sensing devices (1) at two sides of the breakdown fault position are obviously different.
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| CN117074888A (en) * | 2023-10-11 | 2023-11-17 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | Method, device and equipment for breakdown location detection of electrical equipment |
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| CN117074888A (en) * | 2023-10-11 | 2023-11-17 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | Method, device and equipment for breakdown location detection of electrical equipment |
| CN117074888B (en) * | 2023-10-11 | 2024-01-26 | 国网天津市电力公司电力科学研究院 | Method, device and equipment for breakdown location detection of electrical equipment |
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