CN115505659A - Method for improving blast furnace front tapping - Google Patents
Method for improving blast furnace front tapping Download PDFInfo
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- CN115505659A CN115505659A CN202211117644.XA CN202211117644A CN115505659A CN 115505659 A CN115505659 A CN 115505659A CN 202211117644 A CN202211117644 A CN 202211117644A CN 115505659 A CN115505659 A CN 115505659A
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- blast furnace
- iron
- taphole
- slag
- furnace
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B5/00—Making pig-iron in the blast furnace
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/12—Opening or sealing the tap holes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21B—MANUFACTURE OF IRON OR STEEL
- C21B7/00—Blast furnaces
- C21B7/12—Opening or sealing the tap holes
- C21B7/125—Refractory plugging mass
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Iron (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of blast furnace internal and stokehole comprehensive operation, in particular to a method for improving blast furnace stokehole tapping, which comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: reducing the furnace air flow rate in the furnace by 50 to 100m/min, wherein the standard of air flow rate reduction is subject to the pressure difference of less than 170kpa during normal production of the blast furnace; step two: after the step one is taken, reducing the diameter of the drill bit when opening; step three: increasing the mud beating amount of the iron notch by 20 to 25L after the door is closed; step four: after the slag iron is discharged completely; step five: if the air quantity returns to the normal level, the drill bit returns to the normal diameter, and if the taphole hole channel still does not resist iron slag, the stemming quality is considered to have a problem, and the improvement of the stemming quality can be started. The beneficial effects of the invention are: the wind reduction can improve the anti-scouring capability of the taphole channel under the same taphole channel and depth condition, thereby being beneficial to completely discharging the slag iron.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of comprehensive operation in and in front of a blast furnace, in particular to a method for improving tapping in front of the blast furnace.
Background
Blast furnace tapping is a very important link in the blast furnace smelting process. Blast furnace smelting is carried out in a vertical blast furnace, when the smelting is normally carried out, raw fuel is filled from the upper part of the blast furnace, and molten iron flows out from the lower part after the smelting. Therefore, no molten iron flows out smoothly, normal smelting of the blast furnace is avoided, and normal tapping of the blast furnace ensures normal smelting process. However, the blast furnace often exhibits a phenomenon of incomplete slag iron due to various reasons, resulting in blast furnace wind-holding (a phenomenon of wind volume collapse caused by a rise in blast furnace wind pressure due to incomplete slag iron discharge is called wind-holding).
Because the blast furnace blows out the incomplete slag iron and causes the blast furnace to hold wind, its harm mainly has:
1. the blanking speed is reduced. Because the blast furnace discharges incomplete iron slag, the blast furnace air pressure is inevitably increased, the blast furnace pressure difference is increased, the blanking speed is reduced, and the blast furnace iron yield is influenced.
2. And (4) suspending the materials. The rise of the pressure difference firstly shows that the blanking speed becomes slow, and the limit of the further slowing of the blanking speed is that the blanking speed is zero, thereby causing the hanging of the blast furnace.
3. And (4) a pipeline. The poor iron slag discharge and the high wind pressure can also cause another serious result, namely the pipeline. The phenomenon that blast furnace airflow penetrates all material layers all the time from the lower part is caused, and the smooth running, the equipment safety and the personal safety of the blast furnace are seriously influenced by the occurrence of the phenomenon.
4. Increasing the slag handling system pressure. The poor discharge of the iron slag inevitably leads to the retention of the iron slag in the blast furnace and the increase of the blast furnace wind pressure. Therefore, after the slag comes, the slag speed is inevitably higher than the normal level under the pushing of high pressure in the furnace, and under the condition that the slag speed exceeds the slag processing capacity, the slag processing system can cause the phenomena of blasting, explosion, sliding and the like due to insufficient processing capacity, so that the tapping process of the blast furnace is forced to be interrupted, and the slag iron which is not discharged completely can become the reason of the rise of the next air pressure, thereby forming vicious circle.
5. And (4) pouring slag iron by the air supply device. Continuous slag iron is not discharged completely, so that the liquid level in the blast furnace is inevitably raised continuously, and when the liquid level rises to the lower end of a tuyere (an inlet device for blowing air during blast furnace smelting, which is positioned at the upper part of a hearth for storing the slag iron), slag filling, iron filling and even air supply device of the blast furnace can be burnt through.
6. The incomplete discharge of the slag iron of the blast furnace inevitably leads to the rise of the furnace temperature, and the over-limit of the furnace temperature is the quality category of the blast furnace examination.
The conventional treatment method comprises the following steps:
1. when the blast furnace is subjected to wind blocking, the diameter of a drill bit of the iron opening is generally increased (from phi 47.5mm to phi 50 mm), and the discharge amount of the iron slag in unit time is increased, so that the rise of the wind pressure in the furnace is slowed down.
2. The tapping interval is shortened, and the tapping time is changed from 20min to 10-15min. Generally, after the first step of measures is taken, the blast furnace wind pressure is improved for a short time, but the wind pressure is increased suddenly after the door is closed, so that in order to reduce the wind pressure, under the condition of increasing the diameter of the tap hole drill, the tapping interval is shortened, and the slag iron in the furnace is tapped as soon as possible.
3. The air quantity in the furnace is basically kept unchanged, or a wind holding phenomenon is naturally generated due to the rising of the air pressure.
4. The amount of sludge before the furnace is maintained at a normal level.
The invention analyzes the reason of the inexhaustible blast furnace slag iron from the blast furnace, and takes a series of comprehensive measures inside and outside the furnace in a targeted way to produce the slag iron at the fastest speed, thereby achieving the purposes of improving the smooth operation of the blast furnace and improving the yield and the quality of the blast furnace and enabling the blast furnace to form virtuous cycle.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides a method for improving the front tapping of a blast furnace.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: a method for improving blast furnace stokehole tapping comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps: reducing the furnace air inlet quantity 50 to 100m/min, wherein the standard of air quantity reduction is based on the condition that the pressure difference during the normal production of the blast furnace is less than 170kpa, so that the smooth operation of the blast furnace can be ensured firstly, and the slag tapping pressure after opening can be reduced, so that the same iron notch depth is ensured, the flushing of the slag iron on a pore channel is reduced due to the reduction of the tapping speed, and the discharge of the slag iron is facilitated; step two: after the step one is adopted, the diameter of the drill bit is reduced when the opening is carried out; step three: increasing the mud beating amount of the taphole by 20 to 25L after the taphole is closed, increasing the taphole depth by 100 to 200mm, and delaying the flushing of the taphole by the slag iron so as to discharge the slag iron completely; step four: after the slag iron is discharged completely, the air quantity begins to return to a normal level, and the mud beating quantity is still kept to be 20 to 25L more than the normal mud beating quantity so as to maintain the deeper depth of the taphole; step five: if the air quantity returns to the normal level, the drill bit returns to the normal diameter, and if the taphole hole channel still does not resist iron slag, the stemming quality is considered to have a problem, and the improvement of the stemming quality can be started.
And in the second step, the diameter of the drill bit is reduced from phi 47.5mm to phi 45mm so as to increase the impact resistance of the taphole pore channel and be beneficial to completely discharging the slag iron.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1. the wind reduction can improve the anti-scouring capability of the taphole channel under the same taphole channel and depth condition, thereby being beneficial to completely discharging the slag iron.
2. The reduction of the diameter of the drill can increase the slag iron resistance of the iron notch pore canal, which is beneficial to the complete discharge of slag iron.
3. The depth of the tap hole can be improved by increasing the mud beating amount, so that the tapping time is increased, and the tapping of iron slag is facilitated to be completed.
4. After the air volume is recovered, the mud beating amount is still kept to be more, and the discharge of the iron slag under normal pressure is facilitated.
5. After the air volume is recovered, the condition that the slag iron is not completely discharged again occurs, so that the stemming needs to be replaced, and the measure is a measure for fundamentally improving the iron notch pore channel.
6. The productivity of the blast furnace can be recovered as soon as possible, and the quality level can be recovered.
Detailed Description
After the blast furnace is subjected to wind holding, a large amount of slag iron is retained in the furnace, and the residual slag iron cannot be discharged in time, which is the root cause of the wind holding of the blast furnace. The present solution is designed around this root point.
1. Firstly, reducing the furnace air flow rate in the furnace by 50 to 100m/min, wherein the standard of air flow rate reduction is subject to the pressure difference (less than 170 kpa) during the normal production of the blast furnace. Therefore, the smooth operation of the blast furnace can be ensured firstly, and the tapping pressure after opening can be reduced secondly, so that the same tap hole depth is reduced, the flushing of the channel by the iron slag is reduced due to the reduction of the tapping speed, and the discharge of the iron slag is facilitated.
2. After the 1 st strip is adopted, the diameter of the drill bit is reduced during opening from phi 47.5mm to phi 45mm, so that the impact resistance of the taphole channel is improved, and the slag iron is discharged completely.
3. And (3) increasing 20L of mud injection amount of the iron notch after the door is closed, increasing the depth of the iron notch by 100 to 200mm, and delaying the flushing of the iron notch by the iron slag, thereby discharging the iron slag completely.
4. After the iron slag is discharged completely, the air quantity starts to return to a normal level, and the mud beating quantity is still 20L more than normal so as to maintain the deeper depth of the iron notch.
5. If the air quantity returns to the normal level, the drill bit returns to the normal diameter phi of 47.5mm, if the taphole pore canal still does not resist slag iron, the stemming quality is considered to be problematic, and the improvement of the stemming quality can be started.
Taking the tapping of Tai Steel 3# blast furnace at 2022 years, 5 months and 27 days as an example: the night shift 59236-59239 times of iron tapping is performed for four times, but the overall pressure difference in the furnace is high, and the average value is 175kpa; the tapping amount is small, the normal tapping amount is 2 cans of molten iron in each furnace, and the tapping in the night shift is 1 can of iron in each furnace; the tapping time is short, the mean value is 75min, and the normal tapping time is between 90min and 120 min; the depth of the tap hole is shallow, and the average depth of the north and south fields is 2700mm; the blast furnace air pressure is obviously increased, the average value is 375kpa, and the normal average value is 365kpa.
After the shift, the furnace condition is analyzed, and the phenomenon that the retained slag iron is held back in the blast furnace is considered.
1. The air volume is reduced so that the differential pressure is lower than 170kpa.
2. 59240 south field iron openings use 45mm drill bits (47.5 mm drill bits are normally used). The tapping time is prolonged by 15min after opening, and the tapping amount is increased to 1.5 cans. The ratio of the wind pressure in the furnace to night shifts is reduced to about 372 kpa. The mud amount is increased when the door is closed, and the mud amount is increased from 125 liters to 150 liters.
3. 59241 times north field iron similarly adopts 59240 times iron method for opening and closing door and mud amount. Likewise, the tapping time and the tapping quantity are increased, and the wind pressure is continuously reduced to about 370.
4. 59242 and 59243 times of iron increase the mud beating amount due to the fact that the upper furnace is closed, the depth of an iron notch is increased to 2900mm after normal iron tapping is performed at intervals and is opened successively, the iron tapping time is increased to about 120min, the iron tapping amount is increased to 2 tanks, the air pressure is further reduced to 362kpa, and the pressure difference is reduced to 160kpa.
5. The normal air quantity, the air pressure and the pressure difference are recovered to normal levels, and the blast furnace parameters are recovered to normal states.
6. And (4) performing mud beating according to the adjusted mud beating amount before the furnace, recovering the opening of the normal drill bit, and considering to replace the stemming with better quality if the blast furnace has the wind blocking phenomenon again in the state.
7. After the operation, the furnace condition is recovered to be normal by the time of shift change of the white shift.
The invention aims to solve the problem of blast furnace wind holding caused by poor tapping of the blast furnace. According to the invention, by analyzing the basic principle of causing the blast furnace to hold out wind and by adopting comprehensive measures inside and outside the furnace, the problem of iron notch discharge is solved, and the normal smelting process of the blast furnace is recovered, so that a series of malignant strokes, such as hanging materials, pipelines and the like, in the smelting process of the blast furnace are avoided; the accidents of damage to blast furnace equipment and human bodies are avoided; the productivity level and the quality level of the blast furnace are quickly recovered.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the structural features of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any changes or modifications within the scope of the present invention by those skilled in the art are covered by the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A method for improving blast furnace stokehole tapping is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: reducing the furnace air flow rate in the furnace by 50 to 100m/min, wherein the standard of air flow rate reduction is based on the condition that the pressure difference during the normal production of the blast furnace is less than 170kpa, so that the forward running of the blast furnace can be ensured firstly, and the tapping pressure after opening can be reduced, so that the same tap hole depth is ensured, and the flushing of slag iron to a hole channel is reduced due to the reduction of the tapping speed, thereby being beneficial to the discharge of the slag iron;
step two: after the step one is taken, reducing the diameter of the drill bit when opening;
step three: increasing the mud beating amount of the taphole by 20 to 25L after the taphole is closed, increasing the taphole depth by 100 to 200mm, and delaying the flushing of the taphole by the slag iron so as to discharge the slag iron completely;
step four: after the slag iron is discharged completely, the air quantity starts to return to a normal level, and the mud beating quantity is still 20 to 25L more than the normal mud beating quantity so as to maintain the deeper depth of the taphole;
step five: if the air quantity returns to the normal level, the drill bit returns to the normal diameter, and if the taphole hole channel still does not resist iron slag, the stemming quality is considered to have a problem, and the improvement of the stemming quality can be started.
2. The method for improving blast furnace front tapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the second step, the diameter of the drill bit is reduced from phi 47.5mm to phi 45mm so as to increase the impact resistance of the taphole pore channel and be beneficial to completely discharging the slag iron.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211117644.XA CN115505659A (en) | 2022-09-14 | 2022-09-14 | Method for improving blast furnace front tapping |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202211117644.XA CN115505659A (en) | 2022-09-14 | 2022-09-14 | Method for improving blast furnace front tapping |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115505659A true CN115505659A (en) | 2022-12-23 |
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| CN202211117644.XA Pending CN115505659A (en) | 2022-09-14 | 2022-09-14 | Method for improving blast furnace front tapping |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108359760A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-08-03 | 新疆八钢铁股份有限公司 | Large blast furnace maintains the operating procedure of direct motion using low-heat state strength coke |
| CN110760632A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-07 | 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 | Method for stably controlling depth of blast furnace taphole with different furnace capacities |
| CN112251553A (en) * | 2020-10-31 | 2021-01-22 | 江苏沙钢集团有限公司 | Method for prolonging depth of blast furnace taphole |
| CN113832276A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2021-12-24 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Automatic control method for intelligent iron blocking port of blast furnace tapping |
-
2022
- 2022-09-14 CN CN202211117644.XA patent/CN115505659A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108359760A (en) * | 2017-10-24 | 2018-08-03 | 新疆八钢铁股份有限公司 | Large blast furnace maintains the operating procedure of direct motion using low-heat state strength coke |
| CN110760632A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-02-07 | 广东韶钢松山股份有限公司 | Method for stably controlling depth of blast furnace taphole with different furnace capacities |
| CN113832276A (en) * | 2020-06-23 | 2021-12-24 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Automatic control method for intelligent iron blocking port of blast furnace tapping |
| CN112251553A (en) * | 2020-10-31 | 2021-01-22 | 江苏沙钢集团有限公司 | Method for prolonging depth of blast furnace taphole |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 党婷: "出铁操作对高炉顺行影响的分析", 《冶金管理》, pages 391 - 392 * |
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