CN115505224B - Modified polymer aerogel composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Modified polymer aerogel composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN115505224B
CN115505224B CN202211157775.0A CN202211157775A CN115505224B CN 115505224 B CN115505224 B CN 115505224B CN 202211157775 A CN202211157775 A CN 202211157775A CN 115505224 B CN115505224 B CN 115505224B
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aerogel composite
polymer aerogel
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modified polymer
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CN115505224A (en
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段宇晶
毛思宁
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Beijing Zhongke Haishi Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/30—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof by mixing gases into liquid compositions or plastisols, e.g. frothing with air
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/0061—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof characterized by the use of several polymeric components
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00—Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/009—Use of pretreated compounding ingredients
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2309/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
    • C08J2309/02—Copolymers with acrylonitrile
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2327/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2327/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08J2327/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
    • C08J2327/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2409/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of conjugated diene hydrocarbons
    • C08J2409/02—Copolymers with acrylonitrile
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2427/00—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2427/02—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
    • C08J2427/04—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing chlorine atoms
    • C08J2427/06—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl chloride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2491/00—Characterised by the use of oils, fats or waxes; Derivatives thereof
    • C08J2491/06—Waxes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage

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Abstract

The invention provides a modified polymer aerogel composite material and a preparation method thereof, and relates to the technical field of aerogel materials, wherein the polymer aerogel composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-70 parts of nitrile rubber; 70-30 parts of polyvinyl chloride; 15-25 parts of paraffin phase-change microcapsules; 10-15 parts of polydopamine modified chopped carbon fiber; 10-20 parts of auxiliary agent. The compatibility between the polydopamine modified chopped carbon fiber and the organic component is good, the mechanical property of the polymer aerogel is improved, the paraffin phase-change microcapsule and the polydopamine modified chopped carbon fiber act synergistically, and the temperature regulating property of the polymer aerogel composite material is improved. The modified polymer aerogel composite material can be combined with textiles to prepare phase-change temperature-regulating textiles, such as phase-change temperature-regulating waistcoats, shoes and caps, and the like, and is light in weight, bending-resistant, light and comfortable.

Description

Modified polymer aerogel composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of aerogel materials, in particular to a modified polymer aerogel composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In order to meet the comfort level of people working in changeable environments, the temperature is generally adjusted by increasing and decreasing clothes, but the mode is inconvenient; or the surrounding environment is regulated by a refrigerating or heating machine, but the energy utilization rate is low, so that a great amount of resources are wasted. The aerogel material has low density, a porous network structure and ultra-low solid and gaseous heat conduction, and has wide application prospect in the field of temperature-regulating textiles, for example, chinese patent literature with publication number of CN114381936A discloses a heat-insulating aerogel composite material which comprises a melt-blown non-woven fabric layer and a silica composite aerogel layer, wherein the silica composite aerogel layer is prepared from silica sol, a foaming agent, a tackifier, deionized water and a hollow rod-shaped material and has the characteristics of low heat conductivity, obvious heat-insulating effect, portability and comfort; the Chinese patent document with the publication number of CN108239309A discloses a cold-proof and warm-keeping composite material, which is prepared by blending and foaming a foamable elastomer and silicon dioxide aerogel according to the mass ratio of 2:1-10:1, wherein the foamable elastomer is a mixture of nitrile rubber and polyvinyl chloride and butadiene rubber, the mass ratio of the nitrile rubber to the polyvinyl chloride in the mixture is 5:1-18:1, and the mass ratio of the butadiene rubber in the mixture is 5-10%, and the composite material can be used for manufacturing clothes or bedding. However, the mechanical properties and thermal conductivity of aerogel materials of the prior art are often difficult to achieve.
The Phase Change Material (PCM) is a substance which changes physical properties along with temperature change and can provide latent heat, and can exchange heat with the surrounding environment, so that heat can be stored and released, and the phase change material has an excellent temperature regulating effect; the phase change material comprises inorganic PCM and organic PCM, wherein the inorganic PCM mainly comprises crystalline hydrated salts, molten salts, metals or alloys and the like; the organic PCM mainly comprises paraffin, polyvinyl chloride and the like; the phase change microcapsule material is a granular material which is made by taking organic polymer and other materials as capsule walls and taking phase change material as capsule cores. After the phase change material is microencapsulated, the application performance is better, and the application field of the phase change material is widened.
The Chinese patent document with publication number of CN105505330A discloses a three-dimensional phase change material based on graphene, which consists of three-dimensional graphene aerogel and paraffin filled in the holes of the graphene aerogel; the dichloromethane applied in the preparation process of the three-dimensional phase change material can cause the reduction of heat conduction efficiency and heat storage density, and has the problems of operation and application safety.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a modified polymer aerogel composite material, which comprises an organic foaming base material, paraffin phase-change microcapsules and polydopamine modified chopped carbon fibers, wherein the compatibility among raw material components is good, the polydopamine modified chopped carbon fibers can improve the mechanical properties of polymer aerogel, and the cooperation of the paraffin phase-change microcapsules and the polydopamine modified chopped carbon fibers can improve the heat conduction property and the temperature regulation property of the polymer aerogel composite material.
A modified polymer aerogel composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
30-70 parts of nitrile rubber;
70-30 parts of polyvinyl chloride;
15-25 parts of paraffin phase-change microcapsules;
10-15 parts of polydopamine modified chopped carbon fiber;
10-20 parts of auxiliary agent.
Preferably, in the raw materials of the modified polymer aerogel composite material, the weight parts of the paraffin phase-change microcapsules are 20% -25% of the total weight parts of the nitrile rubber and the polyvinyl chloride, based on 100 parts of the total weight parts of the nitrile rubber and the polyvinyl chloride. The addition of the paraffin phase-change microcapsule is excessive, so that the mechanical properties of the polymer aerogel composite material can be influenced, and in the preferable range, the addition of the paraffin phase-change microcapsule can improve the mechanical properties of the product.
The preparation method of the polydopamine modified chopped carbon fiber comprises the following steps: and (3) treating the chopped carbon fiber by using alkali liquor, cleaning, drying, and then soaking in a dopamine buffer solution to obtain the polydopamine modified chopped carbon fiber.
The length of the chopped carbon fiber is 0.3-3 mm, and the diameter is 5-10 mu m.
Further, the preparation method of the dopamine buffer solution comprises the following steps: preparing Tris-HCl buffer solution, regulating the pH value to 8-9, and adding dopamine into the Tris-HCl buffer solution to obtain dopamine buffer solution; preferably, the mass concentration of the dopamine in the dopamine buffer solution is 2-5wt%.
Preferably, the paraffin phase-change microcapsule is SiO 2 The coated paraffin microcapsule has a particle size of 1-100 μm and is preferably prepared by the following method: adding the aqueous solution of the emulsifying agent into the molten paraffin, and stirring to obtain milky emulsion; dripping hydrochloric acid into tetraethoxysilane, regulating the pH value, and stirring to obtain a silicic acid solution; and (3) dropwise adding the silicic acid solution into the milky emulsion, carrying out heat preservation and stirring reaction at 40-80 ℃ for 2-6h, and aging for 10-15h to obtain the paraffin phase-change microcapsule.
The auxiliary agent comprises tackifier, foaming agent, accelerator, sodium stearate, zinc oxide and the like.
The foaming agent is selected from cationic cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide, anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate or fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether glucoside; the tackifier is selected from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose or methyl cellulose; the accelerator is selected from propylene glycol, glycerol, pentaerythritol, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether or polyglycerol diglycidyl ether.
The tackifier contains polyhydroxy structure, and can improve the binding force between raw material components based on hydrogen bond interaction and the like, so that the mechanical property of the polymer aerogel composite material of the product is improved.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the modified polymer aerogel composite material, which comprises the following steps:
(1) Mixing polyvinyl chloride, nitrile rubber, tackifier, sodium stearate and zinc oxide, and rolling;
(2) Adding paraffin phase-change microcapsules, polydopamine modified chopped carbon fibers, a foaming agent and an accelerator into the rolled material, fully mixing, extruding into sheets after mixing, and further foaming and forming to obtain the modified polymer aerogel composite material.
Preferably, in the step (1), the temperature of the roll is 120-180 ℃; in the step (2), the mixing temperature is 40-60 ℃, the sheet material is foamed and molded by a vulcanizing machine, the foaming and molding temperature is 145-150 ℃, and the time is 20-30 minutes.
The invention also provides application of the modified polymer aerogel composite material in the textile field. The modified polymer aerogel composite material can be used as a core material for preparing living clothes, shoes, hats, protective articles and the like, has excellent heat preservation and temperature adjustment properties, and is light, comfortable and light.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the invention, the modified polymer aerogel composite material is prepared by taking the polydopamine modified chopped carbon fiber as a raw material, the polydopamine modification increases the active sites on the surface of the carbon fiber, increases the compatibility of the carbon fiber with an organic foaming base material, paraffin phase-change microcapsules and the like, so that the binding force among raw material components in the system is strong, the raw material components are not easy to fall off in the application and cleaning processes, and the problem of poor heat conduction performance and temperature regulation performance caused by the falling of the raw material components is prevented.
(2) The introduction of the polydopamine modified chopped carbon fiber into the polymer aerogel composite material can also improve the mechanical property of the polymer aerogel composite material of the product, and plays a synergistic effect with the paraffin phase-change microcapsule to improve the temperature regulating property of the polymer aerogel composite material.
(3) The modified polymer aerogel composite material can be combined with textiles to prepare phase-change temperature-regulating textiles, such as phase-change temperature-regulating waistcoats, shoes and caps, and the like, and is light in weight, bending-resistant, light and comfortable.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an SEM image of the modified polymer aerogel composite.
Detailed Description
The invention is further elucidated below in connection with the drawings and the examples. It is to be understood that these examples are for illustration of the invention only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The paraffin phase-change microcapsules in examples and comparative examples were prepared as follows: firstly, dissolving emulsifier sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate into deionized water, then adding into molten paraffin, and stirring at 65 ℃ until a milky emulsion is obtained; dripping hydrochloric acid into tetraethoxysilane to regulate the pH value, and stirring at 60 ℃ to obtain a silicic acid solution; the prepared silicic acid solution is added into the milky emulsion drop by drop, the temperature is kept at 70 ℃ for reaction for 5 hours, and the paraffin phase-change microcapsule is obtained after aging for 12 hours. The shell material of the paraffin phase-change microcapsule is SiO 2 The core layer is paraffin wax with particle size of 1-100 μm.
Example 1
(1) Washing the chopped carbon fiber by using alkali liquor, filtering and drying, washing with water, and soaking the treated chopped carbon fiber in a dopamine buffer solution with the mass concentration of 3wt% after drying to obtain the polydopamine modified chopped carbon fiber, wherein the preparation method of the dopamine buffer solution comprises the following steps: preparing Tris-HCl buffer solution, regulating the pH value to 8-9, and adding dopamine into the Tris-HCl buffer solution to obtain dopamine buffer solution;
(2) Mixing and rolling 70 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 30 parts of nitrile rubber, 5 parts of tackifier (hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose), 3 parts of sodium stearate and 1.5 parts of zinc oxide for 30min at 160 ℃; adding 20 parts of paraffin phase-change microcapsules, 15 parts of polydopamine modified chopped carbon fibers, 4 parts of foaming agent (cationic cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide) and 1.5 parts of accelerator (propylene glycol) into the rolled material, fully mixing at 60 ℃, extruding the mixture into sheets after mixing to obtain sheets, and foaming and molding the sheets at 150 ℃ for 20min by using a vulcanizing machine to obtain the modified polymer aerogel composite material.
Example 2
(1) Adjusting the mass concentration of the dopamine buffer solution to 5 weight percent, and preparing the polydopamine modified chopped carbon fiber according to the method of the example 1;
(2) Mixing and rolling 58 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 32 parts of nitrile rubber, 8 parts of tackifier (hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose), 3 parts of sodium stearate and 2 parts of zinc oxide at 160 ℃ for 30min; adding 15 parts of paraffin phase-change microcapsules, 15 parts of polydopamine modified chopped carbon fibers, 4 parts of foaming agent (cationic cetyl trimethyl ammonium bromide) and 2 parts of accelerator (glycerol) into the rolled material, fully mixing at 50 ℃, extruding the mixture into sheets after mixing to obtain sheets, and foaming and molding the sheets at 150 ℃ for 25min by using a vulcanizing machine to obtain the modified polymer aerogel composite material.
Example 3
(1) Adjusting the mass concentration of the dopamine buffer solution to be 4wt%, and preparing the polydopamine modified chopped carbon fiber according to the method of the example 1;
(2) Mixing and rolling 50 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 50 parts of nitrile rubber, 10 parts of tackifier (methyl cellulose), 2 parts of sodium stearate and 0.5 part of zinc oxide for 30min at 160 ℃; 15 parts of paraffin phase-change microcapsules, 10 parts of polydopamine modified chopped carbon fibers, 5 parts of foaming agent (fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether glucoside) and 2.5 parts of accelerator (polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) are added into the materials after roll milling, fully mixed at 60 ℃, extruded into sheets after mixed, and foamed and molded at 150 ℃ for 20min by a vulcanizing machine to obtain the modified polymer aerogel composite material.
Example 4
(1) The polydopamine modified chopped carbon fiber is prepared according to the method of the example 3;
(2) Mixing and rolling 50 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 50 parts of nitrile rubber, 10 parts of tackifier (methyl cellulose), 2 parts of sodium stearate and 0.5 part of zinc oxide for 30min at 160 ℃; adding 20 parts of paraffin phase-change microcapsules, 10 parts of polydopamine modified chopped carbon fibers, 5 parts of foaming agent (fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether glucoside) and 2.5 parts of accelerator (polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) into the rolled material, fully mixing at 60 ℃, extruding the mixture into sheets to obtain sheets, and foaming and molding the sheets at 150 ℃ for 20min by using a vulcanizing machine to obtain the modified polymer aerogel composite material.
Example 5
(1) The polydopamine modified chopped carbon fiber is prepared according to the method of the example 3;
(2) Mixing and rolling 50 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 50 parts of nitrile rubber, 10 parts of tackifier (methyl cellulose), 2 parts of sodium stearate and 0.5 part of zinc oxide for 30min at 160 ℃; adding 25 parts of paraffin phase-change microcapsules, 10 parts of polydopamine modified chopped carbon fibers, 5 parts of foaming agent (fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether glucoside) and 2.5 parts of accelerator (polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) into the rolled material, fully mixing at 60 ℃, extruding the mixture into sheets to obtain sheets, and foaming and molding the sheets at 150 ℃ for 20min by using a vulcanizing machine to obtain the modified polymer aerogel composite material.
Example 6
(1) The polydopamine modified chopped carbon fiber is prepared according to the method of the example 3;
(2) Mixing and rolling 50 parts of polyvinyl chloride, 50 parts of nitrile rubber, 10 parts of tackifier (methyl cellulose), 2 parts of sodium stearate and 0.5 part of zinc oxide for 30min at 160 ℃; adding 15 parts of paraffin phase-change microcapsules, 15 parts of polydopamine modified chopped carbon fibers, 5 parts of foaming agent (fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether glucoside) and 2.5 parts of accelerator (polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether) into the rolled material, fully mixing at 60 ℃, extruding the mixture into sheets to obtain sheets, and foaming and molding the sheets at 150 ℃ for 20min by using a vulcanizing machine to obtain the modified polymer aerogel composite material.
Comparative example 1
The preparation method of the polymer aerogel composite in this comparative example was the same as in example 3, except that no paraffin phase-change microcapsules were added.
Comparative example 2
The preparation method of the polymer aerogel composite in this comparative example is the same as in example 3, except that polydopamine modified chopped carbon fiber is not added.
Comparative example 3
The preparation method of the polymer aerogel composite in this comparative example was the same as in example 3, except that no tackifier methylcellulose was added.
Sample analysis
The modified polymer aerogel composite material prepared in the embodiment 3 has a regular three-dimensional network structure and small density, and SEM images in meshes are shown as a figure 1, and the figure shows that paraffin phase-change microcapsules and polydopamine modified chopped carbon fibers are uniformly distributed on an organic foaming substrate; the modified polymer aerogel composite material has small density, is equivalent to thermal resistance of a down jacket cut piece (nominal down content 80) with the thickness of 4-5 times, and has the effects of light weight, thinness, warmth retention and cold resistance.
The thermal conductivities and tear resistances of the aerogel composites prepared in examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 3 were measured, and the results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1 Performance test of aerogel composite materials prepared in examples 1 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 3
The table data shows that the addition of the polydopamine modified chopped carbon fiber and the paraffin phase change microcapsule improves the temperature regulation performance and the mechanical performance of the polymer aerogel composite material, and the addition of the tackifier has a beneficial effect on the mechanical performance of the polymer aerogel composite material.
The modified polymer aerogel composite material prepared by the invention can be used as a core material for preparing living clothes, shoes, hats, protective articles and the like, has excellent heat preservation and temperature adjustment properties, and is light, comfortable and light.
While the foregoing embodiments have been described in detail in connection with the embodiments of the invention, it should be understood that the foregoing embodiments are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention, and any modifications, additions, substitutions and the like made within the principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.

Claims (7)

1. The preparation method of the modified polymer aerogel composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Mixing polyvinyl chloride, nitrile rubber, tackifier, sodium stearate and zinc oxide, and rolling;
(2) Adding paraffin phase-change microcapsules, polydopamine modified chopped carbon fibers, a foaming agent and an accelerator into the rolled material, fully mixing, extruding into sheets after mixing, and further foaming and forming to obtain the modified polymer aerogel composite material;
the modified polymer aerogel composite material is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
30-70 parts of nitrile rubber;
70-30 parts of polyvinyl chloride;
15-25 parts of paraffin phase-change microcapsules;
10-15 parts of polydopamine modified chopped carbon fiber;
10-20 parts of auxiliary agent;
the auxiliary agent comprises tackifier, foaming agent, accelerator, sodium stearate and zinc oxide.
2. The method for producing a modified polymer aerogel composite as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the temperature of the roll milling is 120 to 180 ℃; in the step (2), the mixing temperature is 40-60 ℃, the sheet material is foamed and molded by a vulcanizing machine, the foaming and molding temperature is 145-150 ℃, and the time is 20-30 minutes.
3. The method for preparing a modified polymer aerogel composite as claimed in claim 1, wherein the weight parts of the paraffin phase-change microcapsules are 20% -25% of the total weight parts of the nitrile rubber and the polyvinyl chloride based on 100 parts of the total weight parts of the nitrile rubber and the polyvinyl chloride.
4. The method for preparing the modified polymer aerogel composite material according to claim 1, wherein the method for preparing the polydopamine modified chopped carbon fiber is as follows: and (3) treating the chopped carbon fiber by using alkali liquor, cleaning, drying, and then soaking in a dopamine buffer solution to obtain the polydopamine modified chopped carbon fiber.
5. The method for preparing a modified polymer aerogel composite as claimed in claim 4, wherein the mass concentration of the dopamine in the dopamine buffer solution is 2-5wt%.
6. The method for preparing a modified polymer aerogel composite according to claim 1, wherein the paraffin phase-change microcapsule is SiO 2 Coating paraffin microcapsule with particle size of 1-100 μm.
7. The method of preparing a modified polymer aerogel composite as claimed in claim 1, wherein the foaming agent is selected from cationic cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, anionic sodium dodecyl sulfate or fatty alcohol polyoxyethylene ether glucoside; the tackifier is selected from hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose or methyl cellulose; the accelerator is selected from propylene glycol, glycerol, pentaerythritol, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether or polyglycerol diglycidyl ether.
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