CN115503561A

CN115503561A - Vehicle thermal management system, vehicle and vehicle thermal management method

Info

Publication number: CN115503561A
Application number: CN202211350560.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张文星; 董琪; 刘建青; 郭艺恒
Original assignee: Weishi Energy Technology Co Ltd
Current assignee: Weishi Energy Technology Co Ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-31
Filing date: 2022-10-31
Publication date: 2022-12-23

Abstract

The invention provides a vehicle thermal management system, a vehicle and a vehicle thermal management method, wherein the vehicle thermal management system comprises: the fuel cell stack, the power battery, the driving motor and the heat exchanger; a fuel cell stack thermal management loop passing through the fuel cell stack and the heat exchanger; the heat management loop of the driving motor passes through the driving motor and the heat exchanger; the power battery heat management loop passes through the power battery and the heat exchanger; a heating loop passing through the heat exchanger; a refrigeration circuit passing through the heat exchanger; any two of the fuel cell stack heat management loop, the driving motor heat management loop, the power cell heat management loop, the heating loop and the refrigerating loop can exchange heat at the heat exchanger, so that the problem of overlarge energy consumption of a fuel cell vehicle heat management system in the prior art is solved.

Description

Vehicle thermal management system, vehicle and vehicle thermal management method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fuel cell vehicles, in particular to a vehicle thermal management system, a vehicle and a vehicle thermal management method.

Background

The fuel cell vehicle is taken as an important development direction of future new energy, and has the advantages of zero emission pollution, short hydrogenation time and long endurance.

The thermal management of the fuel cell vehicle relates to a fuel cell system, a power battery, a driving motor, high-pressure components, a plate heat exchanger, a radiator electronic fan, an expansion water tank, a water pump, a water temperature sensor and the like.

The heat management system of the fuel cell vehicle in the prior art does not efficiently, integrally and energy-conservatively carry out heat management on each part of the fuel cell vehicle, but respectively meets the heat management of each part aiming at the heat dissipation requirement of each part under the operation working condition, does not analyze the temperature condition of each part under different working conditions, and can not realize the heat reuse of each part, thereby increasing the cost and the weight of the whole vehicle invisibly, causing the overlarge energy consumption of the heat management of the whole vehicle and influencing the endurance mileage of the vehicle.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention mainly aims to provide a vehicle thermal management system, a vehicle and a vehicle thermal management method, and aims to solve the problem that the fuel cell vehicle thermal management system in the prior art is high in energy consumption.

In order to achieve the above object, according to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a vehicle thermal management system comprising: the fuel cell stack, the power battery, the driving motor and the heat exchanger; a fuel cell stack thermal management loop passing through the fuel cell stack and the heat exchanger; the heat management loop of the driving motor passes through the driving motor and the heat exchanger; the power battery heat management loop passes through the power battery and the heat exchanger; a heating loop passing through the heat exchanger; a refrigeration circuit passing through the heat exchanger; and any two of the fuel cell stack heat management loop, the driving motor heat management loop, the power cell heat management loop, the heating loop and the refrigerating loop can exchange heat at the heat exchanger.

The fuel cell stack heat management loop comprises a fuel cell stack heat exchange loop and a first heat exchange loop, wherein the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop passes through the fuel cell stack, two ends of the first heat exchange loop are both connected with the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop, and the first heat exchange loop passes through a heat exchanger; the heat management loop of the driving motor comprises a heat exchange loop of the driving motor and a second heat exchange loop, the heat exchange loop of the driving motor passes through the driving motor, two ends of the second heat exchange loop are connected with the heat exchange loop of the driving motor, and the second heat exchange loop passes through the heat exchanger.

Further, the second heat exchange loop is connected with the power battery heat management loop.

Further, a vehicle thermal management system includes: the first water pump is arranged on the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop to drive the liquid in the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop to flow; the first water tank is connected with the heat exchange loop of the fuel cell stack to supply liquid to the heat exchange loop of the fuel cell stack; the first radiator is arranged on the heat exchange loop of the fuel cell stack and is positioned between the inlet of the first water pump and the fuel cell stack; the first fan is positioned on one side of the first radiator and arranged towards the first radiator so as to radiate the first radiator; the first radiator is connected with the first water tank to exhaust air to the first water tank.

Further, a vehicle thermal management system includes: the first three-way valve is arranged on the heat exchange loop of the fuel cell stack, the first end of the first three-way valve is connected with the outlet of the fuel cell stack, the second end of the first three-way valve is connected with the inlet of the first radiator, and the third end of the first three-way valve is connected with the inlet of the first water pump; and the second three-way valve is arranged on the heat exchange loop of the fuel cell stack, the first end of the second three-way valve is connected with the inlet of the fuel cell stack, the second end of the second three-way valve is connected with the outlet of the first water pump (5), and the third end of the second three-way valve is connected with the inlet of the first heat exchange loop.

Further, a vehicle thermal management system includes: the first temperature detection part is arranged on the heat exchange loop of the fuel cell stack and is positioned at the inlet of the fuel cell stack; and the second temperature detection part is arranged on the heat exchange loop of the fuel cell stack and is positioned at the outlet of the fuel cell stack.

Further, a vehicle thermal management system includes: the second water pump is arranged on the heat exchange loop of the driving motor so as to drive the liquid in the heat exchange loop of the driving motor to flow; the second water tank is connected with the heat exchange loop of the fuel cell stack to supply liquid to the heat exchange loop of the fuel cell stack; the second radiator is arranged on the heat exchange loop of the driving motor and is positioned on one side of the second water pump close to the outlet of the driving motor; the second fan is positioned on one side of the second radiator and arranged towards the second radiator so as to radiate the second radiator; the high-pressure part is arranged on the heat exchange loop of the driving motor and is positioned between the second water pump and the driving motor; wherein the second radiator is connected with the second water tank to discharge air to the second water tank.

Further, a vehicle thermal management system includes: the first end of the third three-way valve is communicated with the outlet of the second water pump, the second end of the third three-way valve is communicated with the inlet of the second radiator, and the third end of the third three-way valve is communicated with the inlet of the second heat exchange loop; the fourth three-way valve is arranged on the second heat exchange loop and positioned between the third end of the third three-way valve and the heat exchanger, and the fourth three-way valve is communicated with the power battery heat management loop; and the fifth three-way valve is arranged at an inlet, close to the heat exchanger, on the power battery heat management loop and is communicated with an outlet of the second heat exchange loop.

Further, a vehicle thermal management system includes: the third temperature detection part is arranged on the heat exchange loop of the driving motor and is positioned between the third three-way valve and the second radiator; and the fourth temperature detection part is arranged on the heat exchange loop of the driving motor and is positioned between the second water pump and the second radiator.

Further, the vehicle thermal management system comprises a third water pump which is arranged on the power battery thermal management loop and used for driving the flow of liquid in the power battery thermal management loop.

Further, a vehicle thermal management system includes: the heating device is arranged on the heating loop to heat the liquid in the heating loop; and the refrigerating device is arranged on the refrigerating circuit to refrigerate the liquid in the refrigerating circuit.

According to a second aspect of the invention, a vehicle is provided comprising the vehicle thermal management system described above.

According to a third aspect of the invention, a vehicle thermal management method is provided, which is applicable to the vehicle, the vehicle thermal management method comprises a fuel cell stack thermal management method, and the fuel cell stack thermal management method comprises the following steps: when a vehicle is in a discharging process or a charging process, acquiring the real-time temperature T01 of the fuel cell stack, and judging the size relation between the T01 and a first preset temperature T1 and a second preset temperature T2; when T01 is larger than T1, controlling the vehicle heat management system to enter a fuel cell stack cooling mode, starting a first water pump, controlling liquid in a fuel cell stack heat management loop to circularly flow and sequentially pass through a first three-way valve, a first radiator, a first water pump, a second three-way valve and the fuel cell stack, and controlling the cooling effect on the fuel cell stack by controlling the rotating speed of the first water pump and the rotating speed of a first fan, or controlling liquid in the fuel cell stack heat management loop to circularly flow and sequentially pass through the first three-way valve, the first water pump, the second three-way valve, a heat exchanger and the fuel cell stack so as to cool the fuel cell stack heat management loop through a refrigeration loop; when T1 is more than or equal to T01 and more than or equal to T2, controlling the vehicle heat management system to enter a fuel cell stack uniform heat mode, starting a first water pump, controlling liquid in a fuel cell stack heat management loop to circularly flow and sequentially pass through a first three-way valve, the first water pump, a second three-way valve, a heat exchanger and a fuel cell stack; and when T01 is less than T2, controlling the vehicle heat management system to enter a fuel cell stack heating mode, starting a first water pump, controlling liquid in the fuel cell stack heat management loop to circularly flow and sequentially pass through a first three-way valve, the first water pump, a second three-way valve, a heat exchanger and the fuel cell stack, so that the heat exchange is performed between the fuel cell stack heat management loop and at least one of the driving motor heat management loop, the power cell heat management loop and the heating loop, and the liquid in the fuel cell stack heat management loop is heated.

Further, when the fuel cell stack thermal management loop is controlled to exchange heat with at least one of the driving motor thermal management loop, the power cell thermal management loop and the heating loop so as to heat liquid in the fuel cell stack thermal management loop, the fuel cell stack thermal management method comprises the following steps: judging whether the heating loop is used for heating liquid in the power battery heat management loop or not; when the heating loop heats the liquid in the power battery thermal management loop, the fuel cell stack thermal management loop is controlled to exchange heat with the heating loop so as to heat the liquid in the fuel cell stack thermal management loop through the heating loop.

Further, the fuel cell stack thermal management method comprises the following steps: when the heating loop does not heat the liquid in the power battery heat management loop, acquiring the real-time temperature T02 of the driving motor heat management loop and the real-time temperature T03 of the power battery heat management loop, and judging the size relationship among T01, T02 and T03; when T02 is more than T03 and more than T01, controlling the heat management loop of the fuel cell stack to exchange heat with the heat management loop of the driving motor so as to heat liquid in the heat management loop of the fuel cell stack through the heat management loop of the driving motor; when T03 is more than T02 and more than T01, controlling the heat exchange between the fuel cell stack heat management loop and the power cell heat management loop so as to heat the liquid in the fuel cell stack heat management loop through the power cell heat management loop; and when the T01 is less than a third preset temperature T3, controlling the fuel cell stack heat management loop to perform heat exchange with the driving motor heat management loop and the power cell heat management loop at the same time so as to heat the liquid in the fuel cell stack heat management loop through the driving motor heat management loop and the power cell heat management loop together.

Further, the vehicle thermal management method comprises a driving motor thermal management method, and the driving motor thermal management method comprises the following steps: judging whether the vehicle is in a running state or not; when the vehicle is not in a running state, judging whether the vehicle is in a charging state; when the vehicle is in a charging state, controlling the liquid in the heat management loop of the driving motor to circularly flow, and adjusting the rotating speed of a second water pump and the rotating speed of a second fan in the heat management loop of the driving motor according to the real-time temperature of the vehicle-mounted charger so as to ensure that the vehicle-mounted charger works in a proper temperature range; when the vehicle is in a running state, the real-time temperature of each high-pressure part in the vehicle is obtained, and the rotating speed of the second water pump and the rotating speed of the second fan are controlled according to the highest real-time temperature of the real-time temperatures of the high-pressure parts, so that the high-pressure parts can work within a proper temperature range.

Further, the vehicle thermal management method comprises a power battery thermal management method, and the power battery thermal management method comprises the following steps: when the vehicle is in a discharging process or a charging process, acquiring a real-time temperature point T04 of the power battery, and judging the magnitude relation between the T04 and fourth preset temperature T4 and fifth preset temperature T5; when T04 is larger than T4, controlling the vehicle heat management system to enter a power battery cooling mode, starting a third water pump, controlling the liquid in the power battery heat management loop to circularly flow and sequentially pass through the third water pump, the power battery, a fifth three-way valve and a heat exchanger, and enabling the power battery heat management loop to exchange heat with a refrigeration loop so as to cool the liquid in the power battery heat management loop through the refrigeration loop; when T4 is larger than or equal to T04 and larger than or equal to T5, controlling the vehicle heat management system to enter a power battery heat equalizing mode, starting a third water pump, controlling liquid in a power battery heat management loop to circularly flow and sequentially pass through the third water pump, the power battery, a fifth three-way valve and a heat exchanger; and when T04 is less than T5, controlling the vehicle heat management system to enter a power battery heating mode, starting the third water pump, controlling the liquid in the fuel cell stack heat management loop to circularly flow and sequentially pass through the third water pump, the power battery, the fifth three-way valve and the heat exchanger, so that the heat exchange is carried out between the power battery heat management loop and at least one of the fuel cell stack heat management loop, the driving motor heat management loop and the heating loop, and the liquid in the fuel cell stack heat management loop is heated.

Further, the power battery thermal management method comprises the following steps: acquiring real-time temperature T05 in a fuel cell stack heat management loop and real-time temperature T02 in a driving motor heat management loop, and judging the size relationship among the T02, the T04 and the T05; when T05= T02= T04, controlling the power battery thermal management loop to exchange heat with the heating loop so as to heat liquid in the power battery thermal management loop through the heating loop; when T02 is larger than T05 and larger than T04, controlling the power battery heat management loop to exchange heat with the driving motor heat management loop so as to heat liquid in the power battery heat management loop through the driving motor heat management loop; when T05 is more than T02 and more than T04, controlling the power battery thermal management loop and the fuel cell stack thermal management loop to heat liquid in the power battery thermal management loop through the fuel cell stack thermal management loop; and when the T04 is lower than a sixth preset temperature T6, controlling the power battery heat management loop to perform heat exchange with the driving motor heat management loop and the fuel cell stack heat management loop so as to heat liquid in the power battery heat management loop through the driving motor heat management loop and the fuel cell stack heat management loop.

By applying the technical scheme of the invention, the vehicle thermal management system comprises: the fuel cell stack, the power battery, the driving motor and the heat exchanger; a fuel cell stack thermal management loop passing through the fuel cell stack and the heat exchanger to exchange heat with the fuel cell stack; the heat management loop of the driving motor is used for dissipating heat of the driving motor through the driving motor and the heat exchanger; the power battery heat management loop is used for exchanging heat with the power battery through the power battery and the heat exchanger; a heating loop passing through the heat exchanger; a refrigeration circuit passing through the heat exchanger; any two of the fuel cell stack heat management loop, the driving motor heat management loop, the power cell heat management loop, the heating loop and the refrigerating loop can exchange heat at the heat exchanger. Therefore, the vehicle thermal management system can control the vehicle thermal management system according to the real-time temperature of each part so as to thermally manage the fuel cell system, the driving motor, the power battery and each high-voltage part of the whole vehicle, realize the reutilization of waste heat of each part, reduce redundant parts in the vehicle thermal management system in the prior art, reduce the cost and weight of the whole vehicle, realize more accurate and efficient energy management, reduce the energy consumption required by the thermal management of the vehicle, improve the endurance mileage of the vehicle and solve the problem of overlarge energy consumption of the fuel cell vehicle thermal management system in the prior art.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiment(s) of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

FIG. 1 shows a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a vehicle thermal management system according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 illustrates a flow chart of a method of thermal management of a vehicle in heat exchange with a fuel cell stack according to the present invention;

FIG. 3 illustrates a flow chart of a method of thermal management of a vehicle in heat exchange with a drive motor and high voltage components in accordance with the present invention;

fig. 4 shows a flow chart when exchanging heat with a power battery in a vehicle thermal management method according to the present invention.

Wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:

1. a fuel cell stack; 2. a drive motor; 3. a power cell; 4. a heat exchanger; 5. a first water pump; 6. a first water tank; 7. a first heat sink; 8. a first fan; 9. a first three-way valve; 10. a second three-way valve; 11. a first temperature detection member; 12. a second temperature detection member; 13. a second water pump; 14. a second water tank; 15. a second heat sink; 16. a second fan; 17. high-voltage components; 18. a third three-way valve; 19. a fourth three-way valve; 20. a fifth three-way valve; 21. a third temperature detection member; 22. a fourth temperature detection means; 23. a third water pump; 24. a heating device; 25. a refrigeration device;

100. a fuel cell stack heat exchange loop; 200. a heat exchange loop of the driving motor; 300. a power battery thermal management loop; 400. a heating circuit; 500. a refrigeration circuit; 600. a first heat exchange loop; 700. a second heat exchange loop.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that, in the present application, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention provides a vehicle thermal management system comprising: the fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell stack 1, a power cell 3, a driving motor 2 and a heat exchanger 4; a fuel cell stack thermal management loop passing through the fuel cell stack 1 and the heat exchanger 4 to exchange heat with the fuel cell stack 1; the driving motor heat management loop is used for dissipating heat of the driving motor 2 through the driving motor 2 and the heat exchanger 4; the power battery thermal management loop 300 passes through the power battery 3 and the heat exchanger 4 to exchange heat with the power battery 3; a heating circuit 400 passing through the heat exchanger 4; a refrigeration circuit 500 passing through the heat exchanger 4; any two of the fuel cell stack heat management loop, the driving motor heat management loop, the power cell heat management loop 300, the heating loop 400 and the refrigerating loop 500 can exchange heat at the heat exchanger 4.

Therefore, the vehicle thermal management system can control the vehicle thermal management system according to the real-time temperature of each part so as to thermally manage the fuel battery system, the driving motor, the power battery and each high-voltage part of the whole vehicle, realize the recycling of waste heat of each part, reduce redundant parts in the vehicle thermal management system in the prior art, reduce the cost and weight of the whole vehicle, realize more accurate and efficient energy management, reduce the energy consumption required by the thermal management of the vehicle, improve the endurance mileage of the vehicle and solve the problem of overlarge energy consumption of the fuel battery vehicle thermal management system in the prior art.

As shown in fig. 1, the fuel cell stack heat management loop includes a fuel cell stack heat exchange loop 100 and a first heat exchange loop 600, the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop 100 passes through the fuel cell stack 1, both ends of the first heat exchange loop 600 are connected to the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop 100, and the first heat exchange loop 600 passes through a heat exchanger 4; the heat management loop of the driving motor comprises a heat exchange loop 200 of the driving motor and a second heat exchange loop 700, the heat exchange loop 200 of the driving motor passes through the driving motor 2, two ends of the second heat exchange loop 700 are both connected with the heat exchange loop 200 of the driving motor, and the second heat exchange loop 700 passes through the heat exchanger 4.

As shown in fig. 1, the second heat exchange loop 700 is connected to the power cell thermal management loop 300, and the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop 100 can directly supply hot liquid to the power cell thermal management loop 300 through the second heat exchange loop 700 to heat the power cell thermal management loop 300.

As shown in fig. 1, a vehicle thermal management system includes: a first water pump 5 disposed on the fuel cell stack heat exchange circuit 100 to drive the flow of the liquid in the fuel cell stack heat exchange circuit 100; a first water tank 6 connected to the fuel cell stack heat exchange circuit 100 to supply liquid to the fuel cell stack heat exchange circuit 100; a first radiator 7 disposed on the fuel cell stack heat exchange circuit 100 between an inlet of the first water pump 5 and the fuel cell stack 1; a first fan 8 positioned at one side of the first heat sink 7 and disposed toward the first heat sink 7 to dissipate heat of the first heat sink 7; wherein the first radiator 7 is connected to the first water tank 6 to discharge air to the first water tank 6.

Specifically, the first tank 6 is an expansion tank.

As shown in fig. 1, a vehicle thermal management system includes: the first three-way valve 9 is arranged on the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop 100, a first end of the first three-way valve 9 is connected with an outlet of the fuel cell stack 1, a second end of the first three-way valve 9 is connected with an inlet of the first radiator 7, and a third end of the first three-way valve 9 is connected with an inlet of the first water pump 5; the second three-way valve 10 is arranged on the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop 100, the first end of the second three-way valve 10 is connected with the inlet of the fuel cell stack 1, the second end of the second three-way valve 10 is connected with the outlet of the first water pump 5 and the third end of the first three-way valve 9, the third end of the second three-way valve 10 is connected with the inlet of the first heat exchange loop 600, and the outlet of the first heat exchange loop 600 is connected with the pipeline between the second three-way valve 10 and the fuel cell stack 1.

Specifically, the first three-way valve 9 and the second three-way valve 10 are both solenoid valves.

As shown in fig. 1, a vehicle thermal management system includes: a first temperature detection part 11 provided on the fuel cell stack heat exchange circuit 100 and located at an inlet of the fuel cell stack 1; and a second temperature detection part 12 disposed on the fuel cell stack heat exchange circuit 100 at an outlet of the fuel cell stack 1.

As shown in fig. 1, a vehicle thermal management system includes: a second water pump 13 disposed on the driving motor heat exchange circuit 200 to drive the flow of the liquid in the driving motor heat exchange circuit 200; a second water tank 14 connected to the fuel cell stack heat exchange circuit 100 to supply liquid to the fuel cell stack heat exchange circuit 100; the second radiator 15 is arranged on the driving motor heat exchange loop 200 and is positioned on one side of the second water pump 13 close to the outlet of the driving motor 2; a second fan 16 positioned at one side of the second heat sink 15 and disposed toward the second heat sink 15 to radiate heat from the second heat sink 15; the high-pressure part is arranged on the heat exchange loop 200 of the driving motor and is positioned between the second water pump 13 and the driving motor 2; wherein the second radiator 15 is connected with the second water tank 14 to discharge air to the second water tank 14.

In particular, the second tank 14 is an expansion tank.

As shown in fig. 1, a vehicle thermal management system includes: a third three-way valve 18 disposed on the heat exchange loop 200 of the driving motor, wherein a first end of the third three-way valve 18 is communicated with an outlet of the second water pump 13, a second end of the third three-way valve 18 is communicated with an inlet of the second radiator 15, and a third end of the third three-way valve 18 is communicated with an inlet of the second heat exchange loop 700; the fourth three-way valve 19 is arranged on the second heat exchange loop 700 and positioned between the third end of the third three-way valve 18 and the heat exchanger 4, and the fourth three-way valve 19 is communicated with the power battery thermal management loop 300; and the fifth three-way valve 20 is arranged at the inlet, close to the heat exchanger 4, of the power battery thermal management loop 300, and the fifth three-way valve 20 is communicated with the outlet of the second heat exchange loop 700.

Specifically, the third, fourth, and fifth three-

way valves

18, 19, and 20 are all solenoid valves.

As shown in fig. 1, a vehicle thermal management system includes: a third temperature detection part 21 provided on the driving motor heat exchange circuit 200 and located between the third three-way valve 18 and the second radiator 15; and a fourth temperature detection part 22 disposed on the driving motor heat exchange circuit 200 and between the second water pump 13 and the second radiator 15.

As shown in fig. 1, the vehicle thermal management system includes a third water pump 23 disposed on the power battery thermal management circuit 300 to drive the flow of the liquid in the power battery thermal management circuit 300.

As shown in fig. 1, a vehicle thermal management system includes: a heating device 24 disposed on the heating circuit 400 to heat the liquid in the heating circuit 400; and a refrigerating device 25 provided on the refrigerating circuit 500 to refrigerate the liquid in the refrigerating circuit 500.

The invention provides a vehicle which comprises the vehicle thermal management system.

As shown in fig. 2 to 4, the present invention further provides a vehicle thermal management method, which is suitable for the vehicle, where the vehicle thermal management method includes a fuel cell stack thermal management method, and the fuel cell stack thermal management method includes: when the vehicle is in a discharging process or a charging process, acquiring the real-time temperature T01 of the fuel cell stack 1, and judging the magnitude relation between the T01 and a first preset temperature T1 and a second preset temperature T2; when T01 is larger than T1, controlling the vehicle heat management system to enter a fuel cell stack cooling mode, starting a first water pump 5, controlling the liquid in the fuel cell stack heat management loop to circularly flow and sequentially pass through a first three-way valve 9, a first radiator 7, the first water pump 5, a second three-way valve 10 and the fuel cell stack 1, and controlling the cooling effect on the fuel cell stack 1 by controlling the rotating speed of the first water pump 5 and the rotating speed of a first fan 8, or controlling the liquid in the fuel cell stack heat management loop to circularly flow and sequentially pass through the first three-way valve 9, the first water pump 5, the second three-way valve 10, a heat exchanger 4 and the fuel cell stack 1, so as to cool the fuel cell stack heat management loop through a refrigeration loop 500; when T1 is more than or equal to T01 and more than or equal to T2, controlling the vehicle thermal management system to enter a fuel cell stack uniform heat mode, starting the first water pump 5, controlling the liquid in the fuel cell stack thermal management loop to circularly flow and sequentially pass through the first three-way valve 9, the first water pump 5, the second three-way valve 10, the heat exchanger 4 and the fuel cell stack 1; and when T01 is less than T2, controlling the vehicle thermal management system to enter a fuel cell stack heating mode, starting the first water pump 5, and controlling liquid in the fuel cell stack thermal management loop to circularly flow and sequentially pass through the first three-way valve 9, the first water pump 5, the second three-way valve 10, the heat exchanger 4 and the fuel cell stack 1, so that the fuel cell stack thermal management loop exchanges heat with at least one of the driving motor thermal management loop, the power cell thermal management loop 300 and the heating loop 400, and the liquid in the fuel cell stack thermal management loop is heated.

As shown in fig. 2, when the fuel cell stack thermal management loop is controlled to exchange heat with at least one of the driving motor thermal management loop, the power cell thermal management loop 300 and the heating loop 400 to heat the liquid in the fuel cell stack thermal management loop, the fuel cell stack thermal management method includes: judging whether the heating circuit 400 is heating the liquid in the power battery thermal management circuit 300; when the heating circuit 400 heats the liquid in the power cell thermal management circuit 300, the fuel cell stack thermal management circuit is controlled to exchange heat with the heating circuit 400 so as to heat the liquid in the fuel cell stack thermal management circuit through the heating circuit 400.

As shown in fig. 2, the fuel cell stack thermal management method includes: when the heating circuit 400 does not heat the liquid in the power battery thermal management circuit 300, acquiring the real-time temperature T02 of the driving motor thermal management circuit and the real-time temperature T03 of the power battery thermal management circuit 300, and judging the size relationship among T01, T02 and T03; when T02 is more than T03 and more than T01, controlling the heat management loop of the fuel cell stack to exchange heat with the heat management loop of the driving motor so as to heat liquid in the heat management loop of the fuel cell stack through the heat management loop of the driving motor; when T03 is more than T02 and more than T01, controlling the fuel cell stack heat management loop to exchange heat with the power cell heat management loop 300 so as to heat liquid in the fuel cell stack heat management loop through the power cell heat management loop 300; and when the T01 is less than the third preset temperature T3, controlling the fuel cell stack heat management loop to perform heat exchange with the driving motor heat management loop and the power cell heat management loop 300 at the same time so as to heat the liquid in the fuel cell stack heat management loop through the driving motor heat management loop and the power cell heat management loop 300 together.

Specifically, the fuel cell system controller (i.e. FCU) determines the thermal load state of the fuel cell system according to the real-time temperature T01 of the fuel cell stack 1 to control the operating state of the thermal management loop of the fuel cell stack, and the thermal management method of the fuel cell stack of the present invention is as follows:

(1) Cooling of fuel cell stack

Cooling in a running condition: when the real-time temperature T01 of the fuel cell stack 1 is greater than the first preset temperature T1, the fuel cell system controller (i.e., the FCU) takes the duty ratio corresponding to the real-time temperature T01 of the fuel cell stack 1 to control the rotation speed of the first water pump 5 and the rotation speed of the first fan 8. Meanwhile, whether the power battery 3 is in a cooling state is judged by the vehicle control unit, when the power battery is in the cooling state, the first three-way valve 9 and the second three-way valve 10 are controlled to act, so that the first three-way valve 9, the first water pump 5, the second three-way valve 10, the heat exchanger 4 and a loop where the fuel cell stack 1 is located are communicated, a heat management loop of the fuel cell stack is refrigerated through the refrigeration loop 500, and the cooling effect on the fuel cell stack 1 is controlled by controlling the rotating speed of the first water pump 5 and the rotating speed of a refrigeration fan of a refrigeration device 25 in the refrigeration loop 500, so that the fuel cell stack 1 is in a proper working temperature range; when the power battery 3 is not in a cooling state, the first three-way valve 9 and the second three-way valve 10 are controlled to act, so that the first three-way valve 9, the first radiator 7, the first water pump 5, the second three-way valve 10 are communicated with a loop where the fuel cell stack 1 is located, and the cooling effect on the fuel cell stack 1 is controlled by controlling the rotating speed of the first water pump 5 and the rotating speed of the first fan 8, so that the fuel cell stack 1 is in a proper working temperature range.

Cooling under other working conditions: after the whole vehicle is finished running, the fuel cell system controller needs to control the delayed working state of the first water pump 5 and the first fan 8 in the fuel cell stack heat management loop so as to avoid a certain area of the fuel cell stack 1 from generating large temperature rise in a short time.

In addition, when the fuel cell system controller judges that the real-time temperature T01 reported by the fuel cell stack 1 in a CAN network (controller area network) exceeds the maximum allowable temperature, the whole vehicle enters a fault mode, the fuel cell system controller limits the output power of the fuel cell stack 1, an instrument display power limiting indicator lamp of the vehicle, and the first water pump 5 and the first fan 8 in the heat management loop of the fuel cell stack keep the rotating speed of the previous working condition unchanged.

(2) Fuel cell stack uniform heating

A uniform heating mode: when the temperature T01 is between the first preset temperature T1 and the second preset temperature T2, controlling a first three-way valve 9 and a second three-way valve 10 in a heat management loop of the fuel cell stack to act so as to enable the first three-way valve 9, the first water pump 5, the second three-way valve 10, the heat exchanger 4 and the loop where the fuel cell stack 1 is located to be communicated, so as to ensure the circulating flow of liquid in the heat management loop of the fuel cell stack, and further avoid the rise of heat accumulation of the fuel cell stack 1.

(3) Fuel cell stack heating

During the discharging and charging process of the vehicle, the fuel cell system controller judges whether the fuel cell system needs to be heated according to the real-time temperature T01 of the fuel cell stack 1; when the real-time temperature T01 of the fuel cell stack 1 is smaller than the second preset temperature T2, a heating signal is sent to the vehicle control unit, the vehicle control unit controls a first three-way valve 9 and a second three-way valve 10 in a heat management loop of the fuel cell stack to act according to the heating signal fed back by the fuel cell system, so that the first three-way valve 9, a first water pump 5, the second three-way valve 10, a heat exchanger 4 and the loop where the fuel cell stack 1 is located are communicated, and the heat management loop of the fuel cell stack is heated by driving at least one of a motor heat management loop, a power cell heat management loop 300 and a heating loop 400, so that the fuel cell stack 1 is heated, and the fuel cell stack 1 is located in a proper working temperature range.

Heater heating mode: when the heating loop 400 heats the liquid in the power cell thermal management loop 300, the fuel cell stack thermal management loop is controlled to exchange heat with the heating loop 400 so as to heat the liquid in the fuel cell stack thermal management loop through the heating loop 400. In addition, when the real-time temperature T02 of the driving motor thermal management circuit and the real-time temperature T03 of the power cell thermal management circuit 300 are higher than the real-time temperature T01 of the fuel cell stack 1, the heater heating mode is exited.

Heating mode of heat management loop of driving motor: and when the real-time temperature T02 of the driving motor heat management loop is greater than the real-time temperature T03 of the power battery heat management loop 300 and the real-time temperature T03 of the power battery heat management loop 300 is greater than the real-time temperature T01 of the fuel cell stack 1, controlling the fuel cell stack heat management loop to exchange heat with the driving motor heat management loop so as to heat liquid in the fuel cell stack heat management loop through the driving motor heat management loop. In addition, when the real-time temperature T03 of the power battery thermal management loop 300 is greater than the real-time temperature T02 of the driving motor thermal management loop, the heating mode of the driving motor thermal management loop is exited.

Heating mode of thermal management loop of power battery: when the real-time temperature T03 of the power cell heat management loop 300 is greater than the real-time temperature T02 of the driving motor heat management loop and the real-time temperature T02 of the driving motor heat management loop is greater than the real-time temperature T01 of the fuel cell stack 1, controlling the fuel cell stack heat management loop to exchange heat with the power cell heat management loop 300 so as to heat liquid in the fuel cell stack heat management loop through the power cell heat management loop 300. In addition, when the real-time temperature T02 of the driving motor thermal management loop is greater than the real-time temperature T03 of the power battery thermal management loop 300, the heating mode of the driving motor thermal management loop is exited.

Hybrid heating mode: and when the real-time temperature T01 of the fuel cell stack 1 is lower than the third preset temperature T3, controlling the heat exchange of the fuel cell stack heat management loop, the driving motor heat management loop and the power cell heat management loop 300 so as to heat the liquid in the fuel cell stack heat management loop through the driving motor heat management loop and the power cell heat management loop 300 together.

As shown in fig. 3, the vehicle thermal management method includes a driving motor thermal management method, and the driving motor thermal management method includes: judging whether the vehicle is in a running state or not; when the vehicle is not in a running state, judging whether the vehicle is in a charging state; when the vehicle is in a charging state, controlling the liquid in the heat management loop of the driving motor to circularly flow, and adjusting the rotating speed of a second water pump 13 and the rotating speed of a second fan 16 in the heat management loop of the driving motor according to the real-time temperature of the vehicle-mounted charger so as to ensure that the vehicle-mounted charger works in a proper temperature range; when the vehicle is in a running state, the real-time temperatures of the high-pressure components 17 in the vehicle are acquired, and the rotating speed of the second water pump 13 and the rotating speed of the second fan 16 are controlled according to the highest real-time temperature of the real-time temperatures of the high-pressure components 17, so that the high-pressure components 17 are ensured to work in a proper temperature range.

The high-voltage components 17 in the vehicle include all high-voltage components that need to be thermally managed in the vehicle, which are referred to herein collectively and will not be described again, and the serial-parallel connection manner of these high-voltage components is also not discussed here too much.

The heat management method of the fuel cell stack comprises the following steps:

(1) Cooling of driving conditions

The vehicle control unit controls the rotating speed of the second water pump 13 and the rotating speed of the second fan 16 in the heat management loop of the driving motor according to the duty ratio corresponding to the highest real-time temperature in the real-time temperatures of the high-voltage components, so as to ensure that the high-voltage components 17 work in a proper temperature range.

(2) Cooling under charging condition

Under the charging working condition, only the vehicle-mounted charger (namely OBC) works, so that the vehicle control unit adjusts the rotating speed of the second water pump 13 and the rotating speed of the second fan 16 in the heat management loop of the driving motor according to the real-time temperature of the vehicle-mounted charger to ensure that the vehicle-mounted charger works in a proper temperature range.

(3) Cooling under other working conditions

When the whole vehicle runs or is charged, the whole vehicle controller needs to control the delayed working state of the second water pump 13 and the second fan 16 in the heat management loop of the driving motor so as to avoid a large temperature rise in a certain area in a short time.

Remarking: when the vehicle controller judges that the temperature reported by each high-voltage part 17 in the CAN network exceeds the maximum allowable temperature, the vehicle enters a fault mode, the vehicle controller limits the power of the vehicle, an instrument display power limiting indicator lamp of the vehicle, and the second water pump 13 and the second fan 16 keep the rotating speed of the previous working condition unchanged.

As shown in fig. 4, the vehicle thermal management method includes a power battery thermal management method, and the power battery thermal management method includes: when the vehicle is in a discharging process or a charging process, acquiring a real-time temperature point T04 of the power battery 3, and judging the magnitude relation between the T04 and fourth preset temperature T4 and fifth preset temperature T5; when T04 is greater than T4, controlling the vehicle thermal management system to enter a power battery cooling mode, starting the third water pump 23, controlling the liquid in the power battery thermal management loop 300 to circularly flow and sequentially pass through the third water pump 23, the power battery 3, the fifth three-way valve 20 and the heat exchanger 4, and enabling the power battery thermal management loop 300 to exchange heat with the refrigeration loop 500 so as to cool the liquid in the power battery thermal management loop 300 through the refrigeration loop 500; when T4 is more than or equal to T04 and more than or equal to T5, controlling the vehicle thermal management system to enter a power battery uniform heat mode, starting the third water pump 23, controlling the liquid in the power battery thermal management loop 300 to circularly flow and sequentially pass through the third water pump 23, the power battery 3, the fifth three-way valve 20 and the heat exchanger 4; and when T04 is less than T5, controlling the vehicle thermal management system to enter a power battery heating mode, starting the third water pump 23, and controlling the liquid in the fuel cell stack thermal management loop to circularly flow and sequentially pass through the third water pump 23, the power battery 3, the fifth three-way valve 20 and the heat exchanger 4, so that the power battery thermal management loop 300 exchanges heat with at least one of the fuel cell stack thermal management loop, the driving motor thermal management loop and the heating loop 400, and the liquid in the fuel cell stack thermal management loop is heated.

As shown in fig. 4, the power battery thermal management method includes: acquiring real-time temperature T05 in a fuel cell stack heat management loop and real-time temperature T02 in a driving motor heat management loop, and judging the size relationship among the T02, the T04 and the T05; when T05= T02= T04, controlling the power battery thermal management loop 300 to exchange heat with the heating loop 400 so as to heat the liquid in the power battery thermal management loop 300 through the heating loop 400; when T02 is more than T05 and more than T04, controlling the power battery thermal management loop 300 to exchange heat with the driving motor thermal management loop so as to heat the liquid in the power battery thermal management loop 300 through the driving motor thermal management loop; when T05 is more than T02 and more than T04, controlling the power battery thermal management loop 300 and the fuel cell stack thermal management loop to heat liquid in the power battery thermal management loop 300 through the fuel cell stack thermal management loop; and when the T04 is lower than a sixth preset temperature T6, controlling the power battery thermal management loop 300 to perform heat exchange with the driving motor thermal management loop and the fuel cell stack thermal management loop so as to heat the liquid in the power battery thermal management loop 300 through the driving motor thermal management loop and the fuel cell stack thermal management loop together.

Specifically, the power battery management system controller (namely BMS) judges the heat load state of the power battery management system according to the real-time temperature T04 of the power battery 3, and the power battery heat management method of the invention is as follows:

(1) Cooling of power battery

When the real-time temperature T04 of the power battery 3 is greater than the fourth preset temperature T4, the third water pump 23 is started, the liquid in the power battery thermal management loop 300 is controlled to circularly flow and sequentially pass through the third water pump 23, the power battery 3, the fifth three-way valve 20 and the heat exchanger 4, and the power battery thermal management loop 300 and the refrigeration loop 500 are subjected to heat exchange, so that the liquid in the power battery thermal management loop 300 is cooled through the refrigeration loop 500. Meanwhile, the vehicle control unit adjusts the working states of three cooling parts, namely the opening and closing of a water pump of a battery cooling loop, a fan gear of a refrigerating device and the opening and closing of a compressor according to different temperature points of the battery, so as to ensure that the power battery 3 works in a proper temperature range.

In addition, after the power battery is cooled, the power battery management system controller needs to perform delayed operation state control on the third water pump 23 in the power battery thermal management loop 300 and the fan in the refrigeration device 25, so as to avoid a large temperature rise in a certain area of the power battery 3 in a short time.

(2) Even heat of power battery

A uniform heating mode: when the real-time temperature T04 of the power battery 3 is between the fourth preset temperature T4 and the fifth preset temperature T5, the vehicle thermal management system is controlled to enter a power battery heat equalizing mode, the third water pump 23 is started, and the fourth three-way valve 19 and the fifth three-way valve 20 are controlled to act, so that the third water pump 23, the power battery 3, the fifth three-way valve 20 and the heat exchanger 4 are communicated, the liquid in the braking force battery thermal management loop 300 is ensured to flow circularly, and the increase of heat accumulation is avoided.

(3) Power battery heating

The power Battery Management System (BMS) monitors the battery temperature through a temperature sensor arranged in the power battery 3 to judge whether the power battery 3 needs to be heated, when the real-time temperature T04 of the power battery 3 is lower than a fifth preset temperature T5, a power battery management system controller sends a heating signal to a whole vehicle controller, and the whole vehicle controller determines which heating mode is started according to the real-time temperature of the power battery 3.

Heater heating mode: when the real-time temperature T05 in the fuel cell stack heat management loop, the real-time temperature T02 in the driving motor heat management loop and the real-time temperature T04 of the power battery 3 are equal (the basic error is within 3 degrees centigrade), controlling the power battery heat management loop 300 to exchange heat with the heating loop 400 so as to heat the liquid in the power battery heat management loop 300 through the heating loop 400. In addition, when the real-time temperature T02 of the driving motor thermal management circuit and the real-time temperature T05 of the fuel cell stack thermal management circuit are higher than the real-time temperature T04 of the power cell 3, the heater heating mode is exited.

Heating mode of heat management loop of driving motor: and when the real-time temperature T02 in the heat management loop of the driving motor is greater than the real-time temperature T05 in the heat management loop of the fuel cell stack and the real-time temperature T05 in the heat management loop of the fuel cell stack is greater than the real-time temperature T04 of the power battery 3, controlling the heat exchange between the power battery heat management loop 300 and the heat management loop of the driving motor so as to heat the liquid in the heat management loop 300 of the power battery through the heat management loop of the driving motor. And in addition, when the real-time temperature T03 of the fuel cell stack heat management loop is greater than the real-time temperature T02 of the driving motor heat management loop, the heating mode of the driving motor heat management loop is exited.

Fuel cell stack thermal management loop: and when the real-time temperature T05 in the fuel cell stack heat management loop is greater than the real-time temperature T02 in the driving motor heat management loop and the real-time temperature T02 in the driving motor heat management loop is greater than the real-time temperature T04 of the power battery 3, controlling the power battery heat management loop 300 and the fuel cell stack heat management loop to heat the liquid in the power battery heat management loop 300 through the fuel cell stack heat management loop. And in addition, when the real-time temperature T02 of the driving motor thermal management loop is greater than the real-time temperature T03 of the fuel cell stack thermal management loop, the heating mode of the driving motor thermal management loop is exited.

Mixed heating mode: and when the real-time temperature T04 of the power battery 3 is lower than the sixth preset temperature T6, controlling the power battery thermal management loop 300 to perform heat exchange with the driving motor thermal management loop and the fuel cell stack thermal management loop so as to heat the liquid in the power battery thermal management loop 300 through the driving motor thermal management loop and the fuel cell stack thermal management loop together.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above-described embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

the vehicle thermal management system of the present invention includes: the fuel cell system comprises a fuel cell stack 1, a power cell 3, a driving motor 2 and a heat exchanger 4; a fuel cell stack thermal management loop which passes through the fuel cell stack 1 and the heat exchanger 4 to exchange heat with the fuel cell stack 1; the driving motor heat management loop is used for dissipating heat of the driving motor 2 through the driving motor 2 and the heat exchanger 4; the power battery thermal management loop 300 passes through the power battery 3 and the heat exchanger 4 to exchange heat with the power battery 3; a heating circuit 400 passing through the heat exchanger 4; a refrigeration circuit 500 passing through the heat exchanger 4; any two of the fuel cell stack heat management loop, the driving motor heat management loop, the power cell heat management loop 300, the heating loop 400 and the refrigerating loop 500 can exchange heat at the heat exchanger 4. Therefore, the vehicle thermal management system can control the vehicle thermal management system according to the real-time temperature of each part so as to thermally manage the fuel battery system, the driving motor, the power battery and each high-voltage part of the whole vehicle, realize the recycling of waste heat of each part, reduce redundant parts in the vehicle thermal management system in the prior art, reduce the cost and weight of the whole vehicle, realize more accurate and efficient energy management, reduce the energy consumption required by the thermal management of the vehicle, improve the endurance mileage of the vehicle and solve the problem of overlarge energy consumption of the fuel battery vehicle thermal management system in the prior art.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an", and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

The relative arrangement of the components and steps, the numerical expressions, and numerical values set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application unless specifically stated otherwise. Meanwhile, it should be understood that the sizes of the respective portions shown in the drawings are not drawn in an actual proportional relationship for the convenience of description. Techniques, methods, and apparatus known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, further discussion thereof is not required in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present application, it is to be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by the directional terms such as "front, rear, upper, lower, left, right", "lateral, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom", etc., are generally based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are for convenience of description and simplicity of description only, and in the case of not making a reverse description, these directional terms do not indicate and imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation or be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present application; the terms "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the respective component itself.

For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "over … …", "over … …", "over … …", "over", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of one device or feature to another device or feature as shown in the figures. It will be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if a device in the figures is turned over, devices described as "above" or "on" other devices or configurations would then be oriented "below" or "under" the other devices or configurations. Thus, the exemplary term "above … …" may include both orientations of "above … …" and "below … …". The device may be otherwise variously oriented (rotated 90 degrees or at other orientations) and the spatially relative descriptors used herein interpreted accordingly.

It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", and the like are used to define the components, and are only used for convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components, and the terms have no special meanings unless otherwise stated, and therefore, the scope of protection of the present application is not to be construed as being limited.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vehicle thermal management system, comprising:

the device comprises a fuel cell stack (1), a power cell (3), a driving motor (2) and a heat exchanger (4);

a fuel cell stack thermal management loop passing through the fuel cell stack (1) and the heat exchanger (4);

a drive motor thermal management loop passing through the drive motor (2) and the heat exchanger (4);

a power battery thermal management loop (300) passing through the power battery (3) and the heat exchanger (4);

a heating circuit (400) passing through the heat exchanger (4);

a refrigeration circuit (500) passing through the heat exchanger (4);

wherein any two of the fuel cell stack thermal management circuit, the driving motor thermal management circuit, the power cell thermal management circuit (300), the heating circuit (400) and the cooling circuit (500) can exchange heat therebetween at the heat exchanger (4).

2. The vehicle thermal management system of claim 1,

the fuel cell stack heat management loop comprises a fuel cell stack heat exchange loop (100) and a first heat exchange loop (600), wherein the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop (100) passes through the fuel cell stack (1), two ends of the first heat exchange loop (600) are connected with the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop (100), and the first heat exchange loop (600) passes through the heat exchanger (4);

the heat management loop of the driving motor comprises a heat exchange loop (200) of the driving motor and a second heat exchange loop (700), the heat exchange loop (200) of the driving motor passes through the driving motor (2), two ends of the second heat exchange loop (700) are connected with the heat exchange loop (200) of the driving motor, and the second heat exchange loop (700) passes through the heat exchanger (4).

3. The vehicle thermal management system of claim 2, wherein the second heat exchange loop (700) is connected to the power cell thermal management loop (300).

4. The vehicle thermal management system of claim 2, comprising:

a first water pump (5) arranged on the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop (100) to drive the flow of liquid in the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop (100);

a first water tank (6) connected with the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop (100) to supply liquid to the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop (100);

a first radiator (7) arranged on the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop (100) and positioned between the inlet of the first water pump (5) and the fuel cell stack (1);

a first fan (8) located on one side of the first heat sink (7) and disposed toward the first heat sink (7) to dissipate heat of the first heat sink (7);

wherein the first radiator (7) is connected with the first water tank (6) to exhaust the first water tank (6).

5. The vehicle thermal management system of claim 4, comprising:

a first three-way valve (9) arranged on the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop (100), wherein a first end of the first three-way valve (9) is connected with an outlet of the fuel cell stack (1), a second end of the first three-way valve (9) is connected with an inlet of the first radiator (7), and a third end of the first three-way valve (9) is connected with an inlet of the first water pump (5);

the fuel cell stack heat exchange system comprises a second three-way valve (10) arranged on the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop (100), a first end of the second three-way valve (10) is connected with an inlet of the fuel cell stack (1), a second end of the second three-way valve (10) is connected with an outlet of a first water pump (5), and a third end of the second three-way valve (10) is connected with an inlet of the first heat exchange loop (600).

6. The vehicle thermal management system of claim 4, comprising:

a first temperature detection part (11) arranged on the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop (100) and positioned at an inlet of the fuel cell stack (1);

and the second temperature detection part (12) is arranged on the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop (100) and is positioned at the outlet of the fuel cell stack (1).

7. The vehicle thermal management system of claim 2, comprising:

a second water pump (13) disposed on the driving motor heat exchange circuit (200) to drive a flow of liquid in the driving motor heat exchange circuit (200);

a second water tank (14) connected with the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop (100) to supply liquid to the fuel cell stack heat exchange loop (100);

the second radiator (15) is arranged on the heat exchange loop (200) of the driving motor and is positioned on one side, close to the outlet of the driving motor (2), of the second water pump (13);

a second fan (16) located at one side of the second heat sink (15) and disposed toward the second heat sink (15) to dissipate heat of the second heat sink (15);

the high-pressure part (17) is arranged on the heat exchange loop (200) of the driving motor and is positioned between the second water pump (13) and the driving motor (2);

wherein the second radiator (15) is connected with the second water tank (14) to discharge air to the second water tank (14).

8. The vehicle thermal management system of claim 7, comprising:

a third three-way valve (18) arranged on the driving motor heat exchange loop (200), wherein a first end of the third three-way valve (18) is communicated with an outlet of the second water pump (13), a second end of the third three-way valve (18) is communicated with an inlet of the second radiator (15), and a third end of the third three-way valve (18) is communicated with an inlet of the second heat exchange loop (700);

a fourth three-way valve (19) is arranged on the second heat exchange loop (700) and located between the third end of the third three-way valve (18) and the heat exchanger (4), and the fourth three-way valve (19) is communicated with the power battery thermal management loop (300);

and a fifth three-way valve (20) is arranged at the inlet of the power battery thermal management loop (300) close to the heat exchanger (4), and the fifth three-way valve (20) is communicated with the outlet of the second heat exchange loop (700).

9. The vehicle thermal management system of claim 8, comprising:

a third temperature detection member (21) provided on the drive motor heat exchange circuit (200) and located between the third three-way valve (18) and the second radiator (15);

and a fourth temperature detection part (22) which is arranged on the driving motor heat exchange loop (200) and is positioned between the second water pump (13) and the second radiator (15).

10. The vehicle thermal management system according to claim 1, characterized in that it comprises a third water pump (23) arranged on the power battery thermal management circuit (300) to drive the flow of liquid in the power battery thermal management circuit (300).

11. The vehicle thermal management system of any of claims 1-10, comprising:

a heating device (24) arranged on the heating circuit (400) to heat the liquid in the heating circuit (400);

a refrigeration device (25) disposed on the refrigeration circuit (500) to refrigerate liquid in the refrigeration circuit (500).

12. A vehicle comprising the vehicle thermal management system of any of claims 1-11.

13. A vehicle thermal management method, adapted for use in a vehicle according to claim 12, comprising a fuel cell stack thermal management method comprising:

when the vehicle is in a discharging process or a charging process, acquiring the real-time temperature T01 of the fuel cell stack (1), and judging the magnitude relation between the T01 and a first preset temperature T1 and a second preset temperature T2;

when T01 is larger than T1, controlling the vehicle thermal management system to enter a fuel cell stack cooling mode, starting a first water pump (5), controlling the liquid in the fuel cell stack thermal management loop to circularly flow and sequentially pass through a first three-way valve (9), a first radiator (7), a first water pump (5), a second three-way valve (10) and the fuel cell stack (1), and controlling the cooling effect on the fuel cell stack (1) by controlling the rotating speed of the first water pump (5) and the rotating speed of a first fan (8), or controlling the liquid in the fuel cell stack thermal management loop to circularly flow and sequentially pass through the first three-way valve (9), the first water pump (5), the second three-way valve (10), the heat exchanger (4) and the fuel cell stack (1) to cool the fuel cell stack thermal management loop through the refrigeration loop (500);

when T1 is larger than or equal to T01 and larger than or equal to T2, controlling the vehicle thermal management system to enter a fuel cell stack uniform heat mode, starting a first water pump (5), controlling liquid in a fuel cell stack thermal management loop to circularly flow and sequentially pass through a first three-way valve (9), the first water pump (5), a second three-way valve (10), the heat exchanger (4) and the fuel cell stack (1);

when T01 is less than T2, the vehicle thermal management system is controlled to enter a fuel cell stack heating mode, a first water pump (5) is started, liquid in the fuel cell stack thermal management loop is controlled to circularly flow and sequentially pass through a first three-way valve (9), a first water pump (5), a second three-way valve (10), the heat exchanger (4) and the fuel cell stack (1), so that the fuel cell stack thermal management loop exchanges heat with at least one of the driving motor thermal management loop, the power cell thermal management loop (300) and the heating loop (400) to heat the liquid in the fuel cell stack thermal management loop.

14. The vehicle thermal management method of claim 13, wherein when controlling the stack thermal management loop to exchange heat with at least one of the drive motor thermal management loop, the power cell thermal management loop (300), and the heating loop (400) to heat a liquid in the stack thermal management loop, the stack thermal management method comprises:

judging whether the heating loop (400) is heating the liquid in the power battery thermal management loop (300);

when the heating loop (400) heats the liquid in the power cell thermal management loop (300), controlling the fuel cell stack thermal management loop to exchange heat with the heating loop (400) so as to heat the liquid in the fuel cell stack thermal management loop through the heating loop (400).

15. The vehicle thermal management method of claim 14, wherein the fuel cell stack thermal management method comprises:

when the heating loop (400) does not heat the liquid in the power battery thermal management loop (300), acquiring the real-time temperature T02 of the driving motor thermal management loop and the real-time temperature T03 of the power battery thermal management loop (300), and judging the size relation among T01, T02 and T03;

when T02 is more than T03 and more than T01, controlling the fuel cell stack heat management loop to exchange heat with the driving motor heat management loop so as to heat liquid in the fuel cell stack heat management loop through the driving motor heat management loop;

when T03 is more than T02 and more than T01, controlling the fuel cell stack thermal management loop to exchange heat with the power cell thermal management loop (300) so as to heat liquid in the fuel cell stack thermal management loop through the power cell thermal management loop (300);

and when the T01 is less than a third preset temperature T3, controlling the fuel cell stack heat management loop to perform heat exchange with the driving motor heat management loop and the power cell heat management loop (300) at the same time so as to heat the liquid in the fuel cell stack heat management loop through the driving motor heat management loop and the power cell heat management loop (300) together.

16. The vehicle thermal management method of claim 13, comprising a drive motor thermal management method comprising:

judging whether the vehicle is in a running state or not;

when the vehicle is not in a running state, judging whether the vehicle is in a charging state;

when the vehicle is in a charging state, controlling the liquid in the heat management loop of the driving motor to circularly flow, and adjusting the rotating speed of a second water pump (13) and the rotating speed of a second fan (16) in the heat management loop of the driving motor according to the real-time temperature of the vehicle-mounted charger so as to ensure that the vehicle-mounted charger works in a proper temperature range;

when the vehicle is in a running state, the real-time temperatures of all high-pressure components (17) in the vehicle are obtained, and the rotating speed of the second water pump (13) and the rotating speed of the second fan (16) are controlled according to the highest real-time temperature of the real-time temperatures of all the high-pressure components (17) so as to ensure that all the high-pressure components (17) work in a proper temperature range.

17. The vehicle thermal management method of claim 13, comprising a power cell thermal management method comprising:

when the vehicle is in a discharging process or a charging process, acquiring a real-time temperature point T04 of the power battery (3), and judging the magnitude relation between the T04 and fourth preset temperature T4 and fifth preset temperature T5;

when T04 is larger than T4, controlling the vehicle thermal management system to enter a power battery cooling mode, starting a third water pump (23), controlling the liquid in the power battery thermal management loop (300) to circularly flow and sequentially pass through the third water pump (23), the power battery (3), a fifth three-way valve (20) and the heat exchanger (4), and enabling the power battery thermal management loop (300) and the refrigeration loop (500) to exchange heat so as to cool the liquid in the power battery thermal management loop (300) through the refrigeration loop (500);

when T4 is larger than or equal to T04 and larger than or equal to T5, controlling the vehicle thermal management system to enter a power battery uniform heat mode, starting a third water pump (23), controlling liquid in the power battery thermal management loop (300) to circularly flow and sequentially pass through the third water pump (23), the power battery (3), a fifth three-way valve (20) and the heat exchanger (4);

when T04 is less than T5, controlling the vehicle thermal management system to enter a power battery heating mode, starting a third water pump (23), controlling the liquid in the fuel cell stack thermal management loop to circularly flow and sequentially pass through the third water pump (23), the power battery (3), a fifth three-way valve (20) and the heat exchanger (4), so that the power battery thermal management loop (300) exchanges heat with at least one of the fuel cell stack thermal management loop, the driving motor thermal management loop and the heating loop (400) to heat the liquid in the fuel cell stack thermal management loop.

18. The vehicle thermal management method of claim 17, wherein the power cell thermal management method comprises:

acquiring the real-time temperature T05 in the fuel cell stack heat management loop and the real-time temperature T02 in the driving motor heat management loop, and judging the size relationship among the T02, the T04 and the T05;

when T05= T02= T04, controlling the power battery thermal management loop (300) to exchange heat with the heating loop (400) so as to heat liquid in the power battery thermal management loop (300) through the heating loop (400);

when T02 is larger than T05 and larger than T04, controlling the power battery thermal management loop (300) to exchange heat with the driving motor thermal management loop so as to heat liquid in the power battery thermal management loop (300) through the driving motor thermal management loop;

when T05 is more than T02 and more than T04, controlling the power cell thermal management loop (300) and the fuel cell stack thermal management loop to heat liquid in the power cell thermal management loop (300) through the fuel cell stack thermal management loop;

and when T04 is lower than a sixth preset temperature T6, controlling the power battery thermal management loop (300) to perform heat exchange with the driving motor thermal management loop and the fuel cell stack thermal management loop so as to heat liquid in the power battery thermal management loop (300) through the driving motor thermal management loop and the fuel cell stack thermal management loop together.