CN115503187A - Forming method of multilayer rod end bearing - Google Patents
Forming method of multilayer rod end bearing Download PDFInfo
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- CN115503187A CN115503187A CN202211172646.9A CN202211172646A CN115503187A CN 115503187 A CN115503187 A CN 115503187A CN 202211172646 A CN202211172646 A CN 202211172646A CN 115503187 A CN115503187 A CN 115503187A
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- film
- spacer
- rod end
- end bearing
- die
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 239000005060 rubber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 106
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 claims description 33
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005238 degreasing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004513 sizing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009966 trimming Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002905 metal composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 64
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 11
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000043261 Hevea brasiliensis Species 0.000 description 1
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005062 Polybutadiene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002950 deficient Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920003052 natural elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001194 natural rubber Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002857 polybutadiene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C45/26—Moulds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29L—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS B29C, RELATING TO PARTICULAR ARTICLES
- B29L2009/00—Layered products
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of processing of multilayer rubber-metal composite elastic parts, in particular to a method for forming a multilayer rod end bearing, which comprises the steps of sequentially processing preformed rubber sheets in each rubber injection layer through a preformed die; then placing a mandrel, a plurality of layers of spacers, an outer sleeve and processed multi-layer preformed films of the rod end bearing in a die filling tool to form a preformed blank, wherein the die filling tool is provided with positioning grooves matched with the multi-layer spacers, and sequentially placing the mandrel, the layers of preformed films, the layers of spacers and the outer sleeve on the die filling tool from inside to outside; and then the preformed blank and a die-filling tool for placing the preformed blank are arranged in a finished product forming die together and further processed to prepare a finished product of the rod end bearing. The invention can solve the problem of spacer deformation in the manufacturing process of the multilayer rod end bearing, realizes the deformation-free vulcanization molding of products, can improve the product quality, and reduces the processing loss and the processing cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a forming method of a multilayer rod end bearing, and belongs to the technical field of processing of multilayer rubber-metal composite elastic pieces.
Background
The rod end bearing is an important vibration reduction connecting element, is mainly used on trains or high-speed rails, and bears the deflection angle and the radial load through the deformation of the rod end bearing when a train body bears the complex load working conditions of radial load, torsion load, deflection load and the like, so that the train body is prevented from turning on one side during running, the vibration of the train body can be reduced, and the running stability of the train body is improved.
The rod end bearing mostly adopts a pure metal joint form or a single-layer rubber joint vulcanized body form of a metal outer sleeve, a single-layer rubber layer and a metal inner sleeve; the pure metal joint form has poor environmental adaptability, is easy to wear particularly in a sand environment, often generates large-area abnormal sound in the practical application process, cannot improve the abnormal sound problem in the improvement of the metal joint, and has the disadvantages of reduced service life of the metal joint and high price; the metal outer sleeve, the single-layer rubber layer and the metal inner sleeve are small in radial rigidity of the rod end bearing in a single-layer rubber joint mode, only can bear small radial rigidity, the anti-deflection load capacity is poor, and the rubber layer is prone to folding and breaking in the using process, so that the service life of the spherical hinge is short.
Therefore, in order to increase the radial rigidity of the rubber body and enable the vehicle body to bear larger load, under many working conditions, a plurality of layers of spacers are added in the rubber layer, and the rubber layer is divided into a plurality of layers by the spacers to form a metal outer sleeve-rubber layer-metal spacer. At present, the forming method of the multilayer rod end bearing generally comprises the steps of installing an outer sleeve, a spacer, a mandrel and other iron parts in a mold, injecting rubber into a rubber injection layer between the outer sleeve and the spacer, between the spacer and between the spacer and the mandrel through a rubber injection device, and vulcanizing the outer sleeve, the multilayer spacer and the mandrel together, wherein the forming method mainly has the following problems:
1. the intraformational rubber of injecting glue between overcoat and the spacer, between spacer and the dabber is directly injected into in each injecting glue layer simultaneously by liquid form, and between the adjacent injecting glue layer, the pressure differential between inlayer injecting glue layer and the outer injecting glue layer is great, and it is very easy because big pressure differential causes the spacer to warp, fold, fracture and influence product quality in vulcanization.
2. When the spacer warp, the thickness of the intraformational rubber body of each layer injecting glue can be great with the required theoretical thickness deviation of current operating mode to influence rod end bearing's radial stiffness, influence the whole damping performance and the security performance of automobile body.
In summary, how to design a spacer that can effectively solve the problem of spacer deformation in the manufacturing process of a multi-layer rod end bearing, and further realize the non-deformation vulcanization molding of a product is a problem that needs to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for forming a multilayer rod end bearing, which comprises the steps of firstly processing rubber bodies in each glue injection layer into preformed rubber sheets at one time, and then carrying out secondary processing on preformed blanks formed by the preformed rubber sheets, an outer sleeve, a mandrel and a spacer to form a finished product of the rod end bearing; the invention can solve the problem of deformation of the spacer of the multilayer rod end bearing in the traditional one-step vulcanization molding method, improve the product quality and reduce the processing cost.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a method of forming a multi-layer rod end bearing, comprising the steps of:
s1: degreasing, roughening and cleaning a mandrel, a plurality of layers of spacers and a jacket of the rod end bearing;
s2: and coating adhesives for vulcanization on the surfaces of the mandrel, the multilayer spacers and the outer sleeve, which are required to be bonded with the rubber, and drying the adhesives for later use.
S3: designing a preforming mold according to the structural characteristics of each layer of rubber body of the rod end bearing; sequentially processing preformed rubber sheets of rubber bodies in each rubber injection layer of the product through a preformed die;
s4: placing a mandrel, a plurality of layers of spacers, an outer sleeve and the plurality of layers of preformed films processed in the step S3 into a die filling tool to form a preformed blank; the method specifically comprises the following steps: positioning grooves are formed in the die filling tool in a matching mode with the multiple layers of the partition pieces, the mandrel, the layers of the preforming films, the layers of the partition pieces and the outer sleeve are sequentially arranged on the die filling tool from inside to outside, the preforming films and the partition pieces are arranged between the mandrel and the outer sleeve at intervals, and the partition pieces are clamped in the positioning grooves;
s5: designing a finished product forming die according to structural characteristics of each component of the rod end bearing and a die-filling tool; and (4) putting the preformed blank together with a die filling tool into a finished product forming die and further processing to obtain a finished product of the rod end bearing.
Preferably, when the preformed film processed by the preforming mold in step S3 is ejected, the preformed film is cut into a strip-shaped structure including an opening, and then the preformed film is taken out from the preforming mold by using the taking-out fixture.
Preferably, the preforming mold in the step S3 includes a mold core, a mold frame, and a mold cavity located between the mold core and the mold frame, the size of the mold cavity is matched according to the size of each layer of rubber body in the rod end bearing, the mold core is provided with a glue injection plate, and the glue injection plate includes a glue injection runner communicated with the mold cavity; and passivating the cavity wall of the mold cavity and forming a passivation film to prevent the preformed film from sticking to the mold.
Preferably, the preforming process of the preformed sheet in the step S3 includes the steps of:
s31: preheating a preforming mold on a vulcanizing machine;
s32: when the pre-forming temperature is reached, filling rubber materials into the mold cavity through a rubber injection runner on the rubber injection plate;
s33: and preserving heat and pressure and filling the die cavity with the sizing material to finish the preforming operation of the preformed rubber sheet.
Preferably, the preforming temperature of the preformed rubber sheet in the step S32 is 60-110 ℃; the heat preservation and pressure maintaining time in the step S33 is 1-15 minutes.
Preferably, the preformed rubber sheet is a non-fully vulcanized mature rubber sheet with rubber compound-like flow characteristics; the dimension of the preformed rubber sheet is consistent with each dimension of the product rubber layer in the three-dimensional direction, and the tolerance is +/-10%.
Preferably, the die filling tool in the step S4 includes a base and a positioning hole formed in the middle of the base, and the positioning groove is formed in the upper end surface of the base; the distance between adjacent constant head tank sets up according to the thickness of every layer of rubber body in the specific product.
Preferably, in step S4, the steps of placing the upper mandrel, each layer of preformed rubber sheet, each layer of spacer and the outer sleeve by the mold tool are as follows:
s41: installing the mandrel in the positioning hole;
s42: the preformed rubber sheet and each layer of spacers are alternately placed on the base from inside to outside, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: the outer side of the mandrel is provided with an innermost pre-formed film, the outer side of the innermost pre-formed film is provided with an innermost spacer, the outer side of the innermost spacer is provided with a next pre-formed film, the rest spacers and the pre-formed films are arranged in sequence by analogy, and finally the outer sleeve is arranged on the outer side of the outermost pre-formed film to form a pre-formed blank.
Preferably, the placing step in step S42 is specifically as follows:
s421: the preformed film is sequentially provided with a first film and a second film from the innermost side to the outermost side, wherein the first film and the second film are the film n +1; the spacer is a first spacer and a second spacer from inside to outside in sequence; aligning the central weft of the first film with the central weft of the mandrel and tightly attaching the central weft to the outer wall of the mandrel;
s422: the positioning groove is sequentially a first positioning groove and a second positioning groove from inside to outside; the first separation piece is clamped in the first positioning groove, the inner wall of the first separation piece is attached to the outer wall of the first film, and the center weft of the first film is aligned with the center weft of the first separation piece;
s423: aligning the central weft of the second rubber sheet with the central weft of the first spacer and tightly attaching the central weft to the outer wall of the first spacer;
s424: the second separation piece is clamped in the second positioning groove, the inner wall of the second separation piece is attached to the outer wall of the second film, and the center weft of the second separation piece is aligned with the center weft of the second film;
sequentially placing the rest of the spacer and the preformed film;
s42n: the spacer n is clamped in the positioning groove n, the inner wall of the spacer n is tightly attached to the outer wall of the film n, and the center weft of the spacer n is aligned with the center weft of the film n;
s42n +1: aligning the central weft of the film n +1 with the central weft of the spacer n and tightly attaching the central weft to the outer wall of the spacer n;
s42n +2: placing the outer sleeve on the outer side of the film n +1;
and finishing the arrangement of the upper mandrel, each layer of preformed rubber sheets, each layer of spacers and the outer sleeve of the die-filling tool and forming a preformed blank.
Preferably, the step S5 of processing the preformed blank into the finished rod end bearing includes the following steps:
s51: preheating a finished product forming die;
s52: placing the die filling tool and the preformed blank body into a cavity of a finished product forming die together, and closing the die to perform vulcanization processing;
s53: and after vulcanization, releasing pressure and opening the die, taking out the finished product of the rod end bearing, forming each layer of rubber body by the preformed rubber sheet 1 in the rubber injection layer, and trimming off redundant flash on the rubber body to obtain the rod end bearing product.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the rod end bearing is formed by twice vulcanization processing, and specifically comprises the following components: firstly, vulcanizing and processing a preformed rubber sheet; preparing a preforming rubber sheet, a mandrel, a spacer and a jacket into a preforming blank; performing secondary vulcanization on the preformed blank to form a finished product of the rod end bearing; the forming method can avoid the problems of deformation and fracture of the spacers caused by overlarge pressure difference in different glue injection layers (namely between the mandrel and the spacer, between the spacer and between the spacer and the outer sleeve) in the traditional one-step vulcanization forming method, can realize deformation-free vulcanization forming of the multiple layers of spacers in the product, improves the quality of the rod end bearing, reduces processing defective products and reduces processing cost.
2. The cavity wall of the die cavity in the die-filling tool is passivated to form a passivation film, so that the problem of sticking of the film can be effectively solved, and the film can be conveniently demoulded.
3. The preforming blank is formed by placing a mandrel, a plurality of preforming films, a plurality of spacers and a jacket on a die filling tool layer by layer from inside to outside, and smooth assembly of the mandrel, the preforming films, the spacers and the jacket with a spherical structure can be ensured; simultaneously the preforming film is when putting its central weft aligns and pastes tightly with the central weft of spacer or overcoat for preforming film and dabber, spacer or overcoat zonulae occludens in the injecting glue layer, can further guarantee product quality.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic right view of a preform (mold filling tool is not shown).
Fig. 2 is a partially enlarged view of a portion a in fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a schematic front view of the mold tooling (showing a portion of the pre-formed film).
Fig. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a preforming tool.
Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view at B in fig. 4 (preformed film not shown).
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a pre-form film formed by a pre-form mold.
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a portion of a pre-formed film and a spacer.
The reference numerals include: the device comprises a preformed rubber sheet 1, a rubber sheet I1 a, a rubber sheet II 1b, a mandrel 2, a spherical surface 2a, a spacer 3, a spacer I3 a, a spacer II 3b, an outer sleeve 4, a die filling tool 5, a positioning groove I6 a, a positioning groove II 6b, a positioning hole 7, a die core 8, a spherical surface wall 8a, a die frame 9, a side straight wall 9a, a bottom straight wall 9b, a die cavity 10, a glue injection plate 11, a glue injection flow channel 12, a cavity wall 13, a section I14, a section II 15, an outer sleeve placing area 16, a rubber sheet I placing area 17, a rubber sheet II placing area 18 and an outer die 19.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to figures 1-7:
a method for forming a multilayer rod end bearing comprises the steps that the rod end bearing sequentially comprises a mandrel 2 and an outer sleeve 4 from inside to outside, a multilayer spacer 3 is arranged between the mandrel 2 and the outer sleeve 4, and the mandrel 2, the spacer 3 and the outer sleeve 4 are all of metal structures; the mandrel 2 can be in a solid mandrel form, an inner sleeve form or a mandrel form with a mounting handle, the mandrel 2 in the embodiment is in a solid mandrel form with a handle, and the mandrel 2 comprises a spherical surface 2a protruding towards one side of a central axis L far away from the mandrel 2; the number of the spacers 3 is usually 3-20 layers, the thickness is 0.3mm-2.2mm, and the spacers are specifically arranged according to the actual working condition requirements; the outer sleeve 4 can be provided with a handle according to actual requirements; between dabber 2 and spacer 3, between adjacent spacer 3, be the injecting glue layer between spacer 3 and the overcoat 4, including the rubber body in the injecting glue layer, through vulcanizing fashioned dabber 2, spacer 3, overcoat 4 and the rubber body and forming rod end bearing jointly.
The method of forming a rod end bearing includes the steps of:
s1: degreasing, roughening and cleaning a mandrel 2, a multilayer spacer 3 and an outer sleeve 4 of the rod end bearing;
s2: and coating an adhesive for vulcanization on the surfaces of the mandrel 2, the multilayer spacer 3 and the outer sleeve 4, which are required to be bonded with rubber, and drying the adhesive for later use.
S3: designing a preforming mold according to the structural characteristics of each layer of rubber body of the rod end bearing; sequentially processing a preformed rubber sheet 1 of the rubber body in each glue injection layer of the product through a preformed die;
as shown in fig. 4 and 5, the preforming mold in step S3 includes a mold core 8, a mold frame 9 and a mold cavity 10 located between the mold core 8 and the mold frame 9, the size of the mold cavity 10 is set according to the size of each layer of rubber body in the rod end bearing, and an outer mold 19 is further provided outside the mold frame 9; as shown in fig. 5, the mold cavity 10 in this embodiment is a structure adapted to the desired pre-formed film 1, and has two wide ends and a narrow middle part, and includes a spherical cavity wall; passivating the cavity wall 13 of the die cavity 10 to form a passivation film, wherein the cavity wall 13 comprises a side straight wall 9a and a bottom straight wall 9b which are positioned on the die frame 9, and also comprises a spherical wall 8a which is positioned on the die core 8, the spherical wall 8a forms a spherical cavity wall of the die cavity 10, and the preformed film 1 can be prevented from being stuck to the die by passivating the cavity wall 10; as shown in fig. 4, the mold core 8 is provided with a glue injection plate 11, the glue injection plate 11 includes a glue injection runner 12 communicated with the mold cavity 10, and glue is injected into the mold cavity 10 through the glue injection runner 12 and vulcanized into the pre-molded rubber sheet 1.
The preforming processing of the preforming sheet 1 in the step S3 includes the steps of:
s31: preheating a preforming mold on a vulcanizing machine;
s32: when the pre-forming temperature is reached, filling a glue material into the mold cavity 10 through the glue injection runner 12 on the glue injection plate 11; the preforming temperature is 60 to 110 ℃, and the preferable temperature is +/-70 ℃; the rubber material is natural rubber or butadiene rubber;
s33: preserving heat and pressure and filling the die cavity 10 with the sizing material to complete the preforming operation of the preformed rubber sheet 1; the heat preservation and pressure maintaining time is 1-15 minutes.
After the pre-formed rubber sheet 1 is vulcanized, as shown in fig. 6, the pre-formed rubber sheet 1 is an incompletely vulcanized mature rubber sheet with the flow characteristic of rubber compound; the size of the preformed rubber sheet 1 is consistent with each size of the product rubber layer in the three-dimensional direction, and the tolerance is +/-10%; meanwhile, when the pre-formed film 1 processed by the pre-forming die in step S3 is ejected, the pre-formed film 1 is cut to form a strip-shaped structure including an opening, as shown in (1) in fig. 7, the opening of the pre-formed film 1 includes a first section 14 and a second section 15, and then the pre-formed film 1 is taken out from the pre-forming die by using a pick-up clamp, so as to prevent the pre-formed film 1 from being contaminated, specifically, after the pre-formed film 1 is completely attached to the mandrel 2 or the spacer 3 along the spherical weft direction of the mandrel 2 or the spacer 3, as shown in (2) in fig. 7, the first section 14 of the opening in the pre-formed film (1) is abutted to the second section 15, and a closed loop is formed.
S4: placing a mandrel 2, a plurality of layers of spacers 3, an outer sleeve 4 and the plurality of layers of preformed films 1 processed in the step S1 into a die filling tool 5 to form a preformed blank; the method specifically comprises the following steps: as shown in fig. 3, positioning grooves are arranged on the die filling tool 5 and matched with the multilayer spacers 3, and the positioning grooves are a first positioning groove 6a and a second positioning groove 6b from inside to outside in sequence; sequentially placing a mandrel 2, each layer of preformed rubber sheet 1, each layer of spacer 3 and a jacket 4 on a die-filling tool 5 from inside to outside, wherein the preformed rubber sheet 1 and the spacer 3 are placed between the mandrel 2 and the jacket 4 at intervals, and the spacer 3 is clamped in a positioning groove; the preformed film 1 is sequentially provided with a first film 1a and a second film 1b from the innermost layer to the outermost layer; the spacer 3 is a first spacer 3a and a second spacer 3b from inside to outside in sequence.
The die filling tool 5 in the step S4 comprises a base and a positioning hole 7 formed in the middle of the base, and the positioning hole 7 is used for placing the mandrel 2; the positioning groove is arranged on the upper end surface of the base; the distance between adjacent constant head tank sets up according to the thickness of each injecting glue intraformational rubber body in the concrete product.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in step S4, the steps of placing the upper mandrel 2, the layers of preformed films 1, the layers of spacers 3 and the outer sleeve 4 of the mold-filling tool 5 are as follows:
s41: installing the mandrel 2 in the positioning hole 7;
s42: the preformed rubber sheet 1 and each layer of spacers 3 are alternately placed on the base from inside to outside, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps of placing an innermost-layer pre-formed rubber sheet 1 on the outer side of a mandrel 2, placing an innermost-layer spacer 3 on the outer side of the innermost-layer pre-formed rubber sheet 1, placing a next-layer pre-formed rubber sheet 1 on the outer side of the innermost-layer spacer 3, repeating the steps, placing the rest spacers 3 and the pre-formed rubber sheets 1 in sequence, and finally placing an outer sleeve 4 on the outer side of the outermost-layer pre-formed rubber sheet 1 to form a pre-formed blank.
The placing step in step S42 is specifically as follows:
s421: the preformed film 1 is sequentially provided with a first film 1a and a second film 1b from the innermost side to the outermost side; the spacer 3 is a first spacer 3a and a second spacer 3b from inside to outside in sequence; aligning the central weft of the first film 1a with the central weft of the mandrel 2 and tightly attaching the central weft to the outer wall of the mandrel 2;
s422: the positioning groove is sequentially provided with a first positioning groove 6a and a second positioning groove 6b from inside to outside; the first partition piece 3a is clamped in the first positioning groove 6a, the inner wall of the first partition piece 3a is attached to the outer wall of the first film 1a, and the center weft of the first film 1a is aligned with the center weft of the first partition piece 3 a;
s423: aligning the central weft of the second film 1b with the central weft of the first spacer 3a and attaching the central weft to the outer wall of the first spacer 3 a;
s424: the second partition 3b is clamped in the second positioning groove 6b, the inner wall of the second partition 3b is tightly attached to the outer wall of the second film 1b, and the center weft of the second partition 3b is aligned with the center weft of the second film 1 b;
sequentially placing the rest of the spacer 3 and the preformed rubber sheet 1;
s42n: the spacer n is clamped in the positioning groove n, the inner wall of the spacer n is tightly attached to the outer wall of the film n, and the center weft of the spacer n is aligned with the center weft of the film n;
s42n +1: aligning the central weft of the film n +1 with the central weft of the spacer n and tightly attaching the central weft to the outer wall of the spacer n;
s42n +2: placing the outer sleeve 4 at the outer side of the film n +1;
and finishing the placement of the upper mandrel 2, each layer of preformed rubber sheet 1, each layer of spacer 3 and the outer sleeve 4 of the die filling tool 5 and forming a preformed blank.
In step S5, the preformed blank is processed into a finished rod end bearing, including the following steps:
s51: preheating a finished product forming die;
s52: placing the die filling tool 5 and the preformed blank body into a cavity of a finished product forming die together, and performing die combination for vulcanization processing; in the vulcanization process, the pre-formed rubber sheet 1 pre-filled between every two layers of the spacers 3 can provide a strong interlayer supporting effect for the spacers 3 and reduce the possibility of deformation of the spacers 3 to the minimum, thereby realizing the deformation-free vulcanization molding of the rod end bearing; the essence of the preformed rubber sheet 1 is still rubber compound, the flowing property of the preformed rubber sheet is improved after the temperature is raised, and the preformed rubber sheet is subjected to heat preservation, pressure maintaining and vulcanization molding in a forming mold under the action of the pressure and the temperature of a vulcanizing machine;
s53: and after the vulcanization processing is finished, releasing pressure and opening the die, taking out the finished product of the rod end bearing, forming each layer of rubber body by the preformed rubber sheet 1 in the rubber injection layer, and trimming off redundant flash on the rubber body to obtain the rod end bearing product.
The above are merely examples of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to the field related to the embodiments, and the common general knowledge of the known specific structures and characteristics in the schemes is not described herein too much. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the scope of the present invention, several variations and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the patent. The scope of the claims of the present application shall be determined by the contents of the claims, and the description of the embodiments and the like in the specification shall be used to explain the contents of the claims.
Claims (10)
1. A method of forming a multi-layer rod end bearing, comprising the steps of:
s1: degreasing, roughening and cleaning a mandrel (2), a multilayer spacer (3) and an outer sleeve (4) of the rod end bearing;
s2: coating adhesives for vulcanization on the surfaces of the mandrel (2), the multilayer spacers (3) and the outer sleeve (4) which are required to be bonded with rubber, and drying the adhesives for later use;
s3: designing a preforming mold according to the structural characteristics of each layer of rubber body of the rod end bearing; sequentially processing a preformed rubber sheet (1) of the rubber body in each glue injection layer of the product through a preformed die;
s4: placing a mandrel (2) of the rod end bearing, a multilayer spacer (3), an outer sleeve (4) and the multilayer preformed film (1) processed in the step S3 into a die-filling tool (5) and forming a preformed blank; the method specifically comprises the following steps: the die filling tool (5) is provided with a positioning groove matched with the multiple layers of the spacers (3), the mandrel (2), the layers of preformed films (1), the layers of spacers (3) and the outer sleeve (4) are sequentially arranged on the die filling tool (5) from inside to outside, the preformed films (1) and the spacers (3) are arranged between the mandrel (2) and the outer sleeve (4) at intervals, and the spacers (3) are clamped in the positioning groove;
s5: designing a finished product forming die according to structural characteristics of each part of the rod end bearing and a die-filling tool (5); and (3) putting the preformed blank together with the die filling tool (5) into a finished product forming die and further processing to prepare a finished product of the rod end bearing.
2. The method for forming a multi-layer rod end bearing according to claim 1, wherein the pre-formed rubber sheet (1) processed by the pre-forming mold in step S3 is cut into a strip-shaped structure including an opening when the pre-formed rubber sheet (1) is removed from the pre-forming mold, and then the pre-formed rubber sheet (1) is removed from the pre-forming mold by using a removing jig.
3. The molding method of a multi-layer rod end bearing according to claim 2, wherein the pre-molding mold in step S3 comprises a mold core (8), a mold frame (9) and a mold cavity (10) located between the mold core (8) and the mold frame (9), the size of the mold cavity (10) is matched according to the size of each layer of rubber in the rod end bearing, the mold core (8) is provided with a glue injection plate (11), and the glue injection plate (11) comprises a glue injection runner (12) communicated with the mold cavity (10); the cavity wall (13) of the die cavity (10) is passivated and a passivation film is formed to avoid sticking of the preformed film (1).
4. A method of forming a multi-layer rod end bearing according to claim 3, wherein the pre-forming process of the pre-formed rubber sheet (1) in step S3 comprises the steps of:
s31: preheating a preforming mold on a vulcanizing machine;
s32: when the pre-forming temperature is reached, filling the glue into the die cavity (10) through a glue injection runner (12) on the glue injection plate (11);
s33: and preserving heat and pressure and filling the die cavity (10) with the sizing material to finish the preforming operation of the preformed rubber sheet (1).
5. A forming method of a multilayer rod end bearing according to claim 4, wherein in the step S32, the preforming temperature of the preforming film (1) is 60 ℃ to 110 ℃; the heat preservation and pressure maintaining time in the step S33 is 1-15 minutes.
6. A method of forming a multi-layer rod end bearing according to claim 5, wherein the pre-form rubber sheet (1) is an uncured mature rubber sheet having compound-like flow characteristics; the dimension of the preformed rubber sheet (1) is consistent with each dimension of the product rubber layer in the three-dimensional direction, and the tolerance is +/-10%.
7. A forming method of a multi-layer rod end bearing according to claim 6, wherein the die-filling tool (5) in step S4 comprises a base and a positioning hole (7) formed in the middle of the base, and the positioning hole is formed in the upper end surface of the base; the distance between adjacent constant head tank sets up according to the thickness of every layer of rubber body in the specific product.
8. A method of forming a multi-layer rod end bearing according to claim 7, wherein the step S4 of placing the upper mandrel (2), the layers of pre-formed rubber sheets (1), the layers of spacers (3), and the outer sleeve (4) in the mold tool (5) comprises the steps of:
s41: installing the mandrel (2) in the positioning hole (7);
s42: the preforming film (1) and each layer of spacer (3) are alternately placed on the base from inside to outside, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: the method comprises the steps of placing an innermost pre-formed film (1) on the outer side of a mandrel (2), placing an innermost spacer (3) on the outer side of the innermost pre-formed film (1), placing a next pre-formed film (1) on the outer side of the innermost spacer (3), repeating the steps, sequentially placing the rest spacer (3) and the pre-formed film (1), and finally placing an outer sleeve (4) on the outer side of the outermost pre-formed film (1) to form a pre-formed blank.
9. A method of forming a multi-layer rod end bearing according to claim 8, wherein the step of placing in step S42 is further defined as follows:
s421: the preformed film (1) is sequentially provided with a first film (1 a) and a second film (1 b) from the innermost side to the outermost side; the spacer (3) is sequentially a first spacer (3 a) and a second spacer (3 b) from inside to outside; aligning the central weft of the first film (1 a) with the central weft of the mandrel (2) and attaching the center weft to the outer wall of the mandrel (2);
s422: the positioning groove is sequentially provided with a first positioning groove (6 a) and a second positioning groove (6 b) from inside to outside; the first partition (3 a) is clamped in the first positioning groove (6 a), the inner wall of the first partition (3 a) is attached to the outer wall of the first film (1 a), and the center weft of the first film (1 a) is aligned with the center weft of the first partition (3 a);
s423: aligning the central weft of the second film (1 b) with the central weft of the first spacer (3 a) and attaching the central weft to the outer wall of the first spacer (3 a);
s424: the second partition (3 b) is clamped in the second positioning groove (6 b), the inner wall of the second partition (3 b) is attached to the outer wall of the second film (1 b), and the center weft of the second partition (3 b) is aligned with the center weft of the second film (1 b);
sequentially placing the rest of the spacer (3) and the preformed rubber sheet (1);
s42n: the spacer n is clamped in the positioning groove n, the inner wall of the spacer n is tightly attached to the outer wall of the film n, and the center weft of the spacer n is aligned with the center weft of the film n;
s42n +1: aligning the central weft of the film n +1 with the central weft of the spacer n and tightly attaching the central weft to the outer wall of the spacer n;
s42n +2: placing the coat (4) at the outer side of the film n +1;
and finishing the placement of the upper mandrel (2), each layer of preformed rubber sheet (1), each layer of spacer (3) and the outer sleeve (4) of the die filling tool (5) and forming a preformed blank.
10. A method of forming a multi-layer rod end bearing according to claim 9, wherein the step S5 of machining the pre-formed blank into a finished rod end bearing includes the steps of:
s51: preheating a finished product forming die;
s52: placing the die-filling tool (5) and the preformed blank body into a cavity of a finished product forming die together, and closing the die for vulcanization processing;
s53: and after vulcanization, releasing pressure and opening the die, taking out the finished product of the rod end bearing, and trimming off redundant flash on the rubber body to obtain the product of the rod end bearing.
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| CN202211172646.9A CN115503187A (en) | 2022-09-26 | 2022-09-26 | Forming method of multilayer rod end bearing |
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