CN115501404B - Hemodialysis instrument - Google Patents
Hemodialysis instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN115501404B CN115501404B CN202210999456.8A CN202210999456A CN115501404B CN 115501404 B CN115501404 B CN 115501404B CN 202210999456 A CN202210999456 A CN 202210999456A CN 115501404 B CN115501404 B CN 115501404B
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- rotating shaft
- ratchet
- central rotating
- spring
- gear
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M1/00—Suction or pumping devices for medical purposes; Devices for carrying-off, for treatment of, or for carrying-over, body-liquids; Drainage systems
- A61M1/14—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis
- A61M1/16—Dialysis systems; Artificial kidneys; Blood oxygenators ; Reciprocating systems for treatment of body fluids, e.g. single needle systems for hemofiltration or pheresis with membranes
- A61M1/1621—Constructional aspects thereof
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
- A61M2205/00—General characteristics of the apparatus
- A61M2205/82—Internal energy supply devices
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of medical treatment, in particular to a hemodialysis machine which comprises a pump shell, a hose, a central rotating shaft, a roller assembly, an energy storage assembly, a reversing assembly and a driving assembly, wherein one side of the pump shell is provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet, the energy storage assembly comprises a transmission rotating shaft and a spring plate, a coiled spring is arranged in the spring plate, the reversing assembly comprises a first ratchet mechanism, a second ratchet mechanism and a planetary gear mechanism, the driving assembly comprises a motor and a normally closed clutch switch, when the peristaltic pump works normally, the rotating force generated by the rotation of a pulley is transmitted to the coiled spring to store energy, after the peristaltic pump is powered off, the rotating force released by the coiled spring is reversed through the reversing assembly and transmitted to the pulley, so that the pulley can still continue to operate for a certain time, and in the time, a medical worker can start the standby power supply to drive the motor for rotating the pulley to supply power normally, and the influence on a patient due to sudden interruption of the power off is prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical treatment, in particular to a hemodialysis instrument.
Background
Hemodialysis is one of the renal replacement therapy modes for patients with acute and chronic renal failure. The method comprises the steps of draining in-vivo blood to the outside of the body, passing through a dialyzer consisting of innumerable hollow fibers, and exchanging substances between the blood and electrolyte solution with similar concentration of the body inside and outside the hollow fibers by dispersion, ultrafiltration, adsorption and convection principles to remove metabolic wastes in the body and maintain the balance of the electrolyte and acid and alkali; meanwhile, excessive water in the body is removed, the whole process of back transfusion of purified blood is called hemodialysis, a hemodialysis instrument is needed to be used when hemodialysis is carried out, the existing hemodialysis instrument comprises a circulating peristaltic pump, the circulating peristaltic pump needs to work by means of motor driving, but in the period from sudden power failure of a hospital to starting of a standby power supply, the traditional circulating peristaltic pump stops working, so that the hemodialysis process is affected, medical accidents can occur, life safety of a patient is threatened, and therefore, the hemodialysis instrument capable of continuously working for a period of time after power failure is necessary to be provided for the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on this, it is necessary to provide a hemodialysis machine in view of the prior art problems.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a hemodialysis machine comprising:
the top of the pump shell is of an opening structure, a semi-closed shell of a columnar accommodating groove is arranged in the center of the pump shell, and a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet which are communicated with the columnar accommodating groove are formed in the outer wall of one side of the pump shell;
the hose is embedded on the circumferential wall of the columnar accommodating groove in a U shape, and two ends of the hose are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet and the liquid outlet;
the central rotating shaft is vertically and rotatably arranged in the columnar accommodating groove, and the lower end of the central rotating shaft vertically and downwards passes through the bottom of the pump shell;
the roller assembly is arranged on the central rotating shaft and used for rotating and extruding the hose, so that liquid of the hose flows from the liquid inlet to the liquid outlet along the hose;
the energy storage assembly comprises a transmission rotating shaft and a spring plate, wherein the transmission rotating shaft is vertically arranged at the side of the central rotating shaft in a rotating way and is in transmission connection with the central rotating shaft, the steering direction of the transmission rotating shaft is opposite to that of the central rotating shaft, the spring plate is arranged right above the transmission rotating shaft, a coiled spring is arranged in the spring plate, and the upper end of the transmission rotating shaft is connected with the coiled spring and is used for rotationally driving the coiled spring to wind;
the reversing assembly comprises a first ratchet mechanism, a second ratchet mechanism and a planetary gear mechanism, the central rotating shaft drives the roller assembly to rotate through the first ratchet mechanism after rotating, the second ratchet mechanism is used for transmitting torque of the transmission rotating shaft to the planetary gear mechanism when the transmission rotating shaft reverses, and steering conversion is carried out through the planetary gear mechanism, so that the roller assembly rotates forwards again;
the driving assembly comprises a motor and a normally-closed clutch switch, the motor is vertically and fixedly arranged at the bottom of the pump shell, an output shaft of the motor is vertically upwards, the normally-closed clutch switch is arranged between the output shaft of the motor and the central rotating shaft, the normally-closed clutch switch transmits torque of the output shaft of the motor to the central rotating shaft when the motor is electrified, and the central rotating shaft is separated from the output shaft of the motor when the motor is powered off.
Further, the tank bottom of the columnar accommodating tank is fixedly provided with a first bearing which is vertical in the axial direction, the central rotating shaft and the inner ring of the first bearing are coaxially and fixedly connected and vertically penetrate through the pump shell downwards, the middle part of the central rotating shaft is coaxially and fixedly provided with a driving gear, and the driving rotating shaft is coaxially and fixedly provided with a driving gear meshed with the driving gear.
Further, the first ratchet mechanism includes:
the second bearing is coaxially sleeved at the upper end of the central rotating shaft, and the inner ring of the second bearing is fixedly connected with the central rotating shaft;
a first through hole is formed in the center of the first ratchet plate, the first through hole is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of the second bearing, and a circle of first ratchet is formed at the top of the first ratchet plate;
the first pawls are distributed on one side of the first ratchet wheel disc formed with first ratchet teeth in a circular array, each first pawl is meshed with the first ratchet teeth, and the first pawls are fixedly connected with the central rotating shaft through a first fixing frame;
the roller assembly is connected with the first ratchet plate.
Further, the roller assembly includes:
the connecting cylinder sleeve is vertically and coaxially sleeved on the central rotating shaft, and the top of the connecting cylinder sleeve is fixedly connected with the bottom of the first ratchet plate;
the two transverse struts are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the connecting cylinder sleeve in a symmetrical state, and the length direction of each transverse strut is consistent with the radial direction of the central rotating shaft;
two pulleys, every pulley links to each other with corresponding horizontal branch through the pulley yoke, and the axial of every pulley is vertical and every pulley all can laminate in the rotation of the perisporium of column holding tank.
Further, the second ratchet mechanism is arranged between the first ratchet mechanism and the driving gear, and the second ratchet mechanism comprises:
the third bearing is coaxially sleeved on the central rotating shaft, and the inner ring of the third bearing is fixedly connected with the central rotating shaft;
a second through hole is formed in the center of the second ratchet plate, the second through hole is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of the third bearing, and a second ratchet with the opposite direction to the first ratchet is formed at the top of the second ratchet plate;
the second pawls are distributed on one side of the second ratchet wheel disc formed second ratchet teeth in a circular array mode, each second pawl is meshed with the second ratchet teeth, and the second pawls are fixedly connected with the central rotating shaft through the second fixing frame.
Further, the planetary gear mechanism includes:
the central outer gear ring is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the second ratchet plate;
the annular gear frame is sleeved on the periphery of the central outer gear ring, and the bottom of the annular gear frame is fixedly connected with the bottom of the columnar accommodating groove;
the planetary gears are in circular array shaft connection in the annular gear carrier, and each planetary gear is meshed with the central outer gear ring;
the inner gear ring is arranged on the periphery of the plurality of planetary gears, the inner gear ring is meshed with each planetary gear, a plane bearing is arranged below the inner gear ring, the lower ring of the plane bearing is abutted against the annular gear frame, and the upper ring is abutted against the bottom of the inner gear ring;
the two connecting vertical plates are symmetrically arranged at the top of the annular gear, and the two ends of each connecting vertical plate are respectively and fixedly connected with the top of the annular gear and the bottom of the corresponding pulley yoke.
Further, the spring plate is a semi-closed cylindrical shell with an opening structure at the bottom, the coiled spring is movably arranged in the spring plate, the end part of the coiled spring, which is positioned at the outer edge, is fixedly connected with the spring plate, a circular cover plate is fixedly connected with the opening structure of the spring plate, and a central hole which is opposite to the center of the coiled spring and is used for the upper end of the transmission rotating shaft to pass through is formed in the circular cover plate.
Further, the rectangle that the shaping was had on the lateral wall of one side of pump case holds the storehouse with the rectangle that the pump case is linked together, the rectangle holds one side that the storehouse is kept away from the pump case and is open structure, the rectangle holds the storehouse internal fixation and is equipped with two horizontal support plates that are parallel to each other and upper and lower interval distribution, the top of the horizontal support plate that is located the top is fixed to be equipped with one and is vertical sleeve, telescopic inner wall inlays and is equipped with round rubber ring, the spring plate opening inserts down and locates in the rubber ring, and the outer wall of spring plate is laminated mutually with the inner wall of rubber ring, drive shaft locates between two horizontal support plates and drive shaft's both ends respectively with two horizontal support plates looks articulates, drive shaft's upper end upwards passes horizontal support plate and the centre bore that is located the top and the tip that the form clockwork spring is located the centre department in proper order links firmly, drive gear is located between two horizontal support plates.
Further, the motor is connected with the bottom of pump case through the rectangle fixing base, and the rectangle fixing base is shell form and wherein be the both sides of symmetry and be open structure, and the hole of dodging that supplies center pivot and motor output to pass is offered respectively to the top and the bottom of rectangle fixing base, and normally closed clutch switch includes:
the cylindrical accommodating shell is coaxially connected with an output shaft of the motor, the top of the cylindrical accommodating shell is of an opening structure, a plurality of vertical bosses in a circular array are formed on the inner wall of the cylindrical accommodating shell, and the top of each vertical boss is in a smooth round head shape;
the movable pressing plate is circular and coaxially movably arranged in the columnar accommodating shell, a plurality of grooves in a circular array are formed in the outer edge of the bottom of the movable pressing plate, the upper end of each vertical boss can be clamped in the corresponding groove, a vertical cylinder sleeve is formed in the center of the top of the movable pressing plate, the cylinder sleeve is movably sleeved at the bottom end of the central rotating shaft upwards, a plurality of vertical limit strips in a circular array are formed on the outer wall of the bottom end of the central rotating shaft, and a plurality of vertical limit grooves matched with the vertical limit strips are formed in the cylinder sleeve;
the spring is vertically arranged in the columnar accommodating shell, and two ends of the spring are respectively abutted against the bottom of the movable pressing plate and the bottom in the columnar accommodating shell;
the electromagnet is annular and embedded at the bottom of the columnar accommodating shell;
the annular iron ring is embedded at the bottom of the movable pressing plate and is opposite to the electromagnet.
Further, a transparent cover plate for closing the opening at the top of the pump shell is hinged to the top of the pump shell, and an installation cover plate for closing the opening of the rectangular accommodating bin is fixedly arranged on the opening of the rectangular accommodating bin.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects: compared with the traditional hemodialysis appearance, this device is when peristaltic pump normally works, that is when the pulley of this device carries out extrusion infusion to the hose, transmit the rotatory power that produces of pulley on rolling spring and carry out the energy storage, thereby when the outage, the rotatory power that releases rolling spring through the switching-over subassembly commutates and transmits on the pulley, make the pulley still can continue to function one end time, and in this period of time, medical care personnel can remove the back-up source and turn on the back-up source with the rotatory motor of drive pulley, carry out normal power supply, and then in this period of time of outage to turning on the back-up source, whole peristaltic pump still normally goes on, prevent that hemodialysis process from causing the influence to the patient because of outage abrupt interruption.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a perspective sectional view of the pump casing of the embodiment;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of A1 shown in FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of A2 indicated in FIG. 2;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of A3 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion of A4 of FIG. 2;
FIG. 7 is a perspective sectional view of a pump casing of the second embodiment;
FIG. 8 is an exploded perspective view of the roller assembly and reversing assembly of the embodiment;
FIG. 9 is an exploded view of the three-dimensional structure of the energy storage assembly of the embodiment;
fig. 10 is an exploded perspective view of the drive assembly of the embodiment.
The reference numerals in the figures are: 1. a pump housing; 2. a columnar accommodation groove; 3. a liquid inlet; 4. a liquid outlet; 5. a hose; 6. a central spindle; 7. a transmission rotating shaft; 8. a spring plate; 9. a coil spring; 10. a motor; 11. a first bearing; 12. a drive gear; 13. a transmission gear; 14. a second bearing; 15. a first ratchet plate; 16. perforating the first hole; 17. a first ratchet; 18. a first pawl; 19. a first fixing frame; 20. connecting a cylindrical sleeve; 21. a transverse strut; 22. a pulley; 23. a pulley frame; 24. a bearing III; 25. a second ratchet plate; 26. perforating the second hole; 27. a second ratchet; 28. a second pawl; 29. a second fixing frame; 30. a central outer ring gear; 31. an annular gear frame; 32. a planetary gear; 33. an inner gear ring; 34. a planar bearing; 35. connecting the vertical plates; 36. a circular cover plate; 37. a central bore; 38. a rectangular accommodating bin; 39. a horizontal support plate; 40. a sleeve; 41. a rubber ring; 42. rectangular fixing seats; 43. avoidance holes; 44. a columnar housing case; 45. a vertical boss; 46. a movable pressing plate; 47. a groove; 48. a cylindrical sleeve; 49. a vertical limit bar; 50. a vertical limit groove; 51. a spring; 52. an electromagnet; 53. an annular iron ring; 54. a transparent cover plate; 55. and installing a cover plate.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described in detail with reference to the drawings and the detailed description below, in order to further understand the features and technical means of the invention and the specific objects and functions achieved.
Referring to fig. 1 to 10, a hemodialysis machine includes:
the pump shell 1 is of an opening structure at the top and provided with a semi-closed shell with a columnar accommodating groove 2 at the center, and the outer wall of one side of the pump shell 1 is provided with a liquid inlet 3 and a liquid outlet 4 which are communicated with the columnar accommodating groove 2;
the hose 5 is embedded on the circumferential wall of the columnar accommodating groove 2 in a U shape, and two ends of the hose 5 are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet 3 and the liquid outlet 4;
the central rotating shaft 6 is vertically and rotatably arranged in the columnar accommodating groove 2, and the lower end of the central rotating shaft 6 vertically and downwards passes through the bottom of the pump shell 1;
the roller assembly is arranged on the central rotating shaft 6 and is used for rotating and extruding the hose 5, so that liquid of the hose 5 flows from the liquid inlet 3 to the liquid outlet 4 along the hose 5;
the energy storage assembly comprises a transmission rotating shaft 7 and a spring disc 8, wherein the transmission rotating shaft 7 is vertically arranged at the side of the central rotating shaft 6 in a rotating way and is in transmission connection with the central rotating shaft 6, the steering direction of the transmission rotating shaft 7 is opposite to that of the central rotating shaft 6, the spring disc 8 is arranged right above the transmission rotating shaft 7, a coiled spring 9 is arranged in the spring disc 8, and the upper end of the transmission rotating shaft 7 is connected with the coiled spring 9 and is used for rotationally driving the coiled spring 9 to be wound;
the reversing assembly comprises a first ratchet mechanism, a second ratchet mechanism and a planetary gear mechanism, wherein the central rotating shaft 6 drives the roller assembly to rotate through the first ratchet mechanism after rotating, and the second ratchet mechanism is used for transmitting the torque of the transmission rotating shaft 7 to the planetary gear mechanism when the transmission rotating shaft 7 reverses and carrying out steering conversion through the planetary gear mechanism so that the roller assembly rotates forwards again;
the driving assembly comprises a motor 10 and a normally closed clutch switch, wherein the motor 10 is vertically and fixedly arranged at the bottom of the pump shell 1, an output shaft of the motor 10 is vertically upwards, the normally closed clutch switch is arranged between the output shaft of the motor 10 and the central rotating shaft 6, the normally closed clutch switch transmits torque of the output shaft of the motor 10 to the central rotating shaft 6 when the motor 10 is electrified, and the central rotating shaft 6 is separated from the output shaft of the motor 10 when the motor 10 is powered off.
Referring to fig. 2 and 7, a first bearing 11 which is vertical in the axial direction is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the columnar accommodating groove 2, the central rotating shaft 6 is fixedly connected with the inner ring of the first bearing 11 in a coaxial manner and then vertically penetrates through the pump shell 1 downwards, a driving gear 12 is fixedly arranged in the middle of the central rotating shaft 6 in a coaxial manner, and a driving gear 13 meshed with the driving gear 12 is fixedly arranged on the driving rotating shaft 7 in a coaxial manner.
When the central rotating shaft 6 rotates, the driving gear 12 drives the transmission gear 13 meshed with the central rotating shaft to reversely rotate, so that the transmission rotating shaft 7 is driven to reversely rotate, and the winding spring 9 in the spring disc 8 is wound through the reversely rotation of the transmission rotating shaft 7, so that the winding spring 9 stores energy.
Referring to fig. 2, 3 and 8, the first ratchet mechanism includes:
the second bearing 14 is coaxially sleeved at the upper end of the central rotating shaft 6, and the inner ring of the second bearing 14 is fixedly connected with the central rotating shaft 6;
a first through hole 16 is formed in the center of the first ratchet plate 15, the first through hole is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of the second bearing 14, and a circle of first ratchet 17 is formed at the top of the first ratchet plate 15;
the first pawls 18 are distributed on one side of the first ratchet wheel disc 15, which is formed by the first ratchet wheel 17, in a circular array, each first pawl 18 is meshed with the first ratchet wheel 17, and the first pawls 18 are fixedly connected with the central rotating shaft 6 through a first fixing frame 19;
wherein the roller assembly is connected to a number one ratchet plate 15.
When the central rotating shaft 6 rotates, a plurality of first pawls 18 fixedly connected with the central rotating shaft 6 through a first fixing frame 19 are meshed with the first ratchet plate 15 and drive the first ratchet plate 15 to rotate, so that the first ratchet plate 15 can rotate to drive the roller assembly to squeeze and infuse the hose 5.
Referring to fig. 2 and 8, the roller assembly includes:
the connecting cylinder sleeve 20 is vertically sleeved on the central rotating shaft 6 in a coaxial manner, and the top of the connecting cylinder sleeve 20 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the first ratchet disc 15;
the two transverse struts 21 are fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the connecting cylinder sleeve 20 in a symmetrical state, and the length direction of each transverse strut 21 is consistent with the radial direction of the central rotating shaft 6;
and each pulley 22 is connected with the corresponding transverse strut 21 through a pulley frame 23, the axial direction of each pulley 22 is vertical, and each pulley 22 can be attached to the peripheral wall of the columnar accommodating groove 2 for rotation.
When the transverse strut 21 is processed, the transverse strut 21 can be processed into an elastic telescopic rod, and the pulley frame 23 is fixed on the elastic end, so that the pulley 22 has an inward retracting elastic force after contacting the hose 5, and the pulley 22 is prevented from directly and rigidly contacting the hose 5 after the hose 5 is injected with liquid, so that the hose 5 is extruded and swelled.
Referring to fig. 2, 4 and 8, a second ratchet mechanism is provided between the first ratchet mechanism and the drive gear 12, the second ratchet mechanism including:
the third bearing 24 is coaxially sleeved on the central rotating shaft 6, and the inner ring of the third bearing 24 is fixedly connected with the central rotating shaft 6;
a second through hole 26 is formed in the center of the second ratchet plate 25, the second through hole is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of the third bearing 24, and a second ratchet 27 with the opposite tooth direction to the first ratchet 17 is formed at the top of the second ratchet plate 25;
the second pawls 28 are distributed on one side of the second ratchet wheel disc 25, which is formed by the second ratchet wheel disc 25, each second pawl 28 is meshed with the second ratchet wheel 27, and the second pawls are fixedly connected with the central rotating shaft 6 through the second fixing frame 29.
Because the tooth direction of the second ratchet 27 is opposite to the tooth direction of the first ratchet 17, when the central rotating shaft 6 rotates, the first pawls 18 can drive the first ratchet disk 15 to rotate, the second pawls 28 can slide on the second ratchet 27 in a rotating way and can not drive the second ratchet disk 25 to rotate, the pulley 22 rotates to squeeze the hose 5 in the process, and the transmission rotating shaft 7 is driven by the central rotating shaft 6 to reversely rotate to wind and store energy for the coiled spring 9.
Referring to fig. 2, 5 and 8, the planetary gear mechanism includes:
the central outer gear ring 30 is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the second ratchet plate 25;
the annular gear frame 31 is sleeved on the periphery of the central outer gear ring 30, and the bottom of the annular gear frame 31 is fixedly connected with the bottom of the columnar accommodating groove 2;
a plurality of planetary gears 32 which are in a circular array and are axially connected in the annular gear carrier 31, wherein each planetary gear 32 is meshed with the central outer gear ring 30;
the inner gear ring 33 is arranged on the periphery of the plurality of planetary gears 32, the inner gear ring 33 is meshed with each planetary gear 32, a plane bearing 34 is arranged below the inner gear ring 33, the lower ring of the plane bearing 34 is in contact with the annular gear carrier 31, and the upper ring is in contact with the bottom of the inner gear ring 33;
the two connecting vertical plates 35 are symmetrically arranged at the top of the annular gear 33, and two ends of each connecting vertical plate 35 are respectively fixedly connected with the top of the annular gear 33 and the bottom of the corresponding pulley yoke 23.
When the central rotating shaft 6 is driven to rotate by the motor 10, the first pawl 18 fixedly connected with the central rotating shaft 6 drives the first ratchet wheel disc 15 to drive each pulley 22 to rotate and squeeze the hose 5, so that the rotating direction of the central rotating shaft 6 determines the flow direction of fluid in the hose 5, when the default central rotating shaft 6 rotates clockwise, the fluid in the hose 5 flows from the fluid inlet 3 to the fluid outlet 4, after the central rotating shaft 6 rotates clockwise, the first ratchet wheel disc 15 rotates clockwise, the second ratchet wheel disc 25 does not rotate, the driving gear 12 drives the transmission gear 13 to rotate anticlockwise, meanwhile, the transmission rotating shaft 7 rotates anticlockwise to drive the coiled spring 9 to wind and store energy, once the motor 10 is powered off, the coiled spring 9 releases elasticity to drive the transmission rotating shaft 7 to rotate clockwise, the transmission gear 13 rotates clockwise, the driving gear 12 rotates anticlockwise, then the central rotating shaft 6 rotates anticlockwise, the second pawls 28 are meshed with the second ratchet teeth 27 and drive the second ratchet wheel disc 25 to rotate anticlockwise, then the central outer gear ring 30 fixed on the outer wall of the second ratchet wheel disc 25 rotates anticlockwise and drives each planetary gear 32 to rotate clockwise, so that the inner gear ring 33 meshed with each planetary gear 32 rotates clockwise, then through the connection effect of the two connecting vertical plates 35, the two pulley frames 23 rotate clockwise and drive the two pulleys 22 to squeeze and infuse the hose 5, wherein when the central rotating shaft 6 rotates anticlockwise, the first pawls 18 rotate anticlockwise, the first ratchet wheel disc 15 is connected with the cylinder sleeve 20 and drives the clockwise, then each first pawl 18 rotates and slides on the first ratchet teeth 17 and does not interfere with the clockwise rotation of the first ratchet wheel disc 15, in this way, it is achieved that the pulley 22 will continue to operate for a period of time after the motor 10 is de-energized for the transport of liquid in the hose 5.
Referring to fig. 9, the spring plate 8 is a semi-closed cylindrical shell with an opening structure at the bottom, the winding spring 9 is movably arranged in the spring plate 8, the end part of the winding spring 9 at the outer edge is fixedly connected with the spring plate 8, a circular cover plate 36 is fixedly connected with the opening structure of the spring plate 8, and a central hole 37 which is opposite to the center of the winding spring 9 and is used for the upper end of the transmission rotating shaft 7 to pass through is formed in the circular cover plate 36.
When the spring plate 8 is pulled by the end of the winding spring 9 at the outer edge, that is, when the winding spring 9 is compressed to the extreme, the rotatably arranged spring plate 8 rotates, so that the winding spring 9 is prevented from being rotationally compressed to the extreme, and the motor 10 moves, so that the winding spring 9 is rotationally torn by the transmission rotating shaft 7.
Referring to fig. 2 and 9, a rectangular accommodating chamber 38 communicated with the pump casing 1 is formed on a side wall of one side of the pump casing 1, one side, away from the pump casing 1, of the rectangular accommodating chamber 38 is of an opening structure, two horizontal supporting plates 39 which are parallel to each other and distributed vertically at intervals are fixedly arranged in the rectangular accommodating chamber 38, a vertical sleeve 40 is fixedly arranged at the top of the upper horizontal supporting plate 39, a circle of rubber ring 41 is embedded in the inner wall of the sleeve 40, an opening of the spring disc 8 is downwards inserted into the rubber ring 41, the outer wall of the spring disc 8 is attached to the inner wall of the rubber ring 41, a transmission rotating shaft 7 is arranged between the two horizontal supporting plates 39, two ends of the transmission rotating shaft 7 are respectively connected with the two horizontal supporting plates 39 in a shaft mode, the upper end of the transmission rotating shaft 7 penetrates through the upper horizontal supporting plates 39 and a central hole 37 in sequence and is fixedly connected with the end portion, located at the center, of the coiled spring 9, of the transmission rotating shaft 13 is located between the two horizontal supporting plates 39.
When the winding spring 9 is driven to be wound by the transmission rotating shaft 7, the spring disc 8 is possibly driven to rotate by the winding spring 9 in the winding process, so that insufficient energy storage can be caused due to insufficient compression of the winding spring 9, the influence on the reverse rotation of the transmission rotating shaft 7 is caused, at this time, if the spring disc 8 has a rotating trend in the winding process of the winding spring 9, the rotating friction of the spring disc 8 is increased through the action of the rubber ring 41, the rotating force generated by the spring disc 8 is insufficient to overcome the rotating friction with the rubber ring 41, and therefore the spring disc 8 is in a stable state in the winding process of the winding spring 9 until the winding spring 9 is wound to be very close, and the spring disc 8 starts to rotate.
Referring to fig. 1 and 10, the motor 10 is connected to the bottom of the pump casing 1 through a rectangular fixing seat 42, the rectangular fixing seat 42 is in a shell shape, two symmetrical sides of the rectangular fixing seat 42 are both in an opening structure, the top and the bottom of the rectangular fixing seat 42 are respectively provided with an avoidance hole 43 for the central rotating shaft 6 and the output end of the motor 10 to pass through, and the normally closed clutch switch comprises:
the columnar accommodating shell 44 is coaxially connected with the output shaft of the motor 10, the top of the columnar accommodating shell 44 is of an opening structure, a plurality of vertical bosses 45 in a circular array are formed on the inner wall of the columnar accommodating shell 44, and the top of each vertical boss 45 is in a smooth round head shape;
the movable pressing plate 46 is circular and coaxially movably arranged in the columnar accommodating shell 44, a plurality of grooves 47 in circular arrays are formed in the outer edge of the bottom of the movable pressing plate 46, the upper end of each vertical boss 45 can be clamped in the corresponding groove 47, a vertical cylindrical sleeve 48 is formed in the center of the top of the movable pressing plate 46, the cylindrical sleeve 48 is movably sleeved at the bottom end of the central rotating shaft 6 upwards, a plurality of vertical limit strips 49 in circular arrays are formed on the outer wall of the bottom end of the central rotating shaft 6, and a plurality of vertical limit grooves 50 matched with the vertical limit strips 49 are formed in the cylindrical sleeve 48;
the spring 51 is vertically arranged in the columnar accommodating shell 44, and two ends of the spring 51 respectively contact with the bottom of the movable pressing plate 46 and the bottom in the columnar accommodating shell 44;
the electromagnet 52 is annular and embedded at the bottom of the columnar accommodating shell 44;
an annular iron ring 53 is embedded at the bottom of the movable pressing plate 46 and faces the electromagnet 52.
When the power is off, the electromagnet 52 is not electrified, the movable pressing plate 46 is propped upwards through the elastic support of the spring 51, so that the cylindrical sleeve 48 slides upwards on the central rotating shaft 6 until the bottom end of the central rotating shaft 6 is in contact with the top of the movable pressing plate 46, at the moment, the plurality of grooves 47 on the movable pressing plate 46 are separated from the plurality of vertical bosses 45 in the cylindrical accommodating shell 44, so that the rotation of the central rotating shaft 6 can not influence the output shaft of the motor 10, once the power is on, the motor 10 is started, the electromagnet 52 is electrified, at the moment, the rotating shaft of the motor 10 immediately rotates to drive the cylindrical accommodating shell 44 to rotate, the electromagnet 52 can attract the annular iron ring 53, so that the movable pressing plate 46 overcomes the elasticity of the spring 51 to move downwards until the plurality of vertical bosses 45 in the rotation are clamped in the grooves 47 on the movable pressing plate 46, at the moment, the movable pressing plate 46 can rotate together with the cylindrical sleeve 48 arranged on the top of the movable pressing plate 46, the central rotating shaft 6 can be driven to rotate, as long as the electromagnet 52 is always electrified, the output shaft of the motor 10 is always in a connected state with the central rotating shaft 6, and the cylindrical sleeve 48 is connected with the movable pressing plate 46, and the cylindrical sleeve 48 is required to be separated from the central rotating shaft 48 in the axial direction of the largest stroke of the cylindrical sleeve 48 when the movable pressing plate 46 is downwards, and the cylindrical sleeve 48 is required to be separated from the central rotating downwards, and the cylindrical sleeve 48 is required to move downwards, and the cylindrical sleeve 48 is down along the cylindrical sleeve 48, and has the length, and has the maximum axial length.
Referring to fig. 1, a transparent cover plate 54 for closing the top opening of the pump case 1 is hinged to the top of the pump case 1, and a mounting cover plate 55 for closing the opening of the rectangular accommodating chamber 38 is fixedly arranged on the opening of the rectangular accommodating chamber.
The transparent cover plate 54 is used for sealing the top opening of the pump shell 1 to prevent dust from falling into, the installation cover plate 55 is the same and is used for sealing the opening of the rectangular accommodating bin 38, wherein the transparent cover plate 54 is transparent, so that medical staff can observe the condition that the pulley 22 inside the pump shell 1 extrudes the hose 5 in real time, and once the hose 5 is extruded for a long time to generate cracks, the transparent cover plate 54 can be opened to replace the hose 5, and liquid is prevented from leaking into the pump shell 1 from the cracked hose 5.
Working principle:
when the power is on normally, the output shaft of the motor 10 drives the columnar accommodating shell 44 to rotate, the annular iron ring 53 embedded in the movable pressing plate 46 is attracted by the electromagnet 52, the movable pressing plate 46 moves downwards at the moment, the spring 51 is in a compressed state, when a plurality of vertical bosses 45 in the columnar accommodating shell 44 are clamped in a plurality of grooves 47 at the bottom of the movable pressing plate 46, a cylindrical sleeve 48 arranged at the top of the movable pressing plate 46 drives the central rotating shaft 6 to rotate, the central rotating shaft 6 simultaneously drives the driving gear 12 and a plurality of first pawls 18 to rotate, wherein the first pawls 18 drive the first pawl wheel 15 to drive the two pulleys 22 to extrude the hose 5, a plurality of second pawls 28 rotate and slide on the second ratchet 27 at the moment, so that the second ratchet wheel 25 cannot rotate, the driving gear 12 drives the driving gear 13 to rotate, the driving rotating shaft 7 rotates to wind the coiled spring 9, the spiral spring 9 is in an energy storage state, when the spiral spring 9 is wound until the limit, the spiral spring disc 8 rotates, once the power is cut off, the output shaft of the motor 10 stops rotating, meanwhile, the electromagnet 52 is powered off, the movable pressing plate 46 is upwards pushed by the reset elastic force of the spring 51, so that the grooves 47 are separated from the vertical bosses 45, the spiral spring 9 releases the elastic force, the driving rotating shaft 7 is driven to rotate reversely, the central rotating shaft 6 is driven to rotate through the driving action of the driving gear 13, the planetary gear mechanism is driven to rotate through the second ratchet disc 25, finally, the two pulleys 22 are driven to rotate continuously to extrude the flexible pipe 5, the pulley 22 can also rotate continuously to extrude and transmit liquid in the flexible pipe 5 in a period of time after the power is cut off, and meanwhile, the medical staff on site start the standby power supply of the hospital, the motor 10 is powered so that the whole hemodialysis process is not immediately terminated when the power is suddenly cut off, thereby effectively ensuring the treatment safety of the patient.
The foregoing examples merely illustrate one or more embodiments of the invention, which are described in greater detail and are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which are all within the scope of the invention. Accordingly, the scope of protection of the present invention is to be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. Hemodialysis machine, characterized in that it comprises:
the top of the pump shell (1) is of an opening structure, a semi-closed shell of the columnar accommodating groove (2) is arranged in the center of the pump shell, and a liquid inlet (3) and a liquid outlet (4) which are communicated with the columnar accommodating groove (2) are arranged on the outer wall of one side of the pump shell (1);
the hose (5) is embedded on the circumferential wall of the columnar accommodating groove (2) in a U shape, and two ends of the hose (5) are respectively communicated with the liquid inlet (3) and the liquid outlet (4);
the central rotating shaft (6) is vertically and rotatably arranged in the columnar accommodating groove (2), and the lower end of the central rotating shaft (6) vertically and downwards passes through the bottom of the pump shell (1);
the roller assembly is arranged on the central rotating shaft (6) and is used for rotating and extruding the hose (5), so that liquid of the hose (5) flows from the liquid inlet (3) to the liquid outlet (4) along the hose (5);
the energy storage assembly comprises a transmission rotating shaft (7) and a spring disc (8), wherein the transmission rotating shaft (7) is vertically arranged at the side of the central rotating shaft (6) in a rotating way and is in transmission connection with the central rotating shaft (6), the steering direction of the transmission rotating shaft (7) is opposite to that of the central rotating shaft (6), the spring disc (8) is arranged right above the transmission rotating shaft (7), a coiled spring (9) is arranged in the spring disc (8), and the upper end of the transmission rotating shaft (7) is connected with the coiled spring (9) and is used for rotationally driving the coiled spring (9) to be wound;
the reversing assembly comprises a first ratchet mechanism, a second ratchet mechanism and a planetary gear mechanism, the central rotating shaft (6) drives the roller assembly to rotate through the first ratchet mechanism after rotating, the second ratchet mechanism is used for transmitting torque of the transmission rotating shaft (7) to the planetary gear mechanism when the transmission rotating shaft (7) is reversed, and steering conversion is carried out through the planetary gear mechanism, so that the roller assembly is rotated forward again;
the driving assembly comprises a motor (10) and a normally closed clutch switch, the motor (10) is vertically and fixedly arranged at the bottom of the pump shell (1), an output shaft of the motor (10) is vertically upwards, the normally closed clutch switch is arranged between the output shaft of the motor (10) and the central rotating shaft (6), the normally closed clutch switch transmits torque of the output shaft of the motor (10) to the central rotating shaft (6) when the motor (10) is electrified, and the central rotating shaft (6) is separated from the output shaft of the motor (10) when the motor (10) is deenergized;
the first ratchet mechanism includes:
the second bearing (14) is coaxially sleeved at the upper end of the central rotating shaft (6), and the inner ring of the second bearing (14) is fixedly connected with the central rotating shaft (6);
a first through hole (16) is formed in the center of the first ratchet disc (15), the first through hole is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of the second bearing (14), and a circle of first ratchet teeth (17) are formed at the top of the first ratchet disc (15);
the first pawls (18) are distributed on one side of the first ratchet wheel disc (15) for forming first ratchet teeth (17) in a circular array, each first pawl (18) is meshed with the first ratchet teeth (17), the first pawls (18) are fixedly connected with the central rotating shaft (6) through a first fixing frame (19), and the roller assembly is connected with the first ratchet wheel disc (15);
the second ratchet mechanism is provided between the first ratchet mechanism and the drive gear (12), and includes:
the third bearing (24) is coaxially sleeved on the central rotating shaft (6), and the inner ring of the third bearing (24) is fixedly connected with the central rotating shaft (6);
a second through hole (26) is formed in the center of the second ratchet plate (25), the second through hole is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the outer ring of the third bearing (24), and a second ratchet (27) with the opposite tooth direction to the first ratchet (17) is formed at the top of the second ratchet plate (25);
a plurality of second pawls (28) are distributed on one side of a second ratchet wheel disc (25) for forming second ratchet teeth (27) in a circular array, each second pawl (28) is meshed with the second ratchet teeth (27), and the plurality of pawls are fixedly connected with the central rotating shaft (6) through a second fixing frame (29);
the planetary gear mechanism includes:
the central outer gear ring (30) is coaxially and fixedly sleeved on the outer wall of the second ratchet plate (25);
the annular gear frame (31) is sleeved on the periphery of the central outer gear ring (30), and the bottom of the annular gear frame (31) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the columnar accommodating groove (2);
a plurality of planetary gears (32) which are in a circular array and are axially connected in the annular gear carrier (31), wherein each planetary gear (32) is meshed with the central outer gear ring (30);
the inner gear ring (33) is arranged on the periphery of the plurality of planetary gears (32), the inner gear ring (33) is meshed with each planetary gear (32), a plane bearing (34) is arranged below the inner gear ring (33), the lower ring of the plane bearing (34) is abutted against the annular gear carrier (31), and the upper ring is abutted against the bottom of the inner gear ring (33);
the two connecting vertical plates (35) are symmetrically arranged at the top of the annular gear (33), and the two ends of each connecting vertical plate (35) are respectively fixedly connected with the top of the annular gear (33) and the bottom of the corresponding pulley yoke (23).
2. Hemodialysis machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the column-shaped containing groove (2) is fixedly provided with a first bearing (11) which is vertical in the axial direction, the central rotating shaft (6) is coaxially and fixedly connected with the inner ring of the first bearing (11) and then vertically penetrates through the pump shell (1) downwards, the middle part of the central rotating shaft (6) is coaxially and fixedly provided with a driving gear (12), and the driving rotating shaft (7) is coaxially and fixedly provided with a driving gear (13) meshed with the driving gear (12).
3. The hemodialysis machine of claim 1, wherein the roller assembly includes:
the connecting cylinder sleeve (20) is vertically sleeved on the central rotating shaft (6) in a coaxial mode, and the top of the connecting cylinder sleeve (20) is fixedly connected with the bottom of the first ratchet disc (15);
the two transverse struts (21) are symmetrically and fixedly arranged on the outer wall of the connecting cylinder sleeve (20), and the length direction of each transverse strut (21) is consistent with the radial direction of the central rotating shaft (6);
and each pulley (22) is connected with the corresponding transverse strut (21) through a pulley frame (23), the axial direction of each pulley (22) is vertical, and each pulley (22) can be attached to the peripheral wall of the columnar accommodating groove (2) for rotation.
4. Hemodialysis machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the spring plate (8) is a semi-closed cylindrical shell with an opening structure at the bottom, the winding spring (9) is movably arranged in the spring plate (8) and the end part of the winding spring (9) at the outer edge is fixedly connected with the spring plate (8), a circular cover plate (36) is fixedly connected with the opening structure of the spring plate (8), and a central hole (37) which is opposite to the center of the winding spring (9) and is used for the upper end of the transmission rotating shaft (7) to pass through is formed in the circular cover plate (36).
5. The hemodialysis machine of claim 4, wherein a rectangular accommodating bin (38) communicated with the pump shell (1) is formed on the side wall of one side of the pump shell (1), one side, far away from the pump shell (1), of the rectangular accommodating bin (38) is of an opening structure, two horizontal supporting plates (39) which are parallel to each other and distributed vertically at intervals are fixedly arranged in the rectangular accommodating bin (38), a sleeve (40) which is vertical is fixedly arranged at the top of the upper horizontal supporting plate (39), a circle of rubber ring (41) is embedded in the inner wall of the sleeve (40), the opening of the spring disc (8) is downwards inserted in the rubber ring (41), the outer wall of the spring disc (8) is attached to the inner wall of the rubber ring (41), a transmission rotating shaft (7) is arranged between the two horizontal supporting plates (39), two ends of the transmission rotating shaft (7) are respectively connected with the two horizontal supporting plates (39) in a shaft mode, the upper end of the transmission rotating shaft (7) sequentially penetrates through the upper horizontal supporting plates (39) and the central hole (37) to be fixedly connected with the end portion of the coil (9) located at the center, and the transmission gear (13) is located between the two horizontal supporting plates (39).
6. Hemodialysis machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the motor (10) is connected with the bottom of the pump housing (1) through a rectangular fixing seat (42), the rectangular fixing seat (42) is in a shell shape and two symmetrical sides are of an opening structure, the top and bottom of the rectangular fixing seat (42) are respectively provided with an avoidance hole (43) for the central rotating shaft (6) and the output end of the motor (10) to pass through, and the normally closed clutch switch comprises:
the columnar accommodating shell (44) is coaxially connected with the output shaft of the motor (10), the top of the columnar accommodating shell (44) is of an opening structure, a plurality of vertical bosses (45) which are in circular arrays are formed on the inner wall of the columnar accommodating shell (44), and the top of each vertical boss (45) is in a smooth round head shape;
the movable pressing plate (46) is circular and coaxially movably arranged in the columnar accommodating shell (44), a plurality of grooves (47) which are circular arrays are formed in the outer edge of the bottom of the movable pressing plate (46), the upper end of each vertical boss (45) can be clamped in the corresponding groove (47), a vertical cylinder sleeve (48) is formed in the center of the top of the movable pressing plate (46), the cylinder sleeve (48) is upwards movably sleeved at the bottom end of the central rotating shaft (6), a plurality of vertical limiting strips (49) which are circular arrays are formed in the outer wall of the bottom end of the central rotating shaft (6), and a plurality of vertical limiting grooves (50) which are matched with the vertical limiting strips (49) are formed in the cylinder sleeve (48);
the springs (51) are vertically arranged in the columnar accommodating shells (44), and two ends of each spring (51) are respectively abutted against the bottoms of the movable pressing plates (46) and the bottoms in the columnar accommodating shells (44);
the electromagnet (52) is annular and embedded at the bottom of the columnar accommodating shell (44);
the annular iron ring (53) is embedded at the bottom of the movable pressing plate (46) and is opposite to the electromagnet (52).
7. Hemodialysis machine, according to claim 5, characterized in that the top of the pump housing (1) is hinged with a transparent cover plate (54) for closing its top opening, and the opening of the rectangular housing bin (38) is fixedly provided with a mounting cover plate (55) for closing its opening.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210999456.8A CN115501404B (en) | 2022-08-19 | 2022-08-19 | Hemodialysis instrument |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210999456.8A CN115501404B (en) | 2022-08-19 | 2022-08-19 | Hemodialysis instrument |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN115501404A CN115501404A (en) | 2022-12-23 |
| CN115501404B true CN115501404B (en) | 2023-04-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202210999456.8A Active CN115501404B (en) | 2022-08-19 | 2022-08-19 | Hemodialysis instrument |
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| CN (1) | CN115501404B (en) |
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| CN115501404A (en) | 2022-12-23 |
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