CN115500300A

CN115500300A - Sinking type, floating type and suspension type freely-changeable net cage culture system and method

Info

Publication number: CN115500300A
Application number: CN202211319530.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高玉宗; 高原晨曦
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Beijing Sifanglian New Technology Development Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-26
Filing date: 2022-10-26
Publication date: 2022-12-23

Abstract

The invention relates to a submerged, floating and suspended freely-changeable net cage culture system and a method, wherein the system comprises a buoy arranged on the water surface, a net cage connected below the buoy and a suspension control system, the suspension control system comprises a connecting rope bridged on a guide pulley, a balance weight connected by the connecting rope and an anchoring part submerged into the water bottom, and the guide pulley is connected with the bottom of the buoy; the buoy comprises a buoy made of elastic materials, a pump for changing the volume of the buoy by inflating and deflating the buoy, and a remote control device for controlling the operation of the pump, wherein the buoy comprises an adjustable buoy, and the pump is connected with the adjustable buoy to control the inflation and deflation of the adjustable buoy; the minimum value of the total buoyancy of the buoy is smaller than the sum of all loads of the buoy, the net cage and the suspension control system, the maximum value of the total buoyancy of the buoy is larger than the sum of all loads, and the weight of the anchoring piece is far larger than the maximum buoyancy.

Description

Sinking type, floating type and suspension type freely-changeable net cage culture system and method

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of aquaculture net cage culture, in particular to a sinking type, floating type and suspension type freely-changeable net cage culture system and method.

Background

Cage culture is a production method for culturing fish by placing a cage made of net sheets in a certain water area, such as a water area on land or a water area on sea.

Land net cages are often arranged in lakes, rivers, reservoirs and other water areas with certain water flow, fresh water quality and high dissolved oxygen. The high-density intensive culture can be realized, and the yield per square meter can reach dozens of kilograms to dozens of kilograms according to the bottom area of the net cage. Mainly used for breeding carp, non-crucian carp, rainbow trout and the like, and also used for breeding silver carp, bighead carp, grass carp and megalobrama amblycephala in China. The area of each net cage is dozens of square meters, and the height of the net cage is 2-4 meters. The arrangement mode comprises 3 types of floating, fixed and sinking, so that the floating type is used more.

The offshore net cages are mostly arranged near offshore or island reefs and have water areas with certain water flow, fresh water quality and higher dissolved oxygen. The high-density intensive culture can be realized, and the yield per cubic meter can reach dozens of kilograms to dozens of kilograms according to the bottom area of the net cage. Mainly used for breeding high-end groupers and the like. The general scale of marine net cage fish culture is great, and the net cage bottom area all is more than 900 square meters, and the case height is more than 20 meters. Floating cages are usually provided. The box may preferably be rectangular or circular.

The net sheet (netting) is made of synthetic fiber or metal wire. The types of the net cages are divided into closed type and open type according to the assembly mode of the box body and the presence or absence of a cover net. Closed net cages are generally adopted for cultivating filter-feeding fishes or arranging the net cages in water areas with large storms and arranging the net cages on water surfaces needing overwintering; open type net cages are generally adopted for cage culture in water areas with smaller storms or with fishing function. The net cage is divided into rectangle, square, polygon and circle.

The sinking type net cage: the box body is totally closed, the whole net cage is submerged under water, the effective volume of the net cage which is not contacted with the water chamber net cage is not influenced by the change of the water level generally, and the net cage is suitable for being used in the water areas with larger stormy waves or for culturing filter-feeding fishes, which are not easy to be arranged in the floating fixed net cage. Meanwhile, the overwintering problem of the warm water type frozen water surface in winter can be solved by utilizing the submerged net cage. However, the fish culture mode is difficult to manage, for example, bait throwing, observation, fishing and the like are inconvenient, and large-scale industrial culture cannot be realized.

Floating net cage: the most widespread one is adopted. Compared with a fixed net cage, the net cage can be hung on a buoyancy device or a frame and floats along with the change of water level, and the effective volume of the net cage cannot be changed due to the change of the water level. The erection mode is mainly suitable for reservoirs, lakes, offshore and the like with deeper water bodies and smaller wind waves. The net cage is higher off the ground, so that the culture place can be transferred, and the water pollution caused by fish excrement and residual bait is relatively reduced, so that good water quality conditions can be always kept. However, the floating type net cages have poor wind and wave resisting capability, and once the net cages are damaged in extreme weather such as typhoon, the cultured fishes run out of the net cages instead of being crashed, so that the greatest bottleneck influencing and limiting the fish culture of the offshore net cages is realized.

The fixed net cage is fixed to the bottom of reservoir, lake, coastal waters etc. through the pile, and the interior water body of this type's net cage case is stable, and the net cage can freely float along with the water level lift, can rotate along with stormy waves and rivers, but can not resist great stormy waves, can only set up in more stable lake branch, reservoir bay, bay or return water bay of the surface of water department.

In the prior art, an attempt is made to combine submerged type and floating type net cage culture for floating type net cage culture, the floating type net cage is cultured at sea when no typhoon exists, the net cage is submerged in water to avoid damage of stormy waves when typhoon and rough waves occur, and the net cage is floated after the typhoon and is changed from the submerged type to the floating type culture. For example, patent 201210484519.2 discloses a lifting type wind wave-resistant deepwater net cage, a bag net is lifted by a lifting device arranged on a floating main frame, namely normal cultivation is realized on the sea level when the bag net is lifted, and when typhoon comes, the bag net is lowered below the sea level to avoid typhoon attack, so that safe production can be realized in an open sea area with the water depth of more than 40 meters. However, the lifting device is arranged on a floating main frame, when typhoon comes, the main frame can be impacted and damaged, and the typhoon comes to drift and is washed away without fixed anchoring, so that the control is difficult. The utility model discloses a 201721886014.3 anti-wave cage culture device then the come-up of adjusting the cage culture device through the compressed air in the flotation pontoon and the proportion difference of water and sink to the certain degree of depth position of surface of water, but this kind of mode needs the compressor to irritate gas exhaust, and the structure is complicated, with high costs, also has not fixed anchoring and the problem that loses control simultaneously. The invention patent 201410732999.9 is a butterfly-shaped net cage used for entering fish into a deep water area below, and does not say whether an inflatable floating frame sinks into water or not, namely a fishing net with a long height is respectively treated, and the composite net cage is not a net cage for cultivation, does not solve the problem of typhoon damage, and is not supported and positioned.

In addition, the depth of water in the sea is not suitable for piling, so the fixed net cage is also not suitable.

In conclusion, the prior art does not have a net cage culture system which can combine the advantages of a sinking type mode and a floating type mode to form a good suspension type.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a cage culture system and a method which can stably culture by using a sinking type and a fixed type water body, can utilize the convenience of floating type cage culture and can avoid typhoon by using a floating type cage.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a sinking, floating and floating freely-changeable net cage culture system comprises a buoy 1 arranged on the water surface, a net cage 2 connected below the buoy and a suspension control system 3, wherein the suspension control system comprises a connecting rope 34 bridged on a guide pulley 31, a counterweight 32 connected by the connecting rope 34 and an anchoring part 33 sinking to the water bottom, and the guide pulley 31 is connected with the bottom of the buoy 1; the float 1 comprises a float 11 made of elastic materials, a pump 12 for inflating and deflating the float 11 to change the volume of the float 11 and a remote control device 13 for controlling the operation of the pump 12, wherein the float 11 comprises an adjustable float 111, and the pump 12 is connected with the adjustable float 111 to control the inflation and deflation of the adjustable float; the minimum value of the total buoyancy of the buoy 1 is smaller than the sum of all loads of the buoy 1, the net cage 2 and the suspension control system 3, the maximum value of the total buoyancy of the buoy is larger than the sum of all loads, and the weight of the anchoring piece is far larger than the maximum buoyancy.

The buoy is provided with a platform 4, and the connecting rope 34 is a steel rope.

The buoy 11 is made of rubber or polyethylene elastic material; the float 11 is provided with an inflatable bag 113, and the inlet of the inflatable bag 113 is of a waterproof design; the pump 12 and the remote control 13 are arranged on the buoy 11 or on the air bag 113.

The buoy 11 also comprises a basic buoy 112 with unchanged volume after being inflated, the buoy 11 comprises a buoy group consisting of 2-3 buoys, at least one of the tubular buoys of the buoy group is an adjustable tubular buoy, and the tubular buoys are connected by structural members and can also be connected by adhesive structures.

The buoy 11 is formed by combining a plurality of groups of buoys, the buoys can be combined into a ring shape, a square shape, a rectangular shape, a circular shape, a triangular shape and the like, and the buoy 11 can be a tubular buoy; the buoy 11 can be integrally manufactured or can be manufactured in sections and then assembled and connected.

The guide pulley 31 is connected below the pontoon 11 by a connecting spreader or bracket 35, and a connecting rope connecting the counterweight 32 and the anchor 33 spans the two guide pulleys.

The counterweight 32 is provided with an adjustable float 111 and is connected to the pump 12.

A layer of miniature fish-like reef 21 is sparsely arranged at the bottom of the net cage 2.

The adjustable buoy 111 is connected with the electromagnetic valve 14; still include power supply unit, power supply unit includes drive power supply, drive power supply links to each other with submarine cable, or links to each other with the solar panel that sets up on the platform, or links to each other with tidal power generation device, or is connected with the storage battery.

The invention also provides a culture method of the sinking type, floating type and floating type freely-changeable net cage culture system, when the net cage needs to be floated up for floating culture, the remote control device 13 controls the pump 12 to maximize the volume of the adjustable buoy in the buoy 1, the buoy 1 on the net cage 2 floats to the water surface under the action of buoyancy, and the net cage continues to be in the water for floating culture; when typhoon or big wave is needed, the pump 12 is controlled by the remote control device 13 to deflate the adjustable buoy 11 in the buoy 1 temporarily so that the volume of the buoy 11 is reduced and the buoyancy is reduced, and then the action control of the suspension control system 3 is matched to enable the net cage 2 to sink and suspend in the water in the half-air to change suspension culture; when the remote control device 13 controls the pump 12 to change the volume of the buoy 11 in the buoy 1 to the minimum, the sum of all buoyancy is smaller than the sum of all loads, the net cage 2 sinks to the water bottom under the action of the self load, and the culture becomes sinking.

Has the advantages that:

the invention relates to a submerged, floating and suspended freely-changeable net cage culture system which is provided with a suspended control system, wherein the suspended control system comprises a counterweight 32 and an anchoring part 33, the counterweight 32 is connected with the anchoring part, the anchoring part is sunk into the water bottom, the buoy 11 is made of an elastic material, the buoy 11 comprises an adjustable buoy 111, the volume of the buoy 11 can be adjusted so as to change the buoyancy, the minimum value of the total buoyancy of the buoy 1 is smaller than the sum of all the loads comprising the buoy 1, the net cage 2 and the suspended control system 3 through design, the maximum value is larger than the sum of all the loads, and the weight of the anchoring part is larger than the maximum buoyancy. Therefore, when the total buoyancy of the float 1 is larger than the sum of all loads, the system is suspended on the water surface and is in a floating culture mode; when the total buoyancy is less than the sum of all loads, all components of the system sink to the seabed, and the system is a sinking type culture mode; when the total buoyancy is equal to the total load, the floating type cultivation device can be completely submerged into the sea bottom and is positioned at any depth, particularly below 10 meters, so that the influence of typhoon on sea surface facilities is avoided, and a suspension type cultivation mode is realized. Therefore, the system can freely change in a sinking type, a floating type and a suspension type. Because the anchoring part 33 sinking into the water bottom is arranged, and the weight of the anchoring part is far more than the maximum total buoyancy, even if typhoon exists, the system can not have the accidents of drifting, being washed away and the like when carrying out floating cultivation and sinking cultivation, and can not be taken away along with sea waves even if small wind and small waves carry out floating cultivation.

The buoy upper portion sets up the platform, can regard as patrolling and examining, rescue workstation, person of fishing platform, visitor's sightseeing, photography platform, marine camp site, marine barbecue kitchen platform, berth fishing boat pier, can further set up other facilities, for example solar energy facility, tidal power generation facility etc..

The buoy 11 is made of rubber or polyethylene elastic materials, so that deformation after stress can be absorbed, and damage similar to that of a fragile material after acceptance is avoided;

the pontoon 11 comprises a pontoon group consisting of 2-3 pontoons, which facilitates pontoon stabilization.

The counterweight 32 is provided with an adjustable buoy 111 and is connected with the pump 12, so that the volume of the counterweight buoy is increased when the volume of the counterweight buoy is increased during inflation, the counterweight downward tension is decreased when the volume of the counterweight buoy is increased when the net cage floats upwards under the drive of the buoyancy of the net cage or the counterweight buoy discharges air, and the counterweight downward tension is increased when the volume of the counterweight is decreased, and the net cage sinks under the action of the counterweight;

a layer of miniature fish-like reef 21 is sparsely arranged at the bottom of the net cage 2. Is convenient for plankton and microorganism to be implanted, provides natural food materials for fish and improves the culture environment. The micro fish reef has the effect similar to a coral reef and an artificial fish reef, but the traditional artificial fish reef is thrown at the seabed and is still, and the micro fish reef-like is thrown at the net bottom and moves along with the net.

The adjustable float 111 is connected to the solenoid valve 14 so that inflation is achieved by a pump and deflation is achieved by a solenoid valve.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the system of the present invention, and is also a schematic structural view of a floating farming mode;

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a semi-empty suspension culture mode of the system of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the submerged cultivation mode of the present invention submerged in the water;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a buoy set of the present invention and the connection to the platform and guide pulleys.

Reference numbers in the figures: 1. the system comprises a buoy, a 2, a net cage, a 3, a suspension control system, a 4, a platform, a 5, a seabed, a 31, a guide pulley, a 32, a counterweight, a 33, an anchoring part, a 34, a connecting rope, a 35, a lifting appliance or a support, 11, a buoy, a 12, a pump, a 13, a remote control device, 14, an electromagnetic valve, 111, an adjustable buoy, 112, a basic buoy, 113, an air bag, 21 and a miniature fish-like reef.

Detailed Description

The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:

referring to FIGS. 1-4: the invention relates to a sinking type, floating type and suspension type freely-changeable net cage culture system, which comprises a float 1 arranged on the water surface, a net cage 2 connected below the float, a suspension control system 3 and a platform 4 arranged on the float 1, wherein the suspension control system 3 comprises a connecting rope 34 bridged on a guide pulley 31, a counterweight 32 connected by the connecting rope 34 and an anchoring part 33 sunk to the water bottom, the guide pulley 31 is connected with the bottom of the float 1, and particularly is connected by a lifting appliance or a bracket 35, see the attached figure 4;

the float 1 comprises a float bowl 11 made of elastic materials, a pump 12 for inflating and deflating the float bowl 11 to change the volume of the float bowl 11, and a remote control device 13 for controlling the operation of the pump 12, wherein the float bowl 11 comprises an adjustable float bowl 111, the pump 12 is connected with the adjustable float bowl 111 to control the inflation and deflation of the adjustable float bowl, and the float bowl 11 further comprises a basic float bowl 112 with unchanged volume after inflation. Preferably, the buoys 11 comprise a buoy group consisting of 2-3 buoys, at least one of the tubular buoys of the buoy group is an adjustable tubular buoy, the tubular buoys are connected by structural members and can also be connected by an adhesive structure, fig. 4 shows that the buoy group consists of three buoys 11, one of the buoys is a basic buoy 112, the other two buoys are adjustable buoys 111, the adjustable buoys 111 are connected with electromagnetic valves 14, the electromagnetic valves 14 are connected with the electromagnetic valves 111, the air is discharged through a remote control device 13 to control the electromagnetic valves 14 to discharge air from the adjustable buoys 111, and the air is charged through the remote control device 13 to control the air pump 12 to charge air; the minimum value of the total buoyancy of the buoy 1 is smaller than the sum of all the loads of the buoy 1, the net cage 2 and the suspension control system 3, the maximum value is larger than the sum of all the loads, and the weight of the anchoring part 33 is far larger than the maximum buoyancy. Thus, when the total buoyancy of the buoy 1 is larger than the sum of all loads, the system of the invention is suspended on the water surface and is in a floating culture mode, namely, the culture mode of the buoy 1 on the water surface in figure 1; when the total buoyancy is smaller than the sum of all loads, all components of the system sink to the sea bottom, and the system is a sinking type culture mode, as shown in a culture mode that a net cage 2 is lowered to the ground, and the buoy 1 is in the water; when the total buoyancy is equal to the total load, the system can be completely submerged into the sea bottom and positioned at any depth, particularly below 10 meters, so as to avoid the influence of typhoon on sea surface facilities, thereby realizing a suspension culture mode, as shown in fig. 2, the buoy 1 and the net cage 2 are both in water, and due to the anchoring of the anchoring part 33, the suspension culture can be really realized, and the floating displacement caused by the disturbance of the sea bottom and ocean current can not be caused. Therefore, the system can freely change in a sinking type, a floating type and a suspension type. Because the anchoring part 33 sinking into the water bottom is arranged, and the weight of the anchoring part is far more than the maximum total buoyancy, even if typhoon exists, the system can not have the accidents of drifting, being washed away and the like when carrying out floating cultivation and sinking cultivation, and can not be taken away along with sea waves even if small wind and small waves carry out floating cultivation.

The connecting ropes 34 are preferably steel ropes whose length is set according to the requirements of the system to be set. According to the strength of the steel rope, the system can be arranged in sea areas with different depths, such as sea areas with the depth of 100 meters.

The system is provided with a power supply device, wherein the power supply device comprises a driving power supply, and the driving power supply is connected with a submarine cable, or connected with a solar panel arranged on a platform, or connected with a tidal power generation device, or connected with a battery.

The elastic material of the float bowl 11 is rubber or polyethylene elastic material; the buoy 11 is provided with an inflatable bladder 113, see fig. 4. The inlet of the inflatable bag 113 is designed to be waterproof; the pump 12 and the remote control 13 are arranged on the buoy 11 or on the air bag 113.

The buoy 11 is formed by combining a plurality of groups of buoys, the buoys can be combined into a ring shape, a square shape, a rectangular shape, a circular shape, a triangular shape and the like, and the buoy 11 can be a tubular buoy; the buoy 11 can be integrally manufactured or can be manufactured in sections and then assembled and connected. Each buoy group is provided with a suspension control system 3, and a plurality of groups can also be provided with a suspension control system.

The guide pulleys 31 are connected below the pontoon 11 by means of a connecting spreader or bracket 35, and a connecting rope 34 connecting between the counterweight 32 and the anchor 33 runs over both guide pulleys 31. The number of buoys in a group of buoys 11 is large, and a plurality of weights 32 and anchors 33 may be provided.

The counterweight 32 is provided with an adjustable buoy 111 and is connected with the pump 12, the electromagnetic valve 14 and the remote controller 13. Like this, volume grow buoyancy grow counter weight pulling down force diminishes when flotation pontoon 11 on counter weight 32 is aerifyd, and the net cage 2 come-up or the cursory 1 on the counter weight 32 is deflated under the drive of net cage 2 cursory buoyancy volume diminish counter weight pulling down force grow, and the net cage sinks under the effect of counter weight 32. The buoy 1 on the net cage 2 and the buoy 1 on the counterweight 32 can be inflated and deflated simultaneously or respectively in order to change buoyancy to drive the net cage 2 to float up and down. Half the distance from the counterweight to the sea floor is equal to the submerged depth of the cage (typically 10 meters is preferred). The anchoring part 33 sinks on the seabed like a ship anchor to play a positioning role, the weight of the anchoring part is far larger than the maximum buoyancy force, and the net cage can not shift when floating or being impacted by wind and waves. The suspension control device 3 consisting of the anchor 33 and the counterweight 32 can be symmetrically arranged on the buoy 1 by a plurality of groups to prevent inclination caused by uneven stress.

A layer of miniature fish-like reef 23 is sparsely arranged at the bottom of the net cage 2. Is convenient for plankton and microorganism to be implanted, provides natural food materials for fish and improves the culture environment. The micro fish reef 23 has the effect similar to that of a coral reef and an artificial fish reef, but the traditional artificial fish reef is thrown at the seabed and the micro fish-like reef is thrown at the bottom of the net and moves along with the net.

According to the method for cultivating the sinking type, floating type and floating type freely-changeable net cage cultivating system, when the net cage needs to float upwards for floating cultivation, the pump 12 is controlled through the remote control device 13, so that the volume of the adjustable buoy in the buoy 1 is maximized, the buoy 1 on the net cage 2 floats to the water surface under the action of buoyancy, and the net cage continues to float in the water for floating cultivation; when typhoon or big wave is needed, the pump 12 and the electromagnetic valve 14 are controlled by the remote control device 13 to deflate the adjustable buoy 11 in the buoy 1 temporarily so that the volume of the buoy 11 is reduced and the buoyancy is reduced, and then the action of the suspension control system 3 is matched to control so that the net cage 2 is sunk and suspended in the water in the air to change into suspension culture; when the remote control device 13 controls the pump 12 and the electromagnetic valve 14 to change the volume of the buoy 11 in the buoy 1 to the minimum, the sum of all buoyancy is smaller than the sum of all loads, the net cage 2 sinks to the water bottom under the action of the self load, and the culture becomes sinking.

The inflation and deflation of the buoy 1 are realized by remote control. The remote control can be freely carried out up and down, and the influence of extreme weather on the culture is reduced. No matter how large the typhoon is found through underwater monitoring, the typhoon hardly influences the depth of about ten meters under water, and the seawater does not move violently. Therefore, the scheme can well solve the problems. Floating cultivation occupies the water surface of a relevant water area, and influences the navigation and activities on the water surface of a small ship; suspension and sink type will not have this effect. Therefore, the invention can select a suitable mode for cultivation according to needs.

Claims

1. A sinking, floating and floating freely-changeable net cage culture system comprises a buoy (1) arranged on the water surface and a net cage (2) connected below the buoy, and is characterized by also comprising a suspension control system (3), wherein the suspension control system (3) comprises a connecting rope (34) bridged on a guide pulley (31), a counterweight (32) connected by the connecting rope (34) and an anchoring part (33) sunk into the water bottom, and the guide pulley (31) is connected with the bottom of the buoy (1); the buoy (1) comprises a buoy (11) made of elastic materials, a pump (12) for inflating and deflating the buoy (11) to change the volume of the buoy (11), and a remote control device (13) for controlling the operation of the pump (12), wherein the buoy (11) comprises an adjustable buoy (111), and the pump (12) is connected with the adjustable buoy (111) to control the inflation and deflation of the adjustable buoy; the minimum value of the total buoyancy of the buoy (1) is smaller than the sum of all loads of the buoy (1), the net cage (2), the suspension control system (3) and the like, the maximum value of the total buoyancy of the buoy is larger than the sum of all loads, and the weight of the anchoring piece (33) is far larger than the maximum buoyancy.

2. Sinking, floating and floating freely changeable net cage culture system according to claim 1, characterized in that the buoy is provided with a platform (4) and the connecting rope (34) is a steel rope.

3. The submerged, floating, suspended free-shifting cage culture system according to claim 1, wherein the buoys (11) are made of rubber or polyethylene elastic material; the buoy (11) is provided with an inflatable bag (113), and the inlet of the inflatable bag (113) is of a waterproof design; the pump (12) and the remote control device (13) are arranged on the buoy (11) or the inflatable bag (113).

4. A submerged, floating and floating freely-transformable net cage culture system according to claim 1, characterized in that the buoys (11) further comprise basic buoys (112) with constant volume after inflation, the buoys (11) comprise a buoy group consisting of 2-3 buoys, at least one of the tubular buoys of the buoy group is an adjustable buoy, and the buoys are connected with each other by structural members and can also be connected by adhesive structures.

5. The submerged, floating and suspended freely-transformable cage culture system according to claim 4, characterized in that the buoys (11) are composed of a plurality of groups of buoys, the buoys (11) can be combined into a ring, a square, a rectangle, a circle, a triangle, etc., and the buoys (11) can be tubular buoys; the buoy (11) can be integrally manufactured or can be manufactured in sections and then assembled and connected.

6. A submerged, floating, suspended free-shifting cage culture system according to claim 1, characterized in that the guide pulleys (31) are connected under the pontoon (11) by means of a connection spreader or bracket (35), and the connection rope connecting the counterweight (32) and the anchor (33) spans both guide pulleys.

7. A submerged, floating, suspended free-shifting cage culture system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the counterweight (32) is provided with an adjustable pontoon (111) and is connected to the pump (12).

8. The submerged, floating and suspended freely-changeable cage culture system according to claim 1, wherein a layer of micro fish-like reefs (21) is sparsely arranged at the bottom of the cage (2).

9. The submerged, floating, suspended freely-changeable cage culture system according to claim 2 or 7, characterized in that the adjustable buoy (111) is connected to a solenoid valve (14); still include power supply unit, power supply unit includes drive power supply, drive power supply links to each other with submarine cable, or links to each other with the solar panel that sets up on the platform, or links to each other with tidal power generation device, or is connected with the storage battery.

10. A method of using the free-floating, sinking, floating, suspended-type changeable cage culture system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein: when the net cage (2) needs to float upwards for floating culture, the remote control device (13) controls the pump (12) to maximize the volume of the adjustable buoy (111) in the buoy (1), the buoy (1) on the net cage (2) floats to the water surface under the action of buoyancy, and the net cage (2) continues to float in the water for floating culture; when typhoon or big wave is needed, the pump (12) is controlled by the remote control device (13) to deflate the adjustable buoy (11) in the buoy (1) temporarily so that the volume of the buoy (11) is reduced, the buoyancy is reduced, and the net cage (2) is controlled to sink and suspend in the water in the half-air by matching with the action of the suspension control system (3) so as to change suspension culture; when the remote control device (13) controls the pump (12) to change the volume of the buoy (11) in the buoy (1) to be minimum, the sum of all buoyancy is smaller than the sum of all loads, the net cage (2) sinks to the water bottom under the action of the self load, and the culture becomes sinking.