CN115497254A - Geological disaster monitoring and early warning system for loess slope on-line monitoring - Google Patents
Geological disaster monitoring and early warning system for loess slope on-line monitoring Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN115497254A CN115497254A CN202210903127.9A CN202210903127A CN115497254A CN 115497254 A CN115497254 A CN 115497254A CN 202210903127 A CN202210903127 A CN 202210903127A CN 115497254 A CN115497254 A CN 115497254A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- data
- monitoring
- early warning
- slope
- layer
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008054 signal transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008447 perception Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000001012 protector Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000008186 active pharmaceutical agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 2
- WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N lead(0) Chemical compound [Pb] WABPQHHGFIMREM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005536 corrosion prevention Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001808 coupling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012407 engineering method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006855 networking Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/10—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to calamitous events, e.g. tornados or earthquakes
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G08—SIGNALLING
- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B25/00—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems
- G08B25/01—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium
- G08B25/08—Alarm systems in which the location of the alarm condition is signalled to a central station, e.g. fire or police telegraphic systems characterised by the transmission medium using communication transmission lines
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of slope monitoring and early warning, and aims to provide a geological disaster monitoring and early warning system for loess slope on-line monitoring. According to the method, an online monitoring and early warning platform for the side slope is established by utilizing an online monitoring means, and the early warning can be timely carried out when large-area landslide and collapse occur, so that the economic loss and the personnel safety risk are reduced, meanwhile, the deformation data of the side slope can be collected, and a data support is provided for the deformation research of the loess side slope.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of slope monitoring and early warning, and particularly relates to a geological disaster monitoring and early warning system for loess slope on-line monitoring.
Background
The existing problem of the side slope is the problem of rain erosion and collapse of the loess slope, and the loess seems to exhibit a layering phenomenon of the loess in stages. The sedimentary stratum of the field is a fourth series of loose sediments, the lower part of the field is a third series of brick red argillaceous sandstone and sandy mudstone, and plain filling soil, loess, silty sand, argillaceous sandstone and sandy mudstone are sequentially arranged from top to bottom according to the distribution sequence of the stratum. Loess slope surface geological conditions are poor, and due to weather coupling effects such as heavy rainfall, slope surface erosion and collapse have the problem of slope body instability, and the safety is easily threatened.
In order to reduce the loss of the side slope disaster to the life and property safety of people, deformation monitoring and forecasting must be carried out on the side slope disaster in time. Deformation monitoring modes are various, a simple human engineering method is developed to the current high-precision measuring method by using an instrument, and at present, the slope deformation monitoring method mainly comprises the following steps: geodetic methods, close-range shooting methods, GPS methods, laser methods and the like, but the existing slope monitoring and monitoring control technologies mostly focus on single factor monitoring, and all have the problems of high monitoring cost, large analysis difficulty and the like, and related data obtained by a single monitoring method are often insufficient in accuracy and referential performance, so that the actual disaster occurrence condition of a slope cannot be completely reflected, and the monitoring safety early warning work of the slope has great potential safety hazards.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a geological disaster monitoring and early warning system for loess slope on-line monitoring, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a geological disaster monitoring and early warning system for loess slope on-line monitoring comprises a data sensing layer, a signal transmission layer, a data processing layer, a data receiving layer and a data terminal layer;
the data sensing layer comprises a plurality of GNSS base stations fixedly arranged on the loess slope, an image sensor, a displacement sensor, a pressure sensor, an inclinometer and a rain gauge and is used for providing measuring point information and monitoring data information of absolute deformation, relative deformation and rainfall of the slope;
the signal transmission layer comprises an LPWAN and a 4G/5G network and is used for realizing interactive communication between the data sensing layer and the data processing layer;
the data processing layer comprises a cloud data center, an analysis help center and an LOT platform and is used for realizing data stream processing and remote management control of equipment;
the data receiving layer is an API and is used for realizing data transmission of the data processing layer and the data terminal layer;
the data terminal layer comprises a data terminal and a mobile terminal and is used for realizing monitoring data display and data early warning.
The rain gauge and the image sensor are installed on a slope toe building.
The image sensor selects a camera.
And the GNSS base station, the displacement sensor, the pressure sensor, the inclinometer and the circuit of the rain gauge are connected with the collection box through pipeline protection.
The inside lightning protection system that still is provided with of collection box for carry out comprehensive protection to access equipment.
The lightning protection system comprises a power line lightning protection system, a communication line lightning protection system, an outdoor equipment direct lightning protection system and a grounding system.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, an online monitoring and early warning platform for the side slope is established by using an online monitoring means, so that the overall safety of the side slope is ensured, early warning can be timely carried out when large-area landslide and collapse occur, the economic loss and the personnel safety risk are reduced, meanwhile, the deformation data of the side slope can be collected, and data support is provided for the deformation research of the loess side slope.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of device networking according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a home page of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a data presentation page according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a data early warning page according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, the geological disaster monitoring and early warning system for loess slope on-line monitoring comprises a data sensing layer, a signal transmission layer, a data processing layer, a data receiving layer and a data terminal layer; the data sensing layer comprises a plurality of GNSS base stations fixedly arranged on the loess slope, an image sensor, a displacement sensor, a pressure sensor, an inclinometer and a rain gauge and is used for providing measuring point information and monitoring data information of absolute deformation, relative deformation and rainfall of the slope; the signal transmission layer comprises an LPWAN and a 4G/5G network and is used for realizing interactive communication between the data perception layer and the data processing layer; the data processing layer comprises a cloud data center, an analysis help center and an LOT platform and is used for realizing remote management control of data stream processing and monitoring equipment; the data receiving layer is an API and is used for realizing data transmission of the data processing layer and the data terminal layer; the data terminal layer comprises a data terminal and a mobile terminal and is used for realizing monitoring data display and data early warning.
The selection of each device in the data perception layer is shown in table 1.
Table 1 type selecting table for monitoring equipment
The monitoring content of each device in the data perception layer is shown in table 2.
Table 2 monitoring device monitoring content
The rain gauge and the image sensor are installed on a slope toe building, the rain gauge is fixedly installed on a house roof or an open place through expansion screws and is fixed by adopting cement piers, and the pouring method and the requirements of the cement piers of the rain gauge stand column are as follows: the construction of the concrete foundation is carried out according to the design of 30cm 45cm, at least 15cm of original concrete needs to be chiseled, the original steel bars are washed clean by clean water, and sand, cement and the like needed by concrete are specifically poured. According to the demand of the rain gauge, the pier body is designed without reinforcing bars, the masonry structure can be designed, the thickness of sand ash smeared on the outer layer of the original 24 square piers is not less than 30mm, the appearance polishing treatment is carried out, and a fixed steel part is embedded at the top end of the pier body.
The camera is selected for use by the image sensor, is fixed on the slope toe house wall, and the installation uses the inflation screw to consolidate decides the leg joint mode, and the camera ensures to see the slope complete picture.
As shown in fig. 2-5, the data terminal layer is used for displaying a slope device layout diagram, data operation conditions and early warning information, and is a data overview (as shown in fig. 3) of the whole monitoring platform, and a client can operate and query through a computer or a mobile phone client; the data display of the monitoring platform is mainly graph display, defaults to 1-day data change, and simultaneously comprises the functions of data comparison and analysis, data report downloading, manual data uploading and the like (as shown in figure 4); the data early warning comprises equipment early warning and project early warning (as shown in fig. 5), a one-way threshold value can be set, a two-way threshold value (such as displacement, temperature, acceleration and the like) can also be set, and the mobile terminal also has the functions of checking monitoring data, uploading artificial reports and pictures, receiving early warning information, reporting abnormal conditions and the like.
The lines of the GNSS base station, the displacement sensor, the pressure sensor, the inclinometer and the rain gauge are connected with the collection box through pipeline protection, the collection box is internally provided with a lightning protection system, the lightning protection system comprises power line lightning protection, communication line lightning protection and outdoor equipment direct lightning protection and grounding system, and the GNSS base station, the displacement sensor, the pressure sensor, the inclinometer and the rain gauge can comprehensively protect access equipment by adopting multiple sets of lightning rods, antenna feed anti-surge and signal anti-surge.
(1) Lightning protection for power supply circuit
According to the lightning protection method, lightning protection equipment is adopted aiming at the characteristics of the lightning protection method, and the lightning protection equipment can prevent the direct lightning from attacking to the voltage of each electric device according to the lightning protection and overvoltage specification in IEC 61312 protection of electromagnetic pulse of lightning, GB 50057-2010 lightning protection design specifications of buildings, GB 50054-2011 low-voltage power distribution design specifications and GB 50058-2014 design specifications of explosion and fire hazard environment electric devices, which relate to the division of lightning protection subareas and the lightning and overvoltage protection requirements of power systems at all levels.
A. And the adoption of the antenna feeder surge-proof lightning protection equipment ensures that the electric equipment is not punctured by lightning.
B. The specific measures are as follows: and an antenna feeder anti-surge power supply lightning protection module is installed and used at a power inlet wire of the user distribution power supply to protect the power supply of the user distribution power supply.
C. A power supply system:
1) The power supply circuit is provided with a lightning protection device.
2) The resistance value of the power supply PE is larger than 4 omega, and the common ground is smaller than 1 omega.
3) The lightning protection module is connected with an air switch or a fuse wire in series in front for protection, so that when the lightning protection device fails, the main circuit is short-circuited to the ground, and the air switch and the fuse wire set current are selected and matched, but generally do not exceed a preceding stage fusing device.
4) The power supply lightning protector must be connected with the output end of the main circuit breaking device and connected in parallel to the ground.
5) The connecting lead of the power lightning protector is less than 0.5 meter and needs to be short and straight.
6) The connecting wire of the power supply lightning protector is bent at an obtuse angle as much as possible.
7) The leads of the power supply lightning protector should be distinguished by line color as much as possible and should be mechanically connected.
8) The lines entering and exiting the building must be buried and shielded to absolutely prohibit overhead access.
9) The power wiring must be far away from the telephone or other power lines to prevent the inductive effect on other non-lightning protected lines from causing secondary induction to the signal lines.
(2) Lightning protection for data acquisition devices
The lightning protection of the data acquisition equipment comprises that corresponding power lightning protection products are required to be selected according to specific power supply forms (AC 220V, DC24V and the like) of the front-end acquisition equipment, and the lightning protection equipment mainly protects outdoor displacement sensors, pressure sensors, inclinometers, GNSS, rain gauges and the like.
(3) Grounding system
The grounding body is a conductor buried in soil to play a role in diffusing flow, and the grounding body adopts the following steps: the angle steel is not less than 50 multiplied by 5 mm; the flat steel is not less than 40 x 4 mm.
A plurality of grounding bodies are connected into a grounding grid, the arrangement of the grounding grid preferably adopts a ring-shaped grounding grid, and the down-lead is connected to the periphery of the ring-shaped grounding grid, so that the distribution of lightning current and the balance of internal potential are facilitated. The ground fault notice:
1) The lightning protection ground must be less than 4 ohms and less than 1 Ω when a common ground is assumed.
2) The distance between two independent places must be greater than 20 m, otherwise equipartition device for equal position is added between two places.
3) The ground wire of the signal lightning protector is separated from the direct impact Lei Dexian as much as possible, and the purpose is to prevent the direct impact lightning from the ground wire from impacting the signal equipment.
4) Ground lead wire diameter: grounding device leadWire (round steel diameter is more than 10mm, flat steel section is more than 80 mm) 2 )。
5) The copper wire and the flat iron are connected by welding or mechanical connection and are subjected to corrosion prevention treatment.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a geological disaster monitoring early warning system for loess side slope on-line monitoring which characterized in that: the system comprises a data sensing layer, a signal transmission layer, a data processing layer, a data receiving layer and a data terminal layer;
the data sensing layer comprises a plurality of GNSS base stations fixedly arranged on the loess slope, an image sensor, a displacement sensor, a pressure sensor, an inclinometer and a rain gauge and is used for providing measuring point information and monitoring data information of absolute deformation, relative deformation and rainfall of the slope;
the signal transmission layer comprises an LPWAN and a 4G/5G network and is used for realizing interactive communication between the data perception layer and the data processing layer;
the data processing layer comprises a cloud data center, an analysis help center and an LOT platform and is used for realizing data stream processing and remote management control of equipment;
the data receiving layer is an API and is used for realizing data transmission of the data processing layer and the data terminal layer;
the data terminal layer comprises a data terminal and a mobile terminal and is used for realizing monitoring data display and data early warning.
2. The geological disaster monitoring and early warning system for loess slope on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rain gauge and the image sensor are installed on a slope toe building.
3. The geological disaster monitoring and early warning system for loess slope on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the image sensor selects a camera.
4. The geological disaster monitoring and early warning system for loess slope on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 1, wherein: and the GNSS base station, the displacement sensor, the pressure sensor, the inclinometer and the rain gauge are connected with the collection box through pipeline protection.
5. The geological disaster monitoring and early warning system for loess slope on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the collection box is internally provided with a lightning protection system for comprehensively protecting access equipment.
6. The geological disaster monitoring and early warning system for loess slope on-line monitoring as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the lightning protection system comprises a power line lightning protection system, a communication line lightning protection system, an outdoor equipment direct lightning protection system and a grounding system.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210903127.9A CN115497254A (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2022-07-29 | Geological disaster monitoring and early warning system for loess slope on-line monitoring |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210903127.9A CN115497254A (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2022-07-29 | Geological disaster monitoring and early warning system for loess slope on-line monitoring |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN115497254A true CN115497254A (en) | 2022-12-20 |
Family
ID=84465707
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210903127.9A Pending CN115497254A (en) | 2022-07-29 | 2022-07-29 | Geological disaster monitoring and early warning system for loess slope on-line monitoring |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN115497254A (en) |
Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206488815U (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-09-12 | 中交二公局东萌工程有限公司 | A kind of device for high gradient slope Geological Hazards Monitoring early warning |
| CN111524322A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-11 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Side slope geological disaster early warning system |
| CN215006896U (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-12-03 | 深圳防灾减灾技术研究院 | Satellite-ground cooperative slope multi-risk factor combined real-time monitoring and early warning system |
| CN216287021U (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2022-04-12 | 中铁七局集团西安铁路工程有限公司 | Roadbed slope deformation early warning system |
| CN114659442A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-06-24 | 北京愚公道路养护有限公司 | Visual slope deformation intelligent monitoring and early warning system |
-
2022
- 2022-07-29 CN CN202210903127.9A patent/CN115497254A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN206488815U (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-09-12 | 中交二公局东萌工程有限公司 | A kind of device for high gradient slope Geological Hazards Monitoring early warning |
| CN111524322A (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-08-11 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Side slope geological disaster early warning system |
| CN215006896U (en) * | 2021-06-16 | 2021-12-03 | 深圳防灾减灾技术研究院 | Satellite-ground cooperative slope multi-risk factor combined real-time monitoring and early warning system |
| CN216287021U (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2022-04-12 | 中铁七局集团西安铁路工程有限公司 | Roadbed slope deformation early warning system |
| CN114659442A (en) * | 2022-03-10 | 2022-06-24 | 北京愚公道路养护有限公司 | Visual slope deformation intelligent monitoring and early warning system |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN206340149U (en) | Building displacement sedimentation monitoring system | |
| CN104296719A (en) | Transformer station ground settlement monitoring forewarning system | |
| JP6153000B2 (en) | Surge current backflow prevention circuit and counter system with tripolar SPD element | |
| CN104810632A (en) | Method and device for determining grounding device of transmission line tower | |
| CN102980553B (en) | A kind of arch attached-greenhouse skeleton structure deformation monitoring method and device | |
| CN115497254A (en) | Geological disaster monitoring and early warning system for loess slope on-line monitoring | |
| JP2010054440A (en) | Method for inspecting on-site surge current discharge experiment to equipotential connection and basic pile grounded plate, discharge testing device, and discharge monitoring method | |
| CN111970382A (en) | Iron tower safety monitoring and early warning system | |
| CN205688331U (en) | Universal elevated bridge lightning protection protection system | |
| CN208723123U (en) | Graphene lightning protection earthing system | |
| CN213028117U (en) | Iron tower safety monitoring and early warning system | |
| CN214407450U (en) | Energy-saving settlement monitoring device | |
| CN216121795U (en) | Lightning overvoltage protection device for multifunctional intelligent rod | |
| CN205141163U (en) | Tower grounding net that area is little | |
| CN203434578U (en) | Lightning protection device suitable for condensation prevention roof | |
| CN104864953A (en) | Lightening-proof method of electronic weighing instrument | |
| CN206134958U (en) | Stake of pre -buried formula ground connection | |
| CN108964015A (en) | A method of it is designed with electrical engineering height for low meter | |
| JP2009020758A (en) | Information processing apparatus, information processing system, and information processing method | |
| CN117154428B (en) | Whole-plant shared grounding system of post-treatment plant | |
| CN205389010U (en) | Pole, table case earthing device | |
| CN113839311B (en) | Lightning protection method for multifunctional intelligent pole | |
| CN216355298U (en) | Multifunctional intelligent rod lightning protection system | |
| CN204651603U (en) | Tower conductive earthing basis case | |
| CN209658425U (en) | A kind of earthing or grounding means of pipe gallery high-tension cable |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination |