CN115496325A - Method, equipment and medium for evaluating energy efficiency of air conditioner cold source system - Google Patents
Method, equipment and medium for evaluating energy efficiency of air conditioner cold source system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an energy efficiency evaluation method of an air conditioner cold source system, which comprises the following steps: acquiring key parameters to be monitored of an air conditioner cold source system; constructing an operation energy efficiency evaluation index system of the air conditioner cold source system based on the acquired key parameters; setting energy-using classification parameters respectively adopted by different equipment in an air-conditioning cold source system; and sequentially constructing an energy efficiency evaluation model of the equipment, the equipment system and the air conditioner cold source system based on the operation energy efficiency evaluation index system and the energy utilization classification parameters. The invention also discloses an energy efficiency evaluation device of the air conditioner cold source system and a computer readable storage medium. According to the invention, the energy utilization modes are divided by using the characteristic parameters of the cold source system and the equipment, the evaluation indexes are selected, the three-level evaluation index system of the running energy efficiency of the air-conditioning cold source system is constructed, and the running state energy efficiency evaluation model of the air-conditioning cold source system of the public building is established based on a data mining method, so that the engineering application is facilitated, and a basis is provided for formulating a scientific and reasonable energy-saving control scheme.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of air conditioner cold source systems, in particular to an air conditioner cold source system energy efficiency evaluation method, equipment and medium.
Background
With the rapid development of economy in China, a central air conditioning system has become an important infrastructure for creating a comfortable, efficient work and living environment. According to statistics, the energy consumption of the central air-conditioning system accounts for more than 50% of the energy consumption of large public buildings. Based on the current situation, people begin to pay more attention to the energy consumption of air conditioning systems, and the automation control of the air conditioning systems gradually becomes a future development trend. However, many problems still exist in the automatic control of the air conditioning system at present. On one hand, from the development status of the automatic control system of the refrigeration station, the actual operation level of most automatic control systems of buildings is lower, and the real automatic control management function is not realized; on the other hand, from the viewpoint of energy efficiency diagnosis, although many energy efficiency evaluation and diagnosis methods for the air-conditioning equipment exist at the present stage, an energy efficiency evaluation method under the operation condition of the air-conditioning equipment is lacked, the energy efficiency state of the air-conditioning equipment during operation cannot be reflected in time, and the control of the air-conditioning equipment is somewhat blind.
In the existing building environment comprehensive evaluation system and air conditioner energy efficiency evaluation method, qualitative and quantitative evaluation of the whole building central air conditioning system and the energy consumption and energy efficiency of each air conditioner is mostly realized, relevant specifications are formulated, and the evaluation method is widely accepted in various countries and regions. Because the energy consumption standards of air conditioning equipment are different for different climate areas, different types of buildings and different time, most of the current specifications are the energy efficiency standard under the air conditioner design condition or the energy efficiency standard accumulated in the typical day of the year in the operation stage. The dynamic operation energy efficiency of the air-conditioning system refers to the comprehensive energy efficiency of the air-conditioning system under the operation working condition, not the operation energy efficiency of a single device, but the operation energy efficiency of the whole system; the energy efficiency is not energy efficiency under design conditions but dynamic energy efficiency in the actual operation process. At present, no complete energy-saving operation evaluation system of the air conditioning system of the public building is formed at home and abroad. Therefore, a systematic, scientific and reasonable construction and evaluation model of the public building air conditioning system operation energy efficiency evaluation index system is urgently to be developed and researched. On the basis of the model, an energy efficiency evaluation system of the air conditioner is established, so that a basis is provided for formulating a scientific and reasonable energy-saving control scheme.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the above, the invention aims to provide an air-conditioning cold source system energy efficiency evaluation method, equipment and medium, wherein historical operation data of the air-conditioning cold source system is used as an analysis object, energy modes for dividing the cold source system and equipment by characteristic parameters are used according to the hierarchy characteristics of the building air-conditioning cold source system, evaluation indexes are selected, a three-level evaluation index system for the operation energy efficiency of the air-conditioning cold source system is constructed, and an operation state energy efficiency evaluation model of the air-conditioning cold source system of a public building is established based on a data mining method.
In a first aspect, an energy efficiency evaluation method for a cold source system of an air conditioner comprises the following steps:
acquiring key parameters to be monitored of an air conditioner cold source system;
constructing an operation energy efficiency evaluation index system of the air conditioner cold source system based on the acquired key parameters;
setting energy utilization classification parameters respectively adopted by different equipment in an air conditioner cold source system;
and sequentially constructing an energy efficiency evaluation model of the equipment, the equipment system and the air conditioner cold source system based on the operation energy efficiency evaluation index system and the energy utilization classification parameters.
In an embodiment of the foregoing technical solution, the key parameters include:
the flow rate Gci of chilled water of the water chilling unit, inlet and outlet temperatures Tchi and Tcho of the chilled water and the power Pci of a host machine;
water flow Gci, shaft power Pz, pressure difference Hr, water pump motor input power Pchpi, actual frequency n and rated frequency n of water pump e ；
Cooling water flow Gcwi of the cooling tower, inlet and outlet temperatures Tcwo and Tcwi of the cooling tower, input power Ptti of a motor and temperature Tw of an outdoor air wet bulb.
In one embodiment of the foregoing technical solution, the operation energy efficiency evaluation index system includes: establishing a first-level index, a second-level index and a third-level index of operation energy efficiency evaluation;
wherein the first-level index comprises the energy efficiency SCOP of the refrigerating machine room;
the secondary indexes comprise water chilling unit energy efficiency COPs, refrigeration water pump energy efficiency WTFchw, cooling water pump transmission coefficient WTFcw and cooling tower energy efficiency EERct;
the three-level indexes comprise a host machine performance coefficient COP, a chilled water supply and return water temperature difference ratio Tchp, a load rate eta c, a water pump efficiency eta p, a rotation speed ratio omega, a cooling tower set energy efficiency EERcti, a cooling tower set efficiency eta ct and a cooling water supply and return water temperature difference ratio Tcwp.
In one embodiment of the above technical solution, the calculation rule of the energy efficiency SCOP of the first-level index chiller room is as follows:
in the formula: qc is the total refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating machine room, kW;
P all the total power of all energy equipment of the refrigerating machine room comprises a water chilling unit, a refrigerating pump, a cooling pump and the total power of a cooling tower set, namely kW;
the total refrigerating capacity Qc of the refrigerating machine room is accumulated by refrigerating capacities of all the water chiller units, and is as follows:
Qc＝∑Qci#
in the formula: qci is the refrigerating capacity of the ith water chilling unit;
and (3) secondary index calculation rules:
energy efficiency COPs of the water chilling unit:
in the formula: qc is the refrigerating capacity of a refrigerating machine room, kW;
pc is the total power of all water chilling units in the refrigerating machine room, kw; wherein Pc =sigmaPci, and Pci is the power of the ith water chilling unit;
energy efficiency WTFchw of the chilled water pump:
in the formula: qc is the refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating machine room, kW;
P chp the total power Kw of all the refrigeration water pumps in the refrigeration machine room;
pchp = ∑ Pckpi, and Pchpi is the power of the ith chilled water pump;
cooling water pump energy efficiency WTFcw:
in the formula: qcw is the heat quantity delivered by cooling water, kW;
P cwp the total power Kw of all the refrigerating water pumps of the refrigerating machine room;
pcwp =SigmaPcwpi, and Pcwpi is the power of the ith cooling water pump;
the total heat Qcw delivered by the cooling water is accumulated by the delivery heat of each cooling water pump according to the following formula:
Qcw＝ΣQcwwi#
in the formula: qcwi is the conveying heat quantity of the ith refrigerating water pump;
cooling tower energy efficiency EERct:
in the formula: qcw is the total heat quantity delivered by cooling water, kW;
P ct the total power of all cooling towers in a refrigeration machine room is kW;
pct = ∑ Pcti, which is the power of the ith cooling tower group;
and (3) calculation rules of the three-level indexes:
coefficient of performance of host
Wherein Qci is the cooling capacity of the host, kW;
cp is the specific heat capacity of water, kJ/(kg ℃); taking 4.18 kJ/(kg DEG C);
rho is the density of water, kg/m 3 (ii) a 1000kg/m are taken 3 ；
Gc is the flow rate of the cold water of the cold machine, m 3 /h；
Pci is the power input by the host, kW;
temperature difference ratio of chilled water supply and return water
Wherein Tcho is the outlet temperature of the chilled water at DEG C;
tchi is the inlet temperature of the chilled water, DEG C;
the inlet and the outlet are opposite to the side of the water chilling unit and are measured at the evaporation end of the water chilling unit;
tchd is a design value of the temperature difference of the chilled water, DEG C, a default value is 5 ℃, and the Tchd can be input and adjusted according to the requirements of users; load factor
Wherein Qci is the cooling capacity of the host, kW;
qce is rated refrigerating capacity of the host, kW;
efficiency of water pump
Wherein rho is the density of water and the unit kg/m 3 Taking 1000kg/m 3 ；
g is gravity acceleration in m/s 2 Taking 9.807;
gc is the flow rate of the refrigerating pump, unit m 3 /h；
Hr is pump head, unit m; pz is pump shaft power, unit kW;
ratio of rotational speeds
Wherein n is the actual frequency of the water pump in Hz;
n e taking 50Hz as the rated frequency of the water pump in unit of Hz;
energy efficiency of cooling tower
Qcwi is the amount of heat delivered by the cooling water,
cp is the specific heat capacity of water, kJ/(kg ℃); 4.18 kJ/(kg. DEG C);
rho is the density of water, kg/m 3 ；
Gcw is cooling water flow rate, m 3 /h；
Ptti is the input power of a motor of the cooling tower group, and the powers of the cooling towers in the tower group are added;
cooling tower unit efficiency
Wherein Tcwo is the outlet temperature of cooling water at DEG C;
tcwi is the cooling water inlet temperature, DEG C;
the inlet and the outlet are opposite to the side of the water chilling unit and are measured at the condensation end of the water chilling unit;
tw is the outdoor air wet bulb temperature, DEG C;
temperature difference ratio of cooling water supply and return water
Wherein Tcwo is the outlet temperature of cooling water at DEG C;
tcwi is the cooling water inlet temperature, DEG C;
the inlet and the outlet are opposite to the side of the water chilling unit and are measured at the condensation end of the water chilling unit;
tcwd is the design value of the cooling water temperature difference, DEG C, the default value is 5 ℃, and the value can be input and adjusted according to the requirements of users.
In an embodiment of the foregoing technical solution, the setting energy-consumption classification parameters respectively adopted by different devices in an air-conditioning cold source system includes:
the water chilling unit adopts the operation load ratio as an energy classification parameter;
the water pump adopts the running frequency as an energy-using classification parameter;
the cooling tower adopts the outdoor wet bulb temperature as an energy use classification parameter;
the equipment subsystem and the air conditioner cold source system both adopt the total load of the system as energy utilization classification parameters.
In an embodiment of the foregoing technical solution, the sequentially constructing an energy efficiency evaluation model of an apparatus, an apparatus system, and an air conditioner cold source system based on an operation energy efficiency evaluation index system and an energy usage classification parameter includes:
collecting and preprocessing data calculated based on an operation energy efficiency rating index system; wherein the pretreatment comprises: and removing unstable values, abnormal values and missing values, randomly selecting part of preprocessed data for constructing an energy efficiency evaluation model, and using the rest data for checking the energy efficiency evaluation model.
In an embodiment of the foregoing technical solution, the sequentially constructing energy efficiency evaluation models of devices, device systems, and air conditioning cold source systems based on an operation energy efficiency evaluation index system and energy consumption classification parameters further includes:
the method for constructing the energy efficiency evaluation model of the equipment comprises the following steps: establishing a dynamic energy utilization standard based on energy utilization modes corresponding to different energy utilization classification parameters according to energy utilization classification parameters respectively adopted by different equipment in an air-conditioning cold source system;
the energy efficiency evaluation model of the equipment system is constructed, and the method comprises the following steps:
for a water chilling unit system, after a load distribution strategy of the water chilling unit system is obtained, a starting and stopping scheme of the water chilling unit under the corresponding total load rate is obtained, a single unit energy efficiency reference is established according to the three-level indexes of the corresponding water chilling unit, the reference power of each unit is calculated and accumulated, the reference total power and the refrigerating capacity of the unit system under the total load rate are further obtained, and the COPsbasic calculated according to the two-level indexes of the corresponding water chilling unit is the energy efficiency reference value of the water chilling unit system under the total load rate;
for a water pump system, after obtaining a corresponding total load rate, obtaining a starting and stopping scheme of the water pump, obtaining the number and frequency of starting and stopping water pumps at the load rate, calculating the reference power of each water pump according to the three-level indexes of the corresponding water pump, accumulating to obtain the water pump power under the total load rate, calculating to obtain WTFchwbasic or WTFcwbasic according to the two-level indexes of the corresponding water pump, and then taking the energy efficiency reference value of the water pump system under the total load rate;
for a cooling tower system, under the condition of obtaining the number of the cooling tower starting and stopping units and the outdoor wet bulb temperature, calculating and accumulating the reference power of each cooling tower according to the three-level indexes of the corresponding cooling tower to obtain the cooling tower system power under the total load rate, and calculating according to the two-level indexes of the corresponding cooling tower to obtain EERctbasic which is then the cooling tower system energy efficiency reference value under the temperature;
the method for constructing the energy efficiency evaluation model of the air conditioner cold source system comprises the following steps: and under the total load rate, calculating the energy efficiency reference of the air-conditioning cold source system under the corresponding total load rate by using the sum of the total refrigerating capacity and the equipment system reference power after obtaining the reference power of the water chilling unit system, the reference power of the water pump system and the reference power of the cooling tower.
In one embodiment, the method further includes: and (3) checking the constructed energy efficiency evaluation model, which comprises the following steps: and checking the correctness of the model by using the residual data, and if the energy efficiency evaluation model has poor effect, reselecting the data for establishing.
In a second aspect, an energy efficiency evaluation device for a cold source system of an air conditioner comprises:
a memory for storing one or more programs;
and the processor is used for operating the program stored in the memory so as to realize the energy efficiency evaluation method of the air conditioner cold source system.
In a third aspect, a computer-readable storage medium stores at least one program, and when the program is executed by a processor, the method for evaluating the energy efficiency of an air conditioner cold source system is realized.
Compared with the prior art, the method takes the historical operation data of the air-conditioning cold source system as an analysis object, divides the energy utilization modes according to the characteristic parameters of the cold source system and equipment and selects the evaluation indexes according to the hierarchical characteristics of the building air-conditioning cold source system to construct a three-level evaluation index system of the operation energy efficiency of the air-conditioning cold source system, and establishes an operation state energy efficiency evaluation model of the air-conditioning cold source system of the public building based on a data mining method, so that the engineering application is facilitated, and a basis is provided for formulating a scientific and reasonable energy-saving control scheme.
For a better understanding and practice, the invention is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is one of schematic views of a sensor mounting location.
FIG. 2 shows one of the schematic sensor mounting positions.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a data acquisition and transmission system.
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of an energy efficiency evaluation model of an air conditioner cold source system.
Fig. 5 shows the function and structure of the air conditioner cooling source system.
Fig. 6 is one of the device level logic diagrams of the energy efficiency evaluation system.
Fig. 7 is a second logic diagram of the energy efficiency evaluation system at the device level.
Fig. 8 is a third device level logic diagram of an energy efficiency evaluation system.
Fig. 9 is one of system level logic diagrams of an energy efficiency evaluation system device.
Fig. 10 is a second energy efficiency evaluation system device system level logic diagram.
Fig. 11 shows a third system-level logic diagram of the energy efficiency evaluation system device.
FIG. 12 is a system level logic diagram of a cold source of an energy efficiency evaluation system.
Detailed Description
The invention is mainly directed to a central air conditioning system of a building, so that most of data acquisition instruments are arranged in a central air conditioning unit refrigerating station positioned on the underground second floor of the building. The applied data mainly comprises the inlet and outlet temperatures of chilled water and cooling water; the relative pressure of each node of the chilled water and the cooling water; the central air-conditioning unit and the running electric power of a freezing water pump, a cooling tower and the like which are matched with the central air-conditioning unit to run; the chilled water of the relevant pipelines, the flow rate of the cooling water in unit time and the like. Therefore, the sensors installed at the relative joint points of the water chilling unit mainly comprise a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, a power acquisition meter, a flowmeter and the like.
TABLE 1 sensor model and parameters for data acquisition
| Device name | Measurement accuracy | Measuring range | Acquisition frequency |
| Pressure sensor | ±0.25％ | 0～2.5 |
1 time in 15 minutes |
| Temperature sensor | ±0.25％ | 0～100 |
1 time for 15 minutes |
| Flow sensor | ±1.0％ | 0.03～32m/ |
1 time in 15 minutes |
The sensor is shown in fig. 1 and 2 in the installed position of the system. P represents a pressure sensor; t represents a temperature sensor; and F represents a flow sensor. The relevant parameters for each temperature sensor, pressure sensor and flow sensor are shown in table 1. All data are collected by a special data collection system every 15 minutes, and the data are collected continuously in the starting time period. The collected data enters the storage through the data transmission system, so that the data can be further analyzed and processed.
Please refer to fig. 3. The transmission layer of data is divided into an upper layer transmission layer and a lower layer transmission layer. The lower transmission layer is the real-time transmission network layer of the field data. There are two ways of forming a transmission network, a wired network or a wireless network. The wired network mainly adopts a 485 bus communication mode, and transmits the acquired signals to a data storage unit or a data application client through a signal cable. And the wireless mode is connected with the data storage or application terminal through signal transmission modes such as WIFI, zigbee and the like. The upper layer transmission layer is an energy management unit and is transmitted to the data center through a wired network (TCP/IP network) or a wireless network (GPRS and CDMA).
Please refer to fig. 4 and 5. In a first aspect, the present embodiment provides an energy efficiency evaluation method for a cold source system of an air conditioner based on historical data of the cold source system of the air conditioner of a building, including:
step 101, obtaining key parameters needing to be monitored of an air conditioner cold source system.
The key parameters include:
the flow rate Gci of the chilled water of the water chilling unit, the inlet and outlet temperatures Tchi and Tcho of the chilled water and the power Pci of a host machine;
water flow Gci, shaft power Pz, pressure difference Hr, water pump motor input power Pchpi, actual frequency n and rated frequency n of water pump e ；
Cooling water flow Gcwi of the cooling tower, inlet and outlet temperatures Tcwo and Tcwi of the cooling tower, input power Ptti of a motor and temperature Tw of an outdoor air wet bulb.
Energy efficiency evaluation is carried out on the air-conditioning cold source system and equipment thereof from the perspective of building input/output, namely the process of energy consumption and thermal engineering conversion of the system is concerned, and the basic energy efficiency level of converting the energy consumption of the cold source system into cold energy is measured. The building air conditioner cold source system consists of a water chilling unit system, a chilled water pump system, a cooling water pump system and a cooling tower system, and a plurality of independent devices are arranged under the device systems, so that the cold source system devices form a logic division energy efficiency evaluation index. And from: 1) An international energy efficiency evaluation system; 2) The current energy-saving technical standard of China and local; 3) In the academic conference in China, appropriate indexes are selected in three aspects, and the indexes are screened and refined according to conciseness, scientificity and operability, so that an index system for evaluating the operation energy efficiency of the cold source system of the air conditioner of the public building is constructed.
And 102, constructing an operation energy efficiency evaluation index system of the air conditioner cold source system based on the acquired key parameters.
The invention takes the operation energy efficiency of equipment such as a water chilling unit, a freezing water pump, a cooling tower and the like as a three-level index, takes the equipment system energy efficiency of a water chilling unit system, a freezing water pump system, a cooling water pump system and a cooling tower system formed by the equipment system as a two-level index, takes the energy efficiency of a cold source system formed by each equipment system as a one-level index, establishes the relation between the energy consumption and the output of the air-conditioning cold source system, screens and refines the index, and constructs a three-level evaluation index system of the operation energy efficiency based on the air-conditioning cold source system of the public building.
In one embodiment, the operation energy efficiency evaluation index system includes: establishing a first-level index, a second-level index and a third-level index of operation energy efficiency evaluation;
wherein the first-level index comprises the energy efficiency SCOP of the refrigerating machine room;
the secondary indexes comprise water chilling unit energy efficiency COPs, refrigeration water pump energy efficiency WTFchw, cooling water pump transmission coefficient WTFcw and cooling tower energy efficiency EERct;
the three-level indexes comprise a host performance coefficient COP, a chilled water supply and return water temperature difference ratio Tchp, a load rate eta c, a water pump efficiency eta p, a rotation speed ratio omega, a cooling tower set energy efficiency EERcti, a cooling tower set efficiency eta ct and a cooling water supply and return water temperature difference ratio Tcwp.
Specifically, please participate in table 2.
TABLE 2 evaluation index system for running energy efficiency of air conditioner cold source system
Preferably, the calculation rule of the primary index for chiller room energy efficiency SCOP is:
in the formula: qc is the total refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating machine room, kW;
P all the total power of all energy equipment of the refrigerating machine room comprises a water chilling unit, a refrigerating pump, a cooling pump and the total power of a cooling tower set, namely kW;
the total refrigerating capacity Qc of the refrigerating machine room is accumulated by refrigerating capacities of all the water chiller units, and is as follows:
Qc＝ΣQci#
in the formula: qci is the refrigerating capacity of the ith water chilling unit;
and (3) secondary index calculation rule:
energy efficiency COPs of the water chilling unit:
in the formula: qc is the refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating machine room, kW;
pc is the total power of all water chilling units in the refrigerating machine room, kw; wherein Pc =sigmaPci, and Pci is the power of the ith water chilling unit;
energy efficiency WTFchw of the chilled water pump:
in the formula: qc is the refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating machine room, kW;
P chp the total power Kw of all the refrigerating water pumps of the refrigerating machine room;
pchp = ∑ Pckpi, and Pchpi is the power of the ith chilled water pump;
cooling water pump energy efficiency WTFcw:
in the formula: qcw is the heat quantity conveyed by cooling water, kW;
P cwp the total power Kw of all the refrigeration water pumps in the refrigeration machine room;
pcwp =SigmaPcwpi, and Pcwpi is the power of the ith cooling water pump;
the total heat quantity Qcw conveyed by the cooling water is accumulated by conveying heat quantities of all the cooling water pumps, and the following formula is shown:
Qcw＝ΣQcwi#
in the formula: qcwi is the conveying heat quantity of the ith refrigerating water pump;
cooling tower energy efficiency EERct:
in the formula: qcw is the total heat quantity conveyed by cooling water, kW;
P ct the total power of all cooling towers in a refrigerating machine room is kW;
pct =SigmaPtti, ptti is the power of the ith cooling tower group;
and (3) calculation rules of the three-level indexes:
coefficient of performance of host
Wherein Qci is the cooling capacity of the host, kW;
cp is the specific heat capacity of water, kJ/(kg ℃); taking 4.18 kJ/(kg. DEG C);
rho is the density of water, kg/m 3 (ii) a 1000kg/m are taken 3 ；
Gc is the flow rate of the cold water of the cold machine, m 3 /h；
Pci is the power input by the host, kW;
temperature difference ratio of chilled water supply and return water
Wherein Tcho is the outlet temperature of the chilled water at DEG C;
tchi is the inlet temperature of the chilled water, DEG C;
the inlet and the outlet are opposite to the side of the water chilling unit and are measured at the evaporation end of the water chilling unit;
tchd is a design value of the temperature difference of the chilled water, DEG C, a default value is 5 ℃, and the Tchd can be input and adjusted according to the requirements of users;
load rate
Wherein Qci is the cooling capacity of the host, kW;
qce is rated refrigerating capacity of the host, kW;
efficiency of water pump
Wherein rho is the density of water and the unit kg/m 3 Taking 1000kg/m 3 ；
g is gravity acceleration in m/s 2 Taking 9.807;
gc is the flow rate of the refrigerating pump, unit m 3 /h；
Hr is pump head, unit m; pz is pump shaft power, unit kW;
ratio of rotational speeds
Wherein n is the actual frequency of the water pump in Hz;
n e taking 50Hz as the rated frequency of the water pump in unit of Hz;
energy efficiency of cooling tower
Qcwi is the amount of heat delivered by the cooling water,
cp is the specific heat capacity of water, kJ/(kg ℃); 4.18 kJ/(kg. Degree. C.);
rho is the density of water, kg/m 3 ；
Gcw is cooling water flow rate, m 3 /h；
Ptti is the input power of a motor of the cooling tower group, and the powers of the cooling towers in the tower group are added;
cooling tower unit efficiency
Wherein Tcwo is the outlet temperature of cooling water at DEG C;
tcwi is the cooling water inlet temperature, DEG C;
the inlet and the outlet are opposite to the side of the water chilling unit and are measured at the condensation end of the water chilling unit;
tw is the outdoor air wet bulb temperature, DEG C;
temperature difference ratio of cooling water supply and return water
Wherein Tcwo is the outlet temperature of cooling water at DEG C;
tcwi is the inlet temperature of cooling water, DEG C;
the inlet and the outlet are opposite to the side of the water chilling unit and are measured at the condensation end of the water chilling unit;
tcwd is the design value of the cooling water temperature difference, DEG C, the default value is 5 ℃, and the value can be input and adjusted according to the requirements of users.
Specifically, please refer to table 3 for three-level energy efficiency indexes of the chiller, the chilled water pump, the cooling water pump, and the cooling water tower.
TABLE 3 energy efficiency index of chiller
TABLE 4 energy efficiency index of chilled water pump
TABLE 5 energy efficiency index of cooling water pump
TABLE 6 energy efficiency index of cooling tower
And 103, setting energy utilization classification parameters respectively adopted by different equipment in the air conditioner cold source system.
Relevant documents show that the opening degree of the guide vane, the actual operation load ratio, the chilled water outlet water temperature and the like can all influence the operation COP of the unit. The load rate is a comprehensive embodiment and controllable parameters of a plurality of factors, so that the operation load ratio is adopted as an energy utilization classification parameter for the energy utilization mode classification of the water chilling unit.
(2) For the cooling tower, research shows that the operation efficiency and the energy efficiency ratio of the cooling tower are closely related to outdoor meteorological parameters, so that the outdoor wet bulb temperature is used as an energy classification parameter for the cooling tower.
(3) For the water pump, the frequency of operation is used as an energy use classification parameter.
(4) For each equipment subsystem and each cold source system, the total load of the system is an important parameter for measuring the working condition of the cold source system, so that the equipment subsystem and the cold source system both adopt the total load rate of the system as classification parameters.
In summary, the setting of the energy-consumption classification parameters respectively adopted by different devices in the air-conditioning cold source system includes:
the water chilling unit adopts the operation load ratio as an energy classification parameter;
the water pump adopts the running frequency as an energy-using classification parameter;
the cooling tower adopts the outdoor wet bulb temperature as an energy use classification parameter;
the equipment subsystem and the air conditioner cold source system both adopt the total load of the system as energy utilization classification parameters.
And step 104, sequentially constructing an energy efficiency evaluation model of the equipment, the equipment system and the air conditioning cold source system based on the operation energy efficiency evaluation index system and the energy utilization classification parameters.
In an embodiment, the sequentially constructing an energy efficiency evaluation model of the equipment, the equipment system and the air conditioning cold source system based on the operation energy efficiency evaluation index system and the energy consumption classification parameters includes:
collecting and preprocessing data calculated based on an operation energy efficiency rating index system; wherein the pretreatment comprises: and unstable values, abnormal values and missing values are removed, so that correct information carried by sample data is more concentrated, and the analysis result of the model is more accurate when the error information is less. And randomly selecting part of the preprocessed data to construct an energy efficiency evaluation model, and using the rest data to check the energy efficiency evaluation model. For example, 70% is selected for modeling and the remaining 30% is used for testing and evaluating the model.
And (3) stably removing the unstable value and the missing value within 30 minutes after starting, removing the outlier by using a 3 sigma principle, and removing the logic outlier by using the unit refrigerating capacity not exceeding the rated refrigerating capacity. After treatment, 70% of data are selected for classification and statistics, and the example of the water chilling unit data after treatment is as follows:
TABLE 7 statistics of certain chiller (rated cooling capacity: 7032 kW)
In an embodiment, the sequentially constructing an energy efficiency evaluation model of the device, the device system, and the air conditioning cold source system based on the operation energy efficiency evaluation index system and the energy consumption classification parameter further includes:
the method for constructing the energy efficiency evaluation model of the equipment comprises the following steps: and establishing a dynamic energy utilization standard based on energy utilization modes corresponding to different energy utilization classification parameters according to the energy utilization classification parameters respectively adopted by different equipment in the air-conditioning cold source system.
According to the energy utilization mode classification of each device of the building air-conditioning cold source system, a dynamic energy utilization standard can be established according to different energy utilization modes. The energy efficiency reference is a representative value that can reflect an average level of energy efficiency under all conditions in the mode, and thus, the representative value should be able to divide all energy efficiency data of the mode into equal two parts, representing that the energy efficiency reference value exceeds 50% of the historical data. Therefore, the median is selected as the representative value.
And drawing the representative values of the intervals into a scatter diagram, performing linear regression on the scatter diagram, and performing linear fitting comparison adjustment on the scatter diagram which draws all data points to obtain a dynamic energy efficiency reference calculation formula of the equipment.
Please refer to fig. 6-8. And drawing the representative values under each load rate into a scatter diagram, performing linear regression, and performing linear fitting and contrast adjustment on the scatter diagram for drawing all data points, thereby finally obtaining a dynamic energy efficiency reference calculation formula of the water chilling unit. Taking a chiller as an example, the results of processing the chiller equipment in this example are as follows:
TABLE 8 COP reference for various types of chiller units
In one embodiment, the energy efficiency evaluation model of the equipment system is constructed, and comprises the following steps:
please refer to fig. 9-11.
The load distribution strategy of the chiller system is an important factor for determining the energy efficiency of the chiller system and the energy efficiency of the corresponding water pump and the cooling tower. For a water chilling unit system, after a load distribution strategy of the water chilling unit system is obtained, a starting and stopping scheme of the water chilling unit under the corresponding total load rate is obtained, a single unit energy efficiency reference is established according to the three-level indexes of the corresponding water chilling unit, the reference power of each unit is calculated and accumulated, the reference total power and the refrigerating capacity of the unit system under the total load rate are further obtained, the COPsbasic is obtained according to the two-level indexes of the corresponding water chilling unit, and the COPsbasic is the energy efficiency reference value of the water chilling unit system under the total load rate;
for a water pump system, after obtaining a corresponding total load rate, obtaining a start-stop scheme of a water pump, obtaining the number and frequency of start-stop units of the water pump at the load rate, calculating the reference power of each water pump according to the three-level indexes of the corresponding water pump, accumulating the reference power to obtain the water pump power under the total load rate, calculating the WTFchwobasic or WTFcwbasic according to the two-level indexes of the corresponding water pump, and taking the WTFchwobasic or WTFcwbasic as the energy efficiency reference value of the water pump system at the total load rate;
for a cooling tower system, under the condition of obtaining the number of the cooling tower starting and stopping units and the outdoor wet bulb temperature, calculating and accumulating the reference power of each cooling tower according to the three-level indexes of the corresponding cooling tower to obtain the cooling tower system power under the total load rate, and calculating according to the two-level indexes of the corresponding cooling tower to obtain EERctbasic which is then the cooling tower system energy efficiency reference value under the temperature;
in this example, the start-stop scheme of the chiller system is a chiller load distribution strategy obtained by a particle swarm algorithm, under the strategy, a reference total power and a refrigerating capacity of the chiller system under a corresponding total load rate are obtained, and a value obtained by calculating the reference total power and the refrigerating capacity is an energy efficiency reference value of the chiller system under the total load rate.
COPs standard of water chilling unit system of meter 9
Please refer to fig. 12. In one embodiment, the method for constructing the energy efficiency evaluation model of the air conditioner cold source system comprises the following steps: and calculating the energy efficiency reference of the air-conditioning cold source system under the corresponding total load rate by using the sum of the total refrigerating capacity and the equipment system reference power after obtaining the reference power of the water chilling unit system, the reference power of the water pump system and the reference power of the cooling tower under the total load rate.
TABLE 10 SCOP benchmark for cold source system
In this example air conditioner cold source system, frozen water pump cooling tower and unit are established ties and are decided frequently the operation, start and start along with the group.
In one embodiment, the method further comprises: and (3) checking the constructed energy efficiency evaluation model, which comprises the following steps: and checking the correctness of the model by using the residual data, and if the energy efficiency evaluation model has poor effect, reselecting the data for establishment.
The energy efficiency standard of the water chilling unit equipment is used for the rest data, and the result is as follows.
Table 11 results of model testing
| Name of the device | Number of samples | Qualified quantity | Percent of |
| Cold waterUnit | |||
| 1 | 239 | 95 | 39.75％ |
| |
131 | 69 | 52.67％ |
| |
71 | 33 | 46.48％ |
| |
259 | 160 | 61.78％ |
| Total up to | 700 | 357 | 51％ |
Therefore, the aging degree of the unit 1 is high or the operation management is poor, and the model has certain accuracy.
After the model is built, the calculation method in the model is used as the rear end, the energy efficiency benchmark is used as a comparison target of the corresponding parameters, and the front end is displayed in a page visualization mode, so that the energy efficiency evaluation system is built.
The above example is a detailed description of the establishment of an energy efficiency evaluation model of the running state of the air conditioning cold source system based on historical data mining, and the abnormal energy efficiency of the air conditioning cold source system and the equipment thereof can be identified and diagnosed based on the energy efficiency evaluation model. The method may establish other examples as defined.
The system based on the invention can adopt a Web application program development mode, and a user can open a system page in a browser to browse and operate. The system application is developed by separating a front end from a back end, the front end page is developed by adopting a Vue JS + Webpack technology stack to carry out HTML (hypertext markup language) Web page, and the back end is developed by adopting Java SpringBoot to carry out system calculation and Web interface. The front end and the back end carry out interface calling through restful API, and the data transmission format is JSON.
(1) Front page design.
The air conditioning systems in the pages can be divided according to machine rooms, and each machine room comprises a system condition module, a system management module, a system energy consumption module, a report management module and a data uploading module. The system condition page comprises two parts of an air conditioner room system diagram and an equipment data table; the data transmission system transmits the key data to the system background for corresponding calculation, and the system energy consumption page shows all equipment of the corresponding machine room of the air conditioning system and energy consumption related parameters of the equipment. And the energy efficiency evaluation sends the current equipment parameters to the back end, and returns the equipment energy efficiency evaluation result and the whole result of the machine room. When a single device is clicked on a system energy consumption page, a device sub-page can be entered to check device details, the sub-page can display device parameters and historical operating data, and actual data and expected data can be compared.
(2) And designing a rear-end interface.
The backend interface integrates the device list and the energy efficiency evaluation model. According to different equipment of the air conditioning system, such as different parameters of a cooling tower, a chilled water pump, a cooling water pump, a water chilling unit and the like, different data models are constructed for parameter transmission calculation. The system follows the MVC (Model, view, controller) design, where the Controller layer is responsible for distributing network requests and the Model layer corresponds to system device objects. And returning a system energy efficiency evaluation result by the back end according to the equipment data through the energy efficiency evaluation interface.
In a second aspect, an energy efficiency evaluation device for a cold source system of an air conditioner comprises:
a memory for storing one or more programs;
and the processor is used for operating the program stored in the memory so as to realize the system energy efficiency evaluation method of the cold source of the air conditioner.
The device may also preferably include a communication interface for communicating with external devices and for data interchange.
It should be noted that the memory may include a high-speed RAM memory, and may also include a nonvolatile memory (nonvolatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.
In a specific implementation, if the memory, the processor and the communication interface are integrated on a chip, the memory, the processor and the communication interface can complete mutual communication through the internal interface. If the memory, the processor and the communication interface are implemented independently, the memory, the processor and the communication interface may be connected to each other via a bus and perform communication with each other.
In a third aspect, a computer-readable storage medium stores at least one program that, when executed by a processor, implements the method for evaluating the energy efficiency of a cold source system of an air conditioner as described above.
It should be appreciated that the computer-readable storage medium is any data storage device that can store data or programs which can thereafter be read by a computer system. Examples of the computer readable storage medium include read-only memory, random-access memory, CD-ROMs, HDDs, DVDs, magnetic tapes, optical data storage devices, and the like. The computer readable storage medium can also be distributed over network coupled computer systems so that the computer readable code is stored and executed in a distributed fashion.
Program code embodied on a computer readable storage medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wire, fiber optic cable, radio Frequency (RF), etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
In some embodiments, the computer-readable storage medium may be non-transitory.
Compared with the prior art, the method takes the historical operation data of the air-conditioning cold source system as an analysis object, divides the energy utilization modes according to the characteristic parameters of the cold source system and equipment and selects the evaluation indexes according to the hierarchical characteristics of the building air-conditioning cold source system to construct a three-level evaluation index system of the operation energy efficiency of the air-conditioning cold source system, and establishes an operation state energy efficiency evaluation model of the air-conditioning cold source system of the public building based on a data mining method, so that the engineering application is facilitated, and a basis is provided for formulating a scientific and reasonable energy-saving control scheme.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is specific and detailed, but not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The method for evaluating the energy efficiency of the air conditioner cold source system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring key parameters to be monitored of an air conditioner cold source system;
constructing an operation energy efficiency evaluation index system of the air conditioner cold source system based on the acquired key parameters;
setting energy-using classification parameters respectively adopted by different equipment in an air-conditioning cold source system;
and sequentially constructing an energy efficiency evaluation model of the equipment, the equipment system and the air conditioner cold source system based on the operation energy efficiency evaluation index system and the energy utilization classification parameters.
2. The energy efficiency evaluation method of the air conditioning cold source system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the key parameters include:
the flow rate Gci of the chilled water of the water chilling unit, the inlet and outlet temperatures Tchi and Tcho of the chilled water and the power Pci of a host machine;
water flow Gci, shaft power Pz, pressure difference Hr, water pump motor input power Pchpi, actual frequency n and rated frequency n of water pump e ；
Cooling water flow Gcwi of the cooling tower, inlet and outlet temperatures Tcwo and Tcwi of the cooling tower, input power Ptti of a motor and outdoor air wet bulb temperature Tw.
3. The energy efficiency evaluation method of the air conditioning cold source system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the operation energy efficiency evaluation index system comprises: establishing a first-level index, a second-level index and a third-level index of operation energy efficiency evaluation;
wherein the first-level index comprises the energy efficiency SCOP of the refrigerating machine room;
the secondary indexes comprise water chilling unit energy efficiency COPs, chilled water pump energy efficiency WTFchw, cooling water pump transmission coefficient WTFcw and cooling tower energy efficiency EERct;
the three-level indexes comprise a host performance coefficient COP, a chilled water supply and return water temperature difference ratio Tchp, a load rate eta c, a water pump efficiency eta p, a rotation speed ratio omega, a cooling tower set energy efficiency EERcti, a cooling tower set efficiency eta ct and a cooling water supply and return water temperature difference ratio Tcwp.
4. The energy efficiency evaluation method of the air conditioner cold source system according to claim 3, characterized in that:
calculation rule of first-level index refrigerating machine room energy efficiency SCOP:
in the formula: qc is the total refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating machine room, kW;
P all the total power of all energy equipment of the refrigerating machine room comprises a water chilling unit, a refrigerating pump, a cooling pump and a cooling tower group, and is kW;
the total refrigerating capacity Qc of the refrigerating machine room is accumulated by refrigerating capacities of all the water chiller units, and is as follows:
in the formula: qci is the refrigerating capacity of the ith water chilling unit;
and (3) secondary index calculation rules:
energy efficiency COPs of the water chilling unit:
in the formula: qc is the refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating machine room, kW;
pc is the total power of all water chilling units in the refrigerating machine room, kw; wherein Pc =SigmaPci, and Pci is the power of the ith cooling water unit;
energy efficiency WTFchw of the chilled water pump:
in the formula: qc is the refrigerating capacity of the refrigerating machine room, kW;
P chp the total power Kw of all the refrigeration water pumps in the refrigeration machine room;
pchp = ∑ Pchpi, and the Pchpi is the power of the ith chilled water pump;
cooling water pump energy efficiency WTFcw:
in the formula: qcw is the heat quantity conveyed by cooling water, kW;
P cwp the total power Kw of all the refrigeration water pumps in the refrigeration machine room;
pcwp =SigmaPwpi, and Pwpi is the power of the ith cooling water pump;
the total heat Qcw delivered by the cooling water is accumulated by the delivery heat of each cooling water pump according to the following formula:
in the formula: qcwi is the conveying heat quantity of the ith refrigerating water pump;
cooling tower energy efficiency EERct:
in the formula: qcw is the total heat quantity delivered by cooling water, kW;
P ct the total power of all cooling towers in a refrigeration machine room is kW;
pct = ∑ Pcti, which is the power of the ith cooling tower group;
and (3) calculation rules of the three-level indexes:
coefficient of performance of host
Wherein Qci is the cooling capacity of the host, kW;
cp is the specific heat capacity of water, kJ/(kg ℃); taking 4.18 kJ/(kg DEG C);
rho is the density of water, kg/m 3 (ii) a 1000kg/m are taken 3 ；
Gc is the flow rate of the cold water of the cold machine, m 3 /h；
Pci is the power input by the host, kW;
temperature difference ratio Tchp =for chilled water supply and return water
Wherein Tcho is the outlet temperature of the chilled water at DEG C;
tchi is the inlet temperature of the chilled water, DEG C;
the inlet and the outlet are opposite to the side of the water chilling unit and are measured at the evaporation end of the water chilling unit;
tchd is a design value of the temperature difference of the chilled water, DEG C, a default value is 5 ℃, and the Tchd can be input and adjusted according to the requirements of users; load factor
Wherein Qci is the cooling capacity of the host, kW;
qce is rated refrigerating capacity of the host, kW;
efficiency of water pump
Wherein rho is the density of water and the unit kg/m 3 Taking 1000kg/m 3 ；
g is gravity acceleration in m/s 2 Taking 9.807;
gc is the flow rate of the refrigerating pump, unit m 3 /h；
Hr is pump lift in m; pz is pump shaft power, unit kW;
ratio of rotational speeds
Wherein n is the actual frequency of the water pump in Hz;
n e taking 50Hz as the rated frequency of the water pump in Hz;
energy efficiency of cooling tower
Qcwi is the amount of heat delivered by the cooling water,
cp is the specific heat capacity of water, kJ/(kg ℃); 4.18 kJ/(kg. Degree. C.);
rho is the density of water, kg/m 3 ；
Gcw is cooling water flow rate, m 3 /h；
Ptti is the input power of a motor of the cooling tower group, and the powers of the cooling towers in the tower group are added;
cooling tower unit efficiency
Wherein Tcwo is the outlet temperature of cooling water at DEG C;
tcwi is the inlet temperature of cooling water, DEG C;
the inlet and the outlet are opposite to the side of the water chilling unit and are measured at the condensation end of the water chilling unit;
tw is the outdoor air wet bulb temperature, DEG C;
temperature difference ratio of cooling water supply and return water
Wherein Tcwo is the outlet temperature of cooling water at DEG C;
tcwi is the cooling water inlet temperature, DEG C;
the inlet and the outlet are opposite to the side of the water chilling unit and are measured at the condensation end of the water chilling unit;
tcwd is the design value of the cooling water temperature difference, DEG C, the default value is 5 ℃, and the value can be input and adjusted according to the requirements of users.
5. An energy efficiency evaluation method of an air conditioner cold source system according to any one of claims 3 to 4, characterized in that: the setting of the energy utilization classification parameters adopted by different devices in the air conditioner cold source system respectively comprises the following steps:
the water chilling unit adopts the operation load ratio as an energy classification parameter;
the water pump adopts the operating frequency as an energy-using classification parameter;
the cooling tower adopts the outdoor wet bulb temperature as an energy use classification parameter;
the equipment subsystem and the air conditioner cold source system both adopt the total load of the system as energy utilization classification parameters.
6. The energy efficiency evaluation method of the air conditioner cold source system according to claim 5, wherein: the energy efficiency evaluation model for sequentially constructing the equipment, the equipment system and the air conditioner cold source system based on the operation energy efficiency evaluation index system and the energy utilization classification parameters comprises the following steps:
collecting and preprocessing data calculated based on an operation energy efficiency rating index system; wherein the pre-processing comprises: and removing unstable values, abnormal values and missing values, randomly selecting part of preprocessed data to construct an energy efficiency evaluation model, and using the rest data to test the energy efficiency evaluation model.
7. The energy efficiency evaluation method of the air conditioner cold source system according to claim 6, wherein: the energy efficiency evaluation model of the equipment, the equipment system and the air conditioner cold source system is sequentially constructed based on the operation energy efficiency evaluation index system and the energy utilization classification parameters, and the energy efficiency evaluation model further comprises the following steps:
the method for constructing the energy efficiency evaluation model of the equipment comprises the following steps: establishing a dynamic energy utilization standard based on energy utilization modes corresponding to different energy utilization classification parameters according to energy utilization classification parameters respectively adopted by different equipment in an air-conditioning cold source system;
the energy efficiency evaluation model of the equipment system is constructed, and the method comprises the following steps:
for a chiller system, after a load distribution strategy of the chiller system is obtained, a starting and stopping scheme of the chiller under the corresponding total load rate is obtained, a single unit energy efficiency reference is established according to the three-level indexes of the corresponding chiller, the reference power of each unit is calculated and accumulated, the reference total power and the refrigerating capacity of the chiller system under the total load rate are further obtained, and the COPsbasic calculated according to the secondary indexes of the corresponding chiller is the energy efficiency reference value of the chiller system under the total load rate;
for a water pump system, after obtaining a corresponding total load rate, obtaining a starting and stopping scheme of the water pump, obtaining the number and frequency of starting and stopping the water pump at the load rate, calculating the reference power of each water pump according to the three-level indexes of the corresponding water pump, accumulating to obtain the power of the water pump at the total load rate, calculating to obtain WTFchwbasic or WTFcwbasic according to the two-level indexes of the corresponding water pump, and then taking the energy efficiency reference value of the water pump system at the total load rate;
for a cooling tower system, under the condition of obtaining the number of the cooling tower starting and stopping units and the outdoor wet bulb temperature, calculating and accumulating the reference power of each cooling tower according to the three-level indexes of the corresponding cooling tower to obtain the cooling tower system power under the total load rate, and calculating according to the two-level indexes of the corresponding cooling tower to obtain EERctbasic, so that the EERctbasic is the cooling tower system energy efficiency reference value under the temperature;
the method for constructing the energy efficiency evaluation model of the air conditioner cold source system comprises the following steps: and calculating the energy efficiency reference of the air-conditioning cold source system under the corresponding total load rate by using the sum of the total refrigerating capacity and the equipment system reference power after obtaining the reference power of the water chilling unit system, the reference power of the water pump system and the reference power of the cooling tower under the total load rate.
8. The energy efficiency evaluation method of the air conditioner cold source system according to claim 7, wherein: the method further comprises the following steps: and (3) checking the constructed energy efficiency evaluation model, which comprises the following steps: and checking the correctness of the model by using the residual data, and if the energy efficiency evaluation model has poor effect, reselecting the data for establishment.
9. The utility model provides an air conditioner cold source system energy efficiency evaluation equipment which characterized in that includes:
a memory for storing one or more programs;
a processor for operating the program stored in the memory to realize the method for evaluating the energy efficiency of the air conditioner cold source system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. A computer-readable storage medium storing at least one program, wherein the program, when executed by a processor, implements the method for evaluating the energy efficiency of an air conditioning cold source system according to any one of claims 1-8.
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| CN117450636A (en) * | 2023-12-25 | 2024-01-26 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Cold station performance prediction method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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| CN115899964A (en) * | 2022-12-22 | 2023-04-04 | 北京航天智造科技发展有限公司 | Multidimensional-based intelligent air conditioner monitoring method and system |
| CN117450636A (en) * | 2023-12-25 | 2024-01-26 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Cold station performance prediction method and device, electronic equipment and storage medium |
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