CN115496004A - Internal solitary wave numerical value wave generation method based on ocean measured data - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses an internal solitary wave numerical wave generation method based on ocean measured data, which comprises the steps of firstly determining the size of an observation basin, obtaining the distribution of seawater physical parameters on a three-dimensional space, sampling according to a set spatial resolution, and further obtaining the three-dimensional spatial distribution of internal solitary waves; rearranging the three-dimensional spatially distributed internal solitary wave actual measurement data into a data format which can be identified by Fluent simulation software, and generating a new ip file; establishing a calculation domain with the same size as the observation drainage basin, and establishing an internal solitary wave numerical water tank by using grid division software; and reading the grid file by using Fluent software, and interpolating the ip file into a calculation domain to complete numerical wave generation. Setting numerical parameters, solving formats, and clicking the call to start calculation to realize the free evolution motion of the internal solitary wave. The invention can simply and quickly simulate the internal solitary wave in the actual ocean and provides a novel and effective wave-making method for further researching the internal solitary wave in the follow-up process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of numerical simulation, and particularly relates to an internal solitary wave numerical wave generation method.
Background
Under the action of uneven heating of the ocean by solar radiation and the dynamics and thermodynamics of the atmosphere in different climatic zones, the temperature, salinity and density of seawater in each sea area are remarkably different, but the vertical distribution of the seawater shows a regular macroscopic hierarchical structure which is called an ocean layered structure. When the layered structure is damaged by external force disturbance, internal waves can be generated, and atmospheric pressure, wind fields, undersea hills, mountains and the like on the surface of the ocean can be used as disturbance sources for initiating the internal waves; in the process of internal wave propagation, nonlinear polarization can occur in the density jump layer, and then the internal wave is evolved into an internal solitary wave, the internal solitary wave has large amplitude and carries huge energy, the internal solitary wave is generally propagated in the form of wave group, seawater flow above and below the density jump layer can be in a shear state in the advancing process, strong amplitude and dispersion of the seawater and sudden strong flow are caused, and the maximum flow velocity of an induced internal wave flow field can reach more than 2 m/s. The large-amplitude internal solitary wave has important influence on marine material transportation, marine ecological environment, safe navigation of an offshore operation platform and an underwater vehicle.
In recent years, domestic and foreign scholars have developed a great deal of research and achieved numerous achievements around the generation mechanism, propagation evolution, detection and forecast of solitary waves in oceans and the interaction with oceans. According to the findings of relevant documents, the accurate and efficient generation of the internal solitary wave is a necessary prerequisite for research work, and the key two points of wave generation are data acquisition and wave generation methods. From the view of the internal soliton data acquisition means, the method is mainly divided into two categories: the first type is remote sensing image data analysis. The remote sensing data has the advantages of wide space coverage range, high spatial resolution and relatively low data acquisition cost. Patent CN 113406006A constructs a sample library by using an optical remote sensing image of a second-mode convex internal solitary wave, and inverts the amplitude of the second-mode convex internal solitary wave by using a neural network algorithm, where the accuracy of obtaining the amplitude of the internal wave by data detection is high, but the process of inverting the amplitude from the remote sensing image is cumbersome, and the complex characteristics of the marine solitary wave, such as its characteristic wavelength, wave velocity, etc., cannot be accurately described. The second type is the analysis of measured data, internal waves occur in the ocean, and the generated water motion not only changes along with time but also changes along with three-dimensional space, so that the observation of the internal waves needs three-dimensional stereo observation. Temperature/salt depth devices (CTD), current meters, acoustic doppler flow profilers (ADCP) are commonly used instruments. The field measurement provides the first data for the research of ocean internal waves, is the direct mode of researching the change of the ocean internal vertical structure caused by the ocean internal waves, but has higher economic cost. At present, a plurality of ocean buoy and subsurface buoy observation data can be downloaded from the internet, for example, the national ocean science data center network can download the flow velocity and flow direction of ocean currents, the temperature, salinity and pressure of the ocean, and the like, and a plurality of domestic scientific research units or college lead organizations can observe and obtain more detailed ocean data (the flow velocity component of the inner solitary wave three-dimensional section, the thickness of the thermocline, and the like). The patent CN 110008509A also obtains a continuous layered three-dimensional flow field structure in south sea by approximately solving a raynaud average navier-stokes (N-S) equation through ROMS simulation software based on actually measured data of temperature, salinity and depth in south sea, but the comparative analysis of simulation data and actual data is lacked, and the accuracy and reliability need to be further verified.
The common wave making method mainly comprises two modes of laboratory wave making and numerical simulation wave making, the laboratory wave making investment is small, the visibility is strong, modern advanced technologies and instruments can be conveniently adopted to carry out experimental research on the internal solitary wave, such as a schlieren technology, a hydrogen bubble technology, a PIV technology, a hot film velocimeter, a Doppler laser velocimeter and a floater technology, and patents CN 112697390A and CN107340118A disclose two internal solitary wave making devices with different purposes, but the laboratory wave making is limited by the field size, the internal wave water tank scale and the preparation of stratified fluid, and the experimental conditions are rigorous, so that multi-working-condition and complex tests are difficult to carry out. With the rapid development of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), the use of CFD numerical simulation to study internal solitary waves has become a research hotspot. A numerical water tank is established based on an internal solitary wave theory (KdV equation, MCC equation or DJL equation and the like) and a Fluent fluid simulation platform under the Boussinesq assumption, a finite volume method discrete incompressible N-S equation is adopted, and a VOF multi-phase flow model is set to consider a phase interface between fluids. The method has the main characteristics of flexible research mode, simple operation and strong repeatability, and has unique advantages for researching the influence of certain environmental parameter changes on the kinematic characteristics of the marine internal waves, exploring the dynamic mechanism of the marine internal waves and researching the excitation mechanism of the marine internal waves.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention provides an internal solitary wave numerical wave making method based on ocean measured data, which comprises the steps of firstly determining the size of an observation basin, obtaining the distribution of seawater physical parameters on a three-dimensional space, sampling according to a set spatial resolution, and further obtaining the three-dimensional spatial distribution of the internal solitary wave; rearranging the three-dimensional spatially distributed internal solitary wave actual measurement data into a data format which can be identified by Fluent simulation software, and generating a new ip file; establishing a calculation domain with the same size as the observation basin, and establishing an internal solitary wave numerical water tank by using grid division software; and reading the grid file by using Fluent software, and interpolating the ip file into a calculation domain to complete numerical wave generation. Setting numerical parameters, solving formats, and clicking the call to start calculation to realize the free evolution motion of the inner solitary wave. The invention can simply and quickly simulate the internal solitary wave in the actual ocean and provides a novel and effective wave-making method for further researching the internal solitary wave in the follow-up process.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining the size of an observation basin, acquiring the distribution of seawater physical parameters in a three-dimensional space, sampling according to a set spatial resolution, and further acquiring the three-dimensional spatial distribution of the internal solitary wave;
step 2: rearranging the three-dimensional spatially distributed internal solitary wave actual measurement data into a data format which can be identified by Fluent simulation software, and generating a new ip file;
and step 3: establishing a calculation domain with the same size as the observation drainage basin, and establishing an internal solitary wave numerical water tank by using grid division software;
and 4, step 4: and reading the grid file by using Fluent software, and interpolating the ip file into a calculation domain to complete numerical wave generation.
And 5: setting numerical parameters, solving formats, and clicking the call to start calculation to realize the free evolution motion of the internal solitary wave.
Further, the step 1 specifically includes:
step 1-1: determining the size of an observation basin;
establishing an observation area with a set size in a sea area where the internal solitary wave occurs;
step 1-2: measuring seawater information in the region by using a temperature/salt depth instrument (CTD) to obtain the conductivity, temperature and pressure of seawater, calculating the salinity of the seawater by using the conductivity, calculating the depth by using the pressure, and calculating the sound velocity;
step 1-3: measuring three-dimensional components and absolute directions of flow velocities of a plurality of layers on a section by using an acoustic Doppler flow profiler (ADCP);
step 1-4: recording the passing of the internal solitary wave through the steps 1-2 and 1-3, and obtaining the distribution rule of the physical parameters of pressure, temperature and flow velocity of the internal solitary wave in three dimensions.
Further, the method for obtaining the three-dimensional space distribution of the internal solitary wave in the step 1 is as follows:
and downloading public internal solitary wave observation data from the Internet or acquiring comprehensive internal solitary wave flow field data by taking the measured data as the initial input of a theoretical equation.
Further, the step 2 specifically includes:
rearranging and combining the data in the matrix format obtained in the step 1 into a column vector, adding a header file, wherein the header file comprises data dimension, data type and data amount, each data is separated by a left bracket and a right bracket, and finally generating a data file with the suffix of ip as data.
Further, the step 3 specifically includes:
and establishing an internal wave numerical water tank by using grid division software ICEM, establishing a geometric model, and dividing grid nodes, wherein the number of the grid nodes in three dimensions is consistent with the data resolution.
Further, the step 4 specifically includes:
opening Fluent software, after reading a grid file, interpolating the data.ip into a calculation domain through an interplate function, after the interpolation is completed, establishing a new Surface section to check whether each grid node in the calculation domain has flow field information, and after checking that no fault exists, completing wave generation.
Further, the step 5 specifically includes:
setting a Mixture multiphase flow model to ensure the mass exchange among the multilayer fluids, setting all the surfaces of the numerical water tank as Symmetry symmetrical surfaces, setting the numerical formats as second-order windward formats, and clicking the circle to realize the forward propagation of the internal solitary wave.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention provides a method for simulating the internal solitary wave in the actual ocean by taking actually measured marine solitary wave data as an initial source of data, adjusting and transforming the data and then directly interpolating the data into Fluent simulation software.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is an initial flow field-density distribution diagram generated by a DJL equation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of two-dimensional data expansion according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a grid division of a numerical sink in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a horizontal velocity distribution diagram and a vertical velocity distribution diagram of a flow field after interpolation is completed according to an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
The invention aims to provide an internal solitary wave numerical value wave-making method based on marine actual measurement data, which can realize high-efficiency numerical simulation of marine internal solitary waves, thereby providing a simple and reliable wave-making method for the research of internal solitary wave academics and engineering.
At present, most of the numerical wave making methods for internal solitary waves utilize a speed inlet wave making machine, a mass source wave making machine and a simulated physical wave making machine to make waves, and the made numerical internal solitary waves are generally compared with theoretical solutions to judge whether the wave making is accurate.
An internal solitary wave numerical value wave-making method based on ocean measured data comprises the following steps:
step 1: determining the size of an observation basin, acquiring the distribution of seawater physical parameters on a three-dimensional space, sampling with reasonable spatial resolution, and further acquiring the three-dimensional spatial distribution of the internal solitary waves;
the size of the observation watershed is determined, for example, an observation region of 3000 × 200 × 300m (length × width × height) is established in a sea area where isolated waves often occur in the south sea. The seawater information in the region is measured by a temperature/salt depth meter (CTD), which is an oceanographic instrument that can obtain the conductivity, temperature and pressure of seawater, wherein the salinity is calculated by the conductivity and the depth can be calculated by a pressure meter. In addition, according to the three parameters, other various physical parameters such as sound velocity and the like can be calculated. The three-dimensional components and absolute directions of the flow velocity of a plurality of layers on a section can be measured at one time by using an acoustic Doppler flow profiler (ADCP), and the acoustic Doppler flow profiler is an underwater acoustic flow meter. The two instruments can accurately record the passing of the internal solitary wave, and obtain the distribution rule of physical parameters such as pressure, temperature and flow velocity of the internal solitary wave in three dimensions. If the field observation cannot be carried out, the public internal solitary wave observation data can be downloaded from the internet or the comprehensive internal solitary wave flow field data can be obtained by taking a small amount of measured data as the initial input of a theoretical equation. The method is characterized in that points are taken every 10m in the horizontal direction (x axis), points are taken every 3m in the vertical direction (z axis), points are taken every 2m in the spanwise direction (y axis), on the premise that the characteristics of the inner solitary wave flow field can be accurately reflected, fewer points are taken as far as possible, and the follow-up calculated amount is prevented from being too large.
Step 2: rearranging the three-dimensional spatially distributed internal solitary wave actual measurement data into a data format which can be identified by Fluent simulation software, and generating a new ip file;
the size of the sorted data is 300 × 100=3000000, the data is in a matrix format when viewed from each section, the data format which can be recognized by Fluent software is in a column vector type, so the data is rearranged and combined into a column vector, and a correct header file is added so that Fluent can accurately recognize the data, the header file comprises data dimensions, data types and data amounts, each data is separated by left and right brackets, and finally, a data file with the suffix of ip is generated and is recorded as data.
And step 3: establishing a calculation domain with the same size as the observation drainage basin, and establishing an internal solitary wave numerical water tank by using grid division software;
and establishing an internal wave numerical water tank by using grid division software ICEM. Firstly, establishing a geometric model, then dividing grid nodes, and keeping the number of the grid nodes in three dimensions consistent with the data resolution, namely 300 multiplied by 100.
And 4, step 4: and reading the grid file by using Fluent software, and interpolating the ip file into a calculation domain to complete numerical wave generation.
Opening Fluent software, after reading a grid file, interpolating the data.ip into a calculation domain through an interplate function, after the interpolation is finished, establishing a new Surface (section) to check whether each grid node in the calculation domain has flow field information, and after the check is correct, finishing wave generation.
And 5: setting numerical parameters, solving formats, and clicking the call to start calculation to realize the free evolution motion of the internal solitary wave.
Setting a texture multiphase flow model to ensure the mass exchange among multiple layers of fluids, setting all surfaces of a numerical water tank as Symmetry symmetrical surfaces, setting numerical formats as second-order windward formats, and clicking a call to realize forward propagation of internal solitary waves. The efficient and accurate wave making method is provided for the subsequent propagation evolution of the internal solitary wave and the further research of the interaction with the structure.
The specific embodiment is as follows:
the embodiment provides an internal solitary wave numerical value wave-making method based on ocean measured data, the specific flow is as shown in fig. 1, and the following operation steps are explained in detail:
step 1: determining the size of an on-site observation basin, acquiring the distribution of seawater physical parameters in a three-dimensional space, sampling with reasonable spatial resolution, and further acquiring the three-dimensional spatial distribution of the internal solitary wave;
specifically, the method comprises the steps that marine instruments such as a temperature/salt depth meter (CTD) and an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) are utilized to measure flow field information of solitary waves in a certain sea area, or public marine solitary wave observation data are downloaded from the internet, and in order to simplify the operation process, a small amount of measured data are used as initial input of a DJL equation to obtain comprehensive internal solitary wave flow field data.
The DJL equation is a theory for describing complete nonlinear internal solitary waves, is very practical because it provides a numerical solution method of simple and permanent form translation waves, and can obtain a flow field which stably moves at a constant speed through calculation. The theory considers a rotation-free, incompressible and viscous-free fluid under the Bussince's Kelvin's approximation (Boussinesq), and in a two-dimensional fixed reference system, the equation expression is as follows (1) without considering the influence of background flow:
η(x,0)＝η(x,H)＝0 (2)
η→0,as|x|→∞ (3)
wherein N is 2 Represents the square of the buoyancy frequency, η represents the isosurface displacement, c represents the wave propagation velocity,
represents the vertical distribution of the average density of the seawater; x, z represent horizontal and vertical coordinates, H represents total water depth, | x | → ∞ represents that the absolute value of the horizontal coordinate tends to infinity, and g is gravitational acceleration;
the size and the resolution of a calculation domain, the Amplitude (APE) of an inner isolated wave, the central position and the thickness of a dense layer and the relative density ratio of upper and lower layer fluids are given, a DJL Equation calculation source code can be downloaded on a network (Dubreil-Jacotin-Long equalization solution, michael Dunphy, 2019), and the obtained initial two-dimensional flow field-density distribution is shown in the attached figure 2.
And 2, step: rearranging the three-dimensional spatially distributed internal solitary wave actual measurement data into a data format which can be identified by Fluent simulation software, and generating a new ip file;
specifically, two-dimensional solitary wave flow field data can be obtained in example step 1, and in order to further obtain a three-dimensional flow field, xoz is copied along the y-axis, and a schematic diagram is shown in fig. 3. As the format of the data is a three-dimensional matrix format, the data volume is related to the resolution, in order to enable Fluent software to identify the internal solitary wave flow field data, the data format is converted into column vectors, header file description is added, the header files are sequentially provided with data dimensions, data volume, data type number (6), data types (hydrostatic pressure, upper layer density, lower layer density, horizontal speed, vertical speed and spreading speed) from top to bottom, and the data are stored as a new file with the suffix ip and are marked as data.
And step 3: establishing a calculation domain with the same size as the observation drainage basin, and establishing an internal solitary wave numerical water tank by using grid division software;
specifically, an ICEM meshing software is used for establishing a calculation domain with the same size as the flow domain, an inlet and an outlet are set, the upper wall surface, the lower wall surface, the front wall surface and the rear wall surface are arranged, the calculation domain is meshed, the number of nodes on a dividing line is consistent with the resolution, as shown in figure 4
And 4, step 4: and opening Fluent software, reading the grid file, and interpolating the ip file into a calculation domain to complete numerical wave generation.
Specifically, the Fluent software is opened to read the grid file in the step 3, then the data.ip file in the step 2 is interpolated into a calculation domain by using an interpolation function, and after the interpolation is completed, a new Surface (section) is established to check the velocity distribution of the flow field, as shown in fig. 5. And finishing wave generation after checking.
And 5: setting numerical parameters, solving formats, and clicking the call to start calculation to realize the free evolution motion of the internal solitary wave.
Specifically, a texture multiphase flow model is further arranged to ensure mass exchange among multilayer fluids, k-epsilon is selected as the turbulence model, all surfaces of a numerical water tank are set as Symmetry planes, numerical formats are set as a second-order windward format, and calculation is stopped after convergence is found to be good and calculation is stable.
It should be noted that, under the condition of having fully measured data, the method of the present invention can accurately simulate an actual internal solitary wave flow field (with disturbance), and the present embodiment calculates and obtains internal solitary wave data based on the DJL equation, which is only for convenience of demonstrating an operation flow.
Claims (7)
1. An internal solitary wave numerical value wave-making method based on ocean measured data is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: determining the size of an observation basin, acquiring the distribution of seawater physical parameters on a three-dimensional space, sampling according to a set spatial resolution, and further acquiring the three-dimensional spatial distribution of the internal solitary waves;
and 2, step: rearranging the three-dimensional spatially distributed internal solitary wave actual measurement data into a data format which can be identified by Fluent simulation software, and generating a new ip file;
and 3, step 3: establishing a calculation domain with the same size as the observation drainage basin, and establishing an internal solitary wave numerical water tank by using grid division software;
and 4, step 4: reading the grid file by using Fluent software, and interpolating the ip file into a calculation domain to complete numerical wave generation;
and 5: setting numerical parameters, solving formats, and clicking the call to start calculation to realize the free evolution motion of the internal solitary wave.
2. The method for generating the internal solitary wave based on the marine measured data as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 1 specifically comprises:
step 1-1: determining the size of an observation basin;
establishing an observation area with a set size in a sea area where the internal solitary wave occurs;
step 1-2: measuring seawater information in the region by using a temperature/salt depth instrument (CTD) to obtain the conductivity, temperature and pressure of seawater, calculating the salinity of the seawater by using the conductivity, calculating the depth by using the pressure, and calculating the sound velocity;
step 1-3: measuring three-dimensional components and absolute directions of flow velocities of a plurality of layers on a section by using an acoustic Doppler flow profiler (ADCP);
step 1-4: recording the passing of the internal solitary wave through the steps 1-2 and 1-3, and obtaining the distribution rule of the physical parameters of pressure, temperature and flow velocity of the internal solitary wave in three dimensions.
3. The method for generating the internal soliton wave based on the marine actually measured data according to claim 1, wherein the method for obtaining the three-dimensional spatial distribution of the internal soliton wave in the step 1 is as follows:
and downloading public internal solitary wave observation data from the internet or acquiring comprehensive internal solitary wave flow field data by taking measured data as the initial input of a theoretical equation.
4. The method for generating internal solitary wave based on marine measured data as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step 2 comprises:
rearranging and combining the data in the matrix format obtained in the step 1 into a column vector, adding a header file, wherein the header file comprises data dimension, data type and data quantity, each data is separated by left and right brackets, and finally generating a data file with the suffix ip as data.
5. The method for generating the internal solitary wave based on the marine actually measured data as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 3 specifically comprises:
and establishing an internal wave numerical water tank by using grid division software ICEM, establishing a geometric model, and dividing grid nodes, wherein the number of the grid nodes in three dimensions is consistent with the data resolution.
6. The method for generating internal solitary wave based on marine measured data as claimed in claim 1, wherein said step 4 comprises:
opening Fluent software, after reading a grid file, interpolating the data.ip into a calculation domain through an interplate function, after the interpolation is completed, establishing a new Surface profile to check whether each grid node in the calculation domain has flow field information, and after the check is correct, completing wave generation.
7. The method for generating the internal solitary wave based on the marine actually measured data as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 5 specifically comprises:
setting a Mixture multiphase flow model to ensure the mass exchange among the multilayer fluids, setting all the surfaces of the numerical water tank as Symmetry symmetrical surfaces, setting the numerical formats as second-order windward formats, and clicking the circle to realize the forward propagation of the internal solitary wave.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN116227207A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-06-06 | 中国人民解放军海军潜艇学院 | Visible light image simulation method and system for underwater moving target wake |
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| CN117313587A (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2023-12-29 | 西北工业大学 | Method and system for simulating interaction between internal solitary wave and background shear flow |
| CN117521556A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-02-06 | 中国民用航空飞行学院 | Submarine attitude prediction method under influence of internal solitary waves |
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| CN116244935A (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-06-09 | 国家海洋环境预报中心 | Submarine pressure field construction and application method and system |
| CN116244935B (en) * | 2023-02-17 | 2023-09-19 | 国家海洋环境预报中心 | Submarine pressure field construction and application method and system |
| CN116227207A (en) * | 2023-03-09 | 2023-06-06 | 中国人民解放军海军潜艇学院 | Visible light image simulation method and system for underwater moving target wake |
| CN117521556A (en) * | 2023-11-27 | 2024-02-06 | 中国民用航空飞行学院 | Submarine attitude prediction method under influence of internal solitary waves |
| CN117313587A (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2023-12-29 | 西北工业大学 | Method and system for simulating interaction between internal solitary wave and background shear flow |
| CN117313587B (en) * | 2023-11-28 | 2024-02-06 | 西北工业大学 | Method and system for simulating interaction between internal solitary wave and background shear flow |
| CN117973046A (en) * | 2024-02-04 | 2024-05-03 | 中国人民解放军32021部队 | Ocean solitary wave propagation simulation method, device and storage medium |
| CN118067090A (en) * | 2024-04-25 | 2024-05-24 | 中国海洋大学 | Ocean internal wave three-dimensional schlieren simulation measurement method and device |
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