CN115495895A - Design method and device of photovoltaic heating system, electronic equipment and storage medium - Google Patents

Design method and device of photovoltaic heating system, electronic equipment and storage medium Download PDF

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CN115495895A
CN115495895A CN202211109987.1A CN202211109987A CN115495895A CN 115495895 A CN115495895 A CN 115495895A CN 202211109987 A CN202211109987 A CN 202211109987A CN 115495895 A CN115495895 A CN 115495895A
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photovoltaic panel
time
irradiance
hourly
photovoltaic
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杨旭东
职远
孙涛
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D13/00—Electric heating systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D18/00—Small-scale combined heat and power [CHP] generation systems specially adapted for domestic heating, space heating or domestic hot-water supply
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2101/00—Electric generators of small-scale CHP systems
    • F24D2101/40—Photovoltaic [PV] modules
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/02—Photovoltaic energy
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
    • G06F2119/08—Thermal analysis or thermal optimisation

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Abstract

The application discloses a design method and device of a photovoltaic heating system, electronic equipment and a storage medium, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the method is based on hierarchical clustering, the historical meteorological parameters are classified according to seasons and weather conditions, and a meteorological database is established to determine the outdoor hourly temperature and the first hourly irradiance of a target date; establishing a position coordinate function of the sun and a normal vector coordinate of the photovoltaic panel based on a coordinate analysis method, and calculating a second hourly irradiance received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel; calculating a volt-ampere characteristic curve of the photovoltaic panel by utilizing a preset equivalent circuit model; and then combining a conductance incremental method MPPT algorithm to obtain the hourly output power of the photovoltaic panel and using the hourly output power as thermal disturbance, and combining the building information and the heating terminal information to calculate the hourly indoor temperature of the heating building. Therefore, the problems that in the related art, the photovoltaic power generation performance is influenced by weather, the stability is insufficient, the structure of a photovoltaic heating system is complex, and the heating effect is difficult to predict only by engineering experience are solved.

Description

Design method and device of photovoltaic heating system, electronic equipment and storage medium
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of photovoltaic heating, in particular to a design method and device of a photovoltaic heating system, electronic equipment and a storage medium.
Background
With the development of the photovoltaic industry and the civilization of the price of related equipment, more and more people begin to consider using photovoltaic heating, so that the heating energy consumption and the operating cost can be reduced, and pollutants and carbon dioxide are not generated in the operating process, so that the zero-carbon clean heating technology is provided.
However, in the related art, the photovoltaic power generation performance is affected by weather and has uncertainty, and the photovoltaic heating system has a complex structure, so that the heating effect of the system is difficult to predict only by engineering experience, and a reliable model prediction is needed to guide scheme design so that the photovoltaic heating system can meet the heating requirement of a resident and needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a design method and device of a photovoltaic heating system, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and aims to solve the technical problems that in the related technology, the photovoltaic power generation performance is influenced by weather, the stability is insufficient, the structure of the photovoltaic heating system is complex, and the heating effect of the photovoltaic heating system is difficult to predict only by engineering experience.
An embodiment of a first aspect of the present application provides a design method of a photovoltaic heating system, including the following steps: the method is based on hierarchical clustering, historical meteorological parameters are classified according to seasons and weather conditions, a meteorological database is established, and the outdoor hourly temperature and the first hourly irradiance of a target date are determined; establishing a position coordinate function of the sun and a normal vector coordinate of the photovoltaic panel based on a coordinate analysis method, and calculating a second time-lapse irradiance received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel according to the relative position of the sun and the photovoltaic panel and the first time-lapse irradiance; calculating a volt-ampere characteristic curve of the photovoltaic panel by using a preset equivalent circuit model and combining the second time-by-time irradiance of the photovoltaic panel and the outdoor time-by-time temperature; on the basis of the volt-ampere characteristic curve, the hourly output power of the photovoltaic panel is obtained by combining a conductance incremental method MPPT algorithm; and calculating the hourly indoor temperature of the heating building by taking the hourly output power of the photovoltaic panel as thermal disturbance and combining building information and heating terminal information.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the hierarchical clustering-based method for classifying historical meteorological parameters according to seasons and weather conditions and establishing a meteorological database to determine the outdoor time-wise temperature and the first time-wise irradiance of the target date includes: calculating the weight of the expression coefficient of the Euclidean distance among the matrixes based on the member index, the non-member index and the hesitation index; and classifying the meteorological data into different categories according to the weight of the expression coefficient of Euclidean distance between the matrixes, and deriving corresponding hourly meteorological parameters from the meteorological database according to the season to which the target date belongs and the weather condition.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the coordinate analysis-based method for establishing a position coordinate function of the sun and a normal vector coordinate of the photovoltaic panel to calculate a second time-lapse irradiance received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel according to the relative position of the sun and the photovoltaic panel and the first time-lapse irradiance includes: establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the direction vertical to the ground, the direction of the east and the direction of the south as the directions of three-dimensional coordinate axes; in a rectangular coordinate system, a solar position coordinate function and a photovoltaic panel surface normal vector coordinate are respectively established, the proportion of the direct solar radiation received by the photovoltaic panel surface is obtained through the relative position relation between the sun and the photovoltaic panel, and the direct solar radiation received by the photovoltaic panel surface is calculated by combining the first hourly irradiance.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the coordinate analysis-based method establishes a position coordinate function of the sun and a normal vector coordinate of the photovoltaic panel to calculate a second time-lapse irradiance received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel according to the relative position of the sun and the photovoltaic panel and the first time-lapse irradiance, and further includes: calculating sky scattered radiation and ground reflected radiation received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel according to the installation inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel and the first hourly irradiance; and obtaining actual solar irradiance according to the direct solar radiation, the sky scattered radiation and the ground reflected radiation.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the calculating a current-voltage characteristic curve of the photovoltaic panel by using a preset equivalent circuit model and combining the second time-wise irradiance of the photovoltaic panel and the outdoor time-wise temperature includes: and generating a power-voltage curve of the photovoltaic panel according to the outdoor time-by-time temperature and the actual solar irradiance.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the application, the calculating the hourly room temperature of the heated building by using the hourly output power of the photovoltaic panel as the thermal disturbance in combination with the building information and the heating end information includes: and calculating the building load by combining the building information and the heating tail end information by using a difference method, and calculating the indoor temperature of the heating building by taking the hourly output power as the thermal disturbance.
An embodiment of a second aspect of the present application provides a design device of a photovoltaic heating system, including: the determining module is used for classifying the historical meteorological parameters according to seasons and weather conditions based on a hierarchical clustering method, and establishing a meteorological database so as to determine the outdoor hourly temperature and the first hourly irradiance of a target date; the first calculation module is used for establishing a position coordinate function of the sun and a normal vector coordinate of the photovoltaic panel based on a coordinate analysis method so as to calculate a second time-lapse irradiance received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel according to the relative position of the sun and the photovoltaic panel and the first time-lapse irradiance; the second calculation module is used for calculating a volt-ampere characteristic curve of the photovoltaic panel by utilizing a preset equivalent circuit model and combining a second hourly irradiance of the photovoltaic panel and the outdoor hourly temperature; the third calculation module is used for obtaining the time-by-time output power of the photovoltaic panel by combining a conductance incremental method MPPT algorithm on the basis of the volt-ampere characteristic curve; and the fourth calculation module is used for calculating the time-by-time indoor temperature of the heating building by taking the time-by-time output power of the photovoltaic panel as thermal disturbance and combining the building information and the heating terminal information.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the determining module includes: a first calculation unit configured to calculate a weight of an expression coefficient of euclidean distances between matrices based on the member index, the non-member index, and the hesitation index; and the derivation unit is used for dividing the meteorological data into different categories according to the weight of the expression coefficient of the Euclidean distance between the matrixes, and deriving corresponding hourly meteorological parameters from the meteorological database according to the season to which the target date belongs and the weather condition.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the first calculating module includes: the coordinate system establishing unit is used for establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the direction vertical to the ground, the east-righting direction and the south-righting direction as the directions of three-dimensional coordinate axes; the second calculation unit is used for respectively establishing a solar position coordinate function and a photovoltaic panel surface normal vector coordinate in a rectangular coordinate system, obtaining the proportion of the direct solar radiation received by the photovoltaic panel surface according to the relative position relation of the sun and the photovoltaic panel, and calculating the direct solar radiation received by the photovoltaic panel surface by combining the first hourly irradiance.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the first computing module further includes: the third calculation unit is used for calculating sky scattered radiation and ground reflected radiation received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel according to the installation inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel and the first hourly irradiance; and the fourth calculation unit is used for obtaining actual solar irradiance according to the direct solar radiation, the sky scattered radiation and the ground reflected radiation.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the second calculating module includes: and the generating unit is used for generating a power-voltage curve of the photovoltaic panel according to the outdoor time-by-time temperature and the actual solar irradiance.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the fourth calculating module includes: and a fifth calculating unit, configured to calculate a building load by using a difference method in combination with the building information and the heating end information, and calculate an indoor temperature of the heating building by using the time-by-time output power as the thermal disturbance.
An embodiment of a third aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, including: the photovoltaic heating system comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor executes the program to realize the design method of the photovoltaic heating system according to the embodiment.
An embodiment of a fourth aspect of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program, and when the program is executed by a processor, the computer program implements the above method for designing a photovoltaic heating system.
According to the embodiment of the application, a meteorological database can be established based on historical meteorological parameters, future meteorological parameters are predicted, a hierarchical clustering method, a coordinate analysis method and a preset equivalent circuit model are utilized, the time-by-time output power of a photovoltaic panel is predicted by combining a physical model, meanwhile, the information of a heating building and the information of a heating terminal are combined, the heating load of the building is calculated by utilizing a difference method, the indoor temperature of the heating building is calculated by combining the power of the photovoltaic panel, and the prediction of the heating effect of a photovoltaic heating system is realized. Therefore, the technical problems that in the related art, the photovoltaic power generation performance is influenced by weather, the stability is insufficient, the structure of a photovoltaic heating system is complex, and the heating effect is difficult to predict only by engineering experience are solved.
Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the present application.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for designing a photovoltaic heating system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;
fig. 2 is a flow chart of a method of designing a photovoltaic heating system according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating a method of designing a photovoltaic heating system according to one embodiment of the present application;
fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a design device of a photovoltaic heating system according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present application, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are exemplary and intended to be used for explaining the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application.
The following describes a design method, a device, an electronic device, and a storage medium of a photovoltaic heating system according to an embodiment of the present application with reference to the drawings. In order to solve the technical problems that the photovoltaic power generation performance is affected by weather, the stability is insufficient, the structure of a photovoltaic heating system is complex, and the heating effect of the photovoltaic heating system is difficult to predict only by engineering experience in the related technology mentioned in the background technology center, the method can build a meteorological database based on historical meteorological parameters, predict future meteorological parameters, predict the hourly output power of a photovoltaic panel by combining a hierarchical clustering method, a coordinate analysis method and a preset equivalent circuit model, predict the indoor temperature of the heating building by combining a physical model, combine the information of the heating building and the heating terminal information, calculate the heating load of the building by using a difference method, calculate the indoor temperature of the heating building by combining the power of the photovoltaic panel, realize the prediction of the heating effect of the photovoltaic heating system, accurately predict the future photovoltaic output power and the indoor temperature of the heating building, provide the prediction effect of the heating system for designers of the photovoltaic heating system, and provide the reference basis for the design and the selection of the heating scheme for the designers of the photovoltaic system by modifying parameters. Therefore, the technical problems that in the related art, the photovoltaic power generation performance is influenced by weather, the stability is insufficient, the structure of a photovoltaic heating system is complex, and the heating effect is difficult to predict only by engineering experience are solved.
Specifically, fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for designing a photovoltaic heating system according to an embodiment of the present application.
As shown in fig. 1, the design method of the photovoltaic heating system includes the following steps:
in step S101, based on the hierarchical clustering method, the historical meteorological parameters are classified according to seasons and weather conditions, and a meteorological database is established to determine the outdoor hourly temperature and the first hourly irradiance of the target date.
It can be understood that the performance of photovoltaic power generation is greatly influenced by weather and has uncertainty, and in order to improve the accuracy of predicting the performance of photovoltaic power generation, the embodiment of the application can classify historical meteorological parameters, namely time-by-time temperature and time-by-time irradiance according to seasons and weather conditions, establish a meteorological database, and obtain meteorological data in different time periods and different weather conditions based on a hierarchical clustering method, so as to determine the outdoor time-by-time temperature and the first time-by-time irradiance of a target date.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the hierarchical clustering-based method of classifying historical meteorological parameters according to seasons and weather conditions, and building a meteorological database to determine an outdoor time-wise temperature and a first time-wise irradiance of a target date includes: calculating the weight of the expression coefficient of the Euclidean distance between the matrixes based on the member index, the non-member index and the hesitation index; and classifying the meteorological data into different categories according to the weight of the expression coefficient of the Euclidean distance between the matrixes, and deriving corresponding time-by-time meteorological parameters from a meteorological database according to the season to which the target date belongs and the weather condition.
Specifically, before the hierarchical clustering algorithm is utilized, the embodiment of the present application may define three indexes: and calculating the weight of an expression coefficient of Euclidean distance between matrixes by using the three indexes, wherein the Euclidean distance expression can be as follows:
Figure BDA0003842734890000051
wherein A and B represent two 1 × 24 matrices, x i Represents an element in the time-wise irradiance matrix, μ ∈ (0, 1), v ∈ (0, 1), and 0 ≦ μ i +v i And the relation coefficient omega represents the weight of the hesitation index.
Further, according to the embodiment of the application, the meteorological data can be divided into different categories according to the difference of the distance between the matrixes, and corresponding time-by-time meteorological parameters can be derived from the database according to the season to which the target date belongs and the weather condition.
In step S102, based on the coordinate analysis method, a position coordinate function of the sun and normal vector coordinates of the photovoltaic panel are established to calculate a second time-lapse irradiance received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel according to the relative position of the sun and the photovoltaic panel and the first time-lapse irradiance.
In the actual implementation process, the position coordinate function of the sun and the normal vector coordinates of the photovoltaic panel can be established based on a coordinate analysis method, the relative position change function of the sun and the photovoltaic panel is analyzed, the second hourly irradiance received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel is obtained through calculation, and the external photovoltaic output power and the external heating effect can be conveniently and accurately predicted subsequently.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the method for establishing a position coordinate function of the sun and the normal vector coordinates of the photovoltaic panel based on the coordinate analysis to calculate a second time-lapse irradiance received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel according to the relative position of the sun and the photovoltaic panel and the first time-lapse irradiance includes: establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the direction vertical to the ground, the direction of the east and the direction of the south as the directions of three-dimensional coordinate axes; in the rectangular coordinate system, a solar position coordinate function and a photovoltaic panel surface normal vector coordinate are respectively established, the proportion of the direct solar radiation received by the photovoltaic panel surface is obtained through the relative position relation of the sun and the photovoltaic panel, and the direct solar radiation received by the photovoltaic panel surface is calculated by combining the first hourly irradiance.
As a possible implementation manner, in the embodiment of the application, a rectangular coordinate system may be established with the direction perpendicular to the ground, the direction perpendicular to the east, and the direction perpendicular to the south as the directions of three-dimensional coordinate axes, and a solar position coordinate function and a normal vector coordinate of the photovoltaic panel surface are respectively established in the coordinate system, a ratio of the solar direct radiation received by the photovoltaic panel surface is obtained through a relative position relationship between the sun and the photovoltaic panel, and the solar direct radiation received by the photovoltaic panel surface may be calculated by combining with the first time-lapse irradiance obtained by hierarchical clustering, so that a second time-lapse irradiance is obtained, and it is convenient to accurately predict external photovoltaic output power and heating effect subsequently.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the method based on coordinate analysis establishes a position coordinate function of the sun and a normal vector coordinate of the photovoltaic panel to calculate a second time-lapse irradiance received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel according to the relative position of the sun and the photovoltaic panel and the first time-lapse irradiance, and further includes: calculating sky scattered radiation and ground reflected radiation received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel according to the installation inclination angle and the first hourly irradiance of the photovoltaic panel; and obtaining actual solar irradiance according to the direct solar radiation, the sky scattered radiation and the ground reflected radiation.
In some embodiments, when calculating the second hourly irradiance, the embodiments of the present application may combine direct solar radiation, an installation inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel, and hierarchical clustering to obtain the first hourly irradiance, calculate sky scattered radiation and ground reflected radiation received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and add the three irradiances to obtain an actual solar irradiance received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel.
In step S103, a preset equivalent circuit model is used, and the second time-by-time irradiance and the outdoor time-by-time temperature of the photovoltaic panel are combined to calculate a voltage-current characteristic curve of the photovoltaic panel.
Further, the air conditioner is provided with a fan,the embodiment of the application can obtain the standard condition (illumination: 1000W/m) of the photovoltaic panel based on the diode equation and the kirchhoff current law by using the equivalent circuit model, combining the hourly outdoor temperature and the calculated second hourly irradiance of the photovoltaic panel and using the known parameters on the photovoltaic nameplate 2 Voltammetric curve at 25 ℃.
Wherein, known parameters on the photovoltaic panel nameplate can include: short circuit current, open circuit voltage, maximum current, and maximum voltage.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, calculating a current-voltage characteristic curve of the photovoltaic panel by using a preset equivalent circuit model and combining the second time-wise irradiance and the outdoor time-wise temperature of the photovoltaic panel, includes: and generating a power-voltage curve of the photovoltaic panel according to the outdoor time-by-time temperature and the actual solar irradiance.
Specifically, the power-voltage curve of the photovoltaic panel in the specific environment can be calculated and obtained by combining the outdoor time-by-time temperature obtained by hierarchical clustering and the actual solar irradiance received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel obtained by a coordinate analysis method.
In step S104, on the basis of the voltage-current characteristic curve, a time-by-time output power of the photovoltaic panel is obtained by combining a conductance incremental method MPPT algorithm.
In an actual implementation process, the embodiment of the application can output a maximum power value at a point where the power and voltage partial derivatives are 0 by combining a conductance incremental method MPPT algorithm on the basis of a volt-ampere characteristic curve, so as to obtain the hourly output power of the photovoltaic panel.
When calculating, the embodiment of the present application may change the setting of the randomly selected initial value into: initial voltage value is U =0.7U m (U m The maximum voltage of the photovoltaic panel), and then the point at which the derivative of the power to the voltage is zero can be used as the maximum power point of the voltage and the power by adjusting the value of U, and the numerical value of the power can be the actual output power after passing through the DC/DC converter.
In step S105, the hourly output power of the photovoltaic panel is used as the thermal disturbance, and the hourly indoor temperature of the heated building is calculated by combining the building information and the heating end information.
As a possible implementation manner, the embodiment of the present application may perform building load calculation by combining building information such as a heating area, an enclosure parameter, a geographical location, and the like, and heating end information such as a location of an electric heater, a heat storage parameter, and the like, and calculate a time-by-time indoor temperature of a heating building by using the output power of the photovoltaic panel as a thermal disturbance.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, calculating a time-by-time indoor temperature of a heated building by using the time-by-time output power of the photovoltaic panel as a thermal disturbance and combining the building information and the heating end information includes: the difference method is utilized, building load calculation is carried out by combining building information and heating terminal information, and meanwhile indoor temperature calculation of a heating building is carried out by taking hourly output power as thermal disturbance.
In some embodiments, the difference method can be used in the embodiments of the present application, building load calculation is performed by combining building information such as heating area, building envelope parameters, geographical location, and the like, and heating end information such as the location of an electric heater, heat storage parameters, and the like, and meanwhile, the indoor temperature of the heating building is calculated by using the output power of the photovoltaic panel as thermal disturbance, so that the heating effect of the photovoltaic heating system is predicted, and thus the future photovoltaic output power and the indoor temperature of the heating building can be accurately predicted, the prediction effect of the heating system is provided for a designer of the photovoltaic heating system, and heating prediction effects of different schemes can be obtained by modifying scheme parameters, and a reference basis for scheme design and scheme selection is provided for the designer of the photovoltaic heating system.
With reference to fig. 2 and fig. 3, the working principle of the design method of the photovoltaic heating system according to the embodiment of the present application is explained in detail by an embodiment.
In an actual execution process, a flow of the embodiment of the present application may be as shown in fig. 2, a working principle of the embodiment of the present application may be as shown in fig. 3, and the embodiment of the present application may include the following steps:
step S201: establishing a local historical meteorological database, and dividing the historical time-by-time irradiance and the time-by-time temperature of each season into different categories according to different weather conditions based on a hierarchical clustering method to obtain a first time-by-time irradiance and a time-by-time temperature value under any weather condition of each season.
According to the embodiment of the application, historical meteorological parameters can be input, namely outdoor hourly temperature and hourly irradiance are classified according to different seasons and weather conditions by means of hierarchical clustering, and typical hourly irradiance and outdoor hourly temperature of a certain weather condition at any time can be obtained as output results.
Step S202: and establishing a coordinate function of the position of the sun and a coordinate of the normal direction of the photovoltaic panel, calculating an included angle between the direct solar ray and the normal of the surface of the photovoltaic panel, and combining the first time-lapse irradiance to obtain a second time-lapse irradiance of the surface of the photovoltaic panel.
The embodiment of the application can input position information, establish three-dimensional rectangular coordinate, and according to the coordinate of the surface normal vector of sun position coordinate function and photovoltaic board, calculate the relative relation of the sun for the photovoltaic board surface, thereby combine the first hourly irradiance result of step S201 output to calculate the direct solar irradiance that the photovoltaic board surface received, in addition sky scattered irradiance and ground reflected irradiance can obtain the total real-time irradiance that the photovoltaic board surface received as output result, second hourly irradiance promptly.
Step S203: and obtaining a volt-ampere characteristic curve of the photovoltaic panel by utilizing an equivalent circuit model of the photovoltaic panel and combining the time-by-time temperature and the second time-by-time irradiance.
The data plate parameter of photovoltaic board can be input to this application embodiment, include: the maximum voltage, the maximum current, the short-circuit current and the open-circuit voltage are combined with the outdoor time-by-time temperature output in the step S201 and the total real-time irradiance received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel output in the step S202, and the time-by-time volt-ampere characteristic curve of the photovoltaic panel is obtained by using the equivalent circuit model and is used as an output result.
Step S204: and (3) obtaining the time-by-time output power of the DC/DC converter side by combining a volt-ampere characteristic curve based on an MPPT algorithm of an improved conductance incremental method.
In the embodiment of the application, the volt-ampere characteristic curve in step S203 may be input, a time-by-time maximum power point may be obtained by combining with a conductance increment MPPT algorithm, and a time-by-time maximum power value may be used as an output result.
Step S205: calculating the coincidence of the heating building based on a difference method, and combining the hourly output power of the photovoltaic panel as the thermal disturbance of the building to obtain the hourly temperature of the heating room.
According to the embodiment of the application, building related information such as heating area, building envelope parameters, building function application and the like and heating tail end information such as the position of an electric heater, heat storage parameters and the like can be input to calculate the building load, and meanwhile, the indoor temperature of the heating building is calculated by using the difference method by taking the output power of the photovoltaic panel output in the step S204 as thermal disturbance.
It should be noted that the equipment involved in each step of the above algorithm is commercially available equipment, and the required parameters can be obtained on the nameplate.
For different photovoltaic heating systems, relevant parameters can be modified in the algorithm according to the actual conditions of the systems, so that design prediction results according with actual projects are obtained.
According to the design method of the photovoltaic heating system, a meteorological database can be established based on historical meteorological parameters, future meteorological parameters are predicted, a hierarchical clustering method, a coordinate analysis method and a preset equivalent circuit model are utilized, the hourly output power of a photovoltaic panel is predicted by combining a physical model, meanwhile, the heating load of the building is calculated by combining the information of the heating building and the heating tail end information, the indoor temperature of the heating building is calculated by combining the power of the photovoltaic panel, and the prediction of the heating effect of the photovoltaic heating system is achieved. Therefore, the technical problems that in the related technology, the photovoltaic power generation performance is influenced by weather, the stability is insufficient, the structure of a photovoltaic heating system is complex, and the heating effect is difficult to predict only by engineering experience are solved.
Next, a design device of a photovoltaic heating system according to an embodiment of the present application will be described with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 4 is a block diagram schematically illustrating a design device of a photovoltaic heating system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 4, the design device 10 of the photovoltaic heating system includes: a determination module 100, a first calculation module 200, a second calculation module 300, a third calculation module 400 and a fourth calculation module 500.
Specifically, the determining module 100 is configured to classify the historical meteorological parameters according to seasons and weather conditions based on a hierarchical clustering method, and establish a meteorological database to determine the outdoor time-by-time temperature and the first time-by-time irradiance of the target date.
The first calculation module 200 is used for establishing a position coordinate function of the sun and the normal vector coordinates of the photovoltaic panel based on a coordinate analysis method so as to calculate the second time-lapse irradiance received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel according to the relative position of the sun and the photovoltaic panel and the first time-lapse irradiance.
The second calculating module 300 is configured to calculate a voltage-current characteristic curve of the photovoltaic panel by using a preset equivalent circuit model and combining the second time-by-time irradiance and the outdoor time-by-time temperature of the photovoltaic panel.
And a third calculating module 400, configured to obtain the time-by-time output power of the photovoltaic panel by combining a conductance incremental method MPPT algorithm on the basis of the voltage-current characteristic curve.
And a fourth calculating module 500, configured to calculate a time-by-time indoor temperature of the heating building by using the time-by-time output power of the photovoltaic panel as a thermal disturbance and combining the building information and the heating terminal information.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the determining module 100 includes: a first calculation unit and a derivation unit.
The first calculating unit is used for calculating the weight of the expression coefficient of the Euclidean distance between the matrixes based on the member index, the non-member index and the hesitation index.
And the derivation unit is used for dividing the meteorological data into different categories according to the weight of the expression coefficient of the Euclidean distance between the matrixes, and deriving the corresponding time-by-time meteorological parameters from the meteorological database according to the season to which the target date belongs and the weather condition.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the first computing module 200 includes: a coordinate system establishing unit and a second calculating unit.
The coordinate system establishing unit is used for establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the direction vertical to the ground, the direction vertical to the east and the direction vertical to the south as the directions of three-dimensional coordinate axes.
And the second calculation unit is used for respectively establishing a solar position coordinate function and a normal vector coordinate of the surface of the photovoltaic panel in the rectangular coordinate system, obtaining the proportion of the direct solar radiation received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel according to the relative position relation of the sun and the photovoltaic panel, and calculating the direct solar radiation received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel by combining the first hourly irradiance.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the first computing module 200 further includes: a third calculation unit and a fourth calculation unit.
The third calculation unit is used for calculating sky scattered radiation and ground reflected radiation received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel according to the installation inclination angle and the first hourly irradiance of the photovoltaic panel.
And the fourth calculation unit is used for obtaining the actual solar irradiance according to the direct solar radiation, the sky scattered radiation and the ground reflected radiation.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the second computing module 300 includes: and a generating unit.
The generating unit is used for generating a power-voltage curve of the photovoltaic panel according to the outdoor time-by-time temperature and the actual solar irradiance.
Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the fourth calculating module 500 includes: and a fifth calculation unit.
The fifth calculating unit is used for calculating the building load by combining the building information and the heating terminal information by using a difference method, and calculating the indoor temperature of the heating building by taking the hourly output power as the thermal disturbance.
It should be noted that the explanation of the embodiment of the design method of the photovoltaic heating system is also applicable to the design device of the photovoltaic heating system of the embodiment, and is not repeated herein.
According to the design device of the photovoltaic heating system, a meteorological database can be established based on historical meteorological parameters, future meteorological parameters are predicted, a hierarchical clustering method, a coordinate analysis method and a preset equivalent circuit model are utilized, the hourly output power of the photovoltaic panel is predicted by combining a physical model, meanwhile, the heating load of the building is calculated by using a difference method by combining the information of the heating building and the heating tail end information, the indoor temperature of the heating building is calculated by combining the power of the photovoltaic panel, and the prediction of the heating effect of the photovoltaic heating system is achieved, so that the future photovoltaic output power and the indoor temperature of the heating building can be accurately predicted, the prediction effect of the heating system is provided for a designer of the photovoltaic heating system, the heating prediction effect of different schemes can be obtained by modifying scheme parameters, and a reference basis for scheme design and scheme selection is provided for the designer of the photovoltaic heating system. Therefore, the technical problems that in the related art, the photovoltaic power generation performance is influenced by weather, the stability is insufficient, the structure of a photovoltaic heating system is complex, and the heating effect is difficult to predict only by engineering experience are solved.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application. The electronic device may include:
a memory 501, a processor 502, and a computer program stored on the memory 501 and executable on the processor 502.
The processor 502 executes the program to implement the design method of the photovoltaic heating system provided in the above embodiments.
Further, the electronic device further includes:
a communication interface 503 for communication between the memory 501 and the processor 502.
A memory 501 for storing computer programs operable on the processor 502.
The memory 501 may comprise high-speed RAM memory, and may also include non-volatile memory (non-volatile memory), such as at least one disk memory.
If the memory 501, the processor 502 and the communication interface 503 are implemented independently, the communication interface 503, the memory 501 and the processor 502 may be connected to each other through a bus and perform communication with each other. The bus may be an Industry Standard Architecture (ISA) bus, a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, an Extended ISA (EISA) bus, or the like. The bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown in FIG. 5, but that does not indicate only one bus or one type of bus.
Alternatively, in a specific implementation, if the memory 501, the processor 502, and the communication interface 503 are integrated on a chip, the memory 501, the processor 502, and the communication interface 503 may complete communication with each other through an internal interface.
The processor 502 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or one or more Integrated circuits configured to implement embodiments of the present Application.
The embodiment of the application also provides a computer readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, and when the program is executed by a processor, the method for designing the photovoltaic heating system is implemented.
In the description herein, reference to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or N embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the feature. In the description of the present application, "N" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.
Any process or method descriptions in flow charts or otherwise described herein may be understood as representing modules, segments, or portions of code which include one or N executable instructions for implementing steps of a custom logic function or process, and alternate implementations are included within the scope of the preferred embodiment of the present application in which functions may be executed out of order from that shown or discussed, including substantially concurrently or in reverse order, depending on the functionality involved, as would be understood by those reasonably skilled in the art of the present application.
The logic and/or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, e.g., an ordered listing of executable instructions that can be considered to implement logical functions, can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device, such as a computer-based system, processor-containing system, or other system that can fetch the instructions from the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device and execute the instructions. For the purposes of this description, a "computer-readable medium" can be any means that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport the program for use by or in connection with the instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (a non-exhaustive list) of the computer-readable medium would include the following: an electrical connection (electronic device) having one or N wires, a portable computer diskette (magnetic device), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber device, and a portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Additionally, the computer-readable medium could even be paper or another suitable medium upon which the program is printed, as the program can be electronically captured, via optical scanning of the paper or other medium, then compiled, interpreted or otherwise processed in a suitable manner if necessary, and then stored in a computer memory.
It should be understood that portions of the present application may be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, the N steps or methods may be implemented in software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. If implemented in hardware as in another embodiment, any one or combination of the following techniques, which are known in the art, may be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application specific integrated circuit having an appropriate combinational logic gate circuit, a Programmable Gate Array (PGA), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), or the like.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of the steps carried by the method for implementing the above embodiments may be implemented by hardware related to instructions of a program, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when the program is executed, the program includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiments.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing module, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one module. The integrated module can be realized in a hardware mode, and can also be realized in a software functional module mode. The integrated module, if implemented in the form of a software functional module and sold or used as a stand-alone product, may also be stored in a computer readable storage medium.
The storage medium mentioned above may be a read-only memory, a magnetic or optical disk, etc. While embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present application and that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations in the above embodiments may be made by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present application.

Claims (14)

1. A design method of a photovoltaic heating system is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method is based on hierarchical clustering, the historical meteorological parameters are classified according to seasons and weather conditions, and a meteorological database is established to determine the outdoor hourly temperature and the first hourly irradiance of a target date;
establishing a position coordinate function of the sun and a normal vector coordinate of the photovoltaic panel based on a coordinate analysis method, and calculating a second time-lapse irradiance received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel according to the relative position of the sun and the photovoltaic panel and the first time-lapse irradiance;
calculating a volt-ampere characteristic curve of the photovoltaic panel by utilizing a preset equivalent circuit model and combining the second time-by-time irradiance of the photovoltaic panel and the outdoor time-by-time temperature;
on the basis of the volt-ampere characteristic curve, the hourly output power of the photovoltaic panel is obtained by combining a conductance incremental method MPPT algorithm; and
and calculating the hourly indoor temperature of the heating building by taking the hourly output power of the photovoltaic panel as thermal disturbance and combining building information and heating terminal information.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the hierarchical clustering-based method of classifying historical weather parameters according to season and weather conditions, building a weather database to determine an outdoor time-wise temperature and a first time-wise irradiance for a target date, comprises:
calculating the weight of the expression coefficient of the Euclidean distance among the matrixes based on the member index, the non-member index and the hesitation index;
and classifying the meteorological data into different categories according to the weight of the expression coefficient of Euclidean distance between the matrixes, and deriving corresponding hourly meteorological parameters from the meteorological database according to the season to which the target date belongs and the weather condition.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the coordinate analysis-based method establishing a position coordinate function of the sun and photovoltaic panel normal vector coordinates to calculate a second time-wise irradiance received by the photovoltaic panel surface based on the relative position of the sun to the photovoltaic panel and the first time-wise irradiance comprises:
establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the direction vertical to the ground, the east-righting direction and the south-righting direction as the directions of three-dimensional coordinate axes;
in a rectangular coordinate system, a solar position coordinate function and a photovoltaic panel surface normal vector coordinate are respectively established, the proportion of the direct solar radiation received by the photovoltaic panel surface is obtained through the relative position relation between the sun and the photovoltaic panel, and the direct solar radiation received by the photovoltaic panel surface is calculated by combining the first hourly irradiance.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the coordinate analysis based method establishes a position coordinate function of the sun and photovoltaic panel normal vector coordinates to calculate a second time-wise irradiance received by the photovoltaic panel surface based on the relative position of the sun to the photovoltaic panel and the first time-wise irradiance, further comprising:
calculating sky scattered radiation and ground reflected radiation received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel according to the installation inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel and the first hourly irradiance;
and obtaining actual solar irradiance according to the direct solar radiation, the sky scattered radiation and the ground reflected radiation.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the calculating a current-voltage characteristic curve of the photovoltaic panel by using a preset equivalent circuit model and combining the second time-wise irradiance of the photovoltaic panel and the outdoor time-wise temperature comprises:
and generating a power-voltage curve of the photovoltaic panel according to the outdoor time-by-time temperature and the actual solar irradiance.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein calculating the hourly room temperature of the heated building using the hourly output power of the photovoltaic panel as a thermal disturbance in combination with building information and heating terminal information comprises:
and calculating the building load by combining the building information and the heating tail end information by using a difference method, and calculating the indoor temperature of the heating building by taking the hourly output power as the thermal disturbance.
7. The utility model provides a photovoltaic heating system's design device which characterized in that includes:
the determining module is used for classifying the historical meteorological parameters according to seasons and weather conditions based on a hierarchical clustering method, and establishing a meteorological database so as to determine the outdoor hourly temperature and the first hourly irradiance of the target date;
the first calculation module is used for establishing a position coordinate function of the sun and a normal vector coordinate of the photovoltaic panel based on a coordinate analysis method so as to calculate a second time-lapse irradiance received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel according to the relative position of the sun and the photovoltaic panel and the first time-lapse irradiance;
the second calculation module is used for calculating a volt-ampere characteristic curve of the photovoltaic panel by utilizing a preset equivalent circuit model and combining a second hourly irradiance of the photovoltaic panel and the outdoor hourly temperature;
the third calculation module is used for obtaining the time-by-time output power of the photovoltaic panel by combining a conductance incremental method MPPT algorithm on the basis of the volt-ampere characteristic curve; and
and the fourth calculation module is used for calculating the time-by-time indoor temperature of the heating building by taking the time-by-time output power of the photovoltaic panel as thermal disturbance and combining the building information and the heating terminal information.
8. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the determining module comprises:
a first calculation unit configured to calculate a weight of an expression coefficient of euclidean distances between matrices based on the member index, the non-member index, and the hesitation index;
and the derivation unit is used for dividing the meteorological data into different categories according to the weight of the expression coefficient of the Euclidean distance between the matrixes, and deriving corresponding hourly meteorological parameters from the meteorological database according to the season to which the target date belongs and the weather condition.
9. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the first computing module comprises:
the coordinate system establishing unit is used for establishing a rectangular coordinate system by taking the direction vertical to the ground, the direction of the east and the direction of the south as the directions of three-dimensional coordinate axes;
the second calculation unit is used for respectively establishing a solar position coordinate function and a photovoltaic panel surface normal vector coordinate in a rectangular coordinate system, obtaining the proportion of the direct solar radiation received by the photovoltaic panel surface according to the relative position relation of the sun and the photovoltaic panel, and calculating the direct solar radiation received by the photovoltaic panel surface by combining the first hourly irradiance.
10. The apparatus of claim 9, wherein the first computing module further comprises:
the third calculation unit is used for calculating sky scattered radiation and ground reflected radiation received by the surface of the photovoltaic panel according to the installation inclination angle of the photovoltaic panel and the first hourly irradiance;
and the fourth calculation unit is used for obtaining actual solar irradiance according to the direct solar radiation, the sky scattered radiation and the ground reflected radiation.
11. The apparatus of claim 10, wherein the second computing module comprises:
and the generating unit is used for generating a power-voltage curve of the photovoltaic panel according to the outdoor time-by-time temperature and the actual solar irradiance.
12. The apparatus of claim 7, wherein the fourth computing module comprises:
and a fifth calculating unit, configured to calculate a building load by using a difference method in combination with the building information and the heating end information, and calculate an indoor temperature of the heated building by using the time-by-time output power as the thermal disturbance.
13. An electronic device, comprising: a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor executing the program to implement the design method of a photovoltaic heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
14. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that the program is executed by a processor for implementing the method of designing a photovoltaic heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
CN202211109987.1A 2022-09-13 2022-09-13 Design method and device of photovoltaic heating system, electronic equipment and storage medium Pending CN115495895A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115983011A (en) * 2023-01-04 2023-04-18 四川省建筑设计研究院有限公司 Photovoltaic power generation power simulation method and system based on annual radiant quantity and storage medium

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115983011A (en) * 2023-01-04 2023-04-18 四川省建筑设计研究院有限公司 Photovoltaic power generation power simulation method and system based on annual radiant quantity and storage medium
CN115983011B (en) * 2023-01-04 2024-03-22 四川省建筑设计研究院有限公司 Photovoltaic power generation power simulation method, system and storage medium based on annual radiation quantity

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