CN115494650A - Composite light beam synthesizing method and system - Google Patents
Composite light beam synthesizing method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN115494650A CN115494650A CN202211385517.8A CN202211385517A CN115494650A CN 115494650 A CN115494650 A CN 115494650A CN 202211385517 A CN202211385517 A CN 202211385517A CN 115494650 A CN115494650 A CN 115494650A
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Abstract
The invention has provided a compound light beam synthetic method and its system, said method comprises dividing each light beam in N light beam different wavelength into M coherent light beam of the same wavelength, get M x N bundle of compound light; simultaneously converging the obtained M multiplied by N beam composite light to the same point of the multi-order optical diffraction element at different incidence angles to obtain a composite light beam; the system comprises N laser seed sources, an optical fiber beam splitting module, a phase control module, an optical fiber output module, an optical path conversion module and an optical diffraction element which are connected in sequence, wherein the number of the laser seed sources is N and the laser seed sources are arranged in parallel. The invention simultaneously realizes coherent synthesis and spectrum synthesis based on a single optical diffraction element, can greatly improve the number of light beam synthesis paths while keeping the miniaturization and the compactness of the system, can effectively improve the power level of the synthesized light beam, provides a new idea for the synthesis of the composite light beam, and has good application value.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of laser beam synthesis, in particular to a composite beam synthesis method and a composite beam synthesis system.
Background
With the continuous development of modern industry, the demand for high-power laser is more urgent, and therefore, it is of great significance to continuously improve the output power of fiber laser. The output power of a single optical fiber is limited by a nonlinear effect and has a certain theoretical limit, so that the large improvement of the output power of the single optical fiber is difficult to realize. At present, an effective way to increase the output power of laser is to superpose the powers of multiple paths of fiber lasers by a beam combining element, so as to obtain a high-power combined beam.
In the light beam combining process, the number of paths of the light beams directly affects the output power of the obtained combined light beam, so that the increase of the number of paths of the light beams is very important for the increase of the output power of the combined light beam. The conventional beam combining method is mainly divided into coherent combining and incoherent combining. The coherent combining method is mainly to coherently combine multiple paths of laser beams with the same wavelength by using the phase characteristics of the laser beams. As one of incoherent combining methods, a spectral combining technique is to spectrally combine a plurality of laser beams having different wavelengths by using the spectral characteristics of the laser beams. If the two methods are combined to carry out the composite beam synthesis, the number of beam synthesis paths can be further expanded, and the output power of the synthesized beam is improved.
Patent application No. WO2008045654A2 discloses a METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR HYBRID COHERENT AND INCOHERENT DIFFRACTIVE BEAM COMBINING (METHOD AND system FOR mixing COHERENT AND INCOHERENT DIFFRACTIVE BEAMs), the system comprising: n oscillators, each oscillator transmitting a light beam of a different wavelength; one or more beam splitters for splitting each wavelength of light beam into M light beams of the same wavelength; a phase modulator for locking the phases of the M light beams of each different wavelength according to the phase correction signal; the optical diffraction element combines the MxN light beams into N incoherent light beams, namely, M light beams with the same wavelength are coherently combined; phase detection means for detecting the phases of the M light beams including each of the incoherent light beams; a grating for spectrally combining the N incoherent light beams into a single combined light beam. The device adopts the mode of establishing ties between two-stage light beam, carries out coherent synthesis with the light of same wavelength with M restraints earlier, carries out spectrum synthesis with the light of different wavelengths with N restraints again, and this kind of mode needs to adopt a plurality of synthesis components, and the device is comparatively huge, is unfavorable for the miniaturization and the compactification of combined type light beam synthesis scheme.
In view of the above, there is a need for an improved composite beam combining method and system to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a composite light beam synthesis method and a system thereof, wherein the method specifically comprises the steps of dividing each laser beam of N laser beams with different wavelengths into M coherent light beams with the same wavelength to obtain M multiplied by N composite light beams; simultaneously converging the obtained MXN beam composite light to the same point of the multi-order optical diffraction element at different incidence angles to obtain a composite light beam; the method simultaneously realizes coherent synthesis and spectrum synthesis based on a single optical diffraction element, can greatly increase the number of light beam synthesis paths while keeping the system miniaturized and compact, can effectively increase the power level of the synthesized light beam, provides a new idea for the synthesis of the composite light beam, and has good application value.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for synthesizing composite light beams, which comprises dividing each of N light beams with different wavelengths into M coherent light beams with the same wavelength, thereby obtaining M × N composite light beams; and simultaneously converging the obtained M multiplied by N beam composite light to the same point of the multi-order optical diffraction element at different incidence angles to obtain the composite light beam.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention further provides a composite beam combining system, which is used for implementing the composite beam combining method, and the composite beam combining system is a polarization maintaining system and includes N laser seed sources, an optical fiber beam splitting module, a phase control module, an optical fiber output module, an optical path conversion module and an optical diffraction element, which are connected in sequence, where the number of the laser seed sources is N and are arranged in parallel, each laser seed source corresponds to one optical fiber beam splitting module, laser emitted by each laser seed source is divided into M sub-beams with the same wavelength through the optical fiber beam splitting module, the M laser with the same wavelength respectively corresponds to the M phase control modules and the M optical fiber output modules, and M × N composite beams emitted by the N laser seed sources are output through the corresponding optical fiber output modules and then are converged to the same point of the optical diffraction element at the same time through the optical path conversion module at different incident angles, so as to obtain a composite beam.
As a further improvement of the invention, the value ranges of M and N are as follows: m is more than or equal to 2,N and more than or equal to 2; the optical diffraction element is a multi-order diffraction element, and the number of orders of the optical diffraction element is not less than M.
As a further improvement of the invention, a gain fiber is arranged between the fiber beam splitting module and the phase control module, and one gain fiber is arranged in each optical path of the M multiplied by N composite light beams.
As a further improvement of the invention, a polarization-maintaining isolator is arranged between the phase control module and the optical fiber output module, and one polarization-maintaining isolator is arranged in each optical path of the M multiplied by N composite light beams.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the optical fiber output module arranges the M × N composite light beams and outputs the arranged composite light beams, wherein the arrangement mode is one of one-dimensional mode and two-dimensional mode.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the optical diffraction element is one of a transmissive optical diffraction element or a reflective optical diffraction element.
As a further improvement of the invention, the wave band of the laser seed source comprises one of a visible light wave band or an infrared light wave band.
As a further improvement of the invention, the phase control module is a real-time control system developed based on a programmable logic gate array, an active phase detection feedback mode is adopted, and the control bandwidth is larger than 10kHz.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the optical path conversion module is a single lens or a combination of multiple groups of lenses, the lens is one of a reflecting mirror or a transmitting mirror, and the mirror surface of the lens is one of a plane mirror or a spherical mirror.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) According to the composite light beam synthesis method provided by the invention, each laser beam in N laser beams with different wavelengths is divided into M coherent light beams with the same wavelength, so that M multiplied by N composite light beams are obtained; and simultaneously converging the obtained M multiplied by N beam composite light to the same point of the multi-order optical diffraction element at different incidence angles to obtain the composite light beam. The method simultaneously realizes coherent synthesis and spectrum synthesis based on a single optical diffraction element, not only can greatly improve the number of light beam synthesis paths, but also can effectively expand the beam combining capacity of the single optical diffraction element, realize combined light beam synthesis and improve the power level of the synthesized light beam. Compared with the traditional method of firstly coherent synthesis and then spectral synthesis, the method for synthesizing the composite light beam is more convenient and faster, shortens the length of the light path, improves the nonlinear relation of laser in the light path, has simpler procedure, has good application value, can be widely applied to the field of high-power laser processing and the like, and provides a new thought for synthesizing the composite light beam and improving the power of the output light beam under the condition of ensuring the quality of the light beam.
(2) The composite beam combining system provided by the invention adopts one optical diffraction element to simultaneously realize coherent combination and spectrum combination, and compared with the traditional system which firstly uses one optical diffraction element to carry out coherent combination and then uses the other optical diffraction element to carry out spectrum combination, the composite beam combining system not only avoids the problem of beam transformation between two-stage combination, but also realizes high-power laser output while keeping the miniaturization and the compactness of the system, has the advantages of compact structure and convenient integration, and can be applied to beam combination of multi-path laser beams. Therefore, the composite light beam synthesis system has good application value for improving the number and power of light beam synthesis and improving the miniaturization and compactness of the composite light beam synthesis system.
(3) The spectrum synthesis and the coherent synthesis in the composite light beam synthesis method provided by the invention are completed in the same dimension, and the other dimension can be considered to be arrayed or compounded with other light beam synthesis modes, so that the composite light beam synthesis method has higher expansibility.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a composite beam combining system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the M × N beam of composite light being simultaneously focused on the same point of the optical diffraction element according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the N beams of light with different wavelengths in fig. 2 simultaneously converging to the same point of the optical diffraction element.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the M beams of light with the same wavelength in fig. 2 being converged to the same point of the optical diffraction element at the same time.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the composite beam combining system provided in embodiment 1.
Reference numerals
1-a laser seed source; 2-an optical fiber beam splitting module; 3-a phase control module; 4-an optical fiber output module; 5-an optical path conversion module; 6-an optical diffraction element; a 7-gain fiber; 8-polarization maintaining isolator.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
It should be noted that, in order to avoid obscuring the present invention with unnecessary details, only the structures and/or processing steps closely related to the aspects of the present invention are shown in the drawings, and other details not closely related to the present invention are omitted.
In addition, it should be further noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
The invention provides a composite light beam synthesis method, which divides each laser beam of N laser beams with different wavelengths into M coherent light beams with the same wavelength to obtain M multiplied by N composite light beams; the obtained M multiplied by N beam composite light is converged to the same point of the multi-order optical diffraction element at the same time at different incidence angles (the incidence angles of the N beams of laser light with different wavelengths have small deviation, and the incidence angle deviation of M beams of coherent light divided by each beam of laser light with different wavelengths is relatively large), so that the composite light beam is obtained. By the operation, coherent synthesis and spectrum synthesis are realized simultaneously by adopting one optical diffraction element, compared with the traditional method of firstly coherent synthesis and then spectrum synthesis, the method for synthesizing the composite light beam is more convenient and faster, the light path is shorter, the nonlinear relation of laser in the light path is improved, the program is simpler, the method has good application value, and a new thought is provided for the synthesis of the composite light beam.
Referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a composite light beam combining system for implementing the composite light beam combining method, wherein the composite light beam combining system is a polarization maintaining system, and includes a laser seed source 1, an optical fiber beam splitting module 2, a phase control module 3, an optical fiber output module 4, an optical path conversion module 5, and an optical diffraction element 6, which are connected in sequence; the number of the laser seed sources 1 is N and the laser seed sources are arranged in parallel (1, 2,. N in fig. 1 is N laser seed sources 1), each laser seed source 1 corresponds to one optical fiber beam splitting module 2, each beam of light with different wavelengths is split into M beams of laser with the same wavelength by the optical fiber beam splitting module 2 (1 × M beam splitter) (the power of the M beams of laser with the same wavelength is similar), and the M beams of laser with the same wavelength respectively correspond to M phase control modules 3 (each beam of laser with the same wavelength respectively corresponds to one phase control module 3). According to the arrangement, laser emitted by each laser seed source 1 is divided into M sub-beams with the same wavelength through the optical fiber beam splitting module 2, the M sub-beams with the same wavelength are respectively regulated and controlled by the M phase control modules 3 to obtain M coherent light beams (totally M multiplied by N phase control modules 3), the N laser seed sources 1 totally emit M multiplied by N composite light beams (namely N incoherent light beams, each incoherent light beam is divided into M coherent light beams), the M multiplied by N composite light beams are output after being arranged according to a specific sequence through the M multiplied by N optical fiber output modules 4 (each optical fiber corresponds to one optical fiber output module 4), and then the M composite light beams finally converge to the same point of the optical diffraction element 6 at different incident angles through the optical path conversion module 5 (the incident angles between the N laser beams with different wavelengths are slightly different, and the incident angle deviation between the M coherent light beams divided by the laser beams with different wavelengths is relatively large), so that the composite light beams are obtained. The composite beam combining system adopts one optical diffraction element 6 to simultaneously realize coherent combination and spectrum combination, and compared with the traditional system which firstly uses one optical diffraction element 6 to carry out coherent combination and then uses the other optical diffraction element 6 to carry out spectrum combination, the composite beam combining system can realize miniaturization and compactness.
As shown in fig. 1, a gain fiber 7 is disposed between the fiber beam splitting module 2 and the phase control module 3, specifically, a gain fiber 7 is disposed in each light path of M coherent light beams split by the fiber beam splitting module 2 (M × N composite light beams respectively correspond to M × N gain fibers 7), and the M × N composite light beams realize power amplification through the gain fiber 7, so as to provide conditions for obtaining high-power composite laser light subsequently.
A polarization-maintaining isolator 8 is arranged between the phase control module 3 and the optical fiber output module 4, one polarization-maintaining isolator 8 is arranged in each optical path (the MXN beam composite lights correspond to the MXN polarization-maintaining isolators 8 respectively), the light beams output by the phase control module 3 enter the polarization-maintaining isolator 8, and the polarization-maintaining isolator 8 is used for transmitting forward-transmitted polarized light and preventing the laser seed source 1 from being damaged due to backward transmission of the polarized light.
The composite light beam synthesizing system is a polarization maintaining system, the optical fiber beam splitting module 2, the gain optical fiber 7, the polarization maintaining isolator 8 and the optical fiber output module 4 are all polarization maintaining devices, and M multiplied by N composite light beams output by the optical fiber output module 4 are all linearly polarized light. The value ranges of M and N are as follows: m is more than or equal to 2,N and more than or equal to 2, namely the number N of the seed sources contained in the laser seed source 1 is at least 2, and the fiber laser M generated by each seed source is at least 2.
The laser seed source 1 is a single-frequency seed source, the wave band of the laser seed source 1 comprises one of a visible light wave band or an infrared light wave band, and the laser emitted by the laser seed source 1 has good beam quality and narrow line width characteristics.
The phase control module 3 is a real-time control system developed based on a programmable logic gate array or one of other high-bandwidth signal processing systems, and adopts an active phase detection feedback mode, and the control bandwidth is larger than 10kHz. The M multiplied by N phase control modules 3 are used for realizing the real-time control of the piston phase of M multiplied by N compound light beams, so that M sub-light beams obtained by splitting each beam of incoherent light with different wavelengths form coherent light.
The M × N optical fiber output modules 4 respectively arrange the M × N beam composite lights according to a specific sequence and output the M × N beam composite lights as spatial beams from the optical fibers, so as to obtain M × N beam linearly polarized lights in the same polarization direction. The arrangement is one of one-dimensional or two-dimensional (one-dimensional and two-dimensional refer to the arrangement of the light beams, one-dimensional being arranged in a line, two-dimensional being arranged in a two-dimensional array).
The optical path conversion module 5 is a single lens or a combination of multiple lenses. The lens is one of a reflecting mirror or a transmitting mirror, and the mirror surface of the lens is one of a plane mirror or a spherical mirror. The optical path conversion module 5 can adjust the incident angle of the mxn beam composite light, and is configured to collimate the output mxn beams, make the beams incident on the optical diffraction element 6 at a specific angle, and combine the beams into a laser beam through the optical diffraction element 6.
The optical diffraction element 6 is a multi-order diffraction element, and the number of orders of the optical diffraction element 6 is not less than M. Preferably, the number of orders of the optical diffraction element 6 is equal to M. The diffraction order distribution of the optical diffraction element 6 is one of one-dimensional and two-dimensional. Specifically, the diffraction order distribution of the optical diffraction element 6 corresponds to the arrangement of the optical fiber output modules 4, and when the arrangement of the optical fiber output modules 4 is one-dimensional, the diffraction order distribution of the optical diffraction element 6 is also one-dimensional; when the arrangement of the optical fiber output modules 4 is two-dimensional, the diffraction order distribution of the optical diffraction element 6 is also two-dimensional.
The optical diffraction element 6 is one of a transmissive optical diffraction element and a reflective optical diffraction element, and specifically, but not limited to, a dammann grating, a multi-step diffraction beam splitter, and the like can be used.
A specific synthesis process of the M × N beam composite light is shown in fig. 2 to 4. Fig. 2 shows that the mxn beam composite light is simultaneously converged to the same point of the optical diffraction element 6, M coherent light beams with the same wavelength are coherently synthesized at different orders of the optical diffraction element 6, and N laser beams with different wavelengths are spectrally synthesized at any order of the optical diffraction element 6 (and the N laser beams are at the same order of the optical diffraction element 6), and finally synthesized into one common-aperture light beam for output. For the sake of clarity, the convergence of light beams of different wavelengths and the convergence of the same beam is split into fig. 3 to 4 below. As shown in fig. 3, N laser beams of different wavelengths are spectrally combined at any order of the optical diffraction element 6, and it can be seen that there is a slight deviation in the incident angle between the N laser beams of different wavelengths. As shown in fig. 4, M laser beams of the same wavelength are incident on different orders of the optical diffraction element 6, and it can be seen that the incident angle deviation between the M coherent light beams divided into each laser beam of different wavelength is large.
The working principle of the composite beam combining system is as follows: laser emitted by each laser seed source 1 in the N laser seed sources 1 is divided into M sub-beams with the same wavelength through the corresponding fiber splitting module 2, the M sub-beams with the same wavelength realize power amplification through the corresponding M gain fibers 7, and the M sub-beams with the same wavelength and the power amplified are respectively regulated and controlled by the corresponding M phase control modules 3 to obtain M coherent light beams (the processes experienced by the N laser seed sources 1 are the same to obtain M × N composite light beams). The M multiplied by N beams of composite light pass through the corresponding M multiplied by N polarization-preserving isolators 8 to transmit the polarized light to the forward direction, and meanwhile, the polarized light is prevented from being transmitted reversely to cause damage to the laser seed source 1. The MXN beam composite lights are output from the polarization-maintaining isolator 8, enter the corresponding MXN optical fiber output modules 4, are arranged by the optical fiber output modules 4 according to a specific sequence, are changed into space beams and are output from optical fibers, and MXN beam linearly polarized lights in the same polarization direction are obtained. The M × N beam of polarized light is adjusted in incident angle by the light path conversion module 5, finally collimated and incident on the optical diffraction element 6 at a specific angle, and synthesized into a laser beam by the optical diffraction element 6 to be output.
The composite beam combining system of the present invention is described below with specific examples.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 5, a composite light beam combining system includes a laser seed source 1, an optical fiber beam splitting module 2, a gain optical fiber 7, a phase control module 3, a polarization maintaining isolator 8, an optical fiber output module 4, an optical path conversion module 5, and an optical diffraction element 6, which are connected in sequence. The straight lines in fig. 1 represent spatial light, and the curved lines in fig. 5 represent optical fibers.
Specifically, the number of the laser seed sources 1 is 2 and the laser seed sources are arranged in parallel (specifically, the seed sources 1 and 2), and the wavelengths of the 2 laser seed sources 1 are 1064nm and 532nm respectively. Each laser seed source 1 is divided into 2 sub-beams with the same wavelength (i.e. 2 × 2 composite light) by an optical fiber beam splitting module 2 (1 × 2 beam splitter), the 2 × 2 composite light is amplified in power by corresponding 4 gain optical fibers 7, the power-amplified 2 sub-beams with the same wavelength are regulated and controlled by corresponding 2 phase control modules 3 to obtain M beams (in principle, M beams of light correspond to M-1 phase control modules 3), and the operating bandwidth of the phase control module 3 is 100kHz (the processes experienced by 2 laser seed sources 1 are the same to obtain 2 × 2 beam composite light). Then 4 beams of laser are output in sequence by the polarization-maintaining isolator 8 and the optical fiber output module 4 and enter the optical path conversion module 5, the optical path conversion module 5 selects a focusing lens with a focal length of 100mm, the angles of the 4 beams of laser incident on the optical diffraction element 6 are respectively +1 degree, -1 degree, +0.5 degree and-0.5 degree (+ 1 degree and-1 degree are two sub-beams of 1064nm laser and two sub-beams of +0.5 degree and-0.5 degree are 532nm laser, a dotted line in the optical path conversion module 5 in fig. 5 is used for explaining the specific trend of an optical path, the optical diffraction element adopts a Dammann grating with a period of 60 μm, and 0.5,4 laser with a duty ratio is synthesized into one beam of laser to be output after passing through the optical diffraction element 6.
In summary, the present invention provides a composite light beam combining method and a system thereof, wherein each of N laser beams with different wavelengths is divided into M coherent light beams with the same wavelength, so as to obtain M × N composite light beams; simultaneously converging the obtained MXN beam composite light to the same point of the multi-order optical diffraction element at different incidence angles to obtain a composite light beam; the method simultaneously realizes coherent synthesis and spectrum synthesis based on a single optical diffraction element, can greatly increase the number of light beam synthesis paths while keeping the system miniaturized and compact, can effectively increase the power level of the synthesized light beam, provides a new idea for the synthesis of the composite light beam, and has good application value.
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted for elements thereof without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A composite light beam synthesizing method is characterized in that each beam of light in N beams of light with different wavelengths is divided into M beams of coherent light with the same wavelength to obtain M multiplied by N beams of composite light; and simultaneously converging the obtained M multiplied by N beam composite light to the same point of the multi-order optical diffraction element at different incidence angles to obtain the composite light beam.
2. A composite beam synthesizing system is used for realizing the composite beam synthesizing method of claim 1, and is characterized in that the composite beam synthesizing system is a polarization maintaining system and comprises N laser seed sources, an optical fiber beam splitting module, a phase control module, an optical fiber output module, an optical path conversion module and an optical diffraction element which are connected in sequence, wherein the number of the laser seed sources is N, the laser seed sources are arranged in parallel, each laser seed source corresponds to one optical fiber beam splitting module, laser emitted by each laser seed source is divided into M sub-beams with the same wavelength through the optical fiber beam splitting module, the M laser beams with the same wavelength respectively correspond to the M phase control modules and the M optical fiber output modules, and M multiplied by N composite beams emitted by the N laser seed sources are output through the corresponding optical fiber output modules and then pass through the optical path conversion module and are simultaneously converged to the same point of the optical diffraction element at different incidence angles to obtain a composite beam.
3. The composite beam combining system of claim 2, wherein M and N have a range of values: m is more than or equal to 2,N and more than or equal to 2; the optical diffraction element is a multi-order diffraction element, and the number of orders of the optical diffraction element is not less than M.
4. The composite beam combining system of claim 2, wherein a gain fiber is disposed between the fiber splitting module and the phase control module, one gain fiber being disposed in each optical path of the M x N composite beams.
5. The composite beam combining system of claim 2, wherein a polarization maintaining isolator is disposed between the phase control module and the fiber output module, one for each optical path of the mxn composite beams.
6. The composite beam combining system of claim 2, wherein the fiber output module outputs the M x N composite beams after arranging the M x N composite beams in one or two dimensions.
7. The composite beam combining system of claim 2, wherein the optical diffraction element is one of a transmissive optical diffraction element or a reflective optical diffraction element.
8. The composite beam combining system of claim 2, wherein the wavelength band of the laser seed source comprises one of a visible wavelength band or an infrared wavelength band.
9. The composite beam combining system of claim 2, wherein the phase control module is a real-time control system developed based on a programmable gate array, and the control bandwidth is greater than 10kHz by using an active phase detection feedback method.
10. The composite beam combining system of claim 2, wherein the optical path conversion module is a single lens or a combination of multiple lens sets, the lens is one of a reflective mirror or a transmissive mirror, and the mirror surface of the lens is one of a plane mirror or a spherical mirror.
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