CN115493729B - Large-span continuous rigid frame cantilever pouring beam stress and strain detection device - Google Patents

Large-span continuous rigid frame cantilever pouring beam stress and strain detection device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115493729B
CN115493729B CN202211203845.1A CN202211203845A CN115493729B CN 115493729 B CN115493729 B CN 115493729B CN 202211203845 A CN202211203845 A CN 202211203845A CN 115493729 B CN115493729 B CN 115493729B
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strain
detection device
ring
stress
rigid frame
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CN115493729A (en
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刘长春
彭翔
左晴雯
杨龙江
邓浩宇
阴杰
屠定院
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China Railway No 8 Engineering Group Co Ltd
First Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway No 8 Engineering Group Co Ltd
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China Railway No 8 Engineering Group Co Ltd
First Engineering Co Ltd of China Railway No 8 Engineering Group Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01LMEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L1/00Measuring force or stress, in general
    • G01L1/14Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators
    • G01L1/142Measuring force or stress, in general by measuring variations in capacitance or inductance of electrical elements, e.g. by measuring variations of frequency of electrical oscillators using capacitors
    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01BMEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
    • G01B7/00Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques
    • G01B7/16Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge
    • G01B7/22Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of electric or magnetic techniques for measuring the deformation in a solid, e.g. by resistance strain gauge using change in capacitance

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Reinforcement Elements For Buildings (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of high-precision metering in railway construction, and particularly relates to a device and a method for detecting the stress and the strain of a large-span continuous rigid frame cantilever pouring beam; the cylinder is internally provided with a fixed ring and a rotating ring, the cylinder is internally provided with a limiting part, the limiting part is parallel to the fixed ring, the distance between the limiting part and the fixed ring is larger than the distance between the fixed ring and the rotating ring is arranged between the fixed rings, and the rotating ring is connected with a plurality of flexible ropes; metal sheets are respectively stuck on the fixed ring and the sliding ring, and the two metal sheets are respectively connected with a wire; the limiting part is provided with a locking structure which is connected with a control device; the detection method comprises the steps of prestress pipeline laying, detection device installation, strain model establishment, tension capacitance detection, stress calculation and the like. The invention can accurately detect the prestress tensile stress and the strain of the large-span bridge cantilever pouring beam.

Description

Large-span continuous rigid frame cantilever pouring beam stress and strain detection device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of railway construction high-precision metering, and particularly relates to a large-span continuous rigid frame cantilever pouring beam stress and strain detection device.
Background
The continuous girder bridge has excellent mechanical property and economic performance, so that the continuous girder bridge is widely applied to the construction of a large-span bridge crossing a river valley, and the cantilever pouring construction technology is a preferred construction technology of the girder of the type, and the cantilever pouring construction technology forms a continuous rigid frame bridge by finally closing after pouring cantilever pouring girders section by section.
The cantilever pouring beam is internally provided with a prestress system, after a prestress steel strand is penetrated in a cantilever pouring beam prestress pipeline, tensioning is carried out at two ends through hydraulic jacks, and tensioning stress and strain are strictly controlled according to design requirements in the tensioning process, but the tensioning stress and strain cannot be precisely controlled due to lack of related detection means.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a large-span continuous rigid frame cantilever pouring beam stress and strain detection device for accurately detecting prestress tensile stress and strain.
In order to achieve the aim, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is to provide a large-span continuous rigid frame cantilever pouring beam stress and strain detection device, which comprises a cylinder body and a clamp, wherein a plurality of elastic support rods are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the cylinder body in the circumferential direction; the cylinder is internally provided with a fixed ring and a rotating ring, the fixed ring is coaxially fixed on the inner side of the cylinder, a limiting part is arranged in the cylinder and is parallel to the fixed ring, the distance between the limiting part and the fixed ring is larger than that between the fixed rings, the rotating ring is arranged between the fixed rings, a plurality of flexible ropes are fixedly connected in the circumferential direction of the rotating ring, and one end, far away from the rotating ring, of each flexible rope is connected to the clamp; the metal sheets are respectively stuck on one surface of the fixed ring facing the sliding ring and one surface of the sliding ring facing the fixed ring, and are oppositely arranged, and the two metal sheets are respectively connected with a wire; the limiting part is provided with a locking structure for limiting the rotation of the rotating ring, and the locking structure is connected with a control device for controlling the locking structure to be opened and closed.
The working principle of the scheme is as follows: the control device is used for locking the rotation of the rotating ring, the fixed ring and the rotating ring in the cylinder penetrate through any prestress steel strand, the flexible rope is spirally wound on the prestress steel strand in the same direction, the clamp is fixed on the prestress steel strand, the cylinder is supported in the prestress pipeline by the elastic supporting rod after the prestress steel strand penetrates through the prestress pipeline, two wires are pulled out of a port of the prestress pipeline after the prestress steel strand penetrates through the prestress pipeline, the control device is used for controlling the locking structure to be opened, the fixed ring and the two metal sheets on the rotating ring form a parallel plate capacitor, the clamp is pulled to generate tiny displacement by the prestress steel strand, the flexible rope is pulled by the clamp under the combined action of the limiting part and the spiral, the opposite surface area of the two metal sheets is reduced, the capacitance value of the parallel capacitor is reduced, and the capacitance value is measured from the port of the prestress pipeline. And (3) taking a section of prestressed steel strand with the same specification and model as the detection device, mounting the detection device and the detection device on the prestressed steel strand completely in the mounting step, tensioning the prestressed steel strand, measuring the strain capacity and capacitance value of the tensioning end, and establishing a model of the corresponding relation between the strain capacity and the capacitance value. According to the model, the displacement of the clamp can be obtained, the strain can be measured in real time in the tensioning process, and the stress required by the measured strain can be calculated according to Hooke's law and the elasticity coefficient of the prestressed steel strand, so that the actual stress of the prestressed steel strand can be measured in real time.
The beneficial effect of this scheme lies in:
in the tensioning process, the actual strain quantity and the actual stress of the prestressed steel strand can be measured in real time. In the scheme, the strain quantity is skillfully converted into the rotation quantity of the rotating ring through the structure of the device, and the conversion process has an amplifying effect, namely, the one-dimensional change of the strain quantity is converted into the two-dimensional change of the opposite areas of the two metal sheets (the rotation distance of the metal sheets is also a plurality of times of the strain quantity), so that the strain quantity can be accurately detected. After pouring of each section of cantilever pouring beam and setting of a prestress system are completed, stress and strain conditions of the section of cantilever pouring beam are required to be continuously detected, and at the moment, capacitance is only required to be measured from a port of a prestress pipeline, so that the method is convenient and rapid, and the detection result is accurate.
Optionally, the metal plate is in a circular arc shape, and the center of the circular arc coincides with the axis of the cylinder.
Optionally, the limiting part comprises a limiting ring, and the limiting ring is coaxial with the cylinder.
Optionally, the flexible cord is a carbon fiber cord. The carbon fiber rope has high tensile strength and tiny deformation after being pulled, and is more beneficial to improving the accuracy of strain detection.
Optionally, the supporting rod is made of rubber materials, one end of the supporting rod, far away from the cylinder body, is a free end, and the end face of the free end is an inclined plane inclined towards the direction opposite to the rotating ring. When the prestress steel strand passes through the prestress pipeline, the rubber material is bent in the opposite direction of the penetrating direction, the free end of the supporting rod is in line contact with the inner wall of the prestress pipeline, the friction force is small, and the phenomenon that the penetrating is hindered due to overlarge friction force generated when the prestress steel strand is penetrated is avoided; after the threading is finished, the end face of the free end is turned over by a small distance along the reverse direction of the threading direction, the whole end face is propped against the inner surface of the prestressed pipeline, and the friction force between the support rod and the prestressed pipeline is greatly increased, so that the cylinder body is clamped in the prestressed pipeline, and the cylinder body is prevented from being pulled during displacement of the clamp.
Optionally, the locking structure comprises a bolt and a pin hole arranged on the limiting part and the rotating ring, the control device is a hauling rope, and one end of the hauling rope is connected to the bolt.
Optionally, graduations are provided on the outer surface of the wire. The length of the wire is conveniently quantified so as to indirectly locate the position of the detection device within the pre-stressed pipe.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention adopts a technical scheme that a method for detecting the stress and strain of a pouring beam of a large-span continuous rigid frame cantilever is provided, and the method comprises the following steps:
and (3) laying a prestressed pipeline: laying a prestressed pipeline in a cantilever pouring beam section;
and (3) mounting a detection device: the control device is closed in locking structure, after the rotation of the rotating ring is locked, the detection device is coaxially arranged on one prestress steel strand in a penetrating way, the flexible rope penetrates out of the same end of the cylinder body and is spirally wound on the prestress steel strand, the rotating ring is pulled to prop against the limiting ring, the clamp is clamped on the prestress steel strand, one end, far away from the rotating ring, of the flexible rope is fixed on the clamp, and the flexible rope is kept tight; two wires penetrate out of the end part of the prestress pipeline and are connected to a capacitance detector; the control device controls the locking structure to be opened;
and (3) establishing a strain model: taking a section of prestress steel strand with the same specification and model as the detection device in a penetrating way, installing the detection device and the detection device on the prestress steel strand completely in the installation step, tensioning the prestress steel strand, measuring the strain capacity and capacitance value of a tensioning end, and establishing a model of the corresponding relation between the strain capacity and the capacitance value;
and (3) tension capacitance detection: during or after tensioning, detecting capacitance through two wires by using a capacitance detector, and acquiring corresponding strain quantity according to the established strain model;
stress calculation: the stress value is calculated according to hooke's law.
Optionally, the number of the prestressed steel strands is seven, six steel strands form a hexagon in the cross section direction, and one steel strand is arranged in the center of the hexagon.
Optionally, when the prestress tensioning is opposite, both ends of the steel strand are provided with detection devices.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for detecting stress and strain of a pouring beam of a large-span continuous rigid frame cantilever in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of FIG. 1 at A;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the working clip.
Detailed Description
The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments:
the labels in the drawings of this specification include: the device comprises a prestressed pipeline 1, an anchor plate 2, a working clamping piece 3, steel strands 4, a cylinder 5, a supporting rod 6, a fixed ring 7, a rotating ring 8, a limiting ring 9, a bolt 10, a metal sheet 11, a throat hoop 12, a wire 13, a traction rope 14, a flexible rope 15 and a contact piece 16.
Examples
The present embodiment is basically as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3: the utility model provides a continuous rigid frame cantilever of large span pours roof beam stress and strain detection device, includes: the device comprises a cylinder body 5 and a clamp, wherein the cylinder body 5 is a steel cylinder, the clamp is a throat hoop 12, and four support rods 6 made of rubber are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the cylinder body 5 in the circumferential direction; the end of the supporting rod 6 far away from the cylinder 5 is a free end, and the end face of the free end is an inclined plane inclined towards the direction opposite to the rotating ring 8.
The cylinder 5 is internally provided with a fixed ring 7 and a rotating ring 8, the fixed ring 7 is coaxially fixed at the inner side of the cylinder 5, the cylinder 5 is internally welded with a limiting part, the limiting part is a limiting ring 9, the limiting ring 9 is coaxial with the cylinder 5, the width of the limiting ring 9 is smaller than that of the sliding ring, the limiting part is parallel to the fixed ring 7, the distance between the limiting part and the fixed ring 7 is larger than that between the rotating ring 8, the rotating ring 8 is arranged between the fixed rings 7, two flexible ropes 15 made of carbon fibers are fixedly connected in the circumferential direction of the rotating ring 8, and one end of each flexible rope 15 far away from the rotating ring 8 is a free end; the metal sheets 11 made of pure copper are respectively stuck on one surface of the fixed ring 7 facing the sliding ring and one surface of the sliding ring facing the fixed ring 7, the metal sheets 11 are oppositely arranged, the metal sheets are in a circular arc-shaped strip shape, the circle center of the circular arc coincides with the axis of the cylinder body 5, the two metal sheets 11 are respectively connected with a conducting wire 13, and the conducting wires 13 are insulated copper wires with the length of 1 square millimeter.
The locking structure comprises a bolt 10 and a pin hole arranged on the limiting part and the rotating ring 8, the control device is a hauling rope 14, and one end of the hauling rope 14 is connected to the bolt 10.
The method for detecting the stress and strain of the pouring beam of the large-span continuous rigid frame cantilever comprises the following steps:
laying a prestressed pipeline 1: and after the cantilever pouring beam template and the reinforcing steel bars are built and before concrete is poured, a PVC pipe is used as the prestressed pipeline 1, and the prestressed pipeline 1 is paved in the cantilever pouring beam section.
And (3) mounting a detection device: seven steel strands 4 penetrate through the prestressed pipeline 1 after concrete pouring is completed and before prestress tensioning, wherein six steel strands 4 form a hexagon in the cross section direction, and the center of the hexagon is provided with one steel strand 4. The whole detection device is placed at the position of about 50cm of the port of the prestressed pipeline 1, and the cylinder body 5 is adjusted back and forth, so that the end face of the supporting rod 6 is abutted against the inner surface of the prestressed pipeline 1. One steel strand 4 in the center passes through the fixed ring 7 and the rotating ring 8, a bolt 10 is inserted into the pin holes on the limiting ring 9 and the rotating ring 8, the bolt 10 limits the rotation of the rotating ring 8, and a traction rope 14 on the bolt 10 passes out of the end part of the prestress pipeline 1. The two flexible ropes 15 are spirally wound towards the port end according to the same rotation direction and one steel strand 4 clung to the center, the winding turns are half turns, the free ends of the flexible ropes 15 are firmly hooped on the strands by the hose clamp 12 after winding is completed, and the rotating ring 8 is pulled to abut against the limiting ring 9 when the hose clamp 12 is installed, so that the flexible ropes 15 are kept tight. Then, an anchor is installed at the end part of the prestressed pipeline 1, the anchor comprises an anchor plate 2 and a working clamping piece 3, the working clamping piece 3 is usually two semicircular clamping pieces, a gap is formed between the two clamping pieces after the clamping pieces are clamped on the steel stranded wires 4, a traction rope 14 and a lead 13 penetrate through the gap, two pure copper contact pieces 16 are fixed on the outer side surface of the anchor plate 2, and the two contact pieces 16 are respectively connected with the free ends of the two leads 13.
And (3) establishing a strain model: taking a section of prestressed steel strand 4 with the same specification and model as the detection device, namely, completely consistent parameters such as length, material, diameter and the like, installing the detection device on the prestressed steel strand 4 completely the same as the detection device in the installation step, tensioning the prestressed steel strand 4, measuring the strain capacity and capacitance value of a tensioning end, and establishing a model of the corresponding relation between the strain capacity and the capacitance value;
and (3) tension capacitance detection: when the prestress tensioning is carried out or after the prestress tensioning is carried out, the traction rope 14 is pulled, the bolt 10 is pulled out of the pin hole, and the rotating ring 8 can rotate relative to the limiting ring 9. After the steel strand is stretched, the clamp generates tiny displacement, the clamp stretches the flexible rope 15, the stretched flexible rope 15 rotates the rotating ring 8 under the combined action of the limiting part and the spiral, the opposite areas of the two metal sheets 11 are reduced, the capacitance value of the parallel capacitor is reduced, and the capacitance value is measured by a capacitance detector from the two contact sheets 16 at the port of the prestressed pipeline 1. And obtaining the corresponding strain according to the established strain model.
Stress calculation: the stress value is calculated according to hooke's law.
The foregoing is merely an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention is not limited to the field of this embodiment, and the specific structures and features well known in the schemes are not described in any way herein, so that those skilled in the art will know all the prior art in the field before the application date or priority date, and will have the capability of applying the conventional experimental means before the date, and those skilled in the art may, in light of the teaching of this application, complete and implement this scheme in combination with their own capabilities, and some typical known structures or known methods should not be an obstacle for those skilled in the art to practice this application. It should be noted that modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the structure of the present invention, and these should also be considered as the scope of the present invention, which does not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the utility of the patent. The protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the content of the claims, and the description of the specific embodiments and the like in the specification can be used for explaining the content of the claims.

Claims (9)

1. The device for detecting the stress and strain of the pouring beam of the large-span continuous rigid frame cantilever is characterized in that: comprises a cylinder body and a clamp, wherein a plurality of elastic support rods are uniformly distributed on the outer side of the cylinder body in the circumferential direction; the cylinder is internally provided with a fixed ring and a rotating ring, the fixed ring is coaxially fixed on the inner side of the cylinder, a limiting part is arranged in the cylinder and is parallel to the fixed ring, the distance between the limiting part and the fixed ring is larger than that between the fixed rings, the rotating ring is arranged between the fixed rings, a plurality of flexible ropes are fixedly connected in the circumferential direction of the rotating ring, and one end, far away from the rotating ring, of each flexible rope is connected to the clamp; the metal sheets are respectively stuck on one surface of the fixed ring facing the sliding ring and one surface of the sliding ring facing the fixed ring, and are oppositely arranged, and the two metal sheets are respectively connected with a wire; the limiting part is provided with a locking structure for limiting the rotation of the rotating ring, and the locking structure is connected with a control device for controlling the locking structure to be opened and closed;
the method for detecting the stress and strain of the pouring beam of the large-span continuous rigid frame cantilever by using the device comprises the following steps:
and (3) laying a prestressed pipeline: laying a prestressed pipeline in a cantilever pouring beam section;
and (3) mounting a detection device: the control device is closed in locking structure, after the rotation of the rotating ring is locked, the detection device is coaxially arranged on one prestress steel strand in a penetrating way, the flexible rope penetrates out of the same end of the cylinder body and is spirally wound on the prestress steel strand, the rotating ring is pulled to prop against the limiting ring, the clamp is clamped on the prestress steel strand, one end, far away from the rotating ring, of the flexible rope is fixed on the clamp, and the flexible rope is kept tight; two wires penetrate out of the end part of the prestress pipeline and are connected to a capacitance detector; the control device controls the locking structure to be opened;
and (3) establishing a strain model: taking a section of prestress steel strand with the same specification and model as the detection device in a penetrating way, installing the detection device and the detection device on the prestress steel strand completely in the installation step, tensioning the prestress steel strand, measuring the strain capacity and capacitance value of a tensioning end, and establishing a model of the corresponding relation between the strain capacity and the capacitance value;
and (3) tension capacitance detection: during or after tensioning, detecting capacitance through two wires by using a capacitance detector, and acquiring corresponding strain quantity according to the established strain model;
stress calculation: the stress value is calculated according to hooke's law.
2. The large-span continuous rigid frame cantilever casting beam stress and strain detection device according to claim 1, wherein the device comprises: the metal plate is in a circular arc strip shape, and the center of the circular arc coincides with the axis of the cylinder.
3. The large-span continuous rigid frame cantilever casting beam stress and strain detection device according to claim 2, wherein the device is characterized in that: the limiting part comprises a limiting ring, and the limiting ring is coaxial with the cylinder body.
4. The large-span continuous rigid frame cantilever casting beam stress and strain detection device according to claim 3, wherein: the flexible rope is a carbon fiber rope.
5. The large-span continuous rigid frame cantilever casting beam stress and strain detection device according to claim 4, wherein: the support rod is made of rubber materials, one end of the support rod, which is far away from the cylinder body, is a free end, and the end face of the free end is an inclined plane which inclines towards the direction of the back rotating ring.
6. The large-span continuous rigid frame cantilever casting beam stress and strain detection device according to claim 5, wherein: the locking structure comprises a bolt and a pin hole arranged on the limiting part and the rotating ring, the control device is a traction rope, and one end of the traction rope is connected to the bolt.
7. The large-span continuous rigid frame cantilever casting beam stress and strain detection device according to claim 6, wherein: the outer surface of the lead is provided with scales.
8. The large-span continuous rigid frame cantilever casting beam stress and strain detection device according to claim 7, wherein: the number of the prestressed steel strands is seven, six steel strands form a hexagon in the cross section direction, and one steel strand is arranged in the center of the hexagon.
9. The large-span continuous rigid frame cantilever casting beam stress and strain detection device according to claim 8, wherein: when the prestress tensioning is opposite, the two ends of the steel strand are provided with detection devices.
CN202211203845.1A 2022-09-29 2022-09-29 Large-span continuous rigid frame cantilever pouring beam stress and strain detection device Active CN115493729B (en)

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