CN115491582B - Wear-resistant mold steel for injection molding of glass fiber plastic and manufacturing method thereof - Google Patents
Wear-resistant mold steel for injection molding of glass fiber plastic and manufacturing method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115491582B CN115491582B CN202110674687.7A CN202110674687A CN115491582B CN 115491582 B CN115491582 B CN 115491582B CN 202110674687 A CN202110674687 A CN 202110674687A CN 115491582 B CN115491582 B CN 115491582B
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 117
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052758 niobium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000009849 vacuum degassing Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910018072 Al 2 O 3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010079 rubber tapping Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims 5
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims 5
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 13
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 5
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- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004566 building material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical group OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005087 graphitization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0205—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips of ferrous alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/16—Remelting metals
- C22B9/18—Electroslag remelting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C33/00—Making ferrous alloys
- C22C33/04—Making ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/44—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with molybdenum or tungsten
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/46—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with vanadium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/40—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel
- C22C38/48—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with nickel with niobium or tantalum
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
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Abstract
The invention relates to a die steel product in metallurgical industry, and provides a plastic die steel resistant to injection molding abrasion of added glass fiber plastic and a manufacturing method thereof, wherein the plastic die steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 0.50 to 0.60 percent of C,0.30 to 0.60 percent of Si,0.8 to 1.2 percent of Mn,5.0 to 6.0 percent of Cr,2.5 to 3.0 percent of Mo,0.20 to 0.40 percent of V,0.30 to 0.50 percent of Ni,0.025 to 0.030 percent of Nb, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of S, and the balance of Fe and impurity elements; wherein the relationship between Nb and C element content is nb=c/20; the relationship between Mo and Cr element content is mo=cr/2. The invention improves the wear resistance, and the addition of Ni element improves the toughness, and especially, the addition of Nb element improves the wear resistance and toughness of the steel, so that the plastic die steel has the characteristics of both toughness and strength.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a die steel product in metallurgical industry, in particular to die steel with good wear resistance for injection molding of added glass fiber plastics.
Background
The mold, which is a special tool used in various presses and mounted on the press, then produces the part or article of the desired shape from the metallic or nonmetallic material by pressure. With the development of modern industry, the application of the die is more and more extensive, and about 60% -80% of parts in products such as automobiles, electronics, instruments, household appliances, aerospace, building materials, motors, communication equipment and the like are processed and molded by the die, so that the die is an important component of equipment manufacturing industry. The wide application of plastic products in the above fields has prompted a rapid increase in the demand for plastic forming molds, which currently have been developed as the mold type with the greatest demand in the mold field. Among various plastic types, glass fiber reinforced plastic is a composite material with wide application, which is a novel functional material prepared from synthetic resin and glass fiber through a composite process, wherein the relative density of the glass fiber reinforced plastic is between 1.5 and 2.0, and only 1/4 to 1/5 of carbon steel, but the tensile strength is close to or even exceeds that of carbon steel, so that the glass fiber reinforced plastic is widely applied to related industries such as aerospace, railway, decorative building, household furniture, building material bathroom and environmental sanitation engineering. The glass fiber is used for flushing the surface of the die cavity in the injection process of the glass fiber reinforced plastic injection molding, and the friction on the surface of the die cavity in the demolding process of the plastic piece after solidification molding can cause abrasion on the surface of the die cavity, so that the service life of the die is reduced. The blank before the plastic mould is processed is in a pre-hard state, the hardness is HRC 30-44, and even if the hardness of the pre-hard state reaches the upper limit HRC44, the early abrasion phenomenon still exists when the mould is used for glass fiber reinforced plastic injection molding.
Patent publication No. CN107974636A discloses a high-hardness high-hardenability pre-hardening plastic die steel and a preparation method thereof, wherein the chemical components in percentage by weight are as follows: c:0.40 to 0.50 percent, si:0.2 to 0.5 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.030 percent, P: less than or equal to 0.030 percent, mn:0.6 to 1.0 percent, ni:0.8 to 1.5 percent, mo:0.6 to 2.0 percent, cr:1.6 to 2.5 percent, V:0.1 to 0.5 percent, and the balance of Fe and unavoidable impurities, has the advantages of higher pre-hardening hardness, higher toughness, higher hardenability and more excellent comprehensive performance compared with the prior art. The hardness of the tempering treatment at 460 ℃ after quenching is HRC49.2 at the highest, and the hardness is improved compared with the hardness of the existing pre-hardening plastic die steel, but the early abrasion phenomenon still exists in the service life of the die for glass fiber reinforced plastic injection molding.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect that the prior plastic die steel is not wear-resistant when used for glass fiber reinforced plastic injection molding, the invention develops the plastic die steel which is wear-resistant when added with glass fiber plastic injection molding, and the chemical components (weight percent) of the plastic die steel are as follows: 0.50 to 0.60 percent of C,0.30 to 0.60 percent of Si,0.8 to 1.2 percent of Mn,5.0 to 6.0 percent of Cr,2.5 to 3.0 percent of Mo,0.20 to 0.40 percent of V,0.30 to 0.50 percent of Ni,0.025 to 0.030 percent of Nb, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of S, and the balance of Fe and impurity elements; wherein the relationship between Nb and C element content is nb=c/20; the relationship between Mo and Cr element content is mo=cr/2.
The composition design of the present invention is determined based on the following principle:
carbon is the most effective element for improving the hardness and strength of steel, has obvious solid solution strengthening effect, precipitates a large amount of dispersed carbide during tempering and has dispersion strengthening effect, the precipitated carbide is high-hardness second-phase particles, and improves the wear resistance of the steel, but the excessive content of C can cause the increase of the carbide quantity in the steel, and reduces the toughness and the welding performance. Therefore, the carbon content is not excessively high. Therefore, the carbon content of the present invention is 0.50 to 0.60%.
Si has better deoxidization in the steelmaking process, si element is added into steel to have solid solution strengthening effect, so that the hardness of a matrix is improved, but the toughness of the steel is reduced and the graphitization tendency is increased when the Si content is too high, so that the Si content of the steel is 0.30-0.60%.
Mn is an alloy element which remarkably improves hardenability and strongly delays pearlite transformation, but when the Mn content is too high, the steel grains tend to be coarsened, so that the Mn content of the present invention is 0.8 to 1.2%.
Cr element is carbide forming element, the precipitated high-hardness carbide improves the wear resistance of steel, cr element is dissolved in austenite to improve the hardenability of steel, and the excessive Cr content can obtain ferrite structure to reduce the strength, so the Cr content of the invention is 5.0-6.0%.
The Mo element is carbide forming element, the precipitated high-hardness carbide improves the wear resistance of the steel, the hardenability of the steel is improved when the Mo element is dissolved in austenite, particularly, the hardenability is obviously improved when Cr and Mo elements are added simultaneously, the martensitic structure is obtained after the large-size die is quenched, and the sorbite structure is obtained after tempering, so that the toughness of the steel is improved. However, when the Mo content is too high, the hot working deformation resistance is increased, and the hot working performance of the steel is lowered. Therefore, the Mo content of the present invention is 2.5 to 3.0%, w% mo= (w% Cr)/2.
The MC type high-hardness carbide can be separated out in the tempering process by adding the alloy element V into the steel, so that the wear resistance of the steel is improved, the large-particle liquid separation carbide is easily separated out due to the excessively high V content, and the toughness is reduced. Therefore, the V content of the present invention is 0.20 to 0.40%.
The addition of a small amount of Nb in the steel can play a role of grain refinement, improve the impact toughness of the steel, and easily separate out large-particle liquid-separated carbide with high Nb content and reduce the toughness, so that 0.025-0.030 percent of Nb is added in the invention. In order to prevent Nb element and C element from forming large-particle bulk liquid-out carbide, it is necessary to control the addition amount of Nb, w% nb= (w% C)/20.
Ni is an element which obviously improves the toughness of steel, and the hardness of the steel is reduced by the austenitic structure when the content of Ni is too high, so that 0.30-0.50% of Ni is added.
The manufacturing method of the die steel with the chemical components comprises the following steps:
the invention adopts the technical processes of electric furnace, refining, vacuum degassing treatment, die injection electrode rod, electroslag remelting and forging forming:
the electric furnace smelting adopts a 40-ton electric arc furnace (EAF furnace) to add the prepared pig iron and scrap steel into the furnace, electrifying, igniting the pig iron and the scrap steel in the heating furnace by a graphite electrode until the pig iron and the scrap steel are completely melted, tapping when the temperature reaches 1630-1640 ℃, and flowing the melted molten steel into a refining furnace (40-ton LF furnace).
And (3) electrifying and heating ladle in place of an LF furnace, adding alloy elements C, cr, mn, si, mo, V, ni and Nb according to the chemical component content of the invention into the LF furnace, adding lime in two batches with the addition amount of 200 Kg/batch, and adding 20-23 Kg of aluminum ingots for deoxidization when the slag color becomes white. And (3) after the content of various alloy elements is adjusted in place, measuring the temperature, and transferring the 40 ton LF furnace to a vacuum degassing treatment station (VD) for vacuum degassing treatment when the temperature reaches 1610-1620 ℃.
And (3) vacuumizing a 40-ton LF furnace on a VD station cover, keeping the vacuum degree for 20-25 minutes after the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 66.7Pa, then breaking the vacuum, measuring the temperature, hanging a ladle when the temperature is reduced to 1520-1530 ℃, placing the ladle on a casting car, starting to pour a steel ingot with the diameter of 800mm, wherein the steel ingot is a base metal for electroslag remelting, cooling to room temperature after the steel ingot is poured, and transferring the poured steel ingot with the diameter of 800mm to an electroslag remelting station for electroslag remelting smelting.
The electroslag remelting adopts 60 percent CaF+25 percent Al 2 O 3 The specification of an electroslag remelting crystallizer is phi 1000mm, a steel ingot with the specification of phi 800mm is electrified as an electrode for electroslag remelting, the electrode is heated and melted by striking an arc at the bottom of the crystallizer at the end part of the electrode, 450Kg of slag is added into the crystallizer in batches, 50Kg of slag is added in each batch, the slag is melted simultaneously, the electrode is melted according to the melting speed of 700-750 Kg per hour, the electroslag remelting is carried out to obtain a 15 ton heavy steel ingot, the forging heating is carried out by adopting a heating process of 1180-1200 ℃ and heat preservation for 8-10 hours, the 400 x 1000mm flat square strip profile is forged by adopting a 4000 ton rapid forging machine, and annealing treatment is carried out by adopting an annealing process of 900-950 ℃ heat preservation for 20-24 hours after forging.
According to the manufacturing method of the wear-resistant mold steel for injection molding of the glass fiber plastic, the hardness of the prepared mold steel after quenching and tempering is as high as HRC 55-56, and the impact energy of a sample with no notch 7 multiplied by 10 multiplied by 55 in the longitudinal direction is 220-235J.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
the invention overcomes the defect that the existing plastic die steel is not wear-resistant when being used for glass fiber reinforced plastic injection molding, improves the carbon content through reasonable component design, and adds carbide forming elements Cr, mo and V to form high-hardness carbide to improve the wear resistance, and adds Ni to improve the toughness, especially Nb to improve the wear resistance of the steel and the toughness, so that the plastic die steel has the characteristics of both toughness and the hardness after the die processed by the steel grade is subjected to quenching and tempering treatment is as high as HRC55, and the wear resistance of the die for glass fiber reinforced plastic injection molding is obviously improved.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the present invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
The implementation of the invention adopts the technological process of 40 tons of electric furnaces (EAF furnaces) +40 tons of refining furnaces (LF furnaces) +40 tons of vacuum degassing treatment (VD) +die injection electrode bars+electroslag remelting+forging forming:
example 1:
the electric furnace smelting adopts a 40-ton electric arc furnace (EAF furnace) to add the prepared pig iron and scrap steel into the furnace, electrifying, igniting the pig iron and the scrap steel in the heating furnace by a graphite electrode until the pig iron and the scrap steel are completely melted, tapping when the temperature reaches 1630 ℃, and flowing the melted molten steel into a refining furnace (40-ton LF furnace).
And (3) electrifying and heating ladle in place of an LF furnace, adding alloy elements C, cr, mn, si, mo, V, ni and Nb according to the chemical component content of the invention into the LF furnace, adding lime in two batches with the addition amount of 200 Kg/batch, and adding 20Kg aluminum ingot for deoxidization when the slag color becomes white. And (3) measuring the temperature after the content of various alloy elements is adjusted in place, and transferring the 40 ton LF furnace to a vacuum degassing treatment station (VD) for vacuum degassing treatment when the temperature reaches 1620 ℃.
And (3) vacuumizing a 40-ton LF furnace on a sealing cover of a VD station cover, maintaining for 20 minutes after the vacuum degree reaches 50Pa, then breaking vacuum, measuring the temperature, hanging a ladle when the temperature is reduced to 1530 ℃, placing a ladle on a casting car, starting to pour a steel ingot with the diameter of 800mm, wherein the steel ingot is a base metal for electroslag remelting, cooling to room temperature after the steel ingot is poured, and transferring the poured steel ingot with the diameter of 800mm to an electroslag remelting station for electroslag remelting smelting.
The electroslag remelting adopts 60 percent CaF+25 percent Al 2 O 3 The specification of an electroslag remelting crystallizer is phi 1000mm, a steel ingot with the specification of phi 800mm is electrified as an electrode for electroslag remelting, the electrode is heated and melted by striking an arc at the bottom of the crystallizer at the end part of the electrode, 450Kg of slag is added into the crystallizer in batches, 50Kg of slag is added in each batch, the slag is melted simultaneously, the electrode is melted at the melting speed of 750Kg per hour, the electroslag remelting is carried out to form a 15 ton heavy steel ingot, the forging heating is carried out by adopting a heating process of 1180 ℃ heating and heat preservation for 9 hours, a 4000 ton quick forging machine is adopted to forge the steel ingot into a 400 multiplied by 1000mm flat square strip section, and annealing is carried out by adopting an annealing process of 920 ℃ heat preservation for 22 hours after forging.
Table 1 example 1 chemical composition
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | V | Nb | Ni |
| 0.50 | 0.60 | 1.0 | 0.015 | 0.008 | 5.8 | 2.9 | 0.35 | 0.025 | 0.30 |
300 x 400 x 500mm test blocks are taken from the central area of the end face of the flat square strip section with the thickness of 400 x 1000mm, the temperature is kept at 1020 ℃ for 3 hours, oil cooling is carried out to room temperature, quenching treatment is carried out, the temperature is kept at 560 ℃ for 10 hours, tempering is carried out for 2 times, the hardness is HRC55, and the impact energy of a sample with the longitudinal non-notch of 7 x 10 x 55 is 224J.
Example 2:
the electric furnace smelting adopts a 40-ton electric arc furnace (EAF furnace) to add the prepared pig iron and scrap steel into the furnace, electrifying, igniting the pig iron and the scrap steel in the heating furnace by a graphite electrode until the pig iron and the scrap steel are completely melted, tapping when the temperature reaches 1635 ℃, and flowing the melted molten steel into a refining furnace (40-ton LF furnace).
And (3) electrifying and heating ladle in place of an LF furnace, adding alloy elements C, cr, mn, si, mo, V, ni and Nb according to the chemical component content of the invention into the LF furnace, adding lime in two batches with the addition amount of 200 Kg/batch, and adding 23Kg aluminum ingot for deoxidization when the slag color becomes white. And (3) measuring the temperature after the content of various alloy elements is adjusted in place, and transferring the 40 ton LF furnace to a vacuum degassing treatment station (VD) for vacuum degassing treatment when the temperature reaches 1610 ℃.
And (3) vacuumizing a 40-ton LF furnace on a VD station cover, keeping the vacuum degree for 20 minutes after the vacuum degree reaches 62Pa, breaking the vacuum, measuring the temperature, hanging a ladle when the temperature is reduced to 1520 ℃, placing a ladle on a casting car, starting to pour a steel ingot with the diameter of 800mm, wherein the steel ingot is a base metal for electroslag remelting, cooling to room temperature after the steel ingot is poured, and transferring the poured steel ingot with the diameter of 800mm to an electroslag remelting station for electroslag remelting smelting.
The electroslag remelting adopts 60 percent CaF+25 percent Al 2 O 3 The specification of an electroslag remelting crystallizer is phi 1000mm, a steel ingot with the specification of phi 800mm is electrified as an electrode for electroslag remelting, the electrode is heated and melted by striking an arc at the bottom of the crystallizer at the end part of the electrode, 450Kg of slag is added into the crystallizer in batches, 50Kg of slag is added in each batch, the slag is melted simultaneously, the electrode is melted at the melting speed of 700Kg per hour, the electroslag remelting is carried out to form a 15 ton heavy steel ingot, the forging heating is carried out by adopting a heating process of heating at 1200 ℃ and preserving heat for 8 hours, a 4000 ton quick forging machine is adopted to forge the steel ingot into a 400 multiplied by 1000mm flat square strip, and annealing is carried out by adopting an annealing process of preserving heat for 20 hours at 950 ℃ after forging.
TABLE 2 example 2 chemical composition
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | V | Nb | Ni |
| 0.60 | 0.30 | 0.8 | 0.018 | 0.005 | 6.0 | 3.0 | 0.20 | 0.030 | 0.50 |
300 x 400 x 500mm test blocks are taken from the center area of the end face of the flat square strip section with the thickness of 400 x 1000mm, the temperature is kept at 1020 ℃ for 3 hours, oil cooling is carried out to room temperature for quenching treatment, the temperature is kept at 560 ℃ for 10 hours, tempering is carried out for 2 times, the hardness is HRC55.5, and the impact energy of a sample with the longitudinal non-notch 7 x 10 x 55 is 220J.
Example 3:
the electric furnace smelting adopts a 40-ton electric arc furnace (EAF furnace) to add the prepared pig iron and scrap steel into the furnace, electrifying, igniting the pig iron and the scrap steel in the heating furnace by a graphite electrode until the pig iron and the scrap steel are completely melted, tapping when the temperature reaches 1640 ℃, and flowing the melted molten steel into a refining furnace (40-ton LF furnace).
And (3) electrifying and heating ladle in place of an LF furnace, adding alloy elements C, cr, mn, si, mo, V, ni and Nb according to the chemical component content of the invention into the LF furnace, adding lime in two batches with the addition amount of 200 Kg/batch, and adding 21Kg of aluminum ingot for deoxidization when the slag color becomes white. And (3) measuring the temperature after the content of various alloy elements is adjusted in place, and transferring the 40 ton LF furnace to a vacuum degassing treatment station (VD) for vacuum degassing treatment when the temperature reaches 1615 ℃.
And (3) vacuumizing a 40-ton LF furnace on a VD station cover, keeping the vacuum degree for 22 minutes after 58Pa, breaking the vacuum, measuring the temperature, hanging a ladle when the temperature is reduced to 1525 ℃, placing a ladle on a casting car, starting to pour a steel ingot with the diameter of 800mm, wherein the steel ingot is a base metal for electroslag remelting, cooling to room temperature after the steel ingot is poured, and transferring the poured steel ingot with the diameter of 800mm to an electroslag remelting station for electroslag remelting smelting.
The electroslag remelting adopts 60 percent CaF+25 percent Al 2 O 3 The specification of an electroslag remelting crystallizer is phi 1000mm, a steel ingot with the specification of phi 800mm is electrified as an electrode for electroslag remelting, the electrode is heated and melted by striking an arc at the bottom of the crystallizer at the end part of the electrode, 450Kg of slag is added into the crystallizer in batches, 50Kg of slag is added in each batch, the slag is melted simultaneously, the electrode is melted at a melting speed of 730Kg per hour, the electroslag remelting is carried out to form a 15-ton heavy steel ingot, the forging heating is carried out by adopting a heating process of heating at 1190 ℃ and preserving heat for 9 hours, a 4000-ton quick forging machine is adopted to forge the 400X 1000mm flat square strip, and annealing treatment is carried out by adopting an annealing process of preserving heat for 23 hours at 900 ℃ after forging.
TABLE 3 example 3 chemical composition
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | V | Nb | Ni |
| 0.56 | 0.45 | 1.2 | 0.013 | 0.006 | 5.0 | 2.5 | 0.40 | 0.028 | 0.36 |
Taking 300 x 400 x 500mm test blocks from the central area of the end face of a flat square strip section with the length of 400 x 1000mm, carrying out oil cooling to room temperature for quenching treatment after heat preservation for 3 hours at 1020 ℃, tempering for 2 times after heat preservation for 10 hours at 560 ℃, carrying out hardness HRC56, and carrying out longitudinal unnotched 7 x 10 x 55 sample impact energy 226J
Example 4:
the electric furnace smelting adopts a 40-ton electric arc furnace (EAF furnace) to add the prepared pig iron and scrap steel into the furnace, electrifying, igniting the pig iron and the scrap steel in the heating furnace by a graphite electrode until the pig iron and the scrap steel are completely melted, tapping when the temperature reaches 1638 ℃, and flowing the melted molten steel into a refining furnace (40-ton LF furnace).
And (3) electrifying and heating ladle in place of an LF furnace, adding alloy elements C, cr, mn, si, mo, V, ni and Nb according to the chemical component content of the invention into the LF furnace, adding lime in two batches with the addition amount of 200 Kg/batch, and adding 22Kg aluminum ingot for deoxidization when the slag color becomes white. And (3) measuring the temperature after the content of various alloy elements is adjusted in place, and transferring the 40 ton LF furnace to a vacuum degassing treatment station (VD) for vacuum degassing treatment when the temperature reaches 1618 ℃.
And (3) vacuumizing a 40-ton LF furnace on a VD station cover, maintaining for 24 minutes after the vacuum degree reaches 55Pa, then breaking vacuum, measuring the temperature, hanging a ladle when the temperature is reduced to 1526 ℃, placing the ladle on a casting car, starting to pour a steel ingot with the diameter of 800mm, wherein the steel ingot is a base metal for electroslag remelting, cooling to room temperature after the steel ingot is poured, and transferring the poured steel ingot with the diameter of 800mm to an electroslag remelting station for electroslag remelting smelting.
The electroslag remelting adopts 60 percent CaF+25 percent Al 2 O 3 The specification of an electroslag remelting crystallizer is phi 1000mm, a steel ingot with the specification of phi 800mm is electrified as an electrode for electroslag remelting, the electrode is heated and melted by striking an arc at the bottom of the crystallizer at the end part of the electrode, 450Kg of slag is added into the crystallizer in batches, 50Kg of slag is added in each batch, the slag is melted simultaneously, the electrode is melted at the melting speed of 720Kg per hour, the electroslag remelting is carried out to form a 15-ton heavy steel ingot, the forging heating is carried out by adopting a heating process of 1185 ℃ heating and 10 hours heat preservation, the 400X 1000mm flat square strip profile is forged by adopting a 4000-ton rapid forging machine, and annealing treatment is carried out by adopting an annealing process of 920 ℃ heat preservation for 24 hours after forging.
TABLE 4 example 4 chemical composition
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | V | Nb | Ni |
| 0.58 | 0.35 | 1.1 | 0.016 | 0.007 | 5.4 | 2.7 | 0.32 | 0.029 | 0.45 |
300 x 400 x 500mm test blocks are taken from the central area of the end face of the flat square strip section with the thickness of 400 x 1000mm, the temperature is kept at 1020 ℃ for 3 hours, oil cooling is carried out to room temperature, quenching treatment is carried out, the temperature is kept at 560 ℃ for 10 hours, tempering is carried out for 2 times, the hardness is HRC55, and the impact energy of a sample with the longitudinal non-notch of 7 x 10 x 55 is 235J.
Comparative examples:
adopting a process flow of 40 tons of electric furnaces (EAF furnaces) +40 tons of refining furnaces (LF furnaces) +40 tons of vacuum degassing treatment (VD) +die injection electrode bars+electroslag remelting+forging forming (400 multiplied by 1000mm flat square strip sections);
table 5 comparative example chemical composition
| C | Si | Mn | P | S | Cr | Mo | V | Nb | Ni |
| 0.38 | 0.21 | 0.43 | 0.018 | 0.005 | 2.12 | 0.56 | 0.15 | / | 0.12 |
300 x 400 x 500mm test blocks are taken from the central area of the end face of the flat square strip section with the thickness of 400 x 1000mm, the temperature is kept at 870 ℃ for 3 hours, oil cooling is carried out to room temperature, quenching treatment is carried out, the temperature is kept at 560 ℃ for 10 hours, tempering is carried out for 2 times, the hardness is HRC35, and the impact energy of a sample with the longitudinal non-notch 7 x 10 x 55 is 265J.
The hardness of the plastic die steel after quenching and tempering is as high as HRC 55-56, which is far higher than that of the existing plastic die steel (the hardness of the plastic die steel after quenching and tempering is only HRC35 in the comparative example), the toughness is good, the impact energy of a sample with 7 multiplied by 10 multiplied by 55 in the longitudinal direction is 220-235J, the plastic die steel is processed into a die for glass fiber reinforced plastic injection molding, the service life of the die is longer than 50 ten thousand, and the service life of the die is obviously prolonged.
In view of the foregoing, the embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, and the scope of the claims of the present invention should be covered.
Claims (7)
1. The wear-resistant mold steel for injection molding of the added glass fiber plastic is characterized by comprising the following elements in percentage by weight: 0.50 to 0.60 percent of C,0.30 to 0.60 percent of Si,0.8 to 1.2 percent of Mn,5.0 to 6.0 percent of Cr,2.5 to 3.0 percent of Mo,0.20 to 0.40 percent of V,0.30 to 0.50 percent of Ni,0.025 to 0.030 percent of Nb, less than or equal to 0.020 percent of P, less than or equal to 0.010 percent of S, and the balance of Fe and impurity elements; wherein the relationship between Nb and C element content is nb=c/20; the relationship between Mo and Cr element content is mo=cr/2;
the wear-resistant mold steel for injection molding of the added glass fiber plastic is prepared by the following steps: the process flow of electric furnace, refining, vacuum degassing treatment, injection electrode rod, electroslag remelting and forging forming is adopted: the method specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) Adding prepared pig iron and scrap steel into an electric furnace by adopting an electric arc furnace, electrifying, igniting graphite electrodes to heat the pig iron and the scrap steel in the furnace until the pig iron and the scrap steel are completely melted, tapping when the temperature reaches 1630-1640 ℃, and flowing the melted molten steel into a refining furnace;
(2) The ladle of the LF furnace is electrified and heated in place, alloy elements C, cr, mn, si, mo, V, ni and Nb are added into the LF furnace according to the content of the chemical components, lime is added in two batches, and an Al ingot is added for deoxidization after the slag color becomes white; after the content of various alloy elements is adjusted in place, measuring the temperature, and when the temperature reaches 1610-1620 ℃, transferring the LF furnace to a vacuum degassing treatment station (VD) for vacuum degassing treatment;
(3) The LF furnace starts vacuumizing on a sealing cover on a VD station cover, the vacuum degree is maintained for 20-25 minutes after the vacuum degree is less than or equal to 66.7Pa, then the vacuum is broken, the temperature is measured, a ladle is hung when the temperature is reduced to 1520-1530 ℃, a steel ladle is placed on a casting car, a steel ingot is poured, the steel ingot is a base metal for electroslag remelting, after the steel ingot is poured, the die is cooled to room temperature, and then the poured steel ingot is transferred to an electroslag remelting station for electroslag remelting smelting;
(4) The electroslag remelting adopts 60 percent CaF+25 percent Al 2 O 3 The steel ingot is electrified as an electrode for electroslag remelting, the electrode is heated and melted by striking an arc at the bottom of a crystallizer at the end part of the electrode, meanwhile, slag is added into the crystallizer in batches, the steel slag is melted at the same time, the electrode is melted at a melting speed of 700-750 kg per hour, the electroslag remelts into a 15 ton heavy steel ingot, the forging heating is heated by a heating process of 1180-1200 ℃ and heat preservation for 8-10 hours, the flat square strip section bar with the length of 400 multiplied by 1000mm is forged by a rapid forging machine after the forging heating, and the annealing treatment is carried out by an annealing process of heat preservation for 20-24 hours at 900-950 ℃.
2. An additive glass fiber plastic injection molding wear resistant mold steel according to claim 1, wherein in step (1) the electric arc furnace is a 40 ton electric arc furnace.
3. An additive glass fiber plastic injection molding wear resistant die steel according to claim 1, wherein in step (2) the refining furnace is a 40 ton LF furnace.
4. An additive glass fiber plastic injection molding wear resistant die steel according to claim 1, wherein in step (2) 200 kg/batch lime is added and 20kg-23kgAl ingot is added for deoxidization until the slag becomes white.
5. An additive glass fiber plastic injection molding wear resistant mold steel according to claim 1, wherein the cast ingot in step (3) is a ingot of Φ800 mm.
6. An additive glass fiber plastic injection molding wear resistant mold steel according to claim 1, wherein in step (4) the electroslag remelting mold gauge is Φ1000mm.
7. The wear resistant die steel for injection molding of glass fiber plastic according to claim 1, wherein the hardness of the prepared die steel after thermal refining is as high as HRC 55-56, and the impact energy of a sample with 7 x 10 x 55 is 220-235J without a notch in the longitudinal direction.
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| CN1174896A (en) * | 1996-04-29 | 1998-03-04 | 克罗索·洛利工业责任有限公司 | Low alloy steel for manufacture of moulds for plastics |
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