CN115491516A - Method for preparing aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy by extracting metal aluminum from aluminum ash - Google Patents
Method for preparing aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy by extracting metal aluminum from aluminum ash Download PDFInfo
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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- C22B21/00—Obtaining aluminium
- C22B21/0038—Obtaining aluminium by other processes
- C22B21/0069—Obtaining aluminium by other processes from scrap, skimmings or any secondary source aluminium, e.g. recovery of alloy constituents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy by extracting metallic aluminum from aluminum ash slag, which comprises the steps of extracting simple substance aluminum from the aluminum ash slag, screening out a metallic aluminum material by a drum screen, smelting the metallic aluminum material, refining and slagging off in a furnace, adding external sponge titanium and preparing an aluminum-titanium alloy, casting ingots and detecting components. According to the invention, the extraction of the aluminum simple substance from the aluminum ash and the preparation of the aluminum alloy intermediate alloy are organically combined, so that the energy consumption and the secondary burning loss of the aluminum liquid in the aluminum melting process of the conventional preparation process are avoided, the comprehensive energy consumption of the product is effectively reduced, the yield of the product is improved, and the like sponge titanium serving as an alloy addition raw material is used, so that the production cost can be further reduced, the efficient utilization of solid waste and valuable resource recovery is realized, and the processing mode is green and environment-friendly.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preparing an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy, in particular to a method for preparing the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy by extracting metal aluminum from aluminum ash.
Background
The aluminum ash slag generated in the production process of the electrolytic aluminum liquid cast ingot contains a large amount of valuable metal aluminum and has high recycling value. A large amount of aluminum ash is also generated in the aluminum processing fusion casting production process, but other alloy elements are added in the alloying process, so that the generated aluminum ash contains a large amount of other metal elements and impurities.
In the aluminum processing industry, the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy and the Al-Ti-B intermediate alloy are the most widely used and mature aluminum alloy refiner at present. With the progress of research, it has been found that when Cr, zn, mn, etc. are contained in the melt, the refining ability of Al-Ti-B is greatly weakened, which is also called "refiner poisoning". In addition, since TiB 2 Has very high melting point and hardness, and the addition of the aluminum alloy causes difficulty in deep processing of the aluminum alloy. Also, tiAl in certain Al-Ti-B alloys due to limited levels of Al-Ti-B master alloys 3 Coarse particle size of TiB 2 Easy agglomeration, not only affecting the deterioration effect, but also reducing the mechanical property of the aluminum material and causing surface defects.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy by extracting metal aluminum from aluminum ash so as to solve the problems.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
a method for preparing an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy by extracting metallic aluminum from aluminum ash slag comprises the following steps:
s1, extracting simple substance aluminum in aluminous ash:
selecting aluminum ash generated by a casting process in the electrolytic aluminum ingot casting process, screening the aluminum ash with the particle size of less than 40mm, feeding the aluminum ash into a blanking bin, lifting the aluminum ash to a buffer bin through a bucket elevator, arranging an electric gate valve, feeding the materials into a vibrating feeder through the electric gate valve arranged below the buffer bin, and uniformly feeding the materials into a ball mill for grinding through the vibrating feeder; according to the invention, the aluminum ash slag generated by the casting process in the electrolytic aluminum ingot casting process is selected, the impurity elements only contain relatively high Fe and Si, and the other impurity elements contain relatively low content, so that the content of the impurity elements of the Al-Ti10 intermediate alloy is controlled in a required range, and the influence of the structure and the performance of the Al-Ti10 intermediate alloy containing other impurity components is avoided;
s2, screening out the metal aluminum material by a drum screen:
conveying the aluminum ash slag obtained by grinding in the step S1 to a double-layer rotary screen through a screw conveyor of a screw conveyor, and separating the aluminum ash slag into coarse-particle metal aluminum materials, fine-particle metal aluminum materials and secondary aluminum ash; the screening process is adopted in the step, so that the metal aluminum and the slag in the aluminum ash can be effectively separated, and a large amount of impurities in the slag are prevented from entering a subsequent melt; the selection of the metal aluminum-containing material with coarse particles (larger than 22 meshes) is beneficial to ensuring that the content of the metal aluminum in the material is larger than 60 percent, and the metal aluminum can be extracted to the maximum extent by the subsequent smelting process, and simultaneously, the uniformity of the particle size is ensured, and the increase of burning loss caused by over-small particles and large specific surface area is avoided;
s3, smelting a metallic aluminum material:
heating aluminum liquid with the aluminum content of 99.70-99.85% to the temperature of 820-850 ℃, injecting the aluminum liquid into 1/2 of the total capacity of the intermediate frequency furnace with the capacity of 1T and the working frequency of 10000Hz, respectively adding coarse-particle metallic aluminum materials obtained by S2 into a plurality of aluminum plate welding boxes, welding and sealing the aluminum plate welding box into a closed cube, then placing the closed aluminum plate welding box into an intermediate frequency furnace, keeping the box body completely immersed in the aluminum liquid, and continuously and sequentially placing the remaining closed aluminum plate welding boxes into the intermediate frequency furnace when the melt does not bubble any more; the closed cubic aluminum plate welding box is beneficial to the fact that coarse-grained (larger than 22 meshes) metal-containing aluminum materials are completely sunk into aluminum liquid, high yield of metal aluminum is guaranteed, the phenomenon that burning loss is increased due to the fact that the metal aluminum materials are directly added and float on the upper portion of the aluminum liquid is avoided, the box body is welded by 1-series cast-rolled aluminum alloy plate materials, impurity components are few, and the fact that the content of impurity elements of the Al-Ti10 intermediate alloy is controlled within a required range is further facilitated; the aluminum content of the aluminum liquid is limited to 99.70-99.85%, the Fe content in the aluminum liquid is ensured to be lower than 0.13%, and the impurity element content of the Al-Ti10 intermediate alloy is ensured to be controlled in a required range; the adding amount of the aluminum liquid is 1/2 of the total capacity of the intermediate frequency furnace, so that the aluminum plate welding box filled with coarse-grained metal aluminum materials can be ensured to be completely immersed in the aluminum liquid, and the oxidation of the metal aluminum is reasonably controlled;
s4, refining in a furnace and slagging off:
after a slagging-off spoon sprayed with zinc oxide powder is used for slagging-off the melt in the intermediate frequency furnace, heating to 730-750 ℃, preserving heat for 20min, stirring for 5-8min by using a movable molten aluminum refining and degassing device, simultaneously introducing Ar gas for refining, heating to 730-750 ℃, preserving heat for 20min, and removing dross on the surface of the melt by using the slagging-off spoon sprayed with zinc oxide powder, wherein the surface of the melt is a mirror surface;
s5, adding other external sponge titanium to prepare the aluminum-titanium alloy:
(1) Treating the external product of titanium sponge:
drying off the off-grade sponge titanium with the titanium content of 95%, putting the off-grade sponge titanium into a plurality of iron baskets coated with zinc peroxide powder, and putting the iron baskets on a heating plate to preheat the titanium sponge to 350-400 ℃;
(2) Alloying aluminum liquid:
putting an iron basket filled with the sponge titanium for the other products into molten aluminum, continuously putting the other baskets into the molten aluminum in sequence after the sponge titanium for the other products is completely molten, removing dross on the surface of a melt and bonding substances at a furnace wall by using a skimming spoon coated with zinc oxide powder until the addition of the sponge titanium for the other products is completed, heating the medium-frequency furnace to above 1300 ℃, stirring for 5-8min by using a movable molten aluminum refining and degassing device, introducing Ar gas for refining, removing the dross on the surface of the melt and the bonding substances at the furnace wall by using the skimming spoon coated with the zinc oxide powder, heating to above 1300 ℃, preserving heat for 30min, and completing the processAlloying the aluminum liquid, and detecting the components of the Al-Ti intermediate alloy; s4-5, a movable molten aluminum refining degassing device is adopted for strong stirring, because the Al-Ti intermediate alloy has large specific gravity and is easy to be influenced by gravity to precipitate to the bottom of the intermediate frequency furnace, so that the components are not uniform, and TiAl precipitated at the bottom of the intermediate frequency furnace can be stirred by mechanical strong stirring 3 The process ensures that the Al-Ti intermediate alloy with uniform components can be produced by fully stirring;
s6, casting ingots:
keeping the furnace temperature of the intermediate frequency furnace at 1300-1400 ℃, manufacturing an aluminum ingot mold, coating zinc oxide powder, preheating, and pouring a melt in the intermediate frequency furnace into the aluminum ingot mold; in S4-6, a tool sprayed with zinc oxide powder is used to make Ti form TiAl in the preparation process of the aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy 3 The zinc oxide powder has an anti-oxidation effect, so that the adhesion of a melt and a stirring rod is avoided, and iron elements can be effectively prevented from entering molten aluminum, slag inclusion and trace impurity elements can be remarkably reduced from entering the molten aluminum; the temperature of the Al-Ti10 intermediate alloy in the S5-6 in a liquid state is 1200 ℃, the intermediate frequency furnace smelting temperature is required to be 1300-1400 ℃ for alloying, the components of the Al-Ti10 intermediate alloy are more uniform at the temperature, and the component indexes of the Al-Ti10 intermediate alloy accord with the national standard GB/T27677-2017 aluminum intermediate alloy. When the melting temperature is 1300-1400 ℃, the superheat degree of the melt is high, and the Al-Ti10 intermediate alloy has good fluidity during casting and is easy to cast and mold; and S5-6, preheating the titanium sponge and the aluminum ingot mold, so that blasting is prevented, and meanwhile, preheating in advance can ensure that the smelting process is smoother, and more energy loss is avoided. In addition, preheating the titanium sponge and aluminum ingot mold to prevent TiAl 3 Segregation and agglomeration are carried out, so that the uniformity of components is ensured;
s7, component detection:
selecting an Al-Ti10 intermediate alloy ingot with the thickness of 100mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 30mm from the pouring interval respectively at the beginning, the middle stage and the end of each smelting furnace pouring, selecting three points on the upper surface and the lower surface of the Al-Ti10 intermediate alloy ingot respectively for sampling, detecting the titanium content components of each sampling point, and when the titanium content deviation of each sampling point is within 0.5 percent, piling up qualified products; when the titanium content of each sampling point is higher than 10.5% or lower than 9.5%, the Al-Ti intermediate alloy is marked for independent stacking.
In order to further realize the invention, in S2, the coarse-particle metallic aluminum material is larger than 22 meshes, the fine-particle metallic aluminum material is 22-100 meshes, and the secondary aluminum ash is smaller than 100 meshes.
In order to further realize the invention, the Fe content of the aluminum liquid in the S3 is lower than 0.13 percent. The Fe content in the aluminum liquid is limited to be lower than 0.13 percent, and the impurity element content of the Al-Ti10 intermediate alloy is ensured to be controlled in a required range.
In order to further realize the invention, in the intermediate frequency furnace in S3, 400kg of coarse-grained metal aluminum material is added besides aluminum liquid. Coarse-grained metallic aluminum materials are added as much as possible, the coarse-grained metallic aluminum materials are melted and refined to the maximum extent, and the resource utilization benefit maximization of the metallic aluminum in the aluminum ash can be realized.
To further implement the present invention, the size of the aluminum plate welding box in S3 is 200mm × 200mm × 200mm.
In order to further realize the invention, the aluminum ingot mold in S6 is a cast iron aluminum ingot mold of 100mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 30 mm.
In order to further realize the method, the leakage hole of the slag removing spoon in the step S4 is 8mm.
In order to further realize the invention, the stirrer head of the mobile molten aluminum refining and degassing device in S4 and S5 (2) is made of a high-strength high-density high-purity graphite rod. And trace impurity elements in the stirring tool are reduced from entering the aluminum melt, so that the purity of the melt is ensured.
In order to further realize the invention, the double-layer rotary screen in S2 adopts a diameter of 1.5 multiplied by 5m.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, the extraction of the aluminum simple substance from the aluminum ash and the preparation of the aluminum alloy intermediate alloy are organically combined, so that the energy consumption and the secondary burning loss of the aluminum liquid in the aluminum melting process of the conventional preparation process are avoided, the comprehensive energy consumption of the product is effectively reduced, the yield of the product is improved, and the like sponge titanium serving as an alloy addition raw material is used, so that the production cost can be further reduced, the efficient utilization of solid waste and valuable resource recovery is realized, and the processing mode is green and environment-friendly.
According to the invention, a large amount of process methods for preventing other impurity components from entering the molten aluminum are adopted, so that the uniformity of the Al-Ti10 intermediate alloy components can be further ensured, and the high-purity Al-Ti intermediate alloy can provide a better grain refining effect in the subsequent processing, production and use of products.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following embodiments.
A method for preparing an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy by extracting metal aluminum from aluminum ash comprises the following steps:
s1, extracting simple substance aluminum in aluminum ash:
selecting aluminum ash generated by a casting process in the electrolytic aluminum ingot casting process, screening the aluminum ash with the particle size of less than 40mm, feeding the aluminum ash into a blanking bin, lifting the aluminum ash to a buffer bin through a bucket elevator, arranging an electric gate valve, feeding the materials into a vibrating feeder through the electric gate valve arranged below the buffer bin, and uniformly feeding the materials into a ball mill for grinding through the vibrating feeder;
s2, screening out the metal aluminum material by a drum screen:
conveying the aluminum ash obtained by grinding the S1 to a double-layer drum sieve with the diameter of 1.5 multiplied by 5m by a screw conveyor of the screw conveyor, and dividing the aluminum ash into coarse-grain metallic aluminum materials, fine-grain metallic aluminum materials and secondary aluminum ash, wherein the coarse-grain metallic aluminum materials are larger than 22 meshes, the fine-grain metallic aluminum materials are 22-100 meshes, and the secondary aluminum ash is smaller than 100 meshes;
s3, smelting a metallic aluminum material:
heating aluminum liquid with 99.70-99.85% of aluminum content and less than 0.13% of Fe content to 820-850 ℃, injecting the aluminum liquid into 1/2 of the total capacity of the intermediate frequency furnace with 1T capacity and 10000Hz working frequency, then adding 400kg of coarse particle metallic aluminum material, then respectively adding the coarse particle metallic aluminum material obtained in S2 into a plurality of aluminum plate welding boxes with 200mm x 200mm size, welding and sealing the aluminum plate welding boxes into a closed cube, then placing the closed aluminum plate welding boxes into the intermediate frequency furnace, keeping the box bodies all immersed in the aluminum liquid, and continuously and sequentially placing the remaining closed aluminum plate welding boxes into the intermediate frequency furnace when the melt does not bubble any more;
s4, refining in a furnace and slagging off:
after slagging-off operation is carried out on the melt in the intermediate frequency furnace by using a slagging-off spoon with a leakage hole of 8mm and sprayed with zinc oxide powder, heating to 730-750 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20min, stirring for 5-8min by using a movable molten aluminum refining and degassing device, simultaneously introducing Ar gas for refining, heating to 730-750 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20min, and then removing scum on the surface of the melt by using the slagging-off spoon sprayed with the zinc oxide powder, wherein the surface of the melt is a mirror surface;
s5, adding other external sponge titanium to prepare the aluminum-titanium alloy:
(1) Treating the external product of titanium sponge:
drying off the off-grade sponge titanium with the titanium content of 95%, putting the off-grade sponge titanium into a plurality of iron baskets coated with zinc peroxide powder, and putting the iron baskets on a heating plate to preheat the titanium sponge to 350-400 ℃;
(2) Alloying aluminum liquid:
putting an iron basket filled with the off-grade sponge titanium into aluminum liquid, continuously putting the rest baskets in sequence after the off-grade sponge titanium is completely melted until the addition of the off-grade sponge titanium is completely finished, removing dross on the surface of a melt and bonding substances at a furnace wall by using a 8mm drossing spoon with a leakage hole sprayed with zinc oxide powder according to the addition calculated according to the alloy component proportion, heating the temperature of a medium-frequency furnace to be more than 1300 ℃, stirring for 5-8min by using a movable aluminum liquid refining and degassing device, introducing Ar gas for refining, removing the dross on the surface of the melt and the bonding substances at the furnace wall by using the drossing spoon sprayed with the zinc oxide powder, heating to be more than 1300 ℃, preserving the temperature for 30min, finishing alloying of the aluminum liquid, and detecting the components of the Al-Ti intermediate alloy;
s6, casting ingots:
keeping the furnace temperature of the intermediate frequency furnace at 1300-1400 ℃, manufacturing a cast iron aluminum ingot mold with the size of 100mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 30mm, painting zinc oxide powder, preheating, and pouring the melt in the intermediate frequency furnace into the aluminum ingot mold;
s7, component detection:
selecting an Al-Ti10 intermediate alloy ingot with the thickness of 100mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 30mm from the pouring interval respectively at the beginning, the middle stage and the end of each smelting furnace pouring, selecting three points on the upper surface and the lower surface of the Al-Ti10 intermediate alloy ingot respectively for sampling, detecting the titanium content components of each sampling point, and when the titanium content deviation of each sampling point is within 0.5 percent, piling up qualified products; when the titanium content of each sampling point is higher than 10.5% or lower than 9.5%, the Al-Ti intermediate alloy is marked and independently stacked.
Wherein, the stirrer head of the mobile molten aluminum refining degassing device is made of a high-strength, high-density and high-purity graphite rod.
Example 1:
a method for preparing an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy by extracting metal aluminum from aluminum ash comprises the following steps:
s1, extracting simple substance aluminum from aluminum ash slag
The bag is cut manually to 3 tons of (about 2.4 tons) aluminium ashes, the aluminium ashes less than 40mm enters into the blanking stock bin through the blanking grate (aperture 40 x 40 mm), then is lifted to the buffer stock bin (3 m x 3 m) through the bucket elevator, the electric gate valve is arranged under the buffer stock bin, the materials enter into the vibrating feeder through the electric gate valve, and are evenly fed to the phi 1500 x 5700 ball mill by the vibrating feeder.
S2, screening out metallic aluminum materials by using a drum screen
After the aluminum ash is ground by a ball mill, the aluminum ash is conveyed to a double-layer drum sieve with the diameter of 1.5 multiplied by 5m by a screw conveyer of the screw conveyer. The material was classified into 3 particle sizes by drum screening, wherein about 480kg of coarse-grained metallic aluminum material was produced.
S3, smelting the metallic aluminum material by using an intermediate frequency furnace
And (2) injecting aluminum liquid with the aluminum content of 99.70-99.85% into a position with the capacity of 1t and the working frequency of 1/2 of the total capacity of the 10000Hz intermediate frequency furnace at the temperature of 830 ℃. About 480kg of a coarse-grained metallic aluminum material was charged into 25 aluminum plate welding boxes of 200X 200mm. And (3) putting the aluminum plate welding box filled with coarse particle metal aluminum materials into the intermediate frequency furnace, keeping the box body completely immersed in the aluminum liquid, and when the melt does not bubble, successively putting other aluminum plate welding boxes filled with coarse particle metal aluminum materials into the aluminum liquid according to the mode, wherein about 480kg of aluminum liquid is added in total.
S4, refining and slagging off in the intermediate frequency furnace
Carrying out slag skimming operation on a melt in the intermediate frequency furnace by using a slag skimming spoon with a leakage hole of 8mm and sprayed with zinc oxide powder, keeping the temperature at 735 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20min, mechanically and powerfully stirring by using a movable molten aluminum refining and degassing device (a stirrer head is made of a high-strength, high-density and high-purity graphite rod) for 6min, simultaneously introducing Ar gas for refining, continuously keeping the temperature for 20min, removing dross on the surface of the melt by using the slag skimming spoon sprayed with the zinc oxide powder, and ensuring that the surface of the melt is a mirror surface.
S5, preparing aluminum-titanium alloy by adding extra-quality sponge titanium into intermediate frequency furnace
105 kg of dried, scaly sponge titanium (titanium content 95%) were added to an iron basket coated with zinc peroxide powder and preheated to 350-400 ℃.
And (4) putting the iron basket filled with the off-grade sponge titanium into the aluminum liquid, and after the off-grade sponge titanium is completely melted, continuing to put the next basket until all the sponge titanium is added. Keeping the temperature of the intermediate frequency furnace at 1320 ℃, then mechanically stirring for 8min by using a movable molten aluminum refining and degassing device, and simultaneously introducing Ar gas for refining. And continuously using a slag removing spoon sprayed with zinc oxide powder to remove dross on the surface of the melt and adhesive on the furnace wall. Keeping the temperature for 30min to finish the alloying of the aluminum liquid.
S6, pouring an ingot by using an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy;
preheating an aluminum ingot mould with the size of 100mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 30mm and the wall thickness of 30mm, sampling and detecting the components of the Al-Ti intermediate alloy, detecting the titanium content in the alloy by a spectrometer to be 10.21%, controlling the furnace temperature of an intermediate frequency furnace to be 1350 ℃, pouring the melt in the intermediate frequency furnace into the aluminum ingot mould, and simultaneously sampling in the pouring process for detecting the components by subsequent sampling.
S7, component detection
A100 mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 30mm Al-Ti10 intermediate alloy ingot is selected from three approximate pouring intervals of pouring beginning, pouring middle and pouring ending, three points are respectively sampled on the upper surface and the lower surface, and the titanium content component is detected, which is detailed in table 1.
Example 2:
a method for preparing an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy by extracting metal aluminum from aluminum ash comprises the following steps:
s1, extracting simple substance aluminum from aluminum ash
The bag is cut manually to 3 tons of bags (about 2.4 tons) of aluminum ash, the aluminum ash less than 40mm enters a blanking bin through a blanking grate (the aperture is 40 multiplied by 40 mm), then is lifted to a buffer bin (3 m multiplied by 3 m) through a bucket elevator, an electric gate valve is arranged below the buffer bin, the material enters a vibrating feeder through the electric gate valve, and is uniformly fed to a phi 1500 multiplied by 5700 ball mill through the vibrating feeder.
S2, screening out metallic aluminum materials by using a drum screen
After the aluminous ash is ground by a ball mill, the aluminous ash is conveyed to a phi 1.5 multiplied by 5m double-layer drum sieve by a screw conveyer. The material was classified into 3 particle sizes by drum screening, wherein about 512kg of coarse-grained metallic aluminum material was produced.
S3, smelting the metallic aluminum material by using an intermediate frequency furnace
And (3) injecting aluminum liquid with the aluminum content of 99.70-99.85% into a position 1/2 of the total capacity of the intermediate frequency furnace with the capacity of 1t and the working frequency of 10000Hz at the temperature of 835 ℃. About 480kg of a coarse-grained metallic aluminum material was charged into 25 aluminum plate welding boxes of 200X 200mm. And placing the aluminum plate welding box filled with coarse-grained metallic aluminum materials into an intermediate frequency furnace, keeping the box body completely immersed in the aluminum liquid, and when the melt does not bubble, sequentially placing other aluminum plate welding boxes filled with coarse-grained metallic aluminum materials into the aluminum liquid according to the mode, wherein about 480kg of the aluminum liquid is added in total.
S4, refining and slagging off in the intermediate frequency furnace
Carrying out slagging-off operation on the melt in the intermediate frequency furnace by using a slagging-off spoon with a leakage hole of 8mm sprayed with zinc oxide powder, keeping the temperature at 740 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20min, mechanically and powerfully stirring for 7min by using a movable molten aluminum refining and degassing device (the stirrer head is made of a high-strength high-density high-purity graphite rod), introducing Ar gas for refining, continuously keeping the temperature for 20min, and removing dross on the surface of the melt by using the slagging-off spoon sprayed with the zinc oxide powder to ensure that the surface of the melt is a mirror surface.
S5, preparing aluminum-titanium alloy by adding extra-quality sponge titanium into intermediate frequency furnace
105 kg of dried, scaly sponge titanium (titanium content 95%) were added to an iron basket coated with zinc peroxide powder and preheated to 350-400 ℃.
And (4) putting the iron basket filled with the off-grade sponge titanium into the aluminum liquid, and after the off-grade sponge titanium is completely melted, continuing to put the next basket until all the sponge titanium is added. Keeping the temperature of the intermediate frequency furnace at 1340 ℃, then mechanically stirring for 7min by using a movable molten aluminum refining and degassing device, and simultaneously introducing Ar gas for refining. And continuously using a slag removing spoon sprayed with zinc oxide powder to remove dross on the surface of the melt and adhesive on the furnace wall. Keeping the temperature for 30min to finish the alloying of the aluminum liquid.
S6, pouring an ingot by using an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy;
preheating an aluminum ingot mold with the size of 100mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 30mm and the wall thickness of 30mm, sampling and detecting Al-Ti intermediate alloy components, detecting the titanium content in the alloy by a spectrometer to be 10.16%, controlling the furnace temperature of an intermediate frequency furnace to be 1370 ℃, pouring melt in the intermediate frequency furnace into the aluminum ingot mold, and simultaneously sampling and detecting the components for subsequent sampling and detecting in the pouring process.
S7, component detection
A100 mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 30mm Al-Ti10 intermediate alloy ingot is selected from three approximate pouring intervals of pouring beginning, pouring middle and pouring ending, three points are respectively sampled on the upper surface and the lower surface, and the titanium content component is detected, which is detailed in table 2.
Example 3:
a method for preparing an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy by extracting metal aluminum from aluminum ash comprises the following steps:
s1, extracting simple substance aluminum from aluminum ash
The bag is cut manually to 3 tons of (about 2.4 tons) aluminium ashes, the aluminium ashes less than 40mm enters into the blanking stock bin through the blanking grate (aperture 40 x 40 mm), then is lifted to the buffer stock bin (3 m x 3 m) through the bucket elevator, the electric gate valve is arranged under the buffer stock bin, the materials enter into the vibrating feeder through the electric gate valve, and are evenly fed to the phi 1500 x 5700 ball mill by the vibrating feeder.
S2, screening out metallic aluminum materials by using a drum screen
After the aluminum ash is ground by a ball mill, the aluminum ash is conveyed to a double-layer drum sieve with the diameter of 1.5 multiplied by 5m by a screw conveyer of the screw conveyer. The material was classified into 3 particle sizes by drum screening, wherein about 505kg of coarse grained metallic aluminum material was produced.
S3, smelting the metallic aluminum material by using an intermediate frequency furnace
And (3) injecting aluminum liquid with the aluminum content of 99.70-99.85% into a position 1/2 of the total capacity of the intermediate frequency furnace with the capacity of 1t and the working frequency of 10000Hz at the temperature of 840 ℃. About 480kg of a coarse-grained metallic aluminum material was charged into 25 aluminum plate welding boxes of 200X 200mm. And placing the aluminum plate welding box filled with coarse-grained metallic aluminum materials into an intermediate frequency furnace, keeping the box body completely immersed in the aluminum liquid, and when the melt does not bubble, sequentially placing other aluminum plate welding boxes filled with coarse-grained metallic aluminum materials into the aluminum liquid according to the mode, wherein about 480kg of the aluminum liquid is added in total.
S4, refining and slagging off in the intermediate frequency furnace
Carrying out slagging-off operation on the melt in the intermediate frequency furnace by using a slagging-off spoon with a leakage hole of 8mm sprayed with zinc oxide powder, keeping the temperature at 745 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20min, mechanically and powerfully stirring for 8min by using a movable molten aluminum refining and degassing device (the stirrer head is made of a high-strength high-density high-purity graphite rod), introducing Ar gas for refining, continuously keeping the temperature for 20min, and removing dross on the surface of the melt by using the slagging-off spoon sprayed with the zinc oxide powder to ensure that the surface of the melt is a mirror surface.
S5, preparing aluminum-titanium alloy by adding extra-quality sponge titanium into intermediate frequency furnace
105 kg of dried, scaly sponge titanium (titanium content 95%) were added to an iron basket coated with zinc peroxide powder and preheated to 350-400 ℃.
And (4) putting the iron basket filled with the off-grade sponge titanium into the aluminum liquid, and after the off-grade sponge titanium is completely melted, continuing to put the next basket until all the sponge titanium is added. Keeping the temperature of the intermediate frequency furnace at 1360 ℃, then mechanically stirring for 7min by using a movable molten aluminum refining and degassing device, and simultaneously introducing Ar gas for refining. And continuously using a slag removing spoon sprayed with zinc oxide powder to remove dross on the surface of the melt and adhesive on the furnace wall. Keeping the temperature for 30min to finish the alloying of the aluminum liquid.
S6, pouring an ingot by using an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy;
preheating an aluminum ingot mould with the size of 100mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 30mm and the wall thickness of 30mm, sampling and detecting Al-Ti intermediate alloy components, detecting the titanium content in the alloy by a spectrometer to be 10.05%, controlling the furnace temperature of an intermediate frequency furnace to be 1390 ℃, pouring melt in the intermediate frequency furnace into the aluminum ingot mould, and simultaneously sampling in the pouring process for detecting the components by subsequent sampling.
S7, component detection
A100 mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 30mm Al-Ti10 intermediate alloy ingot is selected from three approximate pouring intervals of pouring beginning, pouring middle and pouring ending, three points are respectively sampled on the upper surface and the lower surface, and the titanium content component is detected, which is detailed in Table 3.
Example 4:
a method for preparing an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy by extracting metallic aluminum from aluminum ash slag comprises the following steps:
s1, extracting simple substance aluminum from aluminum ash
The bag is cut manually to 3 tons of (about 2.4 tons) aluminium ashes, the aluminium ashes less than 40mm enters into the blanking stock bin through the blanking grate (aperture 40 x 40 mm), then is lifted to the buffer stock bin (3 m x 3 m) through the bucket elevator, the electric gate valve is arranged under the buffer stock bin, the materials enter into the vibrating feeder through the electric gate valve, and are evenly fed to the phi 1500 x 5700 ball mill by the vibrating feeder.
S2, screening out metallic aluminum materials by using a drum screen
After the aluminum ash is ground by a ball mill, the aluminum ash is conveyed to a double-layer drum sieve with the diameter of 1.5 multiplied by 5m by a screw conveyer of the screw conveyer. The material was classified into 3 particle sizes by trommel screening, wherein about 495kg of coarse grained metallic aluminum material was produced.
S3, smelting the metallic aluminum material by using an intermediate frequency furnace
And (3) injecting aluminum liquid with the aluminum content of 99.70-99.85% into a position 1/2 of the total capacity of the intermediate frequency furnace with the capacity of 1t and the working frequency of 10000Hz at the temperature of 820 ℃. About 480kg of a coarse-grained metallic aluminum material was charged into 25 aluminum plate welding boxes of 200X 200mm. And placing the aluminum plate welding box filled with coarse-grained metallic aluminum materials into an intermediate frequency furnace, keeping the box body completely immersed in the aluminum liquid, and when the melt does not bubble, sequentially placing other aluminum plate welding boxes filled with coarse-grained metallic aluminum materials into the aluminum liquid according to the mode, wherein about 480kg of the aluminum liquid is added in total.
S4, refining and slagging off in the intermediate frequency furnace
Carrying out slagging-off operation on the melt in the intermediate frequency furnace by using a slagging-off spoon with a leakage hole of 8mm sprayed with zinc oxide powder, keeping the temperature at 730 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20min, mechanically and powerfully stirring for 5min by using a movable molten aluminum refining and degassing device (the stirrer head is made of a high-strength high-density high-purity graphite rod), introducing Ar gas for refining, continuously keeping the temperature for 20min, removing dross on the surface of the melt by using the slagging-off spoon sprayed with the zinc oxide powder, and ensuring that the surface of the melt is a mirror surface.
S5, preparing aluminum-titanium alloy by adding extra-quality sponge titanium into intermediate frequency furnace
105 kg of dried, scaly sponge titanium (titanium content 95%) were added to an iron basket coated with zinc peroxide powder and preheated to 350-400 ℃.
And (4) putting the iron basket filled with the off-grade sponge titanium into the aluminum liquid, and after the off-grade sponge titanium is completely melted, continuing to put the next basket until all the sponge titanium is added. Keeping the temperature of the intermediate frequency furnace above 1300 ℃, then mechanically stirring for 8min by using a movable molten aluminum refining and degassing device, and simultaneously introducing Ar gas for refining. And continuously using a slag removing spoon sprayed with zinc oxide powder to remove dross on the surface of the melt and adhesive on the furnace wall. Keeping the temperature for 30min to finish the alloying of the aluminum liquid.
S6, pouring an ingot by using an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy;
preheating an aluminum ingot mould with the size of 100mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 30mm and the wall thickness of 30mm, sampling and detecting the components of the Al-Ti intermediate alloy, detecting the titanium content in the alloy by a spectrometer to be 9.92%, controlling the furnace temperature of an intermediate frequency furnace to be 1300 ℃, pouring the melt in the intermediate frequency furnace into the aluminum ingot mould, and simultaneously sampling in the pouring process for detecting the components by subsequent sampling.
S7, component detection
A100 mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 30mm Al-Ti10 intermediate alloy ingot is selected from three approximate pouring intervals of pouring beginning, pouring middle and pouring ending, three points are respectively sampled on the upper surface and the lower surface, and the titanium content component is detected, which is detailed in Table 4.
Example 5:
a method for preparing an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy by extracting metal aluminum from aluminum ash comprises the following steps:
s1, extracting simple substance aluminum from aluminum ash slag
The bag is cut manually to 3 tons of (about 2.4 tons) aluminium ashes, the aluminium ashes less than 40mm enters into the blanking stock bin through the blanking grate (aperture 40 x 40 mm), then is lifted to the buffer stock bin (3 m x 3 m) through the bucket elevator, the electric gate valve is arranged under the buffer stock bin, the materials enter into the vibrating feeder through the electric gate valve, and are evenly fed to the phi 1500 x 5700 ball mill by the vibrating feeder.
S2, screening out metallic aluminum materials by using a drum screen
After the aluminum ash is ground by a ball mill, the aluminum ash is conveyed to a double-layer drum sieve with the diameter of 1.5 multiplied by 5m by a screw conveyer of the screw conveyer. The material was classified into 3 particle sizes by drum screening, wherein about 500kg of coarse grained metallic aluminum material was produced.
S3, smelting the metallic aluminum material by using an intermediate frequency furnace
And (3) injecting aluminum liquid with the aluminum content of 99.70-99.85% into a position 1/2 of the total capacity of the intermediate frequency furnace with the capacity of 1t and the working frequency of 10000Hz at the temperature of 850 ℃. About 480kg of a coarse-grained metallic aluminum material was charged into 25 aluminum plate welding boxes of 200X 200mm. And placing the aluminum plate welding box filled with coarse-grained metallic aluminum materials into an intermediate frequency furnace, keeping the box body completely immersed in the aluminum liquid, and when the melt does not bubble, sequentially placing other aluminum plate welding boxes filled with coarse-grained metallic aluminum materials into the aluminum liquid according to the mode, wherein about 480kg of the aluminum liquid is added in total.
S4, refining and slagging off in the intermediate frequency furnace
Carrying out slagging-off operation on the melt in the intermediate frequency furnace by using a slagging-off spoon with a leakage hole of 8mm sprayed with zinc oxide powder, keeping the temperature at 750 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20min, mechanically and powerfully stirring for 8min by using a movable molten aluminum refining and degassing device (the stirrer head is made of a high-strength, high-density and high-purity graphite rod), introducing Ar gas for refining, continuously keeping the temperature for 20min, removing dross on the surface of the melt by using the slagging-off spoon sprayed with the zinc oxide powder, and ensuring that the surface of the melt is a mirror surface.
S5, preparing aluminum-titanium alloy by adding extra-quality sponge titanium into intermediate frequency furnace
105 kg of dried, scaly sponge titanium (titanium content 95%) were added to an iron basket coated with zinc peroxide powder and preheated to 350-400 ℃.
And (4) putting the iron basket filled with the off-grade sponge titanium into the aluminum liquid, and after the off-grade sponge titanium is completely melted, continuing to put the next basket until all the sponge titanium is added. Keeping the temperature of the intermediate frequency furnace above 1380 ℃, then mechanically stirring for 8min by using a movable molten aluminum refining and degassing device, and simultaneously introducing Ar gas for refining. And continuously using a slag-raking spoon coated with zinc oxide powder to remove dross on the surface of the melt and adhesive on the furnace wall. Keeping the temperature for 30min to finish the alloying of the aluminum liquid.
S6, pouring an ingot by using an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy;
preheating an aluminum ingot mould with the size of 100mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 30mm and the wall thickness of 30mm, sampling and detecting the components of the Al-Ti intermediate alloy, detecting the titanium content in the alloy by a spectrometer to be 10.05%, controlling the furnace temperature of an intermediate frequency furnace to be 1390 ℃, pouring melt in the intermediate frequency furnace into the aluminum ingot mould, and simultaneously sampling in the pouring process for detecting the components by subsequent sampling.
S7, component detection
A100 mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 30mm Al-Ti10 intermediate alloy ingot is selected from three approximate pouring intervals of pouring beginning, pouring middle and pouring ending, three points are respectively sampled on the upper surface and the lower surface, and the titanium content component is detected, which is detailed in Table 5.
Claims (9)
1. A method for preparing an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy by extracting metal aluminum from aluminum ash is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, extracting simple substance aluminum in aluminum ash:
selecting aluminum ash generated by a casting process in the electrolytic aluminum ingot casting process, screening the aluminum ash with the particle size of less than 40mm, feeding the aluminum ash into a blanking bin, lifting the aluminum ash to a buffer bin through a bucket elevator, arranging an electric gate valve, feeding the materials into a vibrating feeder through the electric gate valve arranged below the buffer bin, and uniformly feeding the materials into a ball mill for grinding through the vibrating feeder;
s2, screening out the metal aluminum material by a drum screen:
conveying the aluminum ash obtained by grinding in the step S1 to a double-layer rotary screen through a screw conveyor of a screw conveyor, and dividing the aluminum ash into coarse-particle metallic aluminum materials, fine-particle metallic aluminum materials and secondary aluminum ash;
s3, smelting a metallic aluminum material:
heating aluminum liquid with the aluminum content of 99.70% -99.85% to the temperature of 820 ℃ -850 ℃, injecting 1/2 of the total capacity of the intermediate frequency furnace with the capacity of 1T and the working frequency of 10000Hz, respectively adding coarse-particle metal aluminum materials obtained by S2 into a plurality of aluminum plate welding boxes, welding and sealing the aluminum plate welding boxes into a closed cube, then placing the closed aluminum plate welding boxes into the intermediate frequency furnace, keeping the box bodies all immersed in the aluminum liquid, and continuously and sequentially placing the rest closed aluminum plate welding boxes into the intermediate frequency furnace when the melt does not bubble any more;
s4, refining and slagging off in the furnace:
after a slagging-off spoon sprayed with zinc oxide powder is used for slagging-off the melt in the intermediate frequency furnace, heating to 730-750 ℃, preserving heat for 20min, stirring for 5-8min by using a movable molten aluminum refining and degassing device, simultaneously introducing Ar gas for refining, heating to 730-750 ℃, preserving heat for 20min, and removing dross on the surface of the melt by using the slagging-off spoon sprayed with zinc oxide powder, wherein the surface of the melt is a mirror surface;
s5, adding other external sponge titanium to prepare the aluminum-titanium alloy:
(1) Treating the external product titanium sponge:
drying off the off-grade sponge titanium with the titanium content of 95%, putting the off-grade sponge titanium into a plurality of iron baskets coated with zinc peroxide powder, and putting the iron baskets on a heating plate to preheat the titanium sponge to 350-400 ℃;
(2) Alloying aluminum liquid:
putting an iron basket filled with the off-grade sponge titanium into aluminum liquid, continuously putting the rest baskets in sequence after the off-grade sponge titanium is completely melted until the addition of the off-grade sponge titanium is completely finished and the addition amount is calculated according to the alloy component proportion, removing dross on the surface of a melt and bonding substances at a furnace wall by using a skimming spoon coated with zinc oxide powder, heating the temperature of a medium-frequency furnace to be above 1300 ℃, stirring for 5-8min by using a movable aluminum liquid refining and degassing device, introducing Ar gas for refining, removing the dross on the surface of the melt and the bonding substances at the furnace wall by using the skimming spoon coated with the zinc oxide powder, heating to be above 1300 ℃, preserving the temperature for 30min, finishing alloying aluminum liquid, and detecting Al-Ti intermediate alloy components;
s6, casting ingots:
keeping the furnace temperature of the intermediate frequency furnace at 1300-1400 ℃, manufacturing an aluminum ingot mold, coating zinc oxide powder for preheating, and pouring the melt in the intermediate frequency furnace into the aluminum ingot mold;
s7, component detection:
selecting an Al-Ti10 intermediate alloy ingot with the thickness of 100mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 30mm from a pouring interval respectively at the beginning, the middle stage and the end of each smelting furnace pouring, selecting three points on the upper surface and the lower surface of the Al-Ti10 intermediate alloy ingot for sampling respectively, detecting the titanium content components of each sampling point, and piling up qualified products when the titanium content deviation of each sampling point is within 0.5 percent; when the titanium content of each sampling point is higher than 10.5% or lower than 9.5%, the Al-Ti intermediate alloy is marked for independent stacking.
2. The method for preparing an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy by extracting metallic aluminum from aluminous ash as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in S2, the coarse-particle metallic aluminum material is larger than 22 meshes, the fine-particle metallic aluminum material is 22-100 meshes, and the secondary aluminum ash is smaller than 100 meshes.
3. The method for preparing an aluminum-titanium master alloy from aluminum ash extracted from metallic aluminum according to claim 1 or 2, which comprises the following steps: and the Fe content of the aluminum liquid in the S3 is lower than 0.13 percent.
4. The method for preparing an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy by extracting aluminum metal from aluminum ash as claimed in claim 3, wherein: in S3, in addition to the aluminum liquid, 400kg of coarse-grained metallic aluminum materials are added into the intermediate frequency furnace.
5. The method for preparing an aluminum-titanium master alloy by extracting aluminum metal from aluminous ash as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the size of the aluminum plate welding box in S3 is 200mm multiplied by 200mm.
6. The method for preparing an aluminum-titanium master alloy by extracting aluminum metal from aluminous ash as claimed in claim 5, wherein: the aluminum ingot mold in S6 is a cast iron aluminum ingot mold with the thickness of 100mm multiplied by 60mm multiplied by 30 mm.
7. The method for preparing an aluminum-titanium intermediate alloy by extracting aluminum metal from aluminous ash as claimed in claim 6, wherein: and S4, the leakage hole of the slag removing spoon is 8mm.
8. The method for preparing an aluminum-titanium master alloy by extracting aluminum metal from aluminous ash as claimed in claim 7, wherein: and (4) and (5) adopting a high-strength, high-density and high-purity graphite rod as a stirrer head material of the movable molten aluminum refining and degassing device.
9. The method for preparing an aluminum-titanium master alloy by extracting aluminum metal from aluminum ash as claimed in claim 8, wherein: the double-layer rotary screen in the S2 adopts a diameter of 1.5 multiplied by 5m.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2003096523A (en) * | 2001-09-21 | 2003-04-03 | Koji Takeuchi | Method for treating residual ash of aluminum |
| CN113737005A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-03 | 衢州市荣胜环保科技有限公司 | Method for utilizing aluminum ash processing resources |
| CN114606389A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-06-10 | 赵立家 | Efficient and clean secondary aluminum ash harmless treatment method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2003096523A (en) * | 2001-09-21 | 2003-04-03 | Koji Takeuchi | Method for treating residual ash of aluminum |
| CN113737005A (en) * | 2021-09-16 | 2021-12-03 | 衢州市荣胜环保科技有限公司 | Method for utilizing aluminum ash processing resources |
| CN114606389A (en) * | 2022-03-09 | 2022-06-10 | 赵立家 | Efficient and clean secondary aluminum ash harmless treatment method |
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