CN115491013A - Flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
Flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C08J2427/12—Characterised by the use of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by a halogen; Derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment containing fluorine atoms
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Abstract
The invention discloses a flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition, and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of high polymer materials. The flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50-90 parts of polycarbonate resin; 10-50 parts of glass fiber; 4-8 parts of a phosphorus flame retardant; 0.2-2 parts of anti-dripping agent; 0-3 parts of processing aid; the glass fiber comprises round glass fiber and flat glass fiber, and the mass ratio of the round glass fiber to the flat glass fiber is 1: (0.03-0.3); the flat ratio of the flat glass fibers is 1: (3-4). The flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition disclosed by the invention effectively improves the ball pressure temperature of the polycarbonate composition through the synergistic effect of the flat glass fiber and the round glass fiber, and has good flame retardant property.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of high polymer materials, and in particular relates to a flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition, and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
Glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate has excellent characteristics of high strength, high rigidity, high heat resistance, good dimensional stability and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of household appliances, consumer electronics, medical appliances and the like. The development of the industry puts higher and higher requirements on the performance of materials, and many industries require the materials to meet the requirements of thin-wall flame retardance and high ball pressure temperature.
At present, sulfonate flame retardant and phosphorus flame retardant are commonly used halogen-free flame retardant in glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate. The selectable sulfonate flame retardant comprises potassium perfluorobutyl sulfonate, potassium benzenesulfonyl benzenesulfonate, sodium p-toluenesulfonate and the like, and the sulfonate flame retardant has a good flame-retardant effect when being added in a small amount and has small influence on the heat resistance of the glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate.
The phosphorus flame retardant generally comprises bisphenol A bis (phenyl phosphate), hexaphenoxy cyclotriphosphazene and the like, and although the flame retardant efficiency is low, the thin-wall flame retardant effect can be achieved only by adding a large amount of the phosphorus flame retardant. However, the phosphorus flame retardant is a small molecule and has a significant plasticizing effect, so that the ball pressure temperature of the material is remarkably reduced. Moreover, the glass fiber in the glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate can further aggravate the contradiction between flame retardance and heat resistance: on one hand, the glass fiber can generate a candlewick effect, so that the flame retardance of a system is more difficult to realize, and the flame retardance can be improved only by adding more flame retardants; on the other hand, in the process of testing the ball pressure temperature, the glass fiber can slide under the plasticizing action of the flame retardant and drive surrounding molecular chains to move, so that the ball pressure temperature of the material is further reduced. Therefore, it is difficult to simultaneously increase the high-ball-pressure temperature and the thin-wall flame retardance in the glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate system.
The prior art discloses a high-performance glass fiber reinforced PC material, which comprises polycarbonate and glass fiber, wherein a hypophosphite flame retardant is added to compound a phosphorus-nitrogen flame retardant, the flame retardant grade reaches V0 grade under the condition of 2-4% of addition amount, the heat deformation temperature can reach 130 ℃, and the problem that the flame retardant has great influence on the heat deformation temperature of the material is solved.
Although both the heat distortion temperature and the ball pressure temperature are related to heat resistance, the heat distortion temperature and the ball pressure temperature have different emphasis points and different testing methods, and the aimed application products are also different.
The load heat distortion temperature is called Heat Distortion Temperature (HDT) for short, and is mainly used for evaluating the rigidity (elastic modulus) of an automobile, an instrument, an insulating part of electronics, a moving part and the like (such as an automobile bumper) in a high-temperature state. The test for testing the heat distortion temperature is a simple mechanical model with 3 points as supports and a load applied in the vertical direction, and is similar to a bending test. Flexural modulus is a measure of the breaking load at a constant strain rate. In contrast, the heat distortion temperature is a temperature at which a set distortion amount is reached by uniformly increasing the temperature (2 ℃/m 22) in a state where a constant load (1.8 MPa) is applied. It has the characteristics of short time, weak heating and small load.
And the hot ball pressure test is mainly used for evaluating the heat resistance of materials (such as power supply adapters, touch switches and the like) which are contacted with electronic appliances and used as support charged components. Under high temperature conditions, the structural characteristics of the polymer material can be changed substantially, such as melting or softening, so that the physical and mechanical strength is reduced rapidly, and the quality and the use safety of the electric appliance product are directly affected, therefore, the hot ball pressure test requires that the material has a good support structure under the conditions of continuous high temperature and long-term heating. Compared with the thermal deformation temperature, the ball pressure temperature has the characteristics of long time, strong heating and large load. In addition, the heat distortion temperature reflects the overall deformability of the material, and the load acts on the whole sample strip; whereas the ball pressure temperature is a local effect.
That is to say, the hot ball pressure test conditions are more severe than the thermal deformation temperature test, the difficulty of the hot ball pressure test is higher, and the test results of the hot ball pressure test and the hot ball pressure test are not in an equivalent relationship.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of overcoming the defects and defects that the thin-wall flame retardant property and the ball pressure temperature of the existing polycarbonate material cannot be simultaneously improved, and provides a flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition.
The invention also aims to provide application of the flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition in preparing electronic and electric supports or lithium battery shells.
The above purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
the glass fiber comprises round glass fiber and flat glass fiber, and the mass ratio of the round glass fiber to the flat glass fiber is 1: (0.03-0.3);
the flat ratio of the flat glass fiber is 1: (3-4).
The aspect ratio refers to the ratio of the cross-sectional width to the cross-sectional length of the glass fiber.
The flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition comprises round glass fibers and flat glass fibers, wherein the flat glass fibers can obstruct and disturb the parallel orientation arrangement of the round glass fibers, and promote the formation of a disordered lapped glass fiber network structure, the disordered lapped glass fiber network structure can weaken the candle wick effect of the round glass fibers, and the flame retardant property can be improved without adding too much flame retardant.
And the flat glass fibers are difficult to slide, and can be dispersed among the round glass fibers to play an anchoring role, so that the round glass fibers in the resin are prevented from migrating under the conditions of high temperature and large load in a ball pressure test, and the material has high ball pressure temperature.
The mass ratio of the round glass fibers to the flat glass fibers has an influence on the flame retardant property and the ball pressure temperature of the composition, the mass ratio of the round glass fibers to the flat glass fibers is too small, namely the amount of the flat glass fibers is too large, the friction between the flat glass fibers is increased, the breakage is obvious, the remaining length of the flat glass fibers is short, the orientation arrangement and the anchoring effect of the round glass fibers cannot be effectively prevented, and therefore the ball pressure temperature of the composition cannot be increased.
The mass ratio of the round glass fibers to the flat glass fibers is too large, that is, the amount of the flat glass fibers is too small, the frictional fracture effect between the flat glass fibers is weak, the remaining length of the flat glass fibers is long, the flat glass fibers are easy to align and are small in number, the curve distribution and the anchoring effect of the round glass fibers cannot be effectively hindered, and therefore, the ball pressure temperature of the composition cannot be increased.
The flat ratio of the flat glass fiber is too large, the shape is closer to the round glass fiber, the self-sliding is easy to occur, the flat surface is narrower, the blocking effect on the round glass fiber is not obvious, and therefore the ball pressure temperature of the composition cannot be obviously improved.
The flat glass fiber has too small a flatness ratio, is closer to a sheet shape, has poor strength, and is easily crushed in an extrusion process, and thus cannot play a role in blocking and anchoring the round glass fiber.
In order to further improve the flame retardant property and the ball pressure temperature of the composition at the same time, the mass ratio of the round glass fibers and the flat glass fibers is preferably 1: (0.05-0.15).
In order to further improve the flame retardant property and the ball pressure temperature of the composition at the same time, it is preferable that the average remaining length of the flat glass fibers in the composition is 50 to 150 μm.
Still more preferably, the average retention length of the flat glass fibers in the composition is 60 to 120 μm.
Preferably, in the composition, the average retention length of the round glass fibers is 200 to 400 μm.
The average retention length of the round glass fiber influences the flame retardance and the ball pressure temperature of the composition, and the candle wick effect is more obvious when the average retention length is too long, so that the flame retardance can be reduced; if the average retention length is too short, slippage is more likely, and the ball pressure temperature is lowered.
Preferably, in the composition, the average diameter of the round glass fibers is 9 to 13 μm.
Preferably, the phosphorus flame retardant is a phosphazene flame retardant and/or a phosphate flame retardant. (bisphenol A bis (phenyl phosphate) belongs to phosphate flame retardants)
The phosphazene flame retardant is hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene.
The phosphate flame retardant is bisphenol A bis (phenyl phosphate) and/or resorcinol bis (diphenyl phosphate).
The anti-dripping agent is polytetrafluoroethylene.
Preferably, the processing aid is an antioxidant and/or a lubricant, and the antioxidant is a hindered phenol antioxidant.
The antioxidant can improve the antioxidant effect of the flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition, and the lubricant can improve the lubricating effect of the flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition.
In practical applications, the average molecular weight of the polycarbonate resin may be 20000 to 50000.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition, which comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing polycarbonate resin and flat glass fibers, and extruding and granulating by using a double-screw extruder to obtain a glass fiber movement inhibitor;
s2, uniformly mixing the polycarbonate resin, the glass fiber movement inhibitor and other components, performing melt extrusion at the temperature of 210-250 ℃ through a double-screw extruder, granulating, and drying to obtain the flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition;
wherein the mass ratio of the polycarbonate resin to the flat glass fibers in S1 is (1;
the mass ratio of the polycarbonate resin in S1 to the polycarbonate resin in S2 is (0.1-0.2): 1.
the flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition prepared by the invention has good flame retardance and high ball pressure temperature, can be widely applied to preparation of plastic products, and particularly protects the application of the flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition in preparation of electronic and electrical supports or lithium battery shells.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention discloses a flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition, which comprises polycarbonate resin, glass fiber, a phosphorus flame retardant, an anti-dripping agent and a processing aid, wherein the ball pressure temperature of the polycarbonate composition is effectively increased through the synergistic effect of flat glass fiber and round glass fiber, and the polycarbonate composition also has good flame retardant property.
The flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition can achieve the flame-retardant grade of V0 and the ball pressure temperature of more than 115 ℃.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments in any way. The starting reagents employed in the examples of the present invention are, unless otherwise specified, those that are conventionally purchased.
Polycarbonate resin 1: PC 1300 10NP, average molecular weight 35000, korea LG Chemicals, inc.;
polycarbonate resin 2: PC 1300 03NP, average molecular weight 48000, LG chemical ltd, korea;
polycarbonate resin 3: PC 1300 22NP, average molecular weight 20500, korean LG chemical ltd;
glass fiber A1: round glass fiber, ECS11-3.0-T435N, average diameter 10 μm, china megalithic corporation;
glass fiber A2: round glass fiber, ECS07-03-508A, average diameter 7.5 μm, megashi Kagaku Co., ltd, china;
glass fiber B1: flat glass fiber, with a designation of ECS301HP-3-M3, with a flatness ratio of 1;
glass fiber B2: flat glass fiber, with the mark of ECS301HP-3-M4, the flat ratio of 1;
glass fiber B3: flat glass fibers, brand TFG-3.0-T4355, with a aspect ratio of 1;
glass fiber B4: flat glass fiber, no. NITTO CSH3PA-870, aspect ratio 1;
phosphorus flame retardant 1: hexaphenoxycyclotriphosphazene, brand FP-110T, manufactured by japan;
phosphorus flame retardant 2: bisphenol A bis (phenyl phosphate) with the brand number FP-600, manufactured by Aidic;
phosphorus flame retardant 3: resorcinol bis (diphenyl phosphate) under the trademark WSFR-RDP, manufactured in ten thousand holdings;
anti-dripping agent: polytetrafluoroethylene, commercially available and the same for all examples and comparative examples;
lubricant: a stearate-based lubricant, commercially available and the same for all examples and comparative examples;
antioxidant: hindered phenolic antioxidants, commercially available and of the same type for all examples and comparative examples.
Examples 1 to 16
The flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
a polycarbonate resin; glass fibers; a phosphorus-based flame retardant; anti-dripping agents and processing aids, wherein the specific contents of each component are shown in the following table 1.
TABLE 1 flame retardant compositions of glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate compositions (in parts by weight)
TABLE 1:
the preparation method of the flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition comprises the following steps:
s1, uniformly mixing polycarbonate resin and flat glass fibers, and extruding and granulating by using a double-screw extruder to obtain a glass fiber movement inhibitor;
s2, uniformly mixing the polycarbonate resin, the glass fiber movement inhibitor and other components, performing melt extrusion at the temperature of 210-250 ℃ through a double-screw extruder, granulating, and drying to obtain the flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition;
wherein the round glass fiber is added from a side feeding port of the double-screw extruder;
wherein the mass ratio of the polycarbonate resin to the flat glass fibers in S1 is (1;
the mass ratio of the polycarbonate resin in S1 to the polycarbonate resin in S2 is 0.1:1;
wherein the length-diameter ratio of the screw is 45.
Example 17
A flame retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition, which comprises the same amount of the components as in example 1, and is prepared by a method different from the method in example 1:
uniformly mixing all the components, adding the components from a main feeding port of a double-screw extruder, melting and extruding at the temperature of 210-250 ℃, granulating, and drying to obtain the flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition;
wherein the round glass fiber is added from a side feeding port of the double-screw extruder;
wherein the length-diameter ratio of the screw is 45.
Comparative examples 1 to 6
The flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition comprises the following components in parts by weight:
a polycarbonate resin; glass fibers; a phosphorus-based flame retardant; anti-dripping agents and processing aids, wherein the specific contents of each component are shown in the following table 2.
TABLE 2 flame retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate compositions (in parts by weight)
| Components | Comparative example 1 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | Comparative example 4 | Comparative example 5 | Comparative example 6 |
| Polycarbonate resin 1 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 | 85 |
| Glass fiber A1 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 | 15 |
| Glass fiber B1 | / | 0.2 | 6 | / | / | / |
| Glass fiber B4 | / | / | / | / | / | 1 |
| Phosphorus flame retardant 1 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 2 | 8 | 6 |
| Anti-dripping agent | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| Antioxidant agent | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
The preparation method of the flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition is the same as that of the flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate compositions in examples 1 to 16.
Result detection
The flame retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate compositions of the above examples and comparative examples were tested by the following performance test methods:
(1) Flame retardant rating: the flammability test was carried out according to the protocol "flammability test of Plastic materials, UL 94-2019". Flame retardant ratings are derived based on the rate of burning, the time to extinguish, the ability to resist dripping, and whether dripping is burning. Samples used for the test: 125mm length 13mm width, the thickness of the invention when tested is selected to be 2.0mm, and the flame retardant rating of the material can be classified as UL 94V 0, V1, V2, etc. according to UL94 regulations.
(2) Ball pressure temperature: a4 mm thick 40mm diameter wafer sample is used to test the ball pressure temperature according to the IEC60695-10-2-2003 standard method.
(3) Determination of the glass fiber Retention Length L in the flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition: the glass fiber retention length (average) in the material was determined according to the ISO 22314-2006 standard method.
(4) Tensile strength: testing the tensile strength according to ISO 527-1-2019 standard, wherein the tensile speed is 10mm/m22;
the specific detection results are described in table 3 below:
from the data, the flame retardant performance of the flame retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition can reach V0 level, and the ball pressure temperature can reach over 115 ℃.
It should be understood that the above-described embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. This need not be, nor should it be exhaustive of all embodiments. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
the glass fiber comprises round glass fiber and flat glass fiber, and the mass ratio of the round glass fiber to the flat glass fiber is 1: (0.03-0.3);
the flat ratio of the flat glass fiber is 1: (3-4).
2. The flame retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the round glass fibers to the flat glass fibers is 1: (0.05-0.15).
3. The flame retardant fiberglass-reinforced polycarbonate composition of claim 1, wherein the average retention length of the flat glass fibers in the composition is from 50 to 150 μm.
4. The flame retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition of claim 1, wherein the average retention length of the flat glass fibers in the composition is 60 to 120 μm.
5. The flame retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition of claim 1, wherein the round glass fibers in the composition have an average retention length of 200 to 400 μm.
6. The flame retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition of claim 1, wherein the round glass fibers in the composition have an average diameter of 9 to 13 μm.
7. The flame retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition of claim 1, wherein the phosphorus-based flame retardant is a phosphazene flame retardant.
8. The flame retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition of claim 1, wherein the processing aid is an antioxidant and/or a lubricant, and the antioxidant is a hindered phenol antioxidant.
9. The method for preparing the flame retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition of any of claims 1 to 8, comprising the steps of:
s1, uniformly mixing polycarbonate resin and flat glass fibers, and extruding and granulating by using a double-screw extruder to obtain a glass fiber movement inhibitor;
s2, uniformly mixing the polycarbonate resin, the glass fiber movement inhibitor and other components, performing melt extrusion at the temperature of 210-250 ℃ through a double-screw extruder, granulating, and drying to obtain the flame-retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition;
wherein the mass ratio of the polycarbonate resin to the flat glass fibers in S1 is (1;
the mass ratio of the polycarbonate resin in S1 to the polycarbonate resin in S2 is (0.1-0.2): 1.
10. use of the flame retardant glass fiber reinforced polycarbonate composition of any one of claims 1 to 8 for the preparation of an electrical and electronic stent or a lithium battery housing.
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| WO2020054223A1 (en) * | 2018-09-10 | 2020-03-19 | 住化ポリカーボネート株式会社 | Fiber-reinforced polycarbonate resin composition |
| CN113801452A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2021-12-17 | 汉达精密电子(昆山)有限公司 | High-performance glass fiber reinforced PC material and product thereof |
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