CN115489179B - Aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and heat insulation performance and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and heat insulation performance and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115489179B CN115489179B CN202211431357.6A CN202211431357A CN115489179B CN 115489179 B CN115489179 B CN 115489179B CN 202211431357 A CN202211431357 A CN 202211431357A CN 115489179 B CN115489179 B CN 115489179B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C44/00—Shaping by internal pressure generated in the material, e.g. swelling or foaming ; Producing porous or cellular expanded plastics articles
- B29C44/34—Auxiliary operations
- B29C44/3442—Mixing, kneading or conveying the foamable material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
- B29C65/48—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding
- B29C65/52—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using adhesives, i.e. using supplementary joining material; solvent bonding characterised by the way of applying the adhesive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/04—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B15/046—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising metal as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of foam
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/18—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by features of a layer of foamed material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L75/00—Compositions of polyureas or polyurethanes; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L75/04—Polyurethanes
- C08L75/08—Polyurethanes from polyethers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2266/00—Composition of foam
- B32B2266/02—Organic
- B32B2266/0214—Materials belonging to B32B27/00
- B32B2266/0278—Polyurethane
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
- B32B2307/304—Insulating
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of composite boards, and discloses an aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and heat insulation properties and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and insulation properties comprises the following steps: mixing polyether polyol, a foaming catalyst, a surfactant, deionized water and paraffin to obtain a component A; mixing and stirring the component A and polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate to obtain a mixed raw material, foaming the mixed raw material by a foaming device, and then forming, curing and cutting to obtain a polyurethane insulation board; and coating an adhesive on the inner surface of the aluminum plate, placing the polyurethane heat-insulating plate on the inner surface of the aluminum plate coated with the adhesive, and performing compression molding to obtain the aluminum-based composite plate with high heat insulation. The aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and insulation performance prepared by the invention has excellent heat preservation and insulation performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite boards, in particular to an aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and heat insulation performance and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The development of human civilization is closely related to the improvement of material performance, along with the rapid development of scientific technology in recent years, especially the rapid advance of advanced scientific technology, people also put forward more and more rigorous requirements on the performance of materials, and the development of fields from sports equipment, engineering equipment, information technology, energy technology, biotechnology, transportation, military weapons, aerospace and the like is very closely dependent on the development of new materials, and simultaneously, higher requirements are put forward on various properties of the new materials. As a traditional material, such as a single metal, a ceramic material, a polymer and other engineering materials, the requirement of rapid development of modern science and technology is difficult to meet due to the limitation of single performance. In order to overcome the defect of single performance of the traditional material, and simultaneously retain the excellent characteristics of various materials, and obtain the special performance and good comprehensive performance meeting various special production requirements, various novel composite materials are produced, and the development of science and technology increasingly depends on the novel composite materials.
For example, chinese patent CN110322987B discloses a carbon nanotube reinforced multilayer aluminum matrix composite material, a preparation method and an application thereof, the method comprising: 1) Carrying out alkali liquor and acid liquor treatment on the surface of an aluminum substrate, then cleaning and drying the surface of the aluminum substrate, and then carrying out polishing pretreatment on the surface of the obtained aluminum substrate, 2) carrying out acidizing treatment on carbon nano tubes by using mixed acid, and then preparing the acidized carbon nano tubes into carbon nano tube suspension; 3) Placing the carbon nanotube suspension liquid obtained in the step 2) on the surface of the aluminum substrate polished in the step 1), and drying to obtain a carbon nanotube/aluminum single-layer composite plate; 4) Alternately stacking the composite plates obtained in the step 3), prepressing for forming, and then performing vacuum sintering; 5) And (4) rolling the product subjected to vacuum sintering in the step 4). The chinese patent CN110322987B uses carbon nanotubes as the enhancement layer between the multiple aluminum substrates, which can effectively improve the mechanical properties and conductivity of the multiple aluminum-based composite material, but the aluminum-based composite material obtained in chinese patent CN110322987B cannot be applied to the situation with requirements on thermal insulation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a preparation method of an aluminum-based composite plate with high heat preservation and insulation properties, which comprises the following steps:
preparing a polyurethane insulation board in step (1): mixing 60-90 parts of polyether polyol, 1.65-2.75 parts of foaming catalyst, 1.5-3.0 parts of non-hydrolytic surfactant, 2.2-2.8 parts of deionized water and 2-10 parts of paraffin in parts by mass, stirring to obtain a component A; mixing and stirring the component A and polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate according to the mass ratio of 100-150 to obtain a mixed raw material, carrying out foaming treatment on the mixed raw material through a foaming device, and then carrying out molding, curing and cutting to obtain a polyurethane insulation board;
step (2) preparing the aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and heat insulation properties: and (3) coating an adhesive on the inner surface of the aluminum plate, then placing the polyurethane heat-insulating plate on the inner surface of the aluminum plate coated with the adhesive, and performing compression molding to obtain the aluminum-based composite plate with high heat insulation performance.
Preferably, the thickness of the polyurethane insulation board is 2-5cm; the thickness of the aluminum plate is 0.1-1cm.
Preferably, in the step (1), the stirring conditions for preparing the component a are as follows: the stirring temperature is 20-30 ℃, the stirring speed is 300-500r/min, and the stirring time is 30-60min.
Preferably, in the step (1), the temperature for mixing and stirring the component A and the polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate is 20-30 ℃, the stirring speed is 300-500r/min, and the stirring time is 90-300s;
the molding temperature is 40-60 ℃;
the curing temperature is 25 ℃, and the curing time is 36h.
Preferably, the stirring speed during foaming is 800-1000r/min.
Preferably, in the step (2), the conditions for press forming are as follows: pressing at 25-45 deg.C and 0.25-0.3MPa for 5-10min.
Preferably, the aluminum-based composite board with high heat insulation performance is prepared by the preparation method of the aluminum-based composite board with high heat insulation performance.
The invention also provides a foaming device, which comprises a machine body and a foaming mechanism arranged on the machine body, wherein the foaming mechanism comprises a stirring barrel, stirring arms and air holes, the stirring barrel is arranged on both sides of the machine body, a plurality of stirring arms are arranged in the stirring barrel, the stirring arms in the stirring barrel on one side are attached to each other, the stirring arms are arranged in the stirring barrel in a crossed manner, a plurality of air holes are formed in the lower ends of the stirring arms, and the air holes are distributed on the adjacent surfaces of the stirring arms;
and ensuring that the stirring arms are in the stirring barrel for vertical stirring in a crossed manner, the opposite surfaces of the stirring arms can rub against each other, and the rubbing area contains the air hole.
Preferably, foaming mechanism still includes feed cylinder, top cap, base, ring gear, the equal fixed mounting in both sides of organism has the feed cylinder, the top of feed cylinder is open mouth, the equal bolt fastening in feed cylinder top has the top cap, the equal normal running fit of bottom has in the feed cylinder the base, equal fixed mounting has on the base the ring gear, equal fixed mounting has on the ring gear the agitator.
Preferably, equal fixed mounting has the dead lever in the feed cylinder, equal normal running fit has the screw rod on the dead lever, the screw rod all with the ring gear meshes mutually, the one end of screw rod all runs through the feed cylinder, the equal fixed mounting in one end of screw rod has the shaft coupling, the equal fixed mounting in both sides of organism has driving motor, driving motor's axle all with shaft coupling fixed mounting.
Preferably, a plurality of shaft levers are rotatably matched on two sides in the charging barrel, a first gear is fixedly mounted on the shaft lever on one side, a second gear is fixedly mounted on the shaft lever on the other side, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, stirring motors are fixedly mounted on the top cover, toothed belts are tensioned on the shaft of each stirring motor and the shaft levers, and the toothed belts penetrate through the top cover.
Preferably, the first gear with equal fixed mounting has the gangbar on the second gear, the gangbar is in first gear with be the symmetry setting on the second gear, on the first gear all normal running fit has first auxiliary arm on the gangbar, on the second gear all normal running fit has the second auxiliary arm on the gangbar, the top of first auxiliary arm with the top of second auxiliary arm all normal running fit.
Preferably, the lower end of the first auxiliary arm and the lower end of the second auxiliary arm are fixedly provided with the stirring arm, the upper end of the stirring arm is provided with an air pipe, the air pipe penetrates through the top cover, one end of the air pipe is communicated with the inside of the stirring arm, and the other end of the air pipe penetrates through the wall surface of the machine body.
Preferably, a discharging mechanism is further arranged on the machine body;
discharge mechanism includes bull stick, cantilever, holding ring, extension spring, normal running fit has on the organism the bull stick, the top fixed mounting of bull stick has the cantilever, is located bull stick one side the length ratio of cantilever is located the bull stick opposite side the length of cantilever is long, fixed mounting has on the bull stick the holding ring, holding ring and shorter one side be provided with between the cantilever the extension spring, the one end of extension spring with the holding ring links to each other, the other end of extension spring with shorter one side the cantilever links to each other.
Preferably, the longer one side cantilever bottom surface fixed mounting has a slide rail, sliding fit has the slider on the slide rail, slider bottom surface fixed mounting has the connecting rod, fixed mounting has the pump machine on the connecting rod, fixed mounting has ejection of compact shower nozzle on the discharge end of pump machine.
Preferably, the machine body is provided with a material pipe, one end of the material pipe penetrates through the wall surface of the machine body, the other end of the material pipe is limited on two sides of the cantilever, the other end of the material pipe is communicated with the feeding end of the pump machine, a support frame is fixedly mounted on the cantilever, pull ropes are arranged on two sides of the support frame, one end of each pull rope is connected with the support frame, and the other end of each pull rope is connected with the material pipe.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
in the preparation process of the aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and insulation properties, the polyurethane heat preservation board with excellent heat preservation and insulation properties is compounded with the aluminum board, so that the heat preservation and insulation properties of the aluminum board are greatly improved; furthermore, the phase-change material paraffin is added into the polyurethane insulation board, so that a better insulation effect can be achieved.
According to the foaming device, after mixed raw materials enter the stirring barrel, the crossed stirring arms respectively start to do vertical surface annular motion, the stirring barrel rotates to enable the stirring arms to stir the mixed raw materials in the stirring barrel, meanwhile, air holes blow out air to inject the air into the mixed raw materials to foam the mixed raw materials, the mixed raw materials can permeate into the air holes under the influence of the fact that the stirring arms stir the mixed raw materials all the time, once thick blockage is generated due to the fact that the size of the air holes is small, the blocked mixed raw materials cannot be completely sprayed out by air pressure of air flow, at the moment, the crossed stirring arms can rub with each other when the vertical surfaces do the annular motion, the arrangement area of the air holes is subjected to the effect of scraping, the mixed raw materials near the air holes are scraped, the blocking thickness of the mixed raw materials on the air holes is reduced, the air pressure of the air flow can spray the mixed raw materials in the air holes, the mixed raw materials in the air holes are kept to be dredged, the problem that the mixed raw materials block the air holes is effectively solved, and the quality of foaming treatment of the mixed raw materials is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the preparation process of the aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and insulation performance of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a preparation process of the polyurethane insulation board of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a comparative graph showing the thermal conductivity of the aluminum-based composite panel with high thermal insulation prepared in examples 1 to 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the distribution of the internal structure of the charging barrel of the foaming device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structural distribution of the foaming device at the base of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a structural distribution diagram of a foaming mechanism of the foaming device of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram showing the distribution of the structure of the discharging mechanism of the foaming device of the present invention;
fig. 8 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the foaming device of the present invention.
In the figure: 1. a body; 2. a foaming mechanism; 21. a charging barrel; 22. a top cover; 23. a base; 24. a ring gear; 25. a stirring barrel; 26. fixing the rod; 27. a screw; 28. a coupling; 29. a drive motor; 210. a shaft lever; 211. a first gear; 212. a second gear; 213. a stirring motor; 214. a toothed belt; 215. a linkage rod; 216. a first auxiliary arm; 217. a second auxiliary arm; 218. a stirring arm; 219. air holes; 220. an air tube; 3. a discharging mechanism; 31. a rotating rod; 32. a cantilever; 33. a positioning ring; 34. a tension spring; 35. a slide rail; 36. a slider; 37. a connecting rod; 38. a pump machine; 39. a discharge nozzle; 310. a material pipe; 311. a support frame; 312. and pulling a rope.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without any creative work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
Preparation method of aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and heat insulation performance
(1) Preparing a polyurethane insulation board:
according to the mass parts, stirring 30 parts of polyether polyol EP-330N, 30 parts of polyether polyol SU-450L, 0.15 part of foaming catalyst PC52, 1.5 parts of foaming catalyst NE300, 1.5 parts of non-hydrolytic surfactant L-580, 2.2 parts of deionized water and 2 parts of paraffin for 60min at the temperature of 20 ℃ and the stirring speed of 300r/min to obtain a component A;
mixing and stirring the component A and polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate according to the mass ratio of 100 to 130 to obtain a mixed raw material, stirring for 300s at the temperature of 20 ℃ and the stirring speed of 300r/min, foaming the mixed raw material by a foaming device, forming at 40 ℃, curing for 36h at 25 ℃, and cutting to obtain a polyurethane insulation board with the thickness of 2 cm; wherein the stirring speed during foaming is 800r/min;
(2) Preparing an aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and heat insulation properties:
coating an adhesive on the inner surface of an aluminum plate, then placing a polyurethane insulation board on the inner surface of the aluminum plate coated with the adhesive, and pressing and forming to obtain the aluminum-based composite board with high heat insulation; the conditions of the press forming are as follows: pressing at 25 deg.C and 0.25MPa for 10min.
Example 2
Preparation method of aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and heat insulation performance
(1) Preparing a polyurethane insulation board:
according to the mass parts, 45 parts of polyether polyol EP-330N, 45 parts of polyether polyol SU-450L, 0.25 part of foaming catalyst PC52, 2.5 parts of foaming catalyst NE300, 3.0 parts of non-hydrolytic surfactant L-580, 2.8 parts of deionized water and 10 parts of paraffin are stirred for 30min at the temperature of 30 ℃ and the stirring speed of 500r/min to obtain a component A;
mixing and stirring the component A and polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate according to the mass ratio of 100 to 150 to obtain a mixed raw material, stirring for 90s under the conditions that the temperature is 30 ℃ and the stirring speed is 500r/min, foaming the mixed raw material by a foaming device, forming at 60 ℃, curing for 36h at 25 ℃, and cutting to obtain a polyurethane insulation board with the thickness of 5cm; wherein the stirring speed during foaming is 1000r/min.
(2) Preparing an aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and heat insulation properties:
coating an adhesive on the inner surface of an aluminum plate, then placing a polyurethane insulation board on the inner surface of the aluminum plate coated with the adhesive, and performing compression molding to obtain the aluminum-based composite board with high heat insulation; wherein, the conditions of the compression molding are as follows: pressing at 45 deg.C and 0.3MPa for 5min.
Example 3
Preparation method of aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and heat insulation performance
(1) Preparing a polyurethane insulation board:
according to the mass parts, 34 parts of polyether polyol EP-330N, 34 parts of polyether polyol SU-450L, 0.18 part of foaming catalyst PC52, 1.8 parts of foaming catalyst NE300, 1.8 parts of non-hydrolytic surfactant L-580, 2.3 parts of deionized water and 4 parts of paraffin are stirred for 55min under the conditions that the temperature is 22 ℃ and the stirring speed is 340r/min to obtain a component A;
mixing and stirring the component A and polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate according to the mass ratio of 100 to 135 to obtain a mixed raw material, stirring for 140s under the conditions that the temperature is 22 ℃ and the stirring speed is 340r/min, foaming the mixed raw material by a foaming device, forming at 45 ℃, curing for 36h at 25 ℃, and cutting to obtain a polyurethane insulation board with the thickness of 2.5 cm; wherein the stirring speed during foaming is 850r/min.
(2) Preparing an aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and heat insulation properties:
coating an adhesive on the inner surface of an aluminum plate, then placing a polyurethane insulation board on the inner surface of the aluminum plate coated with the adhesive, and pressing and forming to obtain the aluminum-based composite board with high heat insulation; wherein, the conditions of the compression molding are as follows: pressing at 30 deg.C and 0.26MPa for 9min.
Example 4
Preparation method of aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and heat insulation performance
(1) Preparing a polyurethane insulation board:
according to the mass parts, 38 parts of polyether polyol EP-330N, 38 parts of polyether polyol SU-450L, 0.2 part of foaming catalyst PC52, 2 parts of foaming catalyst NE300, 2 parts of non-hydrolytic surfactant L-580, 2.5 parts of deionized water and 6 parts of paraffin are stirred for 50min under the conditions that the temperature is 24 ℃ and the stirring speed is 380r/min to obtain a component A;
mixing and stirring the component A and polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate according to the mass ratio of 100 to 140 to obtain a mixed raw material, stirring for 180s under the conditions that the temperature is 24 ℃ and the stirring speed is 380r/min, foaming the mixed raw material by a foaming device, forming at 50 ℃, curing for 36h at 25 ℃, and cutting to obtain a polyurethane insulation board with the thickness of 3 cm; wherein the stirring speed during foaming is 900r/min.
(2) Preparing an aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and heat insulation properties:
coating an adhesive on the inner surface of an aluminum plate, then placing a polyurethane insulation board on the inner surface of the aluminum plate coated with the adhesive, and pressing and forming to obtain the aluminum-based composite board with high heat insulation; wherein, the conditions of the compression molding are as follows: pressing at 35 deg.C and 0.27MPa for 7min.
Example 5
Preparation method of aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and heat insulation performance
(1) Preparing a polyurethane insulation board:
according to the mass parts, 41 parts of polyether polyol EP-330N, 41 parts of polyether polyol SU-450L, 0.21 part of foaming catalyst PC52, 2.1 parts of foaming catalyst NE300, 2.5 parts of non-hydrolytic surfactant L-580, 2.6 parts of deionized water and 8 parts of paraffin are stirred for 45min at the temperature of 26 ℃ and the stirring speed of 450r/min to obtain a component A;
mixing and stirring the component A and polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate according to the mass ratio of 100 to 145 to obtain a mixed raw material, stirring for 250s under the conditions that the temperature is 26 ℃ and the stirring speed is 450r/min, foaming the mixed raw material by a foaming device, forming at 55 ℃, curing for 36h at 25 ℃, and cutting to obtain a polyurethane insulation board with the thickness of 4 cm; wherein the stirring speed during foaming is 950r/min.
(2) Preparing an aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and heat insulation properties:
coating an adhesive on the inner surface of an aluminum plate, then placing a polyurethane insulation board on the inner surface of the aluminum plate coated with the adhesive, and performing compression molding to obtain the aluminum-based composite board with high heat insulation; wherein, the conditions of the compression molding are as follows: pressing at 40 deg.C and 0.28MPa for 6min.
The polyether polyol EP-330N in all the above examples has a hydroxyl value of 34mgKOH/g, a viscosity of 800-1000mp.s at 25 ℃, a moisture content of less than 0.05% and a functionality of 3, and is obtained from chemical engineering, inc. in Shandong Lanxingdong; polyether polyol SU-450L with a hydroxyl value of 450mgKOH/g, a viscosity of 6000-8000mp.s at 25 ℃, a moisture content of less than 0.10% and a functionality of 4.7, and is from Zibodner Federal chemical industries; the foaming catalyst PC52 is a low-odor foaming catalyst and is from Shanghai Michelia chemical technology Co., ltd; blowing catalyst NE300, a non-emissive blowing catalyst from bright day innovative materials (shanghai) ltd; the paraffin wax is ET38, is from New energy science and technology Limited company of Hebei Mimey, has the phase change temperature of 38 ℃ and the energy storage density of 230kJ/kg; polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanates from Hubei Yunwei science and technology Limited; the adhesive is ZBL-E103 special black adhesive from Fushan ZBILAO chemical technology Co., ltd; polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanates are available from cigarette platform, wanhua polyurethane, inc, type: wanhua PM200, dark brown liquid; the aluminum plate is from Wuxi Lelou metal materials Co., ltd, and the material is as follows: 1060, the components are: 99.5% of Al, 0.25% of Si, 0.05% of Cu, 0.03% of Mg, 0.05% of Zn, 0.03% of Mn, 0.03% of Ti, 0.05% of V and 0.35% of Fe, and the thickness is 0.5cm.
Testing I and testing thermal conductivity: the aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and insulation performance prepared in the embodiment 1-5 is tested according to GB/T10294-2008 ' determination of steady-state thermal resistance and related characteristics of heat-insulating material ' protective hot plate method ', and the average test temperature is 23 +/-2 ℃. The test results are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from table 1, the heat conductivity of the aluminum-based composite panel with high thermal insulation properties prepared in examples 1 to 5 of the present invention is 0.014W/(m · K) at the minimum, and has excellent thermal insulation effect compared to most thermal insulation materials.
This example provides a foaming apparatus capable of satisfying the foaming treatment of the mixed raw materials of examples 1 to 5.
As shown in fig. 4, a foaming apparatus includes a machine body 1 and a foaming mechanism 2 disposed on the machine body 1, the foaming mechanism 2 includes a mixing tank 25, mixing arms 218 and air holes 219, the mixing tank 25 is disposed on both sides of the machine body 1, a plurality of mixing arms 218 are disposed in the mixing tank 25, the mixing arms 218 in the mixing tank 25 on one side are attached to each other, the mixing arms 218 are disposed in the mixing tank 25 in a crossed manner, a plurality of air holes 219 are disposed at the lower ends of the mixing arms 218, and the air holes 219 are distributed on the adjacent surfaces of the mixing arms 218;
when the stirring arms 218 are stirred in the stirring barrel 25 in a crossed and vertical mode, the facing surfaces of the stirring arms 218 rub against each other, and the rubbing area includes the opening position of the air hole 219.
When in use:
after the mixed raw materials enter the stirring barrel 25, the crossed stirring arms 218 respectively start to do vertical surface circular motion, the stirring barrel 25 rotates, the stirring arms 218 stir the mixed raw materials in the stirring barrel 25, meanwhile, the air holes 219 blow air, so that air is injected into the mixed raw materials, so that the mixed raw materials are foamed, and the mixed raw materials are influenced by the fact that the stirring arms 218 stir in the mixed raw materials all the time, the mixed raw materials can permeate into the air holes 219, the air holes 219 are small in size, once thick blockage is generated, the blocked mixed raw materials cannot be completely sprayed out by air pressure, at the moment, the crossed stirring arms 218 can rub in a mutually staggered mode during the vertical surface circular motion, the arrangement area of the air holes 219 is subjected to the scraping effect, the mixed raw materials near the air holes 219 are scraped, the blockage thickness of the mixed raw materials on the air holes 219 is reduced, the air pressure can spray the mixed raw materials permeating into the air holes 219, the dredging of the air holes 219 is kept, the problem that the mixed raw materials are blocked is effectively solved, and the quality of the foaming treatment of the mixed raw materials is improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 4-5, the foaming mechanism 2 further includes a charging barrel 21, a top cover 22, a base 23, and a gear ring 24, the charging barrel 21 is fixedly mounted on both sides of the machine body 1, the top end of the charging barrel 21 is an open end, the top cover 22 is fixed on the top end of the charging barrel 21 by bolts, the base 23 is rotatably fitted on the bottom of the charging barrel 21, the gear ring 24 is fixedly mounted on the base 23, and the stirring barrel 25 is fixedly mounted on the gear ring 24.
Further, as shown in fig. 5, fixing rods 26 are fixedly mounted in the material cylinder 21, screws 27 are rotatably fitted on the fixing rods 26, the screws 27 are engaged with the gear ring 24, one ends of the screws 27 penetrate through the material cylinder 21, couplers 28 are fixedly mounted at one ends of the screws 27, driving motors 29 are fixedly mounted at both sides of the machine body 1, and shafts of the driving motors 29 are fixedly mounted with the couplers 28.
Wherein, start driving motor 29, driving motor 29 drives shaft coupling 28 and rotates, and shaft coupling 28 drives screw 27 and rotates, and screw 27 drive ring gear 24 rotates, and ring gear 24 drives base 23 and rotates, and ring gear 24 drives agitator 25 and rotates, makes agitator 25 pass through base 23 spacing and rotate in feed cylinder 21 to make the mixed raw materials along with agitator 25 internal rotation in feed cylinder 21.
Further, as shown in fig. 4 and 6, a plurality of shaft rods 210 are rotatably fitted on both sides of the charging barrel 21, a first gear 211 is fixedly mounted on one shaft rod 210, a second gear 212 is fixedly mounted on the other shaft rod 210, the first gear 211 is meshed with the second gear 212, stirring motors 213 are fixedly mounted on the top cover 22, toothed belts 214 are respectively tensioned on the shafts of the stirring motors 213 and the shaft rods 210, and the toothed belts 214 penetrate through the top cover 22.
Further, the toothed belt 214 is tensioned over the shaft 210 connected to the second gear 212.
Further, the size of the first gear 211 is the same as the size of the second gear 212.
The stirring motor 213 is started, the stirring motor 213 drives the toothed belt 214 to rotate, the toothed belt 214 drives the shaft lever 210 on one side to rotate, the shaft lever 210 drives the second gear 212 to rotate, and the second gear 212 drives the first gear 211 to rotate, so that the first gear 211 and the second gear 212 rotate oppositely.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, linkage rods 215 are fixedly mounted on the first gear 211 and the second gear 212, the linkage rods 215 are symmetrically arranged on the first gear 211 and the second gear 212, first auxiliary arms 216 are rotationally matched on the linkage rods 215 on the first gear 211, second auxiliary arms 217 are rotationally matched on the linkage rods 215 on the second gear 212, and the top ends of the first auxiliary arms 216 are rotationally matched with the top ends of the second auxiliary arms 217.
Further, the positions of the linkage rods 215 on the first gear 211 and the second gear 212 are symmetrical in the vertical plane at the meshing position of the first gear 211 and the second gear 212, so that the real-time heights of the linkage rods 215 are kept consistent when the linkage rods 215 rotate along with the first gear 211 and the second gear 212.
With the opposite rotation of the first gear 211 and the second gear 212, the first gear 211 and the second gear 212 respectively drive the linkage rod 215 to rotate, the linkage rod 215 on the first gear 211 drives the first auxiliary arm 216 to rotate, and the linkage rod 215 on the second gear 212 drives the second auxiliary arm 217 to rotate, so that the lower ends of the first auxiliary arm 216 and the second auxiliary arm 217 form a reciprocating opening and closing motion of reciprocating up and down.
Further, as shown in fig. 6, the lower ends of the first auxiliary arm 216 and the second auxiliary arm 217 are both fixedly provided with a stirring arm 218, the upper ends of the stirring arms 218 are both provided with an air pipe 220, the air pipe 220 penetrates through the top cover 22, one end of the air pipe 220 is communicated with the inside of the stirring arm 218, and the other end of the air pipe 220 penetrates through the wall surface of the machine body 1.
Further, the stirring arm 218 of the first auxiliary arm 216 abuts against the stirring arm 218 of the second auxiliary arm 217.
Preferably, the air pipe 220 is a hose to better follow the movement of the stirring arm 218, and the other end of the air pipe 220 is connected to an air input end so that air is delivered to the air hole 219 through the air pipe 220.
Wherein, along with the reciprocating opening and closing movement of the up-and-down reciprocating movement formed by the lower ends of the first auxiliary arm 216 and the second auxiliary arm 217, the first auxiliary arm 216 and the second auxiliary arm 217 drive the stirring arm 218 to move, so that the stirring arm 218 forms the stirring movement of a vertical surface, and the stirring arm is matched with the rotating stirring barrel 25 to stir the mixed raw materials.
Further, as shown in fig. 4 and 7, the machine body 1 is also provided with a discharging mechanism 3;
the discharging mechanism 3 comprises a rotating rod 31, a cantilever 32, a positioning ring 33 and a tension spring 34, the rotating rod 31 is matched with the machine body 1 in a rotating mode, the top end of the rotating rod 31 is fixedly provided with the cantilever 32, the length of the cantilever 32 positioned on one side of the rotating rod 31 is longer than that of the cantilever 32 positioned on the other side of the rotating rod 31, the positioning ring 33 is fixedly arranged on the rotating rod 31, the tension spring 34 is arranged between the positioning ring 33 and the cantilever 32 on the shorter side, one end of the tension spring 34 is connected with the positioning ring 33, and the other end of the tension spring 34 is connected with the cantilever 32 on the shorter side.
Wherein, the bull stick 31 can be controlled by oneself on organism 1 and rotate, make the bull stick 31 drive cantilever 32 and rotate, so that the staff can adjust the position of cantilever 32 according to the demand by oneself, and simultaneously, bull stick 31 forms a lever structure with cantilever 32, and the cantilever 32 of longer one side receives the influence of self gravity, easily makes cantilever 32 take place to incline, and at this moment, the extension spring 34 is being fixed to the holding ring 33 on the bull stick 31, and extension spring 34 produces the pulling force to the cantilever 32 of shorter one side, in order to keep cantilever 32's stability.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, a slide rail 35 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the longer cantilever 32, a slide block 36 is slidably fitted on the slide rail 35, a connecting rod 37 is fixedly mounted on the bottom surface of the slide block 36, a pump 38 is fixedly mounted on the connecting rod 37, and a discharge nozzle 39 is fixedly mounted on the discharge end of the pump 38.
Wherein, staff can stimulate connecting rod 37, and connecting rod 37 drives slider 36 and moves on slide rail 35, and connecting rod 37 drives pump machine 38 and removes, and pump machine 38 drives ejection of compact shower nozzle 39 and removes to make the staff can adjust ejection of compact shower nozzle 39's position according to the demand by oneself.
Further, as shown in fig. 7, a material pipe 310 is arranged on the machine body 1, one end of the material pipe 310 penetrates through the wall surface of the machine body 1, the other end of the material pipe 310 is limited at two sides of the cantilever 32, the other end of the material pipe 310 is communicated with the feed end of the pump 38, a support frame 311 is fixedly mounted on the cantilever 32, pull ropes 312 are arranged at two sides of the support frame 311, one end of each pull rope 312 is connected with the support frame 311, and the other end of each pull rope 312 is connected with the material pipe 310.
Further, one end of the material pipe 310 is communicated with the agitating barrel 25 so that the material pipe can be drawn out to mix the raw materials in the agitating barrel 25.
Wherein, the pump 38 is started, the pump 38 pumps the mixed raw material in the stirring barrel 25 through the material pipe 310 and sprays out from the discharging nozzle 39, and meanwhile, the supporting frame 311 passes through the pulling rope 312 to fix the material pipe 310.
The working principle is as follows:
after the mixed raw materials enter the stirring barrel 25, the crossed stirring arms 218 respectively start to do vertical surface circular motion, the stirring barrel 25 rotates, the stirring arms 218 stir the mixed raw materials in the stirring barrel 25, meanwhile, the air holes 219 blow air to inject air into the mixed raw materials to perform foaming treatment on the mixed raw materials, and the mixed raw materials are influenced by the fact that the stirring arms 218 stir the mixed raw materials all the time, the mixed raw materials can permeate into the air holes 219, the air holes 219 are small in size, once thick blockage is generated, the blocked mixed raw materials cannot be completely sprayed out by air pressure, at the moment, the crossed stirring arms 218 can mutually staggered and rub when in vertical surface circular motion, the arrangement area of the air holes 219 is subjected to the effect of scraping, the mixed raw materials near the air holes 219 are scraped, the blocking thickness of the mixed raw materials on the air holes 219 is reduced, and the mixed raw materials permeating into the air holes 219 can be sprayed out by the air pressure to keep the air holes 219 unblocked;
wherein, the driving motor 29 is started, the driving motor 29 drives the coupling 28 to rotate, the coupling 28 drives the screw 27 to rotate, the screw 27 drives the gear ring 24 to rotate, the gear ring 24 drives the base 23 to rotate, the gear ring 24 drives the stirring barrel 25 to rotate, so that the stirring barrel 25 rotates in the charging barrel 21 through the limit of the base 23, so that the mixed raw material rotates in the charging barrel 21 along with the stirring barrel 25, then the stirring motor 213 is started, the stirring motor 213 drives the toothed belt 214 to rotate, the toothed belt 214 drives the shaft lever 210 on one side to rotate, the shaft lever 210 drives the second gear 212 to rotate, the second gear 212 drives the first gear 211 to rotate, so that the first gear 211 and the second gear 212 rotate oppositely, and along with the opposite rotation of the first gear 211 and the second gear 212, the first gear 211 and the second gear 212 respectively drive the linkage rod 215 to rotate, the linkage rod 215 on the first gear 211 drives the first auxiliary arm 216 to rotate, the linkage rod 215 on the second gear 212 drives the second auxiliary arm 217 to rotate, so that the lower ends of the first auxiliary arm 216 and the second auxiliary arm 217 form reciprocating opening and closing motion of reciprocating up and down, and along with the reciprocating opening and closing motion of reciprocating up and down formed by the lower ends of the first auxiliary arm 216 and the second auxiliary arm 217, the first auxiliary arm 216 and the second auxiliary arm 217 drive the stirring arm 218 to move, so that the stirring arm 218 forms vertical stirring motion, and is matched with the rotating stirring barrel 25 to stir the mixed raw materials;
then, the rotating rod 31 can be controlled to rotate on the machine body 1 by itself, so that the rotating rod 31 drives the cantilever 32 to rotate, so that the worker can adjust the position of the cantilever 32 by himself according to needs, meanwhile, the rotating rod 31 and the cantilever 32 form a lever structure, the cantilever 32 on the longer side is influenced by self gravity, and the cantilever 32 is easy to incline, at this time, the tension spring 34 is fixed by the positioning ring 33 on the rotating rod 31, the tension spring 34 generates tension on the cantilever 32 on the shorter side to maintain the stability of the cantilever 32, meanwhile, the worker can pull the connecting rod 37, the connecting rod 37 drives the sliding block 36 to move on the sliding rail 35, the connecting rod 37 drives the pump 38 to move, the pump 38 drives the discharging nozzle 39 to move, so that the worker can adjust the position of the discharging nozzle 39 by himself according to needs, then the pump 38 is started, the pump 38 pumps the mixed raw materials in the stirring barrel 25 through the material pipe 310, and sprays out from the discharging nozzle 39, and the supporting frame 311 passes through the pulling rope 312 to fix the material pipe 310.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. The preparation method of the aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and heat insulation performance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
preparing a polyurethane insulation board in step (1): mixing 60-90 parts of polyether polyol, 1.65-2.75 parts of foaming catalyst, 1.5-3.0 parts of non-hydrolytic surfactant, 2.2-2.8 parts of deionized water and 2-10 parts of paraffin in parts by mass, and stirring to obtain a component A; mixing and stirring the component A and polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate according to the mass ratio of 100-150 to obtain a mixed raw material, carrying out foaming treatment on the mixed raw material through a foaming device, and then carrying out molding, curing and cutting to obtain a polyurethane insulation board;
the foaming device comprises a machine body and a foaming mechanism arranged on the machine body; the foaming mechanism comprises a stirring barrel, stirring arms and air holes, wherein the stirring barrel is arranged on each of two sides of the machine body, a plurality of stirring arms are arranged in each stirring barrel, the stirring arms in the stirring barrels on one side are attached to each other, the stirring arms are arranged in the stirring barrels in a crossed manner, a plurality of air holes are formed in the lower ends of the stirring arms, and the air holes are distributed on the adjacent surfaces of the stirring arms;
ensuring that the facing surfaces of the stirring arms can rub against each other when the stirring arms are stirred in the stirring barrel in a crossed and vertical manner, and simultaneously ensuring that the rubbing area comprises the opening position of the air hole;
the foaming mechanism further comprises a charging barrel, a top cover, a base and gear rings, wherein the charging barrel is fixedly mounted on two sides of the machine body, the top end of the charging barrel is an open port, the top end of the charging barrel is fixed with the top cover through bolts, the base is rotatably matched with the bottom in the charging barrel, the gear rings are fixedly mounted on the base, and the stirring barrel is fixedly mounted on the gear rings;
fixing rods are fixedly arranged in the charging barrels, screw rods are rotatably matched on the fixing rods and are meshed with the gear rings, one ends of the screw rods penetrate through the charging barrels, couplers are fixedly arranged at one ends of the screw rods, driving motors are fixedly arranged on two sides of the machine body, and shafts of the driving motors are fixedly arranged with the couplers;
a plurality of shaft levers are rotatably matched on two sides in the charging barrel, a first gear is fixedly arranged on the shaft lever on one side, a second gear is fixedly arranged on the shaft lever on the other side, the first gear is meshed with the second gear, stirring motors are fixedly arranged on the top covers, toothed belts are tensioned on shafts of the stirring motors and the shaft levers, and the toothed belts penetrate through the top covers;
linkage rods are fixedly mounted on the first gear and the second gear, the linkage rods are symmetrically arranged on the first gear and the second gear, first auxiliary arms are rotationally matched on the linkage rods on the first gear, second auxiliary arms are rotationally matched on the linkage rods on the second gear, and the top ends of the first auxiliary arms are rotationally matched with the top ends of the second auxiliary arms;
the lower end of the first auxiliary arm and the lower end of the second auxiliary arm are both fixedly provided with the stirring arms, the upper ends of the stirring arms are both provided with air pipes, the air pipes penetrate through the top cover, one ends of the air pipes are communicated with the insides of the stirring arms, and the other ends of the air pipes penetrate through the wall surface of the machine body;
step (2) preparing the aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and heat insulation properties: and (3) coating an adhesive on the inner surface of the aluminum plate, then placing the polyurethane heat-insulating plate on the inner surface of the aluminum plate coated with the adhesive, and performing compression molding to obtain the aluminum-based composite plate with high heat insulation performance.
2. The method for preparing an aluminum-based composite board with high thermal insulation according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the stirring conditions for preparing the component A are as follows: the stirring temperature is 20-30 ℃, the stirring speed is 300-500r/min, and the stirring time is 30-60min.
3. The method for preparing the aluminum-based composite board with high thermal insulation performance according to claim 1, wherein in the step (1), the temperature for mixing and stirring the component A and the polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate is 20-30 ℃, the stirring speed is 300-500r/min, and the stirring time is 90-300s;
the molding temperature is 40-60 ℃; the curing temperature is 25 ℃, and the curing time is 36h.
4. The method for preparing an aluminum-based composite board with high thermal insulation according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the conditions for compression molding are as follows: pressing at 25-45 deg.C and 0.25-0.3MPa for 5-10min.
5. The method for preparing the aluminum-based composite board with high thermal insulation performance according to claim 1, wherein a discharging mechanism is further arranged on the machine body; the discharging mechanism comprises a rotating rod, a cantilever, a positioning ring and a tension spring, the rotating rod is rotatably matched on the machine body, the cantilever is fixedly installed at the top end of the rotating rod, the length of the cantilever positioned on one side of the rotating rod is longer than that of the cantilever positioned on the other side of the rotating rod, the positioning ring is fixedly installed on the rotating rod, the tension spring is arranged between the positioning ring and the cantilever positioned on the shorter side, one end of the tension spring is connected with the positioning ring, and the other end of the tension spring is connected with the cantilever positioned on the shorter side;
the cantilever bottom surface fixed mounting of longer one side has the slide rail, sliding fit has the slider on the slide rail, slider bottom surface fixed mounting has the connecting rod, fixed mounting has the pump machine on the connecting rod, fixed mounting has ejection of compact shower nozzle on the discharge end of pump machine.
6. The method for preparing the aluminum-based composite board with high thermal insulation performance according to claim 5, wherein a material pipe is arranged on the machine body, one end of the material pipe penetrates through the wall surface of the machine body, the other end of the material pipe is limited on two sides of the cantilever, the other end of the material pipe is communicated with the feeding end of the pump, a support frame is fixedly arranged on the cantilever, pull ropes are arranged on two sides of the support frame, one end of each pull rope is connected with the support frame, and the other end of each pull rope is connected with the material pipe.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202211431357.6A CN115489179B (en) | 2022-11-16 | 2022-11-16 | Aluminum-based composite board with high heat preservation and heat insulation performance and preparation method thereof |
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| CN109877970A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-06-14 | 王娟 | A kind of hydraulic engineering concrete batch plant |
| CN211993866U (en) * | 2020-04-29 | 2020-11-24 | 黄昌敏 | Exhaust apparatus is used in foamed polypropylene production |
| CN217084565U (en) * | 2022-04-20 | 2022-07-29 | 广西路创建设工程有限公司 | Energy-concerving and environment-protective type pitch foaming device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104278766A (en) * | 2013-07-02 | 2015-01-14 | 南通苏东新型外墙保温板有限公司 | Polyurethane insulation board |
| CN203937090U (en) * | 2014-06-04 | 2014-11-12 | 华南理工大学 | A kind of supercritical fluid Microcellular Plastics Extrusion Processing device |
| CN105647166A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2016-06-08 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Phase change energy storage asphalt polyurethane rigid foam and preparation method thereof |
| CN109877970A (en) * | 2019-03-15 | 2019-06-14 | 王娟 | A kind of hydraulic engineering concrete batch plant |
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