CN115483540A - Ka-band high-power beam scanning polarization torsion planar antenna - Google Patents
Ka-band high-power beam scanning polarization torsion planar antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN115483540A CN115483540A CN202211081901.9A CN202211081901A CN115483540A CN 115483540 A CN115483540 A CN 115483540A CN 202211081901 A CN202211081901 A CN 202211081901A CN 115483540 A CN115483540 A CN 115483540A
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- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q13/00—Waveguide horns or mouths; Slot antennas; Leaky-waveguide antennas; Equivalent structures causing radiation along the transmission path of a guided wave
- H01Q13/02—Waveguide horns
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/14—Reflecting surfaces; Equivalent structures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/104—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces using a substantially flat reflector for deflecting the radiated beam, e.g. periscopic antennas
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Abstract
The invention discloses a Ka-band high-power beam scanning polarization torsion planar antenna, which comprises: the device comprises a polarization torsion plate, a square cone horn and a reflecting surface; the reflecting surface is of a plane structure, a plurality of grid mesh units are arranged on the plane of the reflecting surface facing the polarization torsion plate, and each grid mesh unit is composed of a plurality of grid plates for keeping gaps; the horizontally polarized waves are fed into the square cone horn, transmitted to the grid mesh units on the reflecting surface, reflected back to the polarization torsion plate, changed into vertically polarized waves from the horizontally polarized waves through torsion, reflected back to the reflecting surface, and then radiated to a free space through the grid mesh units. The problems that the traditional HPM antenna is complex in structure, difficult to array, incapable of beam scanning and insufficient in power capacity of the polarization torsion antenna are solved through the structural design of the planar antenna.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of high-power microwaves, and particularly relates to a Ka-band high-power beam scanning polarization torsion plane antenna.
Background
High Power Microwave (HPM) generally refers to electromagnetic waves with frequency range of 1-300 GHz and peak Power higher than 100 MW. Recently, high power technology has evolved to higher frequencies guided by the demand for microwave sources in communication systems, remote radars and new accelerators. According to published literature, ka-band high power microwave sources have reached 500 mw. The horn antenna is often used in high-power microwave systems, but its low gain and large size are not favorable for practical application scenarios.
Traditional HPM antennas, such as Vlasov antennas, COBRA antennas and large-aperture parabolic antennas, meet the requirements of experiments and applications to a certain extent, but the applications of the traditional HPM antennas are limited by the defects of large volume, complex configuration, low radiation efficiency and the like. Later, radial spiral array antennas, radial slot antennas, and transmissive array antennas were developed. These types of antennas have good performance, but are particularly difficult to handle when the wavelength of the high frequency electromagnetic wave becomes short. In addition, the feed network is complex, it is difficult to form a large array, and most antennas do not have beam scanning functionality.
The traditional polarization torsion antenna has good beam scanning performance, but the polarization torsion plate and the paraboloid of the traditional polarization torsion antenna both use the dielectric plate, so that the application of the traditional polarization torsion antenna in the high-power field is greatly limited, and the reflecting surface of the traditional polarization torsion antenna adopts the paraboloid, so that the process difficulty is increased on one hand, and the antenna array is inconvenient to assemble on the other hand. In order to improve the practicability, widen the application range and develop miniaturization, a Ka-band high-power millimeter wave planar antenna with a scannable wave beam has become an urgent problem.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to: in order to overcome the problems of the prior art, the Ka-band high-power beam scanning polarization torsion planar antenna is disclosed, and the problems that the traditional HPM antenna is complex in structure, difficult to array, incapable of beam scanning and insufficient in power capacity of the polarization torsion antenna are solved through the structural design of the planar antenna.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a Ka-band high-power beam-scanning polarization-twisted planar antenna, comprising: the polarization torsion plate, the square cone horn and the reflecting surface;
the reflecting surface is of a plane structure, a plurality of grid mesh units are arranged on the plane of the reflecting surface facing the polarization torsion plate, and each grid mesh unit consists of a plurality of grid plates maintaining gaps;
the horizontally polarized wave is fed into the square cone loudspeaker, is transmitted to the grid mesh unit on the reflecting surface, is reflected back to the polarization torsion plate, is changed into the vertically polarized wave from the horizontally polarized wave through the torsion action, is reflected back to the reflecting surface, and then is radiated to a free space through the grid mesh unit.
According to a preferred embodiment, the polarization torsion plate is disposed opposite to the reflection surface, and the pyramid horn is disposed through the polarization torsion plate and toward the reflection surface.
According to a preferred embodiment, the grid elements are arranged perpendicular to the reflection surface.
According to a preferred embodiment, the height of each wire grid element varies periodically in a direction diverging outwardly from the centre point F of the reflecting surface.
According to a preferred embodiment, the height of each grid element varies periodically from 0.2mm to 5.6mm in the direction of outward divergence from the center point F of the reflecting surface.
According to a preferred embodiment, the grid elements are formed by cutting parallel slits into a plurality of grid plates formed by cross-shaped reflecting elements.
The grid mesh unit is designed to form a grid mesh structure by cutting gaps on the traditional cross-shaped reflective array unit, and phase change of a horizontal polarized wave within 360 degrees and transmission rate of vertical polarized waves above 90% can be realized along with height change of the unit.
According to a preferred embodiment, the polarization torsion plate, the pyramid horn and the reflecting surface are metallic structures. Compared with the traditional polarization torsion antenna, the polarization torsion antenna improves the structure of the polarization torsion plate and the paraboloid, eliminates the dielectric plate, realizes the full metallization of the antenna, and greatly improves the power capacity of the antenna.
According to a preferred embodiment, the grid height h of the polarization torsion plate 2 Approximately equal to one quarter of the horizontally polarized wave wavelength.
According to a preferred embodiment, the width of the grid elements, and the width and spacing of the individual grid plates therein, is determined based on the reflection and projection properties and the power capacity of the grid elements.
The aforementioned main aspects of the invention and their respective further alternatives may be freely combined to form a plurality of aspects, all of which are aspects that may be adopted and claimed by the present invention. The skilled person in the art can understand that there are many combinations, which are all the technical solutions to be protected by the present invention, according to the prior art and the common general knowledge after understanding the scheme of the present invention, and the technical solutions are not exhaustive herein.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the invention provides a novel grid unit, which can realize phase scanning of reflected waves within 360 degrees along with the change of the height of the grid unit on the basis of keeping the basic function of the grid.
2. The invention improves the structure of the polarization torsion plate and the reflecting plate, eliminates the dielectric plate, realizes the full metallization of the antenna, and greatly improves the power capacity of the antenna compared with the traditional polarization torsion antenna.
3. The invention designs the reflecting plate into a horizontal grid reflecting surface consisting of a plurality of full-metalized grid units with different heights, thereby realizing the planarization of the antenna.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a grid unit of a planar antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a planar antenna according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the results of reflected wave phase as a function of grid element height;
FIG. 4 is a graph of the results of reflectivity versus transmission as a function of grid cell height;
FIG. 5a is a schematic diagram of the phase distribution required by each grid cell in the array;
FIG. 5b is a schematic diagram showing the cell height distribution of each grid cell during arraying;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the square cone horn and the reflecting surface;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the grid on the polarization twist plate of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a graph of the results of polarization twist efficiency versus frequency for a polarization twist plate at different angles of incidence;
FIG. 9 is a graph of reflection coefficient simulation results for the planar antenna of FIG. 2;
fig. 10 is a graph of simulation results of radiation directivity of the planar antenna of fig. 2;
fig. 11 is a graph of the results of antenna performance variation for the polarization twist plate of the planar antenna of fig. 2 at different rotation angles;
fig. 12 is a three-dimensional pattern of the antenna at different rotation angles of the polarization twist plate of the planar antenna of fig. 2;
FIG. 13 is a graph of the field strength distribution of the antenna at different rotation angles for the polarization twist plate of the planar antenna of FIG. 2;
the device comprises a polarization torsion plate 1, a square cone horn 2, a reflecting surface 3 and a grid unit 31.
Detailed Description
The following embodiments of the present invention are provided by way of specific examples, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The invention is capable of other and different embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways, and its several details are capable of modification in various respects, all without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. It is to be noted that the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict. It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical", "overhang" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or overhang, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art. In addition, it should be noted that, in the present invention, if the specific structures, connection relationships, position relationships, power source relationships, and the like are not written in particular, the structures, connection relationships, position relationships, power source relationships, and the like related to the present invention can be known by those skilled in the art without creative work on the basis of the prior art.
Example 1:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, there is shown a Ka-band high power beam scanning polarization twisted planar antenna, comprising: polarization torsion plate 1, pyramid horn 2 and reflecting surface 3.
Preferably, the polarization torsion plate 1, the pyramid horn 2 and the reflection surface 3 are metal structures. Compared with the traditional polarization torsion antenna, the invention improves the structure of the polarization torsion plate 1 and the paraboloid, eliminates the dielectric plate, realizes the full metallization of the antenna and greatly improves the power capacity of the antenna.
The reflecting surface 3 is of a plane structure, a plurality of grid mesh units 31 are arranged on the plane of the reflecting surface 3 facing the polarization torsion plate 1, and the grid mesh units 31 are formed by a plurality of grid plates maintaining gaps;
the horizontally polarized wave is fed into the square cone loudspeaker 2, transmitted to the grid unit 31 on the reflecting surface 3, reflected back to the polarization torsion plate 1, changed from the horizontally polarized wave to the vertically polarized wave through torsion, reflected back to the reflecting surface 3, and then radiated to a free space through the grid unit 31.
Preferably, the polarization torsion plate 1 is disposed opposite to the reflection surface 3, and the pyramid horn 2 penetrates through the polarization torsion plate 1 and is disposed toward the reflection surface 3.
Preferably, the grid elements 31 are arranged perpendicular to the reflective surface 3.
Preferably, the height of each grid element 31 varies periodically in a direction diverging outwardly from the center point F of the reflecting surface 3.
Further, the height of each grid element 31 is periodically changed from 0.2mm to 5.6mm in the direction of outward divergence from the center point F of the reflecting surface 3.
Preferably, the grid unit 31 is formed by cutting parallel slits to form a plurality of grid plates by a cross-shaped reflection unit.
The grid unit 31 is designed to form a grid structure by cutting gaps in a conventional cross-shaped reflective array unit, and can realize the phase change of a horizontal polarized wave within 360 degrees and the transmissivity of a vertical polarized wave of more than 90 percent along with the height change of the unit.
Preferably, the width and the interval of each grid plate in the grid unit 31 and the width of the grid unit 31 are determined based on the reflection and projection performance and the power capacity of the grid unit 31.
Fig. 3 is a graph of the results of reflected wave phase changes with the height of the grid elements 31. As the height of the grid element 31 varies from 0.2mm to 5.6mm, the reflection phase of the element varies from-180 ° to +180 °, achieving a phase scan in the range of 360 °.
Fig. 4 is a graph of the results of refractive index versus transmittance as a function of grid cell height. At 30.5GHz, the reflectance of the horizontally polarized wave is substantially higher than 99% and the transmittance of the vertically polarized wave is always higher than 92% as the cell height changes from 0.2mm to 5.6 mm.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of the required phase distribution for each grid cell and the corresponding cell height distribution when arrayed. The height of each grid element 31 is periodically changed from 0.2mm to 5.6mm in the direction of outward divergence from the center point F of the reflecting surface 3. Referring to fig. 6, the phase compensation required for each cell on the wavefront is given by:
wherein m and n are units of m and n on the array surface from the central point, z0 is the initial height of the phase center of the antenna of the square cone horn 2 from the reflecting surface 3 array surface, and lambda is the incident wave wavelength. And calculating the phase compensation required by each grid unit.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a grid on the polarization torsion plate 1 of the present invention. Improving the conventional polarization torsion plate, removing the dielectric plate, and pullingHeight of high bars (height h of bars) 2 Approximately equal to a quarter wavelength) to achieve full metallization of the polarization twist plate, thereby improving the power capacity of the antenna. Through simulation optimization, the polarization torsion performance and the power capacity of the antenna unit are comprehensively considered to determine the grid mesh distance d on the polarization torsion plate 1 2 Width w of grid 2 Height h of grid 2 。
Fig. 8 is a graph of the results of polarization twist efficiency as a function of frequency for the different angles of incidence of fig. 7. When the incident angle is changed within the range of 0-15 degrees, the polarization torsion rate is always higher than 95% within 30-31GHz, and the polarization torsion performance is good.
Fig. 9 is a graph of the reflection coefficient simulation result of the present invention. The reflection coefficient of the antenna is less than-10 dB in the frequency band of 25-40 GHz.
Fig. 10 is a diagram showing simulation results of radiation directivity of the antenna unit of the present invention. The antenna gain is 31.6dB at 30.5GHz, and the aperture efficiency is 45.5%
Fig. 11 is a graph showing the results of the antenna performance variation of the polarization twist plate of the antenna unit of the present invention at different rotation angles. When the E surface is rotated by 0 degrees, 5 degrees, 10 degrees and 15 degrees, the corresponding E surface directional diagram deflects 0 degrees, 10 degrees, 20 degrees and 30 degrees, the corresponding gains are respectively 31.6dB,31.4dB,31.2dB and 31.2dB, the aperture efficiency is reduced from 45.5 percent to 41.5 percent, the reflection coefficient is always below-10 dB, and the transmission performance is good. The corresponding antenna performance when rotated along the H-plane is similar to the E-plane.
Fig. 12 is a three-dimensional pattern of the antenna at different rotation angles of the polarization twist plate of the antenna unit of the present invention. The antenna can realize two-dimensional beam scanning along with the rotation of the torsion plate, and the scanning angle is twice of the rotation angle.
Fig. 13 is a field intensity distribution diagram of the antenna at different rotation angles of the polarization twist plate of the antenna unit of the present invention. The maximum field intensity is the feed end of the horn antenna, the maximum field intensity is 4600V/m, and the power capacity in vacuum is about 133MW. The field strength on the polarization torsion plate and the reflection plate is about 400V/m at most.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A Ka-band high-power beam scanning polarization torsion planar antenna, comprising: the device comprises a polarization torsion plate (1), a square cone horn (2) and a reflecting surface (3);
the reflecting surface (3) is of a plane structure, a plurality of grid units (31) are arranged on the plane of the reflecting surface (3) facing the polarization torsion plate (1), and each grid unit (31) is composed of a plurality of grid plates for keeping gaps;
the horizontally polarized waves are fed into the square cone loudspeaker (2), transmitted to the grid mesh unit (31) on the reflecting surface (3), reflected back to the polarization torsion plate (1), changed into the vertically polarized waves from the horizontally polarized waves through torsion, reflected back to the reflecting surface (3), and then radiated to a free space through the grid mesh unit (31).
2. The Ka-band high-power beam scanning polarization torsion planar antenna according to claim 1, wherein the polarization torsion plate (1) is disposed opposite to the reflection surface (3), and the pyramid horn (2) penetrates through the polarization torsion plate (1) and is disposed toward the reflection surface (3).
3. The Ka-band high-power beam-scanning polarization-torsion planar antenna according to claim 3, wherein the grid elements (31) are arranged perpendicular to the reflecting surface (3).
4. The Ka-band high-power beam scanning polarization torsion planar antenna according to claim 3, wherein the height of each grid element (31) exhibits a periodic variation in a direction diverging outward from the center point F of the reflecting surface (3).
5. The Ka-band high-power beam scanning polarization torsion planar antenna according to claim 4, wherein the height of each grid element (31) is set to exhibit a periodic variation from 0.2mm to 5.6mm in a direction diverging outward from the center point F of the reflecting surface (3).
6. The Ka-band high-power beam scanning polarization torsion planar antenna according to claim 3, wherein the grid element (31) is formed by cutting parallel slits to form a plurality of grids formed by a cross-shaped reflecting element.
7. The Ka-band high-power beam scanning polarization torsion planar antenna according to claim 1, wherein the polarization torsion plate (1), the pyramid horn (2) and the reflecting surface (3) are metallic structures.
8. The Ka-band high-power beam-scanning polarization torsion planar antenna according to claim 1, wherein the polarization torsion plate (3) has a grating height h 2 Approximately equal to one quarter of the horizontally polarized wave wavelength.
9. The Ka-band high power beam scanning polarization torsion planar antenna according to claim 1, wherein the width of the grid elements (31), and wherein the width and the pitch of each grid plate are determined based on the reflection and projection performance and the power capacity of the grid elements (31).
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| CN202211081901.9A CN115483540A (en) | 2022-09-06 | 2022-09-06 | Ka-band high-power beam scanning polarization torsion planar antenna |
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| CN202211081901.9A CN115483540A (en) | 2022-09-06 | 2022-09-06 | Ka-band high-power beam scanning polarization torsion planar antenna |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009038459A (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2009-02-19 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Reflector antenna |
| CN104466429A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-03-25 | 北京东方安高微电子科技有限公司 | Millimeter wave one-dimensional single-pulse biplane reflecting antenna |
| CN111370866A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-07-03 | 南京肯微弗通信技术有限公司 | Low profile inverted parabolic reflector antenna |
| CN111817017A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-10-23 | 电子科技大学 | Reflector antenna based on arrayed micro displacement control |
| CN214153216U (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-09-07 | 南京信息工程大学 | Ka wave band broadband folding type planar reflective array antenna |
| CN114725692A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-07-08 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Rotary phase-shifting type high-power microwave space beam scannable reflective array antenna |
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2022
- 2022-09-06 CN CN202211081901.9A patent/CN115483540A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2009038459A (en) * | 2007-07-31 | 2009-02-19 | Mitsubishi Electric Corp | Reflector antenna |
| CN104466429A (en) * | 2013-11-08 | 2015-03-25 | 北京东方安高微电子科技有限公司 | Millimeter wave one-dimensional single-pulse biplane reflecting antenna |
| CN111370866A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2020-07-03 | 南京肯微弗通信技术有限公司 | Low profile inverted parabolic reflector antenna |
| CN111817017A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-10-23 | 电子科技大学 | Reflector antenna based on arrayed micro displacement control |
| CN214153216U (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-09-07 | 南京信息工程大学 | Ka wave band broadband folding type planar reflective array antenna |
| CN114725692A (en) * | 2022-03-18 | 2022-07-08 | 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 | Rotary phase-shifting type high-power microwave space beam scannable reflective array antenna |
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