CN115478825B - Large-scale crack simulation experiment device - Google Patents
Large-scale crack simulation experiment device Download PDFInfo
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- CN115478825B CN115478825B CN202110601444.0A CN202110601444A CN115478825B CN 115478825 B CN115478825 B CN 115478825B CN 202110601444 A CN202110601444 A CN 202110601444A CN 115478825 B CN115478825 B CN 115478825B
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- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 158
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 86
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 86
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 53
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 52
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 241000244177 Strongyloides stercoralis Species 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 abstract description 26
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 27
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229920002907 Guar gum Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
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- SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylaminoamidine Natural products CN(C)C(N)=N SWSQBOPZIKWTGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/267—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures reinforcing fractures by propping
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B47/00—Survey of boreholes or wells
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- G—PHYSICS
- G09—EDUCATION; CRYPTOGRAPHY; DISPLAY; ADVERTISING; SEALS
- G09B—EDUCATIONAL OR DEMONSTRATION APPLIANCES; APPLIANCES FOR TEACHING, OR COMMUNICATING WITH, THE BLIND, DEAF OR MUTE; MODELS; PLANETARIA; GLOBES; MAPS; DIAGRAMS
- G09B25/00—Models for purposes not provided for in G09B23/00, e.g. full-sized devices for demonstration purposes
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of underground fracturing simulation, in particular to a large-scale fracture simulation experiment device, which comprises: a stirring tank; the liquid inlet end of the high-pressure module is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the pump, and a gap for liquid to flow is formed in the high-pressure module; the liquid inlet end of the low-pressure module is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the pump, and a gap for liquid to flow is formed in the low-pressure module. The rotatable jet pipe is adopted, and the jet pipe is axially provided with different numbers of jet holes, so that the blast holes on the shaft can be simulated, and the effect of simulating fracturing fluid and propping agent under different blast hole numbers is realized. Due to the adoption of the movable surrounding frame two, the movable surrounding frame three and the movable surrounding frame four, the settlement and laying conditions of the propping agent under the condition of cracks with different widths can be simulated by adjusting the distance between the surrounding frame one and the surrounding frame two and the surrounding frame three and the surrounding frame four.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of underground fracturing simulation, in particular to a large-scale fracture simulation experiment device.
Background
With the more and more intensive research of the fracturing technology, various performance fracturing fluids, propping agents and technology layers are endless, because the fracturing is carried out in the stratum, the fracturing cannot be directly observed, the indoor real research of the fracturing is more and more important, and particularly, the large-scale object model is more close to the field condition and is pursued by powerful companies. Researches on the aspects of liquid sand carrying performance, propping agent and process method are mainly focused on adopting static sand setting experiments for evaluation, the visual plate crack simulation at home and abroad can directly observe the speed that particles can be settled when the particles horizontally move in the stratum crack, the migration speed of the propping agent, the laying of the propping agent in the crack and the sand bank form formed by the settlement of the propping agent in the crack, and can directly observe the sand carrying performance of liquid dynamics.
But the pertinence is stronger, and the function is comparatively single, can't simulate the phenomenon of fracturing fluid and proppant under the underground crack change state, consequently need form the dull and stereotyped crack simulation device framework of new visual, can provide experimental foundation for the design optimization of fracturing to effectively improve fracturing efficiency, fracture deepening research provides technical support.
Disclosure of Invention
The application provides a large-scale fracture simulation experiment device, which solves the problem that fracturing fluid and propping agent in the state of underground fracture change cannot be simulated, and realizes visual simulation of underground fracturing flow.
The technical problems solved by the invention can be realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a large fracture simulation experiment device, comprising:
A stirring tank;
the liquid inlet end of the pump is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the stirring tank;
The liquid inlet end of the high-pressure module is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the pump, and a gap for liquid to flow is formed in the high-pressure module;
The liquid inlet end of the low-pressure module is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the pump, and a gap for liquid to flow is formed in the low-pressure module;
The liquid inlet end of the recovery sedimentation tank is respectively communicated with the liquid outlet ends of the high-pressure module and the low-pressure module;
the liquid outlet end of the first injection part is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the high-pressure die set;
the liquid inlet end of the first recovery cylinder is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the high-pressure module, and the liquid outlet end of the first recovery cylinder is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the recovery sedimentation tank;
the liquid inlet end of the second injection part is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the pump, and the liquid outlet end of the second injection part is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the low-pressure die set;
The liquid inlet end of the second recovery cylinder is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the low-pressure module, and the liquid outlet end of the second recovery cylinder is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the recovery sedimentation tank;
wherein the first injection part and the second injection part have the same structure, and the first recovery cylinder and the second recovery cylinder have the same structure.
Further, a valve I is communicated between the stirring tank and the liquid inlet end of the pump, a flowmeter I is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the pump, and the flowmeter I is respectively communicated with the high-pressure module and the low-pressure module.
Further, the top end of the recovery sedimentation tank is detachably connected with a water pump, the liquid inlet end of the water pump is connected with the recovery sedimentation tank in an inner connection mode, and the liquid outlet end of the water pump is communicated with the stirring tank.
Further, injection portion one includes shell, pit shaft, injection pipe, hand wheel, lower extreme cover, shell tubular structure, and shell one side is open opening, the pit shaft is fixed in the shell, and the pit shaft outer wall axial is opened there is the gap, and the gap is located the open one side of shell, the injection pipe runs through the shell, and the injection pipe outer circumference and the sealed swivelling joint of shell both ends inner wall face, and the injection pipe runs through the pit shaft to with pit shaft clearance fit, the lower extreme cover can be dismantled with the bottom of shell and be connected, and the injection pipe bottom is located the lower extreme cover, it has the feed liquor end to open on the lower extreme cover, the feed liquor end and the pump intercommunication of lower extreme cover, the injection pipe top is sealed, and the injection pipe top can be dismantled and connect the hand wheel, the radial equidistance of injection pipe outer circumference is opened there is a plurality of injection group, every the injection group is by the constitution of the injection hole that distributes along the axial equidistance of injection pipe, and the injection hole quantity of every injection group is different.
Further, the high-pressure module comprises a first high-pressure part and a second high-pressure part, two ends of the first high-pressure part and the second high-pressure part are respectively communicated with the first injection part and the first recovery cylinder, the length of a gap for liquid to flow in the second high-pressure part is larger than that of a gap for liquid to flow in the first high-pressure part, and the first high-pressure part and the second high-pressure part are identical in structure.
Further, the high-pressure part one includes at least one test part one, test part one includes support, water collector, a pair of slide rail, a pair of slide, enclose frame one, enclose frame two, a pair of base and a pair of glass one, the support is the rectangle and encloses the frame, the water collector can dismantle the connection in the support upper end, the slide rail is connected to the support upper surface both ends can be dismantled respectively, sliding connection slide on the slide rail, enclose frame one can dismantle the rear end of connection at the support upper surface through the base, and enclose frame one and support upper surface vertically, enclose frame two and a pair of slide and can dismantle the connection, and enclose frame two and support upper surface vertically, enclose frame one and enclose frame two opposite surface contacts, and enclose frame two and can dismantle the connection glass one in the sealing respectively, and a pair of enclose frame one and have the clearance between the glass one, enclose frame one both sides and open respectively have feed liquor end and play liquid end, and enclose frame one and lie in a pair of glass one through the base can dismantle the feed liquor end and a pair of slide, enclose frame one and can dismantle the feed liquor end and the sealed end of a section of thick bamboo that is connected with the sealed end of frame one side of the frame, enclose the end and the sealed end of the recovery end.
The first enclosing frame and the second enclosing frame of the second testing part are respectively and transversely provided with a pair of first glasses in parallel;
Further, the rear end center department of support upper surface can dismantle and be connected with the pneumatic cylinder, the front end center department of support upper surface can dismantle and be connected with hydraulic buffer, the pneumatic cylinder drive end can dismantle with enclose two bottom centers of frame and be connected with adjustable stabilizer blade respectively in support lower surface four corners department.
Further, the low pressure module includes drive part and test part III, the test part III includes a pair of test unit at least, can dismantle the connection between the test unit, and communicate between every test unit, and drive part drive end is used for controlling the test unit and remove, the drive part includes base, motor, transmission shaft, a plurality of power distribution box, a plurality of lead screw, positive screw thread volute, reverse screw thread volute, a plurality of group slide and a plurality of pairs of balladeur train, every group the connection can be dismantled on the base to the slide, every group sliding connection is a pair of balladeur train on the slide, every to can dismantle respectively on the balladeur train and connect the test unit, motor and a plurality of power distribution box can dismantle respectively between every slide one end have a power distribution box, a plurality of power distribution box connects the transmission shaft between vertically, wherein the power distribution box that is located one end passes through the transmission shaft and the motor drive end hookup, the power distribution box horizontal transmission interface can dismantle the connection lead screw, every on all screw thread volute and reverse screw thread volute, every group have between the slide positive screw thread volute and the reverse screw thread volute and the screw thread volute, every set has the screw thread volute and the screw thread volute of screw thread of the connection respectively under the screw thread volute and the screw thread volute of the screw thread of a pair of the screw thread volute.
Further, the test unit includes enclosing the frame III, enclose the frame IV and a pair of glass II, enclose the frame III and enclose the frame IV and dismantle the connection respectively perpendicularly and connect on a pair of on the balladeur train, enclose the frame III and enclose the frame IV and dismantle respectively and connect glass II, enclose the frame III and enclose the frame four opposite sides contact, and enclose the frame III and enclose the frame IV and dismantle and connect, and have the clearance between a pair of glass II, enclose the frame III and enclose the frame four opposite sides and all open the feed liquor groove, enclose the frame III and enclose the frame four both sides the overfall groove and form feed liquor end and go out the feed liquor end when enclosing the frame III and enclose the frame four and connect, the shell of injection portion II is sealed to be dismantled with enclose the frame four one side and be connected, the clearance of the pit shaft of injection portion II and enclose the frame III and enclose the frame four opposite sides and dismantle respectively and be connected, the recovery section of thick bamboo II is connected with enclosing the frame three and enclose the play end that frame four constitutes.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows: because rotatable jet pipes are adopted, and the jet pipes are axially provided with different numbers of jet holes, the blast holes on the shaft can be simulated, and the effect generated when the fracturing fluid and the propping agent are simulated under different blast hole numbers is further realized.
Due to the adoption of the movable surrounding frame two, the movable surrounding frame three and the movable surrounding frame four, the settlement and laying conditions of the propping agent under the condition of cracks with different widths can be simulated by adjusting the distance between the surrounding frame one and the surrounding frame two and the surrounding frame three and the surrounding frame four.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the low pressure module of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structures of the first and second ejection portions of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the structure of a surrounding frame III of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of a high-voltage part of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a structure of the high voltage part of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a front view of the high-voltage portion of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a side view of the high-voltage portion one of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a stirring tank; 2-pumping; 3-recovering the sedimentation tank; 4-a first recovery cylinder; 5-a second recovery cylinder; 6-valve one; 7-flowmeter one; 8-a water pump; 9-a housing; 10-a wellbore; 11-jet pipe; 12-a hand wheel; 13-a lower end cap; 14-a bracket; 15-a water receiving disc; 16-slide rails; 17-a slide; 18-surrounding frame I; 19-a second surrounding frame; 20-a base; 21-glass one; 22-hydraulic cylinders; 23-a hydraulic buffer; 24-adjustable feet; 25-base; 26-an electric motor; 27-a transmission shaft; 28-a power distribution box; 29-a lead screw; 30-a positive-threaded volute; 31-a reverse thread volute; 32-a slideway; 33-a carriage; 34-surrounding frame III; 35-surrounding frame IV; 36-glass II; 37-tee; 38-bayonet lock; 39-strut.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
Referring to fig. 1, a schematic structural diagram of embodiment 1 of the present invention is shown, and a large-scale crack simulation experiment device includes:
a stirring tank 1;
the liquid inlet end of the pump 2 is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the stirring tank 1;
The liquid inlet end of the high-pressure module is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the pump 2, and a gap for liquid to flow is formed in the high-pressure module;
The liquid inlet end of the low-pressure module is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the pump 2, and a gap for liquid to flow is formed in the low-pressure module;
a recovery sedimentation tank 3, wherein the liquid inlet end of the recovery sedimentation tank 3 is respectively communicated with the liquid outlet ends of the high-pressure module and the low-pressure module;
The liquid inlet end of the first injection part is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the pump 2, and the liquid outlet end of the first injection part is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the high-pressure module;
The liquid inlet end of the first recovery cylinder 4 is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the high-pressure module, and the liquid outlet end of the first recovery cylinder 4 is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the recovery sedimentation tank 3;
The liquid inlet end of the second injection part is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the pump 2, and the liquid outlet end of the second injection part is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the low-pressure die set;
the liquid inlet end of the second recovery cylinder 5 is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the low-pressure module, and the liquid outlet end of the second recovery cylinder 5 is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the recovery sedimentation tank 3;
Wherein the first injection part and the second injection part have the same structure, and the first recovery cylinder 4 and the second recovery cylinder 5 have the same structure.
When in actual use, the method comprises the following steps: during low pressure simulation, the pump 2 and the high pressure module are disconnected, the pump 2 and the low pressure module are opened, the propping agent and the fracturing fluid are stirred in the stirring tank 1, the mixed fluid reaches a preset specification, then the pump 2 pumps the mixed fluid in the stirring tank 1, the flow rate of the liquid outlet end of the pump is improved, the mixed fluid is injected into the low pressure module through the injection part II for observation, the settling states of the propping agent in the low pressure module at different times are recorded, the propping agent enters the recovery cylinder II 5 after passing through the low pressure module, and enters the recovery settling tank 3 for solid-liquid separation, and the low pressure simulation is completed.
During high-pressure simulation, the pump 2 is disconnected from the low-pressure module, the pump 2 is opened from the high-pressure module, propping agent and fracturing fluid are stirred in the stirring tank 1, so that the mixed fluid reaches a preset specification, then the pump 2 pumps the mixed fluid in the stirring tank 1, the flow rate of the liquid outlet end of the pump is improved, the mixed fluid is injected into the high-pressure module through the injection part I for observation, temporary blocking forms of propping agent in the high-pressure module at different times are recorded, the propping agent enters the recovery cylinder I4 after passing through the low-pressure module, and then enters the recovery sedimentation tank 3 for solid-liquid separation, and high-pressure simulation is completed.
The high voltage simulation and the low voltage simulation require a single test and cannot be performed simultaneously.
Example 2:
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment is different in that: a valve I6 is communicated between the stirring tank 1 and the liquid inlet end of the pump 2, a flowmeter I7 is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the pump 2, and the flowmeter I7 is respectively communicated with the high-pressure module and the low-pressure module.
When in actual use, the method comprises the following steps: the first valve 6 is used for controlling the communication between the stirring tank 1 and the pump 2, and the first flowmeter 7 is used for detecting the flow rate of the liquid outlet end of the pump 2, so that the pump 2 can be conveniently regulated.
Example 3:
Compared with embodiment 1, referring to fig. 1, this embodiment is different in that: the top end of the recovery sedimentation tank 3 is detachably connected with a water pump 8, the liquid inlet end of the water pump 8 is communicated with the inside of the recovery sedimentation tank 3, and the liquid outlet end of the water pump 8 is communicated with the stirring tank 1.
When in actual use, the method comprises the following steps: the water pump 8 is arranged on the recovery sedimentation tank 3, so that the separated fracturing fluid can be extracted and injected into the stirring tank 1 at the same time, and the fracturing fluid can be reused.
Example 4:
Referring to fig. 3: the first injection part comprises a shell 9, a shaft 10, injection pipes 11, a hand wheel 12 and a lower end cover 13, wherein the shell 9 is of a cylindrical structure, one side of the shell 9 is provided with an open opening, the shaft 10 is fixed in the shell 9, the outer wall surface of the shaft 10 is axially provided with a gap, the gap is positioned on one side of the shell 9, the injection pipes 11 penetrate through the shell 9, the outer circumferential surfaces of the injection pipes 11 are in sealing rotary connection with the inner wall surfaces of the two ends of the shell 9, the injection pipes 11 penetrate through the shaft 10 and are in clearance fit with the shaft 10, the lower end cover 13 is detachably connected with the bottom end of the shell 9, the bottom end of the injection pipe 11 is positioned in the lower end cover 13, the liquid inlet end of the lower end cover 13 is communicated with the pump 2, the top ends of the injection pipes 11 are sealed, the top ends of the injection pipes 11 are detachably connected with the hand wheel 12, a plurality of injection groups are radially and equidistantly arranged on the outer circumferential surfaces of the injection pipes 11, each injection group consists of injection holes distributed along the axial direction of the injection pipes 11, and the quantity of each injection group is different.
When in actual use, the method comprises the following steps: in this embodiment, the number of injection groups on the injection pipe 11 is six, each group is 2,4,6, 8, 10 and 12, and each group of injection holes is arranged on the injection pipe 11 at a phase angle of 60 degrees, when the injection pipe is simulated at low pressure and high pressure, the hand wheel 12 is rotated, the hand wheel 12 drives the injection pipe 11 to rotate in the shaft 10, so that one group of injection holes is aligned with the gap on the shaft 10, the number of underground blastholes can be simulated through the injection holes of different numbers, the mixed solution enters the injection pipe 11 through the liquid inlet end of the lower end cover 13, and the mixed solution enters the high pressure module or the low pressure module through the injection holes and the gap.
In this embodiment, the bottom of the lower end cover 13 located in the second injection part of the high-pressure module is communicated with the tee 37, the lateral connection port of the tee 37 is communicated with the pump 2, and the port at the bottom of the tee 37 is detachably connected and sealed.
In this embodiment, the positions of the hand wheel 12 corresponding to the injection groups are identified, so that it is convenient to determine which injection holes are aligned with the slots of the well bore 10 when the hand wheel 12 is rotated.
Example 5:
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment is different in that: the high-pressure module comprises a first high-pressure part and a second high-pressure part, two ends of the first high-pressure part and the second high-pressure part are respectively communicated with the first injection part and the first recovery cylinder 4, the length of a gap for liquid to flow in the second high-pressure part is larger than that of a gap for liquid to flow in the first high-pressure part, and the first high-pressure part and the second high-pressure part are identical in structure.
When in actual use, the method comprises the following steps: the length of the gap for liquid to flow in the second high-pressure part is larger than that of the gap for liquid to flow in the first high-pressure part, so that the boundary condition of the temporary plugging experiment can be increased.
Example 6:
Referring to fig. 6 to 8, the present embodiment is different in that: the first high-pressure part comprises at least one first testing part, the first testing part comprises a bracket 14, a water receiving disc 15, a pair of sliding rails 16, a pair of sliding seats 17, a first enclosing frame 18, a second enclosing frame 19, a pair of bases 20 and a pair of first glasses 21, the bracket 14 is a rectangular enclosing frame, the water receiving disc 15 is detachably connected to the inner upper end of the bracket 14, the two ends of the upper surface of the bracket 14 are respectively detachably connected with the sliding rails 16, the sliding seats 17 are slidably connected to the sliding rails 16, the first enclosing frame 18 is detachably connected to the rear end of the upper surface of the bracket 14 through the bases 20, the first enclosing frame 18 is perpendicular to the upper surface of the bracket 14, the second enclosing frame 19 is detachably connected with the pair of sliding seats 17 through the bases 20, the second enclosing frame 19 is perpendicular to the upper surface of the bracket 14, the first enclosing frame 18 is in contact with the opposite surface of the second enclosing frame 19, the first enclosing frame 18 is detachably connected with the second enclosing frame 19, the first enclosing frame 18 is respectively and hermetically connected with the first glass 21 in the second enclosing frame 19, a gap is reserved between the first glass 21 and the first glass, liquid inlet ends and liquid outlet ends are respectively formed in two sides of the first enclosing frame 18, the liquid inlet ends and the liquid outlet ends of the first enclosing frame 18 are positioned between the first glass, the shell 9 of the first spraying part is hermetically and detachably connected with one side of the liquid inlet ends of the first enclosing frame 18, the liquid inlet ends of the first enclosing frame 18 are communicated with the gap of the shaft 10 of the first spraying part, the liquid inlet ends of the first recovery cylinder 4 are respectively communicated with the liquid outlet ends of the first enclosing frame 18, and the first recovery cylinder 4 is hermetically and detachably connected with the first enclosing frame 18.
When in actual use, the method comprises the following steps: the mixed liquid enters the liquid inlet end of the surrounding frame I18 through the first spraying part, the mixed liquid transversely flows in a gap between the pair of glass I21, at the moment, the distribution of the mixed liquid is observed and recorded, then the mixed liquid passes through the gap between the pair of glass I21, enters the recovery cylinder I4 through the liquid outlet end on the surrounding frame I18, and is sent into the recovery sedimentation tank 3 through the recovery cylinder I4 through a pipeline.
After the experiment is finished, the connection relation between the first enclosing frame 18 and the second enclosing frame 19 is disconnected, the second enclosing frame 19 is pushed, the second enclosing frame 19 drives the sliding seat 17 to slide on the sliding rail 16 through the base 20, the second enclosing frame 19 is far away from the first enclosing frame 18, the first pair of glasses 21 are separated, the mixed liquid deposited between the first pair of glasses 21 falls onto the water receiving disc 15 positioned in the bracket 14, and unified treatment is collected through the water receiving disc 15.
In this embodiment, the number of the first test parts is three, and the number of the third test parts is parallel.
In this embodiment, sealing strips are arranged at the upper and lower ends between the pair of first glass sheets 21, a channel with a width, a length and a height is formed by the pair of sealing strips and the pair of first glass sheets 21, a simulation experiment is performed through the channel, and when the distance between the pair of first glass sheets 21 is adjusted according to different experimental requirements, the sealing properties of the upper and lower ends of the pair of first glass sheets 21 are ensured by replacing the sealing strips with different sizes.
In this example, the first glass 21 has a size of 400mm 300mm and a pressure resistance of more than 5MPa.
Example 7:
Referring to fig. 5 to 6, the present embodiment is different in that: the high-voltage part II at least comprises a test part II, the test part II has the same structure as the test part I, and a pair of glass I21 are respectively and transversely arranged in parallel in a surrounding frame I18 and a surrounding frame II 19 of the test part II.
When in actual use, the method comprises the following steps: because of the high bearing strength, the bearing capacity of the glass can be improved by adopting two pieces of glass 21 on one side.
Example 8:
referring to fig. 1 and 7, the present embodiment is different in that: the center of the rear end of the upper surface of the support 14 is detachably connected with a hydraulic cylinder 22, the center of the front end of the upper surface of the support 14 is detachably connected with a hydraulic buffer 23, the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 22 is detachably connected with the center of the bottom end of the enclosure frame II 19, and four corners of the lower surface of the support 14 are respectively detachably connected with adjustable support legs 24.
When in actual use, the method comprises the following steps: in this embodiment, the hydraulic cylinder 22 is a manual hydraulic jack, after the connection relationship between the enclosure frame two 19 and the enclosure frame one 18 is disconnected, the hydraulic cylinder 22 is manually driven, the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder 22 pushes the enclosure frame two 19 to be away from the enclosure frame one 18, the enclosure frame two 19 slides on the slide rail 16 through the base 20 and the slide seat 17, so that the enclosure frame two 19 moves horizontally, and contacts with the buffer end of the hydraulic buffer 23 when the enclosure frame two 19 is about to move to the end of the slide rail 16, and limits the enclosure frame two 19, so that the enclosure frame two 19 is prevented from moving out of the slide rail 16.
The level of the stand 14 can be adjusted by the adjustable foot 24.
In this embodiment, the side surface of the base 20 connected with the second enclosing frame 19 is hinged with a supporting rod 39, the supporting rod 39 is provided with a clamping groove, the side surface of the base 20 connected with the first enclosing frame 18 is detachably connected with a clamping pin 38, the second enclosing frame 19 is far away from the first tailings, the supporting rod 39 is rotated, the clamping groove is sleeved on the clamping pin 38, limiting is completed, the second enclosing frame 19 is prevented from being close to the first enclosing frame 18 under the action of the hydraulic buffer 23, and the operation of staff is prevented from being influenced.
Example 9:
Referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment is different in that: the low-pressure die set comprises a driving part and a testing part III, the testing part III at least comprises a pair of testing units, the testing units are detachably connected, each testing unit is communicated, a driving end of the driving part is used for controlling the testing units to move, the driving part comprises a base 25, a motor 26, a transmission shaft 27, a plurality of power distribution boxes 28, a plurality of screw rods 29, a positive thread worm block 30, a reverse thread worm block 31, a plurality of groups of sliding ways 32 and a plurality of pairs of sliding carriages 33, each group of sliding ways 32 is detachably connected on the base 25, each group of sliding ways 32 is in sliding connection with a pair of sliding carriages 33, each pair of sliding ways 33 is detachably connected with the testing unit, the motor 26 and the plurality of power distribution boxes 28 are detachably connected on the base 25, one end of each group of sliding ways 32 is respectively provided with a power distribution box 28, the transmission shaft 27 is longitudinally connected between the power distribution boxes 28, the power distribution boxes 28 at one end are connected with the motor 26 through the transmission shaft 27, the power distribution boxes 28 are transversely connected with the sliding ends of the motor 26 in a transmission interface, each group of sliding ways 28 are detachably connected with the sliding ways 29, each pair of the sliding ways 31 are respectively provided with the positive thread worm block 31 and the reverse thread worm block 31, each group of sliding ways 31 are respectively connected with the screw threads of the reverse thread blocks 31, and the worm block 32 are respectively provided with the screw threads of the corresponding sliding ways, and the corresponding sliding ways are respectively.
When in actual use, the method comprises the following steps: in this embodiment, the number of the test units is eight, the motor 26 is started, the driving end of the motor 26 drives the eight power distribution boxes 28 connected in series to work through the transmission shaft 27, the power distribution boxes 28 simultaneously drive the lead screw 29 to rotate, the lead screw 29 is provided with the positive thread worm block 30 and the negative thread worm block 31 to enable the positive thread worm block 30 and the negative thread worm block 31 to move in opposite directions, and the positive thread worm block 30 and the negative thread worm block 31 are respectively connected with one sliding frame 33, so that a pair of sliding frames 33 relatively move on the sliding ways 32, and the test units can be separated or close through the relative movement of each pair of sliding frames 33.
Example 10:
Referring to fig. 1-2 and fig. 4, the present embodiment is different in that: the test unit comprises a third frame 34, a fourth frame 35 and a pair of second glass 36, wherein the third frame 34 and the fourth frame 35 are respectively and vertically detachably connected to the carriage 33, the third frame 34 and the fourth frame 35 are respectively and hermetically detachably connected with the second glass 36, the third frame 34 and the fourth frame 35 are in opposite surface contact, the third frame 34 and the fourth frame 35 are detachably connected, a gap is reserved between the third frame 34 and the fourth frame 35, the opposite surfaces of the third frame 34 and the fourth frame 35 are respectively provided with a liquid inlet groove, the liquid passing grooves on the two sides of the third frame 34 and the fourth frame 35 form a liquid inlet end and a liquid outlet end when the third frame 34 and the fourth frame 35 are connected, the shell 9 of the second injection part is respectively and hermetically and detachably connected with the liquid inlet end formed by the third frame 34 and the fourth frame 35, the gap of the shaft 10 of the second injection part is respectively communicated with the liquid inlet end formed by the third frame 34 and the fourth frame 35, the second recovery cylinder 5 is respectively and the fourth frame 35 is detachably connected with the liquid outlet end formed by the second frame 35.
When in actual use, the method comprises the following steps: the mixed liquid enters a space between a pair of glass II 36 through a liquid inlet end formed by a surrounding frame III 34 and a surrounding frame IV 35 through the spraying part, and enters a space between the next surrounding frame III 34 and a glass II 36 formed by a surrounding frame IV 35 through a liquid outlet end formed by a surrounding frame III 34 and a surrounding frame IV 35, so that the sedimentation states of the supporting frames at different times can be observed, and after passing through a surrounding frame III 34 and a surrounding frame IV 35 of several groups, the mixed liquid enters a recycling cylinder II 5 and then enters a recycling sedimentation tank 3 to complete circulation.
When the device is opened, the connection relation between the surrounding frame III 34, the surrounding frame IV 35, the outer shell of the spraying part II and the recycling bin II 5 is released, the surrounding frame III 34 and the surrounding frame IV 35 move along with the pair of sliding frames 33 through driving of the motor 26, the surrounding frame III 34 and the surrounding frame IV 35 are relatively far away, and the surrounding frame III 34 and the surrounding frame IV 35 can be driven to be close to and attached through reversely starting the motor 26.
In this embodiment, the number of the test units is eight, the eight test units are connected in series, the test units are connected in a sealing and detachable manner, four test units are located on one side of the second recovery cylinder 5, a rock plate is connected in a sealing and detachable manner in the surrounding frame III 34 of the four test units, the gap between the rock plate and the second glass 36 passes through mixed liquid, the surface of the rock plate is rough, the observation effect is better due to the fact that the rock plate is more close to an underground environment, sealing strips are arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the opposite surfaces of the second glass 36 and the second glass 36, the upper end and the lower end of the opposite surfaces of the second glass 36 and the rock plate are sealed, gaps are formed between the second glass 36, the second glass 36 and the rock plate, the mixed liquid can pass through, and when the gap between the rock plate and the rock plate is controlled according to different experimental simulation requirements, different sizes and sealing strips are replaced, so that the sealing effect is ensured.
In this example, the second glass 36 has a size of 800 mm. Times.1400 mm and a withstand voltage of more than 0.2MPa.
The surrounding frame III 34 and the surrounding frame IV 35 in the embodiment have the same structure.
Example 10:
with reference to figure 1 of the drawings,
Low pressure analog test procedure:
The gap between the second glass 36 and the second glass 36, and between the second glass 36 and the rock plate, in which the low-pressure module is arranged, is 4mm. And opening the low-pressure model pipeline control valve and closing the high-pressure model pipeline control valve. The jet pipe 11 is rotated by the hand wheel 12, and the jet group of the 12 holes is adjusted. The device is filled with clean water. Then, preparing liquid: adding clear water 1 into the stirring tank 1, opening a stirrer of the stirring tank 1, setting the stirring speed to be 100r/min, slowly adding 0.08% of guar gum, stirring for half an hour, and testing the viscosity to be about 3 mPa. Slowly adding 15% of propping agent type (namely 20-40 mesh quartz sand) and uniformly stirring. The pump 2 is then turned on, setting the displacement to 110L/min. The fracturing fluid carrying the propping agent in the stirring tank 1 enters the second spraying part through the pump 2, sand-carrying fluid is sprayed out through the spraying group with 12 holes, passes through gaps of the shaft 10, sequentially passes through gaps between the second glass 36 and gaps between the second glass 36 and the rock plate, and observes and photographs and records the sedimentation forms of the propping agent at different times. After the experiment is finished, the propping agent and the fracturing fluid are washed cleanly, and then the device is reset.
The guar fracturing fluid carries the proppant into the low pressure die set. The specific test conditions are as follows:
type of proppant: quartz sand with 20-40 meshes;
fracturing fluid: guanidine gum fracturing fluid with the viscosity m of 3mPa.s respectively;
perforation mode: large multi-cluster perforations (12 holes);
Sand adding mode: continuously adding sand;
liquid injection displacement: the field construction displacement is designed to be 3.6m3/min and 110L/min according to the similarity criterion;
Sand concentration: 15%.
The experimental phenomenon shows that the sand carrying dike of the low-viscosity guar gum is mainly concentrated at the front section of the low-pressure die set, and the sand carrying capacity of the low-viscosity guar gum is relatively poor as the sand dike at the rear section becomes low rapidly.
The test steps of the high-pressure large-scale crack simulation device are as follows:
The clearance setting of test portion two is 1mm, and the clearance of three test portion one sets up 2mm respectively, 3mm and 4mm in proper order. And opening the high-pressure die set pipeline control valve and closing the low-pressure die set pipeline control valve. The injection group of 6 holes is adjusted by rotating the injection tube 11 with the hand wheel 12. The device is filled with clean water. Then, preparing liquid: in the stirring tank 1, 0.5 square of clear water was added, the stirrer of the stirring tank 1 was turned on, the stirring speed was set at 100r/min, 0.2% of guar gum (1 kg) was slowly added, and stirring was carried out for half an hour, and the test viscosity was about 12 mPa s. Slowly adding 12% of temporary plugging agent (particle size is 1-2 mm), and stirring uniformly. The pump 2 was turned on and the displacement was set at 80L/min. The fracturing fluid carrying the temporary plugging agent in the stirring tank 1 enters the first injection part through the pump 2, the fracturing fluid carrying the temporary plugging agent is injected out through the injection group with 6 holes and enters between the first glasses 21, and temporary plugging forms of the temporary plugging agent in cracks at different times are observed.
After the experiment is finished, the test unit is opened, and the device is assembled after the temporary plugging agent and the fracturing fluid are washed cleanly.
Temporary plugging simulation experiment:
The concrete test conditions for the temporary plugging agent carried by the guar gum base fluid to enter the crack are as follows:
type of proppant: 2-3mm diameter temporary plugging agent,
Fracturing fluid: the viscosity m of the guar gum base solution is 12mPa.s respectively.
Perforation mode: large section multi-cluster perforation 6 holes
Sand adding mode: continuous addition of
Liquid injection displacement: the on-site construction displacement of 1m3/min80L/min is designed according to the similarity criterion
Temporary plugging agent concentration: 12%.
Experimental phenomena show that the temporary plugging agent forms a temporary plugging layer in the front section of the crack rapidly, and has a good temporary plugging diversion effect.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and various changes can be made within the scope of the knowledge of those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, which is within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. Large-scale crack simulation experiment device, characterized by comprising:
A stirring tank (1);
the liquid inlet end of the pump (2) is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the stirring tank (1);
the high-pressure module is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the pump (2) at the liquid inlet end of the high pressure, and a gap for liquid to flow is formed in the high-pressure module;
the liquid inlet end of the low-pressure module is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the pump (2), and a gap for liquid to flow is formed in the low-pressure module;
the liquid inlet end of the recovery sedimentation tank (3) is respectively communicated with the liquid outlet ends of the high-pressure module and the low-pressure module;
The liquid inlet end of the first injection part is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the pump (2), and the liquid outlet end of the first injection part is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the high-pressure module;
The liquid inlet end of the first recovery cylinder (4) is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the high-pressure module, and the liquid outlet end of the first recovery cylinder (4) is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the recovery sedimentation tank (3);
the liquid inlet end of the second injection part is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the pump (2), and the liquid outlet end of the second injection part is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the low-pressure module;
The liquid inlet end of the second recovery cylinder (5) is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the low-pressure die set, and the liquid outlet end of the second recovery cylinder (5) is communicated with the liquid inlet end of the recovery sedimentation tank (3);
wherein the first injection part and the second injection part have the same structure, and the first recovery cylinder (4) and the second recovery cylinder (5) have the same structure;
The injection part I comprises a shell (9), a shaft (10), an injection pipe (11), a hand wheel (12) and a lower end cover (13), wherein the shell (9) is of a cylindrical structure, one side of the shell (9) is provided with an open opening, the shaft (10) is fixed in the shell (9), the outer wall surface of the shaft (10) is axially provided with a gap, the gap is positioned on the open side of the shell (9), the injection pipe (11) penetrates through the shell (9), the outer circumferential surface of the injection pipe (11) is in sealing rotary connection with the inner wall surfaces at the two ends of the shell (9), the injection pipe (11) penetrates through the shaft (10) and is in clearance fit with the shaft (10), the lower end cover (13) is detachably connected with the bottom end of the shell (9), the bottom end of the injection pipe (11) is positioned in the lower end cover (13), the liquid inlet end of the lower end cover (13) is communicated with the pump (2), the top end of the injection pipe (11) is sealed, the top end of the injection pipe (11) is detachably connected with the hand wheel (12), the outer circumferential surface of the injection pipe (11) is radially provided with a plurality of injection holes (11) which are distributed in equal intervals, and the number of injection holes (11) are distributed in the same in each radial direction, and each injection hole is distributed in the same in the radial direction;
The first high-pressure part comprises at least one first testing part, the first testing part comprises a bracket (14), a water receiving disc (15), a pair of sliding rails (16), a pair of sliding seats (17), a first enclosing frame (18), a second enclosing frame (19), a pair of bases (20) and a pair of first glass (21), the bracket (14) is a rectangular enclosing frame, the water receiving disc (15) is detachably connected to the inner upper end of the bracket (14), two ends of the upper surface of the bracket (14) are respectively detachably connected with the sliding rails (16), the sliding seats (17) are connected to the sliding rails (16) in a sliding manner, the first enclosing frame (18) is detachably connected to the rear end of the upper surface of the bracket (14) through the bases (20), the first enclosing frame (18) is perpendicular to the upper surface of the bracket (14), the second enclosing frame (19) is detachably connected with a pair of sliding seats (17) through a base (20), the second enclosing frame (19) is perpendicular to the upper surface of the bracket (14), the first enclosing frame (18) is contacted with the opposite surface of the second enclosing frame (19), the first enclosing frame (18) is detachably connected with the second enclosing frame (19), the first enclosing frame (18) and the second enclosing frame (19) are respectively and hermetically connected with a first glass (21), a gap is reserved between the first glass (21), two sides of the first enclosing frame (18) are respectively provided with a liquid inlet end and a liquid outlet end, the liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the surrounding frame I (18) are positioned between the pair of glass I, the shell (9) of the spraying part I is in sealing and detachable connection with one side of the liquid inlet end of the surrounding frame I (18), the liquid inlet end of the surrounding frame I (18) is communicated with a gap of the shaft (10) of the spraying part I, the liquid inlet end of the recycling bin I (4) is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the surrounding frame I (18), and the recycling bin I (4) is in sealing and detachable connection with the surrounding frame I (18);
The high-pressure module comprises a first high-pressure part and a second high-pressure part, two ends of the first high-pressure part and the second high-pressure part are respectively communicated with the first injection part and the first recovery cylinder (4), the length of a gap for liquid to flow in the second high-pressure part is longer than that of a gap for liquid to flow in the first high-pressure part, and the first high-pressure part and the second high-pressure part are identical in structure;
The low-voltage module comprises a driving part and a testing part III, the testing part III at least comprises a pair of testing units, the testing units are detachably connected, each testing unit is communicated, and the driving end of the driving part is used for controlling the testing units to move;
The test unit comprises a frame III (34), a frame IV (35) and a pair of glass II (36), wherein the frame III (34) and the frame IV (35) are respectively and vertically detachably connected to the pair of carriages (33), the frame III (34) and the frame IV (35) are respectively and respectively sealed and detachably connected with the glass II (36), the frame III (34) and the frame IV (35) are respectively and oppositely contacted, the frame III (34) and the frame IV (35) are respectively and detachably connected, a gap is reserved between the pair of glass II (36), liquid inlets are respectively formed on two opposite sides of the frame III (34) and the frame IV (35), liquid inlets are formed when the liquid inlets on two sides of the frame III (34) and the frame IV (35) are respectively connected, the outer shell (9) of the second spraying part is respectively and detachably connected with one side of the frame III (34) and the frame IV (35), the gap is respectively sealed and detachably connected with the other side of the frame IV (35), and the second spraying part (34) and the frame IV (35) are respectively connected with the other side of the frame IV (35), and the second spraying part (35) are respectively connected with the frame IV (35), and the other side of the frame IV (35) and the liquid inlets are respectively, and the liquid inlets are respectively formed.
2. The large-scale crack simulation experiment device according to claim 1, wherein a valve I (6) is communicated between the stirring tank (1) and the liquid inlet end of the pump machine (2), a flowmeter I (7) is communicated with the liquid outlet end of the pump machine (2), and the flowmeter I (7) is respectively communicated with the high-pressure module and the low-pressure module.
3. The large-scale crack simulation experiment device according to claim 1, wherein a water pump (8) is detachably connected to the top end of the recovery sedimentation tank (3), the liquid inlet end of the water pump (8) is communicated with the recovery sedimentation tank (3), and the liquid outlet end of the water pump (8) is communicated with the stirring tank (1).
4. The large-scale crack simulation experiment device according to claim 1, wherein the second high-pressure part at least comprises a second test part, the second test part has the same structure as the first test part, and a first enclosing frame (18) and a second enclosing frame (19) of the second test part are respectively and transversely provided with a pair of first glasses (21) in parallel.
5. The large-scale crack simulation experiment device according to claim 1, wherein a hydraulic cylinder (22) is detachably connected to the center of the rear end of the upper surface of the support (14), a hydraulic buffer (23) is detachably connected to the center of the front end of the upper surface of the support (14), the driving end of the hydraulic cylinder (22) is detachably connected to the center of the bottom end of the enclosure frame II (19), and adjustable supporting legs (24) are detachably connected to four corners of the lower surface of the support (14).
6. The large-scale crack simulation experiment device according to claim 1, wherein the driving part comprises a base (25), a motor (26), a transmission shaft (27), a plurality of power distribution boxes (28), a plurality of screw rods (29), a positive thread worm block (30), a reverse thread worm block (31), a plurality of groups of slide ways (32) and a plurality of pairs of sliding frames (33), each group of slide ways (32) is detachably connected on the base (25), a pair of sliding frames (33) are slidingly connected on each group of slide ways (32), a test unit is detachably connected on each pair of sliding frames (33), the motor (26) and the plurality of power distribution boxes (28) are detachably connected on the base (25), one power distribution box (28) is respectively arranged between one ends of each group of slide ways (32), the transmission shaft (27) is connected between the longitudinal directions of the plurality of power distribution boxes (28), the power distribution boxes (28) at one end are connected with the driving end of the motor (26) through the transmission shaft (27), the power distribution boxes (28) are detachably connected with a transverse transmission interface, the screw rods (29) are respectively connected with the screw rods (31) at one end of each screw rod (30), the screw rods (30) are provided with the screw threads (30) at the same time, the centers of the lower surfaces of a pair of sliding racks (33) on each group of sliding ways (32) are detachably connected with a positive thread worm block (30) and a reverse thread worm block (31) respectively.
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