CN115478189A - Beryllium-copper alloy capable of effectively improving structural strength and preparation process thereof - Google Patents

Beryllium-copper alloy capable of effectively improving structural strength and preparation process thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115478189A
CN115478189A CN202211048036.8A CN202211048036A CN115478189A CN 115478189 A CN115478189 A CN 115478189A CN 202211048036 A CN202211048036 A CN 202211048036A CN 115478189 A CN115478189 A CN 115478189A
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China
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parts
beryllium
copper alloy
copper
mixture
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CN202211048036.8A
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钟连洪
曾雪萍
钟敏
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Emeishan Zhongshan New Material Technology Co ltd
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Emeishan Zhongshan New Material Technology Co ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C1/00Making non-ferrous alloys
    • C22C1/10Alloys containing non-metals
    • C22C1/1036Alloys containing non-metals starting from a melt
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C32/00Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
    • C22C32/0005Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with at least one oxide and at least one of carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22CALLOYS
    • C22C9/00Alloys based on copper

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a beryllium copper alloy capable of effectively improving structural strength and a preparation process thereof, wherein beryllium hydroxide is prepared by adopting a sulfuric acid method or a fluorination method in most of purification of beryllium elements in the beryllium copper alloy preparation process, and then beryllium oxide is obtained by calcining, wherein the beryllium oxide is adopted instead of beryllium, so that the beryllium oxide is easier and simpler to obtain, copper is modified by adding iridium, terbium, dysprosium, ytterbium and barium on the basis of cobalt, nickel and titanium, the phase structure and microstructure of the copper are greatly changed, copper chloride, tungsten carbide powder, silver chloride, nano silicon dioxide and cubic boron nitride powder are added for further reinforcement, the hardness and compressive strength of the finished beryllium copper alloy are effectively improved, and the structural strength is improved.

Description

Beryllium copper alloy capable of effectively improving structural strength and preparation process thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of beryllium-copper alloy, in particular to beryllium-copper alloy capable of effectively improving structural strength and a preparation process thereof.
Background
Beryllium copper, also known as beryllium bronze, is the "elastic king" of copper alloy, and can be subjected to solution aging heat treatment to obtain a product with high strength and high electrical conductivity. The high-strength cast beryllium bronze alloy has the advantages of high strength, high hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and excellent casting performance after heat treatment, and is suitable for manufacturing various dies, explosion-proof safety tools and wear-resistant parts such as cams, gears, worm gears, bearings and the like.
In the related art, the raw materials required for preparing the beryllium-copper alloy mainly comprise beryllium and copper, and other metals such as cobalt, nickel, titanium and the like are added, and the beryllium-copper alloy is prepared by smelting at 1500-2000 ℃. However, beryllium copper alloys produced by this process have limited structural strength.
Disclosure of Invention
The beryllium copper alloy and the preparation process thereof provided by the invention can effectively improve the structural strength, and can effectively improve the structural strength of the prepared beryllium copper alloy.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a beryllium-copper alloy preparation process capable of effectively improving structural strength, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-15 parts of beryllium oxide, 2-4 parts of carbon powder, 130-145 parts of copper and a first mixture; wherein the first mixture comprises 1-4 parts of cobalt, 1-2 parts of nickel, 1-2 parts of titanium, 1-2 parts of zinc, 1-2 parts of iridium, 1-2 parts of terbium, 2-4 parts of dysprosium, 1-2 parts of ytterbium and 2-4 parts of barium;
s2, fully stirring and mixing the beryllium oxide and the carbon powder to form a second mixture;
s3, sequentially laying a layer of copper, a layer of second mixture, a layer of first mixture, a layer of second mixture and a layer of copper in the graphite crucible from bottom to top, and sequentially and cyclically and periodically laying;
s4, placing the graphite crucible into a heating furnace for preheating, wherein the preheating temperature is more than or equal to 200 ℃, and the preheating time is more than 1 h;
s5, placing the graphite crucible into a medium-frequency induction furnace, heating to 1500-1800 ℃, adding 4-6 parts of copper chloride, 5-7 parts of tungsten carbide powder, 1-3 parts of silver chloride, 2-4 parts of nano silicon dioxide and 4-6 parts of cubic boron nitride powder, stirring and uniformly mixing by using a graphite rod, taking out the graphite crucible after lasting for 2-3 hours, preserving heat, and removing slag on the surface of the graphite crucible;
and S6, sequentially carrying out ingot casting, cooling, quenching and polishing and grinding treatment to obtain the beryllium-copper alloy finished product.
Further, in the step S1, the following raw materials are selected in parts by weight: 10-12 parts of beryllium oxide, 2.5-3 parts of carbon powder, 135-140 parts of copper and a first mixture; wherein the first mixture comprises 2-3 parts of cobalt, 1.3-1.7 parts of nickel, 1.3-1.7 parts of titanium, 1.3-1.7 parts of zinc, 1.3-1.7 parts of iridium, 1.3-1.7 parts of terbium, 2.5-3.5 parts of dysprosium, 1.3-1.7 parts of ytterbium and 2.5-3.5 parts of barium.
Further, in the step S1, the following raw materials are selected in parts by weight: 12 parts of beryllium oxide, 3 parts of carbon powder, 137 parts of copper and a first mixture; the first mixture comprises 2.5 parts of cobalt, 1.5 parts of nickel, 1.5 parts of titanium, 1.5 parts of zinc, 1.5 parts of iridium, 1.5 parts of terbium, 3 parts of dysprosium, 1.5 parts of ytterbium and 3 parts of barium.
Further, in step S6, the cooling is performed in an oxygen-free atmosphere filled with an inert gas.
Further, the raw material of step S1 further includes a residual waste material generated by the polishing and grinding in step S6, and the residual waste material is disposed on the bottom layer of the graphite crucible.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a beryllium copper alloy, which is prepared by the above beryllium copper alloy preparation process capable of effectively improving the structural strength, and has the hardness of more than 98HRC and the compressive strength of more than 450MPa.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
in the preparation process of the beryllium copper alloy, beryllium hydroxide is prepared by adopting a sulfuric acid method or a fluorination method for purifying a beryllium element, and then beryllium oxide is obtained by calcining, wherein beryllium oxide is adopted instead of beryllium, so that the beryllium oxide is easier and more convenient to obtain.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to examples, and the exemplary embodiments and descriptions thereof are only used for explaining the present invention and are not used as limitations of the present invention.
Examples
In a first aspect, the invention provides a beryllium-copper alloy preparation process capable of effectively improving structural strength, which comprises the following steps:
s1, selecting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-15 parts (such as 9, 10, 11, 12, 13 and 14 parts) of beryllium oxide, 2-4 parts of carbon powder, 130-145 parts (such as 135 and 140 parts) of copper and a first mixture; the first mixture comprises 1-4 parts of cobalt, 1-2 parts of nickel, 1-2 parts of titanium, 1-2 parts of zinc, 1-2 parts of iridium, 1-2 parts of terbium, 2-4 parts of dysprosium, 1-2 parts of ytterbium and 2-4 parts of barium. For example, industrial-grade beryllium oxide (purity 95% or higher) is used as the beryllium oxide.
And S2, fully stirring and mixing the beryllium oxide and the carbon powder to form a second mixture.
And S3, sequentially laying a layer of copper, a layer of second mixture, a layer of first mixture, a layer of second mixture and a layer of copper in the graphite crucible from bottom to top, and sequentially and cyclically laying the layers of copper.
S4, placing the graphite crucible into a heating furnace for preheating, wherein the preheating temperature is more than or equal to 200 ℃, and the preheating time is more than 1 h.
S5, placing the graphite crucible into a medium-frequency induction furnace, heating to 1500-1800 ℃, adding 4-6 parts of copper chloride, 5-7 parts of tungsten carbide powder, 1-3 parts of silver chloride, 2-4 parts of nano silicon dioxide and 4-6 parts of cubic boron nitride powder, stirring and uniformly mixing by using a graphite rod, keeping for 2-3 hours, taking out the graphite crucible, preserving heat, and removing slag on the surface of the graphite crucible.
And S6, sequentially carrying out ingot casting, cooling, quenching, polishing and grinding treatment to obtain the finished beryllium-copper alloy.
In the preparation process of the beryllium copper alloy, beryllium hydroxide is prepared by adopting a sulfuric acid method or a fluorination method in most of beryllium elements for purification, and then beryllium oxide is obtained by calcination, wherein beryllium oxide is adopted instead of beryllium, so that the beryllium oxide is easier and simpler to obtain.
According to the experiment result, the average hardness of the beryllium copper alloy prepared by the control group is 90HRC, the average compressive strength is 395MPa, the average hardness of the beryllium copper alloy prepared by the experiment group is 99HRC, and the average compressive strength is 452MPa, so that the effect of the invention is effectively verified.
In another embodiment, in step S1, the following raw materials are selected in parts by weight: 10-12 parts of beryllium oxide, 2.5-3 parts of carbon powder, 135-140 parts of copper and a first mixture; wherein the first mixture comprises 2-3 parts of cobalt, 1.3-1.7 parts of nickel, 1.3-1.7 parts of titanium, 1.3-1.7 parts of zinc, 1.3-1.7 parts of iridium, 1.3-1.7 parts of terbium, 2.5-3.5 parts of dysprosium, 1.3-1.7 parts of ytterbium and 2.5-3.5 parts of barium.
In another embodiment, in step S1, the following raw materials are selected in parts by weight: 12 parts of beryllium oxide, 3 parts of carbon powder, 137 parts of copper and a first mixture; the first mixture comprises 2.5 parts of cobalt, 1.5 parts of nickel, 1.5 parts of titanium, 1.5 parts of zinc, 1.5 parts of iridium, 1.5 parts of terbium, 3 parts of dysprosium, 1.5 parts of ytterbium and 3 parts of barium.
In a further embodiment, in step S6, the cooling is performed in an oxygen-free atmosphere filled with an inert gas.
In further embodiments, the feedstock of step S1 further comprises residual waste from the polishing in step S6, the residual waste being disposed in the lowermost layer of the graphite crucible. By the arrangement, waste of residual waste materials is avoided, and full utilization of resources is realized.
In a second aspect, the invention provides a beryllium copper alloy, which is prepared by adopting the preparation process of the beryllium copper alloy capable of effectively improving the structural strength, and has the hardness of more than 98HRC and the compressive strength of more than 450MPa.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are merely exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A beryllium-copper alloy preparation process capable of effectively improving structural strength is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, selecting the following raw materials in parts by weight: 8-15 parts of beryllium oxide, 2-4 parts of carbon powder, 130-145 parts of copper and a first mixture; wherein the first mixture comprises 1-4 parts of cobalt, 1-2 parts of nickel, 1-2 parts of titanium, 1-2 parts of zinc, 1-2 parts of iridium, 1-2 parts of terbium, 2-4 parts of dysprosium, 1-2 parts of ytterbium and 2-4 parts of barium;
s2, fully stirring and mixing the beryllium oxide and the carbon powder to form a second mixture;
s3, sequentially laying a layer of copper, a layer of second mixture, a layer of first mixture, a layer of second mixture and a layer of copper in the graphite crucible from bottom to top, and sequentially and cyclically laying the layers of copper;
s4, placing the graphite crucible into a heating furnace for preheating, wherein the preheating temperature is more than or equal to 200 ℃, and the preheating time is more than 1 h;
s5, putting the graphite crucible into a medium-frequency induction furnace, heating to 1500-1800 ℃, adding 4-6 parts of copper chloride, 5-7 parts of tungsten carbide powder, 1-3 parts of silver chloride, 2-4 parts of nano silicon dioxide and 4-6 parts of cubic boron nitride powder, stirring and uniformly mixing by using a graphite rod, keeping for 2-3 hours, taking out the graphite crucible, preserving heat, and removing furnace slag on the surface of the graphite crucible;
and S6, sequentially carrying out ingot casting, cooling, quenching, polishing and grinding treatment to obtain the finished beryllium-copper alloy.
2. The preparation process of the beryllium-copper alloy capable of effectively improving the structural strength according to claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the following raw materials are selected according to parts by weight: 10-12 parts of beryllium oxide, 2.5-3 parts of carbon powder, 135-140 parts of copper and a first mixture; wherein the first mixture comprises 2-3 parts of cobalt, 1.3-1.7 parts of nickel, 1.3-1.7 parts of titanium, 1.3-1.7 parts of zinc, 1.3-1.7 parts of iridium, 1.3-1.7 parts of terbium, 2.5-3.5 parts of dysprosium, 1.3-1.7 parts of ytterbium and 2.5-3.5 parts of barium.
3. The preparation process of the beryllium-copper alloy capable of effectively improving the structural strength according to claim 2, wherein in the step S1, the following raw materials are selected in parts by weight: 12 parts of beryllium oxide, 3 parts of carbon powder, 137 parts of copper and a first mixture; the first mixture comprises 2.5 parts of cobalt, 1.5 parts of nickel, 1.5 parts of titanium, 1.5 parts of zinc, 1.5 parts of iridium, 1.5 parts of terbium, 3 parts of dysprosium, 1.5 parts of ytterbium and 3 parts of barium.
4. The process for preparing beryllium-copper alloy according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the cooling is performed in an oxygen-free environment filled with inert gas.
5. The process for preparing beryllium-copper alloy according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the raw material of step S1 further comprises residual waste material generated by polishing and grinding in step S6, and the residual waste material is placed on the lowest layer of the graphite crucible.
6. The beryllium copper alloy is characterized by being prepared by adopting the beryllium copper alloy preparation process capable of effectively improving the structural strength according to any one of claims 1 to 5, and the hardness of the beryllium copper alloy is greater than 98HRC, and the compressive strength of the beryllium copper alloy is greater than 450MPa.
CN202211048036.8A 2022-08-30 2022-08-30 Beryllium-copper alloy capable of effectively improving structural strength and preparation process thereof Pending CN115478189A (en)

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Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB501582A (en) * 1936-06-30 1939-02-24 Heraeus Vacuumschnelze A G Improvements in and relating to the production of beryllium alloys
JPH04305353A (en) * 1991-03-29 1992-10-28 Ngk Insulators Ltd Method for casting beryllium-copper alloy
CN103866155A (en) * 2014-03-20 2014-06-18 峨眉山市中山新材料科技有限公司 Beryllium-copper alloy production and ingot casting process
CN106521227A (en) * 2016-10-25 2017-03-22 林海英 Beryllium-copper alloy and preparation method thereof
CN108950256A (en) * 2018-07-04 2018-12-07 峨眉山市中山新材料科技有限公司 A kind of preparation process of beallon
CN113088753A (en) * 2021-03-31 2021-07-09 五矿铍业股份有限公司 Method for preparing beryllium-copper master alloy by adopting vacuum consumable arc melting
CN113088752A (en) * 2021-03-31 2021-07-09 五矿铍业股份有限公司 Preparation method of beryllium-copper master alloy

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB501582A (en) * 1936-06-30 1939-02-24 Heraeus Vacuumschnelze A G Improvements in and relating to the production of beryllium alloys
JPH04305353A (en) * 1991-03-29 1992-10-28 Ngk Insulators Ltd Method for casting beryllium-copper alloy
CN103866155A (en) * 2014-03-20 2014-06-18 峨眉山市中山新材料科技有限公司 Beryllium-copper alloy production and ingot casting process
CN106521227A (en) * 2016-10-25 2017-03-22 林海英 Beryllium-copper alloy and preparation method thereof
CN108950256A (en) * 2018-07-04 2018-12-07 峨眉山市中山新材料科技有限公司 A kind of preparation process of beallon
CN113088753A (en) * 2021-03-31 2021-07-09 五矿铍业股份有限公司 Method for preparing beryllium-copper master alloy by adopting vacuum consumable arc melting
CN113088752A (en) * 2021-03-31 2021-07-09 五矿铍业股份有限公司 Preparation method of beryllium-copper master alloy

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Application publication date: 20221216