CN115472051A - Medical student operation simulation dummy and use method - Google Patents
Medical student operation simulation dummy and use method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a medical student operation simulation dummy and a use method thereof, belonging to the technical field of medical teaching and comprising the following steps: s1, according to DICOM3.0 files or images obtained by two-dimensional slices of radiological image data such as CT, MR.3D ultrasound and other medical equipment, intelligent processing is carried out on an analog database through a three-dimensional medical image network, the files are reconstructed into a plurality of image formats and transmitted to the analog database, S2, a teacher selects an operation subject of a student from the operation analog database through the teacher end, a connection relation is established on the student end, and after S3, the student establishes a relation with the teacher through the student end, the operation analog database can be used for generating set human organ, skeleton and muscle images through the three-dimensional medical image network. On the basis of realizing on-line simulation of the operation, the invention can also simulate scenes and the operation according to different teaching requirements, and can transmit the action of an operator in real time during simulation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of medical teaching, in particular to a medical student operation simulation dummy and a using method thereof.
Background
The medical teaching model refers to a simulation dummy used for replacing a real human body to carry out medical teaching, research and training in medical teaching activities. At present, in the medical field, especially in the medical emergency industry, medical teachers generally adopt medical teaching models to perform relevant practice operations when teaching and teaching relevant medical emergency care knowledge to medical students and when the medical students practice the relevant medical emergency care knowledge in the after-school time. The existence of the medical teaching model provides important medical learning simulation equipment for medical practitioners in the medical knowledge learning stage, so that medical students can train own medical skills by using the medical teaching model, the medical students can train skilled medical professional skills before later medical clinics and post work, and the medical teaching model can be used in a simulation mode repeatedly.
In modern society, as the requirements of surgery are gradually increased, the requirements on the operation level of doctors are also increased, and therefore, in order to cultivate excellent medical workers, the virtual surgery system provides an important platform for the teaching practice of surgery. The virtual operation system collects various medical data from the virtual operation process, most of the existing simulation operations can only show a model in an all-around way and introduce the operation flow of the operation, but can not realize independent operation of students and can not simulate a dummy according to different operations.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a medical student operation simulation dummy and a use method thereof.
2. Technical scheme
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a use method of a medical student operation simulation dummy comprises the following steps:
s1, according to a two-dimensional slice of radiological image data, such as DICOM3.0 files or images obtained by CT, MR.3D ultrasound and other medical equipment, intelligently processing a simulation database through a three-dimensional medical image network, reconstructing the files into various image formats, and transmitting the files to the simulation database;
s2, the teacher selects the surgical operation subjects of the students from the operation simulation database through the teacher end, and establishes a connection relation for the student end;
s3, after the student establishes a relationship with the teacher through the student end, operating the simulation database to generate images of set human organs, bones and muscles by using a three-dimensional medical image network;
s4, a teacher operates the simulated dummy at the teacher end, a teaching server triggers image fusion after receiving a surgical teaching requirement, meanwhile, information acquisition equipment at the teacher end acquires limb information and voice information of the teacher in real time, the limb information of the teacher is projected into a three-dimensional model, and the simulated dummy is operated and explained in real time through a three-dimensional medical image network;
s5, triggering the change of the shape and size of organs, bones and muscles in the three-dimensional model according to preset limb action information;
s6, the simulation database stores image information and voice information of the teacher operation overall process, and the image information and the voice information of all the teacher operation overall processes are stored in a classified mode according to operation types;
s7, receiving an online simulation request initiated by a student through a student user terminal by a simulation database, then establishing a three-dimensional model of a relative operation according to the request, and then operating and modifying the three-dimensional model by the student;
and S8, when the students operate, the simulation database records the actions of the students during operation and compares the actions with teacher videos stored in the simulation database.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, a medical functional module, a biochemical and molecular biological module, a pathogenic organism and immunology module, a human anatomy module and a microscopic morphology module are arranged in the simulation database, and a system anatomy, a local anatomy and a tomography anatomy teaching video are arranged in the simulation database, so as to assist students to independently learn through animation, video, three-dimensional models and human function animation demonstration;
the medical functional module is used for simulating the influences of cardiovascular system, respiratory system, nerve and skeletal muscle, digestive system, urinary system, pharmacokinetic experiment, acute right heart failure model replication, acute right heart failure model, rescue and nerve fluid factors on cardiovascular activity;
the biochemical and molecular biological module is used for carrying out simulation experiments on DNA purification, RNA extraction and purification, escherichia coli culture, plasmid transformation of Escherichia coli and fluorescent quantitative PCR;
the pathogenic organism and immunology module is used for proliferation of influenza A virus in chick embryos and passage cells, quantitative detection of hepatitis B virus, influenza virus hemagglutination experiment, allicin in vitro bacteriostasis experiment, antibiotic bacteriostasis experiment, measurement of serum antibody titer and preparation of immune serum to carry out simulation experiment;
the human anatomy module is composed of a digital human anatomy teaching system, and according to continuous real human tomography data: the method comprises the following steps of obtaining a male 2110 layer with the precision of 0.1-1mm and a female 3640 layer with the precision of 0.1-0.5mm, and three-dimensionally reconstructing 5000 fine and vivid anatomical structures;
the micro-morphology module is internally provided with histology, pathology and parasitology digital teaching resources, and digital sections which are difficult to collect specimens are applied to experimental teaching.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, in the S4, an image processing system, an operation navigation system, a virtual cutting system, and a collision detection system are disposed in the three-dimensional medical image network, the image processing system includes image segmentation and analysis, three-dimensional reconstruction of medical images, and image registration and fusion, the operation navigation system includes an image workstation, processing software, a position detection device, a special operation tool, and an operation tool adaptor, the virtual cutting system is configured to cut a rigid three-dimensional object, and can be implemented by using surface cutting, cubic cutting, and an intelligent scalpel, the surface cutting is performed by cutting a three-dimensional object through planes of different directions and angles, the virtual cutting system defines a cutting plane by using a linked list structure, and can flexibly and conveniently add and delete planes by adding a linked list structure, and adjust a plane position and direction to implement multi-plane cutting of a three-dimensional object, the collision detection system selects an octree box and constructs a bounding hierarchy on the basis of collision detection in virtual operation simulation, and can implement recursive detection of a virtual tree based on the hierarchy of collision detection in the octree, and the virtual tree detection system can implement recursive detection of a virtual tree in the operation simulation process.
As a preferable scheme of the present invention, the collision detection algorithm is: the black nodes on the entities A and B are i and j respectively, the motion functions of the black nodes are Xi (t) and Xj (t), the node radiuses are ri and rj, the collision detection precision is epsilon, and then the collision detection condition between the entities A and B can be expressed as a condition 1- | Xi (t) -Xj (t) | = ri + rj (t 0; t1 is less than or equal to t), a condition 2- | ri is less than or equal to epsilon, and rj is less than or equal to epsilon.
As a preferred scheme of the invention, the simulation database is internally provided with a visual simulation system, a high-simulation system and a virtual simulation system, the visual simulation system is used for simulating physiological or pharmacological changes of a human body by a computer or simulating the work and environment of the human body and demonstrating the changes by a computer display screen, the visual simulation system is used for learning the pharmacological action of the inhalation anesthetic, the high-simulation system adopts a model with the size of a real human body, the anatomical structure of the normal human body is simulated on the computer, the physiological reaction and the pharmacological reaction are controlled by the computer, the high-simulation system can simulate various physiological phenomena generated in the anesthetic process of the human body, and the virtual simulation system can simulate objects or environments which can be sensed by normal people from both visual and touch aspects by the computer, so that the degree of freedom in the operation simulation is improved.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the S4 three-dimensional medical image network includes the following functions:
volume Reconstruction (VR): an interactive operation mode is provided, teachers and students can freely add and remove various organizations, and the transparency of the various organizations is dynamically adjusted;
fast surface reconstruction (SSD): according to different data, different reconstruction targets are defined according to the density of the tissue or the signal difference and the space position of the tissue, and each object after reconstruction can be combined, rotated, translated, cut, stretched and scaled at will;
arbitrary planar (curved) planar reformation (MPR, CPR): forming a three-dimensional model by a plurality of continuous plane tomograms, then disconnecting the model along a coronal plane, a sagittal plane or any inclined plane or even a curved surface, and forming a new tomogram;
virtual endoscope (Endoscopy): generating a 3D inner surface model of the organ using medical image data using advanced segmentation, reconstruction, display and automatic path planning algorithms, simulating the function of a video endoscope;
maximum (small) intensity projection (MIP): the effect similar to X-ray perspective can be observed at any angle, and the three-dimensional effect is simulated;
surgery simulation (Surgery): the operation simulation is that on the basis of the function of rapidly reconstructing the SSD on the surface, an operator can conveniently cut and combine various tissues, the display of the operation process is completely realized, and accurate operation data can be given in the process;
measurement (Measure): the system provides a convenient measuring function, can measure distance, area, volume and angle, and can automatically calculate the volume according to a target or manually select the area to calculate the volume of a complex structure.
As a preferred aspect of the present invention, the virtual endoscope processes a two-dimensional medical image of a DICOM3.0 file or image using a three-dimensional medical image network, and generates a three-dimensional dynamic view of a specific anatomical structure inside a human body through three-dimensional reconstruction to simulate the examination process and visual effect of a standard endoscope, and the virtual endoscope can conveniently observe various tubular organs, such as: trachea, esophagus, blood vessel and straight colon, and also can conveniently observe such as stomach, bladder, ventricle and vertebral canal, the display density of the tube wall can be adjusted at any time by the virtual endoscope, the tissue structure of the tube wall can be observed, the tissue can be transparentized by the virtual endoscope, and the condition outside the tissue can be observed, two modes can be used in the virtual endoscope in the three-dimensional medical image network, one mode is a volume reconstruction endoscope which is generally used for observing the blood vessel, trachea and rectum, and the other mode is a surface reconstruction endoscope which is generally used for observing the spine.
A medical student operation simulation dummy comprises a simulation dummy in a using method of the medical student operation simulation dummy.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
the invention can integrate the multimedia teaching elements corresponding to sound, light, electricity, pictures and images in time by modern digital, virtual and automatic technical means in experimental teaching by applying virtual simulation, thereby creating a more vivid experimental environment and simulated experimental contents for students, being beneficial to arousing the learning interest and enthusiasm of the students, and when carrying out experimental operation, the students can carefully observe the system, organs and tissue structures of the virtual human body from different angles and different directions, even can disassemble and assemble the tissue structures of the virtual human body, so as to deeply observe and recombine the internal structures.
The invention can display each layer of anatomical structure of human body layer by layer, if the enhanced scanning can also display the relationship between blood vessels and surrounding tissues, can correctly guide the operation design, prevent the heavy bleeding in the operation, reduce the damage to the healthy tissues in the operation area, can repeatedly carry out operation simulation training for many times, and not only strengthens the medical theoretical level of medical students, but also greatly improves the level of clinical operation skills through the setting of the simulation database, thereby improving the integral medical health level of teaching.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of using a medical student surgery operation simulation dummy of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a simulation database in a method for simulating a dummy for medical student operation according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a system diagram of a three-dimensional medical image network in a method for simulating a dummy for medical surgery operation according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a mobile phone navigation system in a method for simulating a dummy for medical surgery operation according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a flow chart of an algorithm in a method of using a medical student surgery operation simulation dummy of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a system diagram of a simulation database in a method for simulating a dummy for medical student's operation according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a functional schematic diagram of a three-dimensional medical image network in a method for simulating a medical student's operation in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a flow chart of the operation of the internal virtual endoscope in the method for simulating the operation of the medical student in the dummy.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are merely exemplary embodiments, rather than exemplary embodiments, and that all other embodiments may be devised by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "top/bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplification of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "sleeved/connected," "connected," and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., "connected," which may be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example (b):
referring to fig. 1-8, a method for using a medical student operation simulation dummy includes: s1, according to a two-dimensional film of radiological image data, such as DICOM3.0 files or images obtained by CT, MR.3D ultrasound and other medical equipment, intelligent processing of a simulation database is achieved through a three-dimensional medical image network, the images are reconstructed into a plurality of image formats, and the files are transmitted to the simulation database;
s2, the teacher selects the surgical operation subjects of the students from the operation simulation database through the teacher end, and establishes a connection relation for the student end;
s3, after the student establishes a relationship with the teacher through the student end, operating the simulation database to generate set human organ, skeleton and muscle images by using a three-dimensional medical image network;
s4, a teacher operates the simulated dummy at the teacher end, a teaching server triggers image fusion after receiving a surgical teaching requirement, meanwhile, information acquisition equipment at the teacher end acquires limb information and voice information of the teacher in real time, the limb information of the teacher is projected into a three-dimensional model, and the simulated dummy is operated and explained in real time through a three-dimensional medical image network;
s5, triggering the change of the shape and size of organs, bones and muscles in the three-dimensional model according to preset limb action information;
s6, the simulation database stores image information and voice information of the teacher operation overall process, and the image information and the voice information of all the teacher operation overall processes are stored in a classified mode according to operation types;
s7, receiving an online simulation request initiated by a student through a student user terminal by a simulation database, then establishing a three-dimensional model of a relative operation according to the request, and then operating and modifying the three-dimensional model by the student;
and S8, when the students operate, the simulation database records the actions of the students during operation and compares the actions with teacher videos stored in the simulation database.
In the embodiment of the invention, the multimedia teaching elements corresponding to sound, light, electricity, pictures and shadows can be integrated in time by modern digital, virtual and automatic technical means by applying virtual simulation in the experiment teaching, so that a more vivid experiment environment and simulated experiment content can be created for students, the learning interest and enthusiasm of the students can be promoted, the students can carefully observe systems, organs and tissue structures of a virtual human body from different angles and different directions during experiment operation, even the tissue structures can be disassembled and assembled, so that the internal structures can be deeply observed and recombined, the virtual simulation technology can also dynamically simulate specific experiment steps, experiment phenomena, experiment data and the like, further strengthen the experiment depth, improve the experiment application capability of the students, simultaneously greatly save the teaching cost by applying the virtual simulation technology, provide the students with repeated opportunities and repeated exploration of experimental study of human body experiments, can display the anatomical structures layer by layer, such as enhancing the scanning relationship and displaying the correct relationship of blood vessels around the students, greatly reduce the level of medical operation and improve the level of medical operation simulation of medical operation by reducing the teaching cost.
Specifically, a medical function module, a biochemistry and molecular biology module, a pathogenic organism and immunology module, a human anatomy module and a micro morphology module are arranged in the simulation database, system anatomy, local anatomy and tomography anatomy teaching videos are arranged in the simulation database, and the self-learning of students is assisted through animation, video, three-dimensional models and human function animation demonstration;
the medical functional module is used for carrying out simulation experiments on the cardiovascular system, the respiratory system, the nerve and skeletal muscle, the digestive system, the urinary system, pharmacokinetic experiments, acute right heart failure model replication, acute right heart failure models, rescue and the influence of nerve fluid factors on cardiovascular activity;
the biochemical and molecular biological module is used for carrying out simulation experiments on DNA purification, RNA extraction and purification, escherichia coli culture, plasmid transformation of Escherichia coli and fluorescent quantitative PCR;
the pathogenic organism and immunology module is used for proliferation of influenza A virus in chick embryo and passage cell, quantitative detection of hepatitis B virus, influenza virus hemagglutination experiment, allicin in vitro bacteriostasis experiment, antibiotic bacteriostasis experiment, measurement of serum antibody titer, and preparation of immune serum to perform simulation experiment;
the human anatomy module is composed of a digital human anatomy teaching system and is based on continuous real human body fault data: the method comprises the following steps of obtaining a male 2110 layer with the precision of 0.1-1mm and a female 3640 layer with the precision of 0.1-0.5mm, and three-dimensionally reconstructing 5000 fine and vivid anatomical structures;
the histopathology and parasitology digital teaching resources are arranged in the micro-morphology module, and digital sections which are difficult to collect specimens are applied to experiment teaching.
In the embodiment of the invention, through the arrangement of the medical mechanism and function module, medical students can carry out simulation experiments on cardiovascular systems, respiratory systems, nerves, skeletal muscles, digestive systems, urinary systems, pharmacodynamic experiments, pharmacokinetic experiments, acute right heart failure model replication, acute right heart failure models, rescue and the influence of nerve fluid factors on cardiovascular activities, thereby increasing the learning content of the medical students.
Specifically, in S4, an image processing system, an operation navigation system, a virtual cutting system and a collision detection system are arranged in a three-dimensional medical image network, the image processing system includes image segmentation and analysis, three-dimensional reconstruction of medical images and image registration and fusion, the operation navigation system includes an image workstation, processing software, a position detection device, a special operation tool and an operation tool adapter, the virtual cutting system is used for cutting rigid three-dimensional objects, and can be completed by surface cutting, cube cutting and an intelligent scalpel, the surface cutting is performed by planes in different directions and angles, the cutting is performed on the three-dimensional objects, the virtual cutting system defines a cutting plane by using a linked list structure, the addition of the linked list structure can flexibly and conveniently increase and delete the planes, and the positions and directions of the planes are adjusted to realize multi-plane cutting on the three-dimensional objects, the collision detection system can select an octree-level spherical bounding box on the basis of analyzing various model expression modes based on the particularity of collision detection in virtual operation simulation, the inter-octree-level spherical bounding boxes are constructed on the object, and the collision detection algorithm in the operation simulation process can be completed by using a recursive detection algorithm: the black nodes on the entities A and B are i and j respectively, the motion functions of the black nodes are Xi (t) and Xj (t), the node radiuses are ri and rj, the collision detection precision is epsilon, and then the collision detection condition between the entities A and B can be expressed as a condition 1- | Xi (t) -Xj (t) | = ri + rj (t 0; t1 is less than or equal to t), a condition 2- | ri is less than or equal to epsilon, and rj is less than or equal to epsilon.
In the embodiment of the invention, the image can be segmented, analyzed and three-dimensionally reconstructed through the setting of the image processing system, equipment, scenes and tools required in the simulated operation can be set through the setting of the operation navigation system, so that the reality of the operation simulation is improved, an operator can conveniently cut the simulated dummy through the setting of the virtual cutting system, the simulated dummy can be cut and displayed at multiple angles and visual angles, and the overlapped part of the dummy can be automatically deleted and subtracted through the setting of the collision detection system when the simulated dummy is operated, so that the reality of the simulated operation is improved.
The visual simulation system is used for simulating physiological or pharmacological changes of a human body by a computer or simulating work and environment of the human body, and is demonstrated through a computer display screen, the visual simulation system is used for learning the pharmacological effect of the inhalation anesthetic, the high-simulation system adopts a model with the size of a real person, the anatomical structure of the normal human body is simulated on the computer, the physiological response and the pharmacological response are controlled by the computer, the high-simulation system can simulate various physiological phenomena generated in the anesthetic process of the human body, the virtual simulation system can simulate objects or environments which can be sensed by the normal person from two aspects of vision and touch through the computer, and the degree of freedom in operation simulation is improved.
In the embodiment of the invention, the visual simulation system is arranged to facilitate the computer to simulate the physiological or pharmacological changes of the human body to an operator or simulate the work and environment of the operator, the visual simulation system is arranged to facilitate the operator to learn the pharmacological action of the inhaled narcotic, and the high-simulation system is arranged to simulate the anatomical structure of a normal human body on the computer, so that students can observe and learn the structure of the human body when cutting a simulated dummy conveniently.
Specifically, the three-dimensional medical image network in S4 includes the following functions:
volume Reconstruction (VR): an interactive operation mode is provided, teachers and students can freely add and remove various organizations, and the transparency of the various organizations is dynamically adjusted;
fast surface reconstruction (SSD): according to different data, different reconstruction targets are defined according to the tissue density or the signal difference and the space position of the tissue, and each reconstructed object can be combined, rotated, translated, cut, stretched and scaled at will;
arbitrary planar (curved) planar reformation (MPR, CPR): forming a three-dimensional model by a plurality of continuous plane tomograms, then disconnecting the model along a coronal plane, a sagittal plane or any inclined plane or even a curved surface, and forming a new tomogram;
virtual endoscope (Endoscopy): generating a 3D internal surface model of the organ using medical image data using advanced segmentation, reconstruction, display and automatic path planning algorithms, simulating the function of a video endoscope;
maximum (small) intensity projection (MIP): the effect similar to X-ray perspective can be observed at any angle, and the three-dimensional effect is simulated;
surgery simulation (Surgery): the operation simulation is that on the basis of the function of rapidly reconstructing the SSD on the surface, an operator can conveniently cut and combine various tissues, the display of the operation process is completely realized, and accurate operation data can be given in the process;
measurement (Measure): the system provides a convenient measuring function, can measure distance, area, volume and angle, and can automatically calculate the volume according to a target or manually select the area to calculate the volume of a complex structure.
In the embodiment of the invention, through the setting of volume reconstruction, teachers and students can conveniently add and remove various tissues freely, the transparency of various tissues is dynamically adjusted, through the setting of rapid surface reconstruction, different reconstruction targets can be defined according to the different used data and the tissue density or the signal difference and the space position of the tissues, each reconstructed object can be combined, rotated, translated, cut, stretched and scaled freely, through the setting of random plane (curved surface) recombination, a plurality of continuous plane sectional images can be combined into a three-dimensional model, then the model is broken along a coronal plane, a sagittal plane or a random inclined plane or even a curved surface to form a new sectional image, through the setting of a virtual endoscope, a 3D inner surface model of organs can be generated by using medical image data, the function of a video endoscope is simulated, through the setting of maximum (small) density projection, angles can be selected freely to view, the effect is simulated, through the setting of operation simulation three-dimensional, the operator can conveniently cut and combine various tissues, the display of the operation process is completely realized, the operation experience of the operation process can be displayed, the operation data can be provided, the operation data can be measured by an operation simulation system, and the reality sense of the operation can be improved, and the operation of the operation can be automatically calculated according to the simulated three-dimensional simulation.
Specifically, the virtual endoscope processes a two-dimensional medical image of a DICOM3.0 file or image by using a three-dimensional medical image network, and generates a three-dimensional dynamic view of a specific anatomical structure in a human body through three-dimensional reconstruction so as to simulate the inspection process and visual effect of a standard endoscope, and the virtual endoscope can conveniently observe various tubular organs, such as: trachea, esophagus, blood vessel and straight colon, and can conveniently observe such as stomach, bladder, ventricle and vertebral canal, the display density of the tube wall can be adjusted at any time by the virtual endoscope, the tissue structure of the tube wall can be observed, the tissue can be transparentized by the virtual endoscope, and the condition outside the tissue can be observed.
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, a three-dimensional dynamic view of a specific anatomical structure inside a human body can be generated by processing a two-dimensional medical image of a DICOM3.0 file or image using a three-dimensional medical image network through a virtual endoscope to simulate the examination process and visual effect of a standard endoscope, and various organs inside a simulated dummy can be constructed and displayed.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the equivalent replacement or change according to the technical solution and the modified concept of the present invention should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for using a medical student surgery operation simulation dummy is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, according to a two-dimensional slice of radiological image data, such as DICOM3.0 files or images obtained by CT, MR.3D ultrasound and other medical equipment, intelligently processing a simulation database through a three-dimensional medical image network, reconstructing the files into various image formats, and transmitting the files to the simulation database;
s2, the teacher selects the surgical operation subjects of the students from the operation simulation database through the teacher end, and establishes a connection relation for the student end;
s3, after the student establishes a relationship with the teacher through the student end, operating the simulation database to generate set human organ, skeleton and muscle images by using a three-dimensional medical image network;
s4, a teacher operates the simulated dummy at the teacher end, a teaching server triggers image fusion after receiving a surgical teaching requirement, meanwhile, information acquisition equipment at the teacher end acquires limb information and voice information of the teacher in real time, the limb information of the teacher is projected into a three-dimensional model, and the simulated dummy is operated and explained in real time through a three-dimensional medical image network;
s5, triggering the change of the shape and size of organs, bones and muscles in the three-dimensional model according to preset limb action information;
s6, the simulation database stores image information and voice information of the teacher operation overall process, and the image information and the voice information of all the teacher operation overall processes are stored in a classified mode according to operation types;
s7, receiving an online simulation request initiated by a student through a student user terminal by a simulation database, then establishing a three-dimensional model of a relative operation according to the request, and then operating and modifying the three-dimensional model by the student;
and S8, when the students operate, the simulation database records the actions of the students during operation and compares the actions with teacher videos stored in the simulation database.
2. The using method of the medical student operation simulation dummy according to claim 1, wherein a medical functional module, a biochemical and molecular biological module, a pathogenic organism and immunology module, a human anatomy module and a micro-morphology module are arranged in the simulation database, and a system anatomy, a local anatomy and a tomography anatomy teaching video are arranged in the simulation database, so as to assist students in learning independently through animation, video, three-dimensional models and human function animation demonstration;
the medical functional module is used for carrying out simulation experiments on the cardiovascular system, the respiratory system, the nerve and skeletal muscle, the digestive system, the urinary system, pharmacokinetic experiments, acute right heart failure model replication, acute right heart failure models, rescue and the influence of nerve fluid factors on cardiovascular activity;
the biochemical and molecular biological module is used for carrying out simulation experiments on DNA purification, RNA extraction and purification, escherichia coli culture, plasmid transformation of Escherichia coli and fluorescent quantitative PCR;
the pathogenic organism and immunology module is used for proliferation of influenza A virus in chick embryos and passage cells, quantitative detection of hepatitis B virus, influenza virus hemagglutination experiment, allicin in vitro bacteriostasis experiment, antibiotic bacteriostasis experiment, measurement of serum antibody titer and preparation of immune serum to carry out simulation experiment;
the human anatomy module is composed of a digital human anatomy teaching system, and according to continuous real human tomography data: the method comprises the following steps of obtaining a male 2110 layer with the precision of 0.1-1mm and a female 3640 layer with the precision of 0.1-0.5mm, and three-dimensionally reconstructing 5000 fine and vivid anatomical structures;
the microscopic morphology module is internally provided with histology, pathology and parasitology morphological digital teaching resources, and digital slices which are difficult to collect specimens are applied to experimental teaching.
3. The medical student surgery operation simulation dummy and the use method thereof according to claim 1, wherein in the S4 three-dimensional medical image network, an image processing system, a surgery navigation system, a virtual cutting system and a collision detection system are provided, the image processing system includes image segmentation and analysis, medical image three-dimensional reconstruction and image registration and fusion, the surgery navigation system includes an image workstation, processing software, a position detection device, a special surgery tool and a surgery tool adaptor, the virtual cutting system is used for cutting a rigid three-dimensional object and can be achieved by surface cutting, cube cutting and an intelligent scalpel, the surface cutting is achieved by planes in different directions and angles to cut the three-dimensional object, the virtual cutting system defines a cutting plane by using a linked list structure, the planes can be flexibly and conveniently added and deleted by adding the linked list structure, and the positions and directions of the planes are adjusted to achieve multi-plane cutting of the three-dimensional object, the collision detection system is based on the particularity of collision detection in virtual surgery simulation, on analyzing various model expression modes, an octree box is selected and surrounds the constructed on a spherical box, and a collision detection algorithm can be achieved by recursively detecting a collision of the three-dimensional object in a virtual tree based on a recursive test algorithm.
4. The use method of the medical student surgery operation simulation dummy according to claim 3, wherein the collision detection algorithm is: the black nodes on the entities A and B are i and j respectively, the motion functions of the black nodes are Xi (t) and Xj (t), the node radiuses are ri and rj, the collision detection precision is epsilon, and then the collision detection condition between the entities A and B can be expressed as a condition 1- (phi) Xi (t) -Xj (t) | = ri + rj (t 0; t1 is less than or equal to t), a condition 2- (ri is less than or equal to epsilon), and rj is less than or equal to epsilon.
5. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein a visual simulation system, a high-simulation system and a virtual simulation system are installed in the simulation database, the visual simulation system is used for simulating physiological or pharmacological changes of a human body by a computer, or simulating the work and environment of the human body, and is demonstrated through a computer display screen, the visual simulation system is used for learning the pharmacological effect of the inhaled anesthetic, the high-simulation system adopts a model with a real size, simulates the anatomical structure of a normal human body on the computer, is controlled by the computer in terms of physiological response and pharmacological response, can simulate various physiological phenomena generated in the anesthetic process of the human body, and can simulate an object or environment which can be sensed by a normal human from both visual and tactile aspects through the computer, so that the degree of freedom in operation simulation is improved.
6. The use method of the medical student operation simulation dummy according to claim 1, wherein the S4 three-dimensional medical image network includes the following functions:
volume Reconstruction (VR): an interactive operation mode is provided, teachers and students can freely add and remove various organizations, and the transparency of the various organizations is dynamically adjusted;
fast surface reconstruction (SSD): according to different data, different reconstruction targets are defined according to the density of the tissue or the signal difference and the space position of the tissue, and each object after reconstruction can be combined, rotated, translated, cut, stretched and scaled at will;
arbitrary planar (curved) planar reformation (MPR, CPR): forming a three-dimensional model by the continuous plane tomographic images, disconnecting the model along a coronal plane, a sagittal plane or any inclined plane or even a curved surface, and forming a new tomographic image;
virtual endoscope (Endoscopy): generating a 3D inner surface model of the organ using medical image data using advanced segmentation, reconstruction, display and automatic path planning algorithms, simulating the function of a video endoscope;
maximum (small) intensity projection (MIP): the effect similar to X-ray perspective can be observed at any angle, and the three-dimensional effect is simulated;
surgery simulation (Surgery): the operation simulation is that on the basis of the function of rapidly reconstructing the SSD on the surface, an operator can conveniently cut and combine various tissues, the display of the operation process is completely realized, and accurate operation data can be given in the process;
measurement (Measure): the system provides a convenient measuring function, can measure distance, area, volume and angle, and can automatically calculate the volume according to a target or manually select the area to calculate the volume of a complex structure.
7. The method as claimed in claim 6, wherein the virtual endoscope uses three-dimensional medical image network to process two-dimensional medical image of DICOM3.0 file or image, and generates three-dimensional dynamic view of specific anatomical structure inside human body through three-dimensional reconstruction, so as to simulate the examination process and visual effect of standard endoscope, and the virtual endoscope can conveniently observe various tubular organs, such as: trachea, esophagus, blood vessel and straight colon, and also can conveniently observe stomach, bladder, ventricles of brain and vertebral canal, the display density of the tube wall can be adjusted at any time by the virtual endoscope, the tissue structure of the tube wall can be observed, the tissue can be transparentized by the virtual endoscope, and the condition outside the tissue can be observed, two modes can be used in the virtual endoscope in the three-dimensional medical image network, one mode is a volume reconstruction endoscope which is usually used for observing the blood vessel, trachea and rectum, and the other mode is a surface reconstruction endoscope which is usually used for observing the spine.
8. A medical student surgery simulation dummy used in a method of using the medical student surgery simulation dummy according to claims 1 to 7.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116563246A (en) * | 2023-05-10 | 2023-08-08 | 之江实验室 | Training sample generation method and device for medical image aided diagnosis |
| CN116759052A (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2023-09-15 | 华平祥晟(上海)医疗科技有限公司 | Image storage management system and method based on big data |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN116563246A (en) * | 2023-05-10 | 2023-08-08 | 之江实验室 | Training sample generation method and device for medical image aided diagnosis |
| CN116563246B (en) * | 2023-05-10 | 2024-01-30 | 之江实验室 | Training sample generation method and device for medical image aided diagnosis |
| CN116759052A (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2023-09-15 | 华平祥晟(上海)医疗科技有限公司 | Image storage management system and method based on big data |
| CN116759052B (en) * | 2023-06-20 | 2024-04-05 | 华平祥晟(上海)医疗科技有限公司 | Image storage management system and method based on big data |
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