CN115467107A - Solvent vapor control system for porous yarn surface pore structure phase separation forming and porous yarn preparation method - Google Patents
Solvent vapor control system for porous yarn surface pore structure phase separation forming and porous yarn preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN115467107A CN115467107A CN202211032035.4A CN202211032035A CN115467107A CN 115467107 A CN115467107 A CN 115467107A CN 202211032035 A CN202211032035 A CN 202211032035A CN 115467107 A CN115467107 A CN 115467107A
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B3/00—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating
- D06B3/04—Passing of textile materials through liquids, gases or vapours to effect treatment, e.g. washing, dyeing, bleaching, sizing, impregnating of yarns, threads or filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B23/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
- D06B23/04—Carriers or supports for textile materials to be treated
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B23/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
- D06B23/20—Arrangements of apparatus for treating processing-liquids, -gases or -vapours, e.g. purification, filtration or distillation
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06B—TREATING TEXTILE MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPOURS
- D06B23/00—Component parts, details, or accessories of apparatus or machines, specially adapted for the treating of textile materials, not restricted to a particular kind of apparatus, provided for in groups D06B1/00 - D06B21/00
- D06B23/20—Arrangements of apparatus for treating processing-liquids, -gases or -vapours, e.g. purification, filtration or distillation
- D06B23/22—Arrangements of apparatus for treating processing-liquids, -gases or -vapours, e.g. purification, filtration or distillation for heating
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/227—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of hydrocarbons, or reaction products thereof, e.g. afterhalogenated or sulfochlorinated
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/21—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/31—Macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds of unsaturated nitriles
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/507—Polyesters
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/564—Polyureas, polyurethanes or other polymers having ureide or urethane links; Precondensation products forming them
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
- D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
- D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
- D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- D06M15/59—Polyamides; Polyimides
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
- Spinning Methods And Devices For Manufacturing Artificial Fibers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a solvent vapor control system for porous yarn surface pore structure phase separation molding and a porous yarn preparation method, wherein the system comprises a solvent vapor control device and a yarn conveying device; the solvent vapor control device mainly comprises a solvent environment bin, a temperature control table, a solvent vapor concentration detector and a ventilation system; the solvent environment bin mainly comprises a steam cover, a solvent steam concentration detector, an eyelet plate, metal meshes and a solvent storage tank, the temperature control console mainly comprises a heating platform, a digital display and a control button, and the ventilation system comprises an air inlet system and an air exhaust system; the solvent vapor control devices can be used singly or in combination, and when the solvent vapor control devices are used in combination, gradient control on the concentration of the solvent vapor can be realized. Compared with the prior art, the method can accurately control the concentration of the non-solvent vapor in the environment of the polymer solution on the surface of the yarn in a segmented manner, so that the phase separation speed of the polymer solution on the surface of the yarn is adjusted, and finally, the accurate regulation and control of the pore structure of the phase separation membrane is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of preparation of phase separation porous membranes, in particular to a solvent vapor control system for phase separation forming of a porous yarn surface pore structure and a porous yarn preparation method.
Background
The non-solvent induced phase separation method is a method for preparing a polymer porous film which is popular in recent years, and is widely applied to the preparation of polymer porous film materials due to the advantages of simple and convenient process, low cost, wide applicable raw material range and the like. In the process of non-solvent induced phase separation of a polymer solution, exchange and diffusion can occur between a solvent in the solution and a non-solvent in the environment, the proportion of the non-solvent in the solution is gradually increased, the solubility of a polymer solute in the solution is reduced, a solute-enriched phase is slowly separated out along with the evaporation of the solvent, and finally phase-separated pore structures with different shapes are obtained.
Currently, there have been some studies in the art by those skilled in the art. Patent CN200980141379.5 discloses a device for controlling the content of non-solvent in phase separation process, which comprises a polymer solution supply mechanism, an organic non-solvent supply mechanism, a mixed solution confluence portion, a tubular body, and a dispersion solution complement portion, although the invention can solve the problem of respective content when the polymer solution contacts with the non-solvent, it is difficult to precisely control the concentration gradient of the non-solvent and the polymer in the whole contact process, and it is necessary to change the device by replacing parts and changing the device, the process is complicated, the cost is high, and the related parameters which can be set are single, and it is difficult to control the concentration gradient more finely from multiple aspects. Patent CN201410748768.7 introduces a device for controlling the content of a non-solvent in a phase separation process, which comprises a steam generation and air supply system, an air flow direction control grid and a steam concentration detection probe, although the invention can control the content of the non-solvent steam and the flow rate problem, the steam flow is gathered and disorderly flows in the injection process, turbulence is formed in a spinning room, the non-solvent concentration distribution on the surface of a polymer solution is uneven, and the disturbance on the morphological structure of the polymer solution is too large along with the increase of the flow rate, the forming process is influenced, and a uniform steam concentration gradient is difficult to form. Patent CN201611167867.1 discloses a device for controlling the content of non-solvent vapor in the phase separation process, which is characterized in that a gas channel is arranged on a spinning channel, a gas circulation pipeline is connected on the gas channel, and a flow control valve and a temperature and humidity adjusting system are connected on the circulation pipeline. Patent CN201610924445.8 describes an apparatus for preparing porous membrane by using non-solvent induced phase separation, which uses the dispersion effect of the complex structure of the braided tube to control the contact area of polymer and non-solvent by coating polymer solution on the dense braided tube, thereby controlling the action concentration of non-solvent and realizing phase separation.
Therefore, the development of a solvent vapor control system capable of regulating and controlling the phase separation pore-forming process of the polymer solution is expected to solve the bottleneck problem and has very important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a solvent vapor control system for the phase separation molding of a porous yarn surface pore structure and a porous yarn preparation method, and solves the problem that the phase separation process of a polymer solution on the yarn surface is difficult to accurately regulate and control.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: a solvent vapor control system for phase separation molding of a porous yarn surface pore structure comprises a solvent vapor control device and a yarn conveying device;
the solvent vapor control device comprises a solvent environment bin, a temperature control table and a ventilation system;
the solvent environment bin comprises a steam cover, an eyelet plate, a metal mesh and a solvent storage tank;
the steam hood is formed by assembling and combining a plurality of independent small steam hoods, perforated plates are distributed on two sides of each small steam hood, metal meshes are positioned at the bottom of each small steam hood, and a solvent storage tank is positioned below the metal meshes;
the temperature control table comprises a heating table, and the heating table is positioned below the solvent storage tank;
the ventilation system comprises an air inlet system and an air exhaust system;
the air inlet system is positioned below the solvent steam control device and comprises an air inlet pipe and an air inlet device; the air exhaust system is positioned above the solvent steam control device and comprises an air exhaust pipe and an air exhaust device;
the yarn conveying device comprises an annular rotating gear, a transmission pulley, a height adjusting frame and a speed control device;
the annular rotating gear is in contact connection with the transmission pulley, and the height adjusting frame is connected with the transmission pulley. The speed control device is used for controlling the rotating speed of the annular rotating gear and the transmission pulley.
The steam hood is positioned above the whole solvent environment bin, and plays a role in isolating solvent steam. The eyelet plate is an inlet and an outlet connected with the solvent environment and is distributed on the front side and the rear side of the steam cover, and the size of the eyelets in the eyelet plate is adjusted according to the diameter of the yarn and is convenient to disassemble and replace. The metal mesh is positioned above the solvent storage tank, and the shape and the size of the metal mesh are the same as the bottom surface of the steam cover; the solvent storage tank is positioned below the metal mesh and made of a material resistant to solvent corrosion, and an opening-closing type bin door and a drawer type pulley are arranged outside the solvent storage tank, so that the solvent can be conveniently placed and taken out.
Preferably, the number of the yarn conveying devices is equal to the number of the solvent vapor control devices plus 2, wherein the number of the yarn conveying devices installed in the vapor hood is equal to that of the solvent vapor control devices, and the 2 yarn conveying devices installed outside are respectively positioned at the front end of the yarn inlet and the tail end of the yarn outlet of the solvent vapor control device.
The solvent vapor control device can be used singly or in combination, and when the solvent vapor control device is used in combination, gradient control on the concentration of the solvent vapor can be realized.
Preferably, the transmission pulley is meshed with the annular rotating gear to realize mechanical transmission.
Preferably, the number of the teeth of the annular rotating gear ranges from 30 to 70 teeth, the inner diameter ranges from 0.5 to 3mm, the rotating speed range of the annular rotating gear ranges from 0.1 to 1rad/s, the outer diameter range of the transmission pulley ranges from 8 to 15cm, the height adjusting range ranges from 10 to 30cm, the rotating speed range of the transmission pulley ranges from 1 to 1000r/min, and the transmission speed range is from 0 to 3m/s.
Further preferably, the transmission pulley controls the yarn to move along the axial direction, and the transmission speed range is 0-1 m/s. The annular rotary gear controls the yarn to rotate along the axial direction.
Preferably, a pressurizing device is arranged above the annular rotating gear. Aiming at the surface roughness and mechanical elastic compression characteristics of various yarns, the surface of an annular rotating gear is provided with elastic nitrile rubber rings with different roughness degrees, the width range of the rubber rings is 4-6 cm, the thickness range of the rubber rings is 0.1-0.5 mm, the rubber rings are pressurized above the gear, the surface friction force distribution of the yarns is controlled, and the pressure range is 10-220N.
Preferably, two pairs of clamping grooves are respectively formed in the lower portions of the left side and the right side of the small steam cover, so that the small steam covers can be conveniently combined and used in parallel and can be replaced.
Preferably, the steam cover is made of transparent material which is resistant to solvent corrosion, so that the action condition of the yarn and the solvent steam can be observed at any time.
Preferably, the material of the steam hood is polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate or polysulfone, the material can be changed according to the contained solvent, and the steam hood cannot be dissolved by the contained solvent, and has the advantages of solvent resistance, high transparency, air impermeability and high temperature resistance; the metal meshes are made of aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, nickel alloy or stainless steel; the solvent storage tank is made of aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, nickel alloy, stainless steel, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, mullite or silicate material.
Preferably, the steam cover is of a hollow structure and is in a cube shape, the side length is 20-50 cm, and a corrosion-resistant seal is arranged on a yarn feeding hole plate at the edge of the whole steam cover to prevent internal steam from leaking.
Preferably, the shape of the perforated plate is a rectangle, the length range is 5-8 cm, and the width range is 3-5 cm.
Preferably, the metal mesh is a square metal plate which can be detached and has the same size as the bottom surface of the steam hood.
Preferably, the holes in the hole plate are circular, have a radius of 0.5 to 5mm, the metal meshes have a mesh radius of 0.5 to 2cm, and 10 to 20 meshes are arranged in 4 to 8 rows in total perpendicular to the yarn conveying direction.
Preferably, the temperature range of the heating table is 1-400 ℃, the capacity of a single solvent storage tank is 1-5L, and the flow ranges of the air inlet pipe and the exhaust pipe are 1-300 m 3 The wind speed is 0.1-3 m/s.
Preferably, the temperature control platform mainly comprises a heating platform, a digital display and a control button, wherein the heating platform is positioned at the bottom of the solvent storage tank in the solvent environment bin, the digital display is positioned above the heating platform and is provided with the control button, and the control button is positioned below the digital display.
Preferably, the air inlet system is provided with a gas drying device, the air exhaust system is provided with an activated carbon adsorption box, the air inlet system and the air exhaust system are respectively provided with a main pipe and 1-4 branch pipes connected with the main pipe, and the number of the branch pipes is determined according to the number of the solvent steam control devices.
Further preferably, the radius range of the main pipe is 5-8 cm, the radius range of the branch pipe is 3-5 cm, the branch pipe of the air inlet system is close to the solvent storage tank, and the branch pipe of the air exhaust system is positioned at the center of each small steam cover.
Further preferably, the air inlet system is provided with a gas drying device and a gas temperature control device, and the air exhaust system is provided with an easily replaceable activated carbon adsorption device.
Preferably, the system further comprises a solvent vapor concentration detector located at the top of the solvent environmental chamber. The solvent steam concentration detector is arranged at the top in the steam hood and has the characteristic of solvent corrosion resistance.
The invention relates to a method for controlling the concentration of a solvent in the environment of a material by using vapor generated by heating a non-solvent and controlling the concentration of the solvent vapor passing through the environment by controlling the heating temperature, the ventilation speed and the yarn conveying speed, so as to adjust the phase separation speed of a polymer solution on the surface of yarn, adjust the pore structure of a phase separation membrane, realize gradient control on the concentration of the solvent vapor by parameter setting and aim to solve the problem of poor controllability of the phase separation speed of the existing non-solvent induced phase separation technology.
The technical principle of the invention is as follows:
under the control of a yarn conveying device, yarns coated with polymer solution on the surface enter a steam hood from an eyelet plate on the steam hood while rotating at a certain speed, and the angular speed and the conveying speed are adjusted according to the cloud point and the occupation ratio of the polymer in the solution and the speed of the required phase separation speed; under the action of the heating table, the non-solvent in the solvent storage tank is converted into non-solvent steam, and a steam cover is fully distributed, wherein the steam content in the cover is jointly controlled by the heating temperature and the fresh air volume and is jointly determined according to factors such as the compatibility of the solvent and the non-solvent, the boiling point of the non-solvent, the required aperture size and the like; under the action of an air inlet device, after external air is dried by a gas drying device, the external air flows into a steam hood from an air inlet pipe, the dry air carries solvent steam in the steam hood to form mixed steam, the mixed steam flows in the steam hood at a certain flow speed under the negative pressure action of an air draft device and is contacted with yarns to induce polymer solution on the surfaces of the yarns to generate phase separation to form a phase separation membrane pore structure, the concentration gradient, the temperature and the action time of the steam contacted with the surfaces of the yarns are controlled by controlling the heating temperature, the ventilation speed and the yarn transmission speed to realize controllable phase separation, the pore size and the porosity of a porous membrane are accurately regulated and controlled, the mixed steam after the action is adsorbed and recovered by an activated carbon adsorption box and is exhausted into the atmosphere in the form of dry air, and the environmental pollution is reduced while the accurate control is realized.
A porous yarn preparation method, which is carried out by using the solvent vapor control system.
Preferably, the yarn is a natural fiber yarn, a synthetic fiber yarn or a natural/synthetic composite yarn, wherein the natural fiber yarn is one or a combination of more of cotton, kapok, hemp, wood pulp, bamboo pulp, wool, silk, wood, chitin, collagen and silk fibroin yarn; the synthetic fiber yarn is one or a combination of several of polylactic acid-caprolactone, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl alcohol, polyvinyl butyral, phenolic resin, polyacrylic acid, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polylactic acid, polylactic glycolic acid, polysulfone, polystyrene copolymerized maleic anhydride, polymethyltriethoxysilane, polyglutamic acid, polycaprolactone, poly (p-phenylene vinylene), poly (ethylene propylene lactide), poly (ethylene diyne), polyurethane, polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, polyvinyl acetate, polypropylene, polyethylene glycol, polyetherimide, polybenzimidazole, polybenzoxazine, poly (m-phenylene terephthalamide), poly (p-phenylene terephthalamide), polyimide, polyethylene terephthalate, poly (propylene terephthalate), poly (methyl methacrylate), polyether ether ketone, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene oxide, polyvinyl carbazole, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyamide, polyaramide, polyacrylamide, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polydioxanone, poly (trihydroxybutyrate), polyhydroxybutyrate, polycarbonate, poly (butylene succinate) and poly (butylene terephthalate-co-succinate) yarn.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the method can accurately control the concentration of the non-solvent steam in the environment of the polymer solution on the surface of the yarn in a segmented manner, so that the phase separation speed of the polymer solution on the surface of the yarn is adjusted, and the accurate regulation and control of the pore structure of the phase separation membrane is finally realized;
2. the solvent vapor control system realizes gradient control on the environment solvent vapor environment through the combination of a plurality of vapor control devices, the gradient number can be adjusted by the combination number, and the combination number is 1-4;
3. according to the invention, a certain speed difference is formed between each two conveying devices by independently controlling the single conveying device, so that the yarn is ensured to have proper tension in the advancing process, and the yarn is prevented from deforming under the heat action in the steam hood and the impact of air flow;
4. the invention can accurately regulate and control air inlet flux, air exhaust flux and heating temperature, ensures the safety of processing environment while ensuring the concentration of solvent vapor to be stable and controllable, and effectively avoids the problems of personnel health damage, environmental pollution and the like caused by the leakage of organic solvent.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a solvent vapor control system for phase separation of porous yarn surface pore structure according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a left side view of a yarn conveying device of a solvent vapor control system for phase separation formation of porous yarn surface pore structures in accordance with the present invention;
in the figure: 1-solvent steam control device, 2-yarn conveying device, 3-solvent steam concentration detector, 4-steam cover, 5-perforated plate, 6-metal mesh, 7-solvent storage tank, 8-heating table, 9-digital display, 10-control button, 11-air inlet pipe, 12-gas drying device, 13-air inlet device, 14-air exhaust pipe, 15-activated carbon adsorption box, 16-air exhaust device, 17-annular rotating gear, 18-transmission pulley, 19-height adjusting frame and 20-speed control device.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments. The following examples are carried out on the premise of the technical scheme of the invention, and detailed embodiments and specific operation processes are given, but the scope of the invention is not limited to the following examples.
Example 1
A solvent vapor control system for phase separation molding of porous yarn surface pore structure is shown in figures 1-2 and comprises a yarn conveying device 2 and a solvent vapor control device 1.
The yarn transmission device mainly comprises an annular rotating gear 17, a transmission pulley 18, a height adjusting frame 19 and a speed control device 20;
the annular rotating gear 17 is in contact connection with the transmission pulley 18, the height adjusting frame 19 is cylindrical and is fixedly connected with the transmission pulley 18, and the speed control device 20 is fixedly connected with the lower part of the height adjusting frame 19; wherein the rotating speed range of the transmission pulley 18 is 1-1000 r/min, the transmission speed is 0-3 m/s, the rotating speed range of the annular rotating gear 17 is 1-120 r/min, the tooth number range is 15-20 teeth, the bandwidth range is 5-8 cm, the surface is provided with elasticated nitrile rubber rings with different roughness degrees, the bandwidth range of the rubber rings is 4-6 cm, the thickness range is 0.1-0.5 mm, the pressure range is 100-220N, the transmission pulley 18 is pressurized above the gear, the bandwidth range is 5-8 cm, the diameter range of the height adjusting frame 19 is 5-8 cm, and the height adjusting range is 10-30 cm.
The solvent vapor control device mainly comprises a solvent environment bin, a temperature control table and a ventilation system;
the solvent environment bin mainly comprises a steam cover 4, a perforated plate 5, a metal mesh 6 and a solvent storage tank 7;
the steam cover 4 is formed by assembling and combining a plurality of independent small steam covers, the perforated plates 5 are distributed on two sides of each small steam cover and are respectively positioned at the same position relative to the steam cover 4, the metal meshes 6 are positioned at the bottom of the steam cover, the shapes and the sizes of the metal meshes 6 are the same as the bottom surface of the steam cover 4, the solvent storage tank 7 is positioned below the metal meshes 6, and the outside of the solvent storage tank is provided with an opening-closing type bin gate; wherein the side length range of each small steam cover is 20-50 cm, the meshes of the metal meshes 6 are circular, the radius range is 0.5-1 cm, 4-8 rows of meshes are arranged in the direction vertical to the yarn conveying direction, 10-20 meshes are arranged in each row, the shape of the perforated plate is rectangular, the length range is 5-8 cm, the width range is 3-5 cm, the perforations on the perforated plate are circular, the radius range is 0.5-5 mm, and the capacity of a single solvent storage tank is 1-5L; the material of the steam cover is polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polyethylene terephthalate, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene and polysulfone, the material can be changed according to the contained solvent and can not be dissolved by the solvent, the material of the steam cover is solvent-resistant, high in transparency, air-tight and high-temperature-resistant, and the material of the metal mesh and the solvent storage tank is aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, nickel alloy and stainless steel.
The temperature control table mainly comprises a heating table 8, a digital display 9 and a control button 10;
the heating table 8 is positioned at the bottommost part of the whole device, is in a cuboid shape, is aligned with the whole steam hood in length and width, the digital display 9 is positioned above the heating table and is provided with a control button 10, the digital display 9 is positioned below the digital display 9, the digital display 9 is tightly connected with the control button 10, and the control button 10 is provided with a numeric keyboard and can adjust temperature parameters; wherein the height range of the heating table 8 is 8-15 cm, and the temperature range is 1-400 ℃.
The ventilation system consists of an air inlet system and an air exhaust system;
the air inlet system is positioned below the whole steam control device and mainly comprises an air inlet pipe 11, a gas drying device 12 and an air inlet device 13; the air draft system is positioned above the whole main steam control device and mainly comprises an air draft pipe 14, an activated carbon adsorption box 15 and an air draft device 16.
Example 2
The preparation method of the porous yarn by utilizing the solvent vapor control system for the phase separation forming of the surface pore structure of the porous yarn comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: adding non-solvent water corresponding to the polymer in the solution covering the surface of the yarn into a liquid storage tank bin, setting the heating temperature to be 100 ℃, and setting the fresh air volume to be 10m 3 The solvent steam control device is started;
the second step is that: when the concentration of the solvent reaches a set value, covering the yarn with polyurethane solution on the surface with a hole plate with proper size and quantity, placing the yarn on a yarn conveying device, setting the speed of a transmission pulley to be 0.5m/s, setting the rotating speed of an annular rotating gear to be 0.4rad/s, setting a height adjusting frame to be 20cm, starting the yarn conveying device, slowly passing the yarn through a solvent steam control device, contacting the polymer solution on the surface with a non-solvent in a steam bin, carrying out phase separation, and forming a hole structure;
the third step: and (3) carrying out solvent replacement and drying treatment on the yarn passing through the solvent steam control device, volatilizing the solvent, and solidifying the porous shape of the solute to obtain the yarn with porous surface.
The final yarn surface pore diameter is 80nm, and the surface layer porous membrane thickness is 178 μm.
Example 3
The preparation method of the porous yarn by utilizing the solvent vapor control system for the phase separation forming of the surface pore structure of the porous yarn comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: adding non-solvent ethanol corresponding to the polymer in the solution covering the surface of the yarn into a liquid storage tank bin, setting the heating temperature to be 78 ℃ and setting the fresh air volume to be 15m 3 The solvent steam control device is started;
the second step is that: when the concentration of the solvent reaches a set value, putting a yarn sleeve covered with polylactic acid solution on a pore plate with proper size and quantity on a yarn conveying device, setting the speed of a transmission pulley to be 0.8m/s, the rotating speed of an annular rotating gear to be 0.6rad/s, setting a height adjusting frame to be 20cm, starting the yarn conveying device, slowly passing the yarn through a solvent steam control device, contacting the polymer solution on the surface with a non-solvent in a steam bin, carrying out phase separation, and forming a pore structure;
the third step: and (3) carrying out solvent replacement and drying treatment on the yarn passing through the solvent steam control device, volatilizing the solvent, and solidifying the porous shape of the solute to obtain the yarn with porous surface.
The final yarn surface pore diameter was 430nm and the surface layer porous membrane thickness was 198 μm.
Example 4
The preparation method of the porous yarn by utilizing the solvent vapor control system for the phase separation forming of the surface pore structure of the porous yarn comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: adding non-solvent acetone corresponding to the polymer in the solution covering the surface of the yarn into a storage tank bin, setting the heating temperature to 57 ℃, and setting the fresh air volume to 8m 3 The solvent steam control device is started;
the second step: when the concentration of the solvent reaches a set value, putting a yarn sleeve covered with the polyamide solution on a pore plate with proper size and quantity on a yarn conveying device, setting the speed of a transmission pulley to be 1.5m/s, the rotating speed of an annular rotating gear to be 0.4rad/s, setting a height adjusting frame to be 20cm, starting the yarn conveying device, slowly passing the yarn through a solvent steam control device, contacting the polymer solution on the surface with a non-solvent in a steam bin, carrying out phase separation, and forming a pore structure;
the third step: and (3) carrying out solvent replacement and drying treatment on the yarn passing through the solvent steam control device, volatilizing the solvent, and solidifying the porous shape of the solute to obtain the yarn with porous surface.
The final yarn surface pore size was 12 μm and the skin porous membrane thickness was 273 μm.
Example 5
The porous yarn is prepared by utilizing a solvent vapor control system for phase separation forming of a porous yarn surface pore structure, and the preparation steps are as follows:
the first step is as follows: adding the non-solvent dichloroethane corresponding to the polymer in the solution covering the surface of the yarn into a storage tank bin, setting the heating temperature to be 84 ℃ and the fresh air volume to be 20m 3 The solvent steam control device is started;
the second step is that: when the concentration of the solvent reaches a set value, putting a hole plate with proper size and quantity on a yarn sleeve covered with polyacrylonitrile solution on the surface, putting the yarn sleeve on a yarn conveying device, setting the speed of a transmission pulley to be 0.7m/s, setting the rotating speed of an annular rotating gear to be 100r/min, setting a height adjusting frame to be 20cm, starting the yarn conveying device, slowly passing the yarn through a solvent steam control device, contacting the polymer solution on the surface with a non-solvent in a steam bin, carrying out phase separation, and forming a hole structure;
the third step: and (3) carrying out solvent replacement and drying treatment on the yarn passing through the solvent steam control device, volatilizing the solvent, and solidifying the porous shape of the solute to obtain the yarn with porous surface.
The final yarn surface aperture is 98 μm, and the surface layer porous membrane thickness is 310 μm.
Example 6
The preparation method of the porous yarn by utilizing the solvent vapor control system for the phase separation forming of the surface pore structure of the porous yarn comprises the following steps:
the first step is as follows: adding non-solvent toluene corresponding to polymers in the solution covering the surface of the yarn into a storage tank bin, setting the heating temperature to 57 ℃, and setting the fresh air volume to 16m 3 The solvent steam control device is started;
the second step: when the concentration of the solvent reaches a set value, covering the yarns covered with the polypropylene solution on a perforated plate with proper size and quantity, placing the yarns on a yarn conveying device, setting the speed of a transmission pulley to be 1.3m/s, setting the rotating speed of an annular rotating gear to be 0.8rad/s, setting a height adjusting frame to be 20cm, starting the yarn conveying device, enabling the yarns to slowly pass through a solvent steam control device, enabling the polymer solution on the surface to be in contact with a non-solvent in a steam bin, performing phase separation, and forming a hole structure;
the third step: and (3) carrying out solvent replacement and drying treatment on the yarn passing through the solvent steam control device, volatilizing the solvent, and solidifying the porous shape of the solute to obtain the yarn with porous surface.
The final yarn surface aperture was 190nm and the surface layer porous membrane thickness was 254 μm.
The embodiments described above are intended to facilitate a person of ordinary skill in the art in understanding and using the invention. It will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications to these embodiments may be made, and the generic principles described herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the inventive faculty. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and those skilled in the art should make improvements and modifications within the scope of the present invention based on the disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A solvent vapor control system for phase separation molding of a porous yarn surface pore structure is characterized by comprising a solvent vapor control device and a yarn conveying device;
the solvent vapor control device comprises a solvent environment bin, a temperature control table and a ventilation system;
the solvent environment bin comprises a steam cover (4), an eyelet plate (5), a metal mesh (6) and a solvent storage tank (7);
the steam hood (4) is formed by splicing and combining a plurality of independent small steam hoods, the perforated plates (5) are distributed on two sides of each small steam hood, the metal meshes (6) are positioned at the bottom of each small steam hood, and the solvent storage tank (7) is positioned below the metal meshes (6);
the temperature control table comprises a heating table (8), and the heating table (8) is positioned below the solvent storage tank (7);
the ventilation system comprises an air inlet system and an air exhaust system;
the air inlet system is positioned below the solvent steam control device and comprises an air inlet pipe (11) and an air inlet device (13); the air draft system is positioned above the solvent steam control device and comprises an air draft pipe (14) and an air draft device (16);
the yarn conveying device comprises an annular rotating gear (17), a transmission pulley (18), a height adjusting frame (19) and a speed control device (20);
the annular rotating gear (17) is in contact connection with the transmission pulley (18), and the height adjusting frame (19) is connected with the transmission pulley (18).
2. The system for phase separation of porous yarn surface pore structure according to claim 1, wherein the number of the yarn feeding devices is 2 added to the number of the solvent vapor controlling devices, wherein the number of the yarn feeding devices installed inside the vapor hood (4) is equal to the number of the solvent vapor controlling devices, and the 2 yarn feeding devices installed outside are respectively located at the yarn inlet front end and the yarn outlet end of the solvent vapor controlling devices.
3. The solvent vapor control system for phase separation of porous yarn surface pore structure according to claim 1, wherein the number of teeth of the ring-shaped rotating gear (17) is in the range of 30-70 teeth, the inner diameter is in the range of 0.5-3 mm, the rotating speed of the ring-shaped rotating gear (17) is in the range of 0.1-1 rad/s, the outer diameter of the transmission pulley (18) is in the range of 8-15 cm, the rotating speed of the transmission pulley (18) is in the range of 1-1000 r/min, and the transmission speed is in the range of 0-3 m/s.
4. The solvent vapor control system for phase separation molding of porous yarn surface pore structure according to claim 1, characterized in that a pressurizing device is provided above the ring-shaped rotating gear (17); two pairs of clamping grooves are respectively arranged below the left side and the right side of the small steam cover.
5. The solvent vapor control system for phase separation molding of the surface pore structure of the porous yarn according to claim 1, wherein the vapor hood (4) is made of polymethyl methacrylate, polycarbonate, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene, polyethylene terephthalate or polysulfone; the metal meshes (6) are made of aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, nickel alloy or stainless steel; the material of the solvent storage tank (7) is aluminum alloy, titanium alloy, nickel alloy, stainless steel, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium oxide, mullite or silicate material.
6. The solvent vapor control system for phase separation molding of porous yarn surface pore structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the aperture radius of the aperture plate (5) is 0.5 to 5mm, the aperture radius of the metal mesh (6) is 0.5 to 2cm, and there are 4 to 8 rows of meshes in total perpendicular to the yarn conveying direction, and 10 to 20 meshes in each row.
7. The system for controlling the solvent vapor for the phase separation molding of the pore structure on the surface of the porous yarn according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the heating table (8) ranges from 1 to 400 ℃, the capacity of a single solvent storage tank (7) ranges from 1 to 5L, and the flow ranges of the air inlet pipe (11) and the air exhaust pipe (14) are from 1 to 300m 3 The wind speed range is 0.1-3 m/s.
8. The solvent vapor control system for the phase separation molding of the porous yarn surface pore structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein the air inlet system is provided with a gas drying device (12), the air exhaust system is provided with an activated carbon adsorption box (15), the air inlet system and the air exhaust system are respectively provided with a main pipe and 1-4 branch pipes connected with the main pipe, and the number of the branch pipes is determined according to the number of the solvent vapor control devices.
9. The system of claim 1, further comprising a solvent vapor concentration detector located at the top of the solvent environment chamber.
10. A method of preparing a porous yarn using the solvent vapor control system of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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