CN115466565A - Coating composition for photovoltaic module packaging, preparation method of composite material for packaging and photovoltaic module - Google Patents

Coating composition for photovoltaic module packaging, preparation method of composite material for packaging and photovoltaic module Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115466565A
CN115466565A CN202211139268.4A CN202211139268A CN115466565A CN 115466565 A CN115466565 A CN 115466565A CN 202211139268 A CN202211139268 A CN 202211139268A CN 115466565 A CN115466565 A CN 115466565A
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photovoltaic module
coating composition
packaging
composite material
photoinitiator
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CN115466565B (en
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何伟
盛金林
周浩赢
焦海军
高晓燕
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Jiangsu Tianhe Lantu New Energy Technology Co ltd
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Jiangsu Tianhe Lantu New Energy Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
    • C09D175/00—Coating compositions based on polyureas or polyurethanes; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
    • C09D175/04—Polyurethanes
    • C09D175/14—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B37/00—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding
    • B32B37/10—Methods or apparatus for laminating, e.g. by curing or by ultrasonic bonding characterised by the pressing technique, e.g. using action of vacuum or fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
    • B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/24—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs
    • C08J5/241—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using inorganic fibres
    • C08J5/244—Impregnating materials with prepolymers which can be polymerised in situ, e.g. manufacture of prepregs using inorganic fibres using glass fibres
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
    • H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
    • H01L31/04—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof adapted as photovoltaic [PV] conversion devices
    • H01L31/042—PV modules or arrays of single PV cells
    • H01L31/048—Encapsulation of modules
    • H01L31/0481—Encapsulation of modules characterised by the composition of the encapsulation material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/02—Coating on the layer surface on fibrous or filamentary layer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
    • B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
    • B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
    • B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/30—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular thermal properties
    • B32B2307/306—Resistant to heat
    • B32B2307/3065—Flame resistant or retardant, fire resistant or retardant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/40—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular optical properties
    • B32B2307/412—Transparent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
    • B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/71—Resistive to light or to UV
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/712—Weather resistant
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
    • B32B2307/70—Other properties
    • B32B2307/718—Weight, e.g. weight per square meter
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
    • B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
    • B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
    • B32B2457/12—Photovoltaic modules
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2375/00—Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2375/04—Polyurethanes
    • C08J2375/14—Polyurethanes having carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
    • C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
    • C08K7/14—Glass
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Condensed Matter Physics & Semiconductors (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Paints Or Removers (AREA)
  • Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a coating composition for packaging a photovoltaic module, a preparation method of a composite material for packaging and the photovoltaic module, wherein the coating composition for packaging the photovoltaic module comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10-80% of urethane acrylate, 10-80% of monomer diluent, 0.1-5% of anti-aging agent, 0.1-3% of photoinitiator, 0.3-5% of thermal initiator and 0.1-5% of coupling agent, based on the weight of the coating composition for photovoltaic module encapsulation; the polyurethane acrylate is selected from one or more of monofunctional polyurethane acrylate, difunctional polyurethane acrylate and trifunctional polyurethane acrylate. The preparation method of the composite material comprises dip-coating the coating composition for photovoltaic module encapsulation on a glass fiber product, partially curing the coating composition for photovoltaic module encapsulation by radiation, and then pressing and forming. The composite material for packaging the photovoltaic module is light in weight, good in flexibility, high in transmittance, and excellent in ultraviolet resistance, ageing resistance, impact resistance and fire resistance.

Description

Coating composition for packaging photovoltaic module, preparation method of composite material for packaging and photovoltaic module
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic packaging, in particular to a coating composition for photovoltaic module packaging, a preparation method of a composite material for packaging and a photovoltaic module.
Background
Along with the progress of the society, the energy demand is enlarged, and low carbon life leads the life more and more, and carbon neutralization puts forward higher requirements on the development of energy and environment, and the demands such as light weight, softness and the like on a photovoltaic module are favored by customers more and more. At present, engineering plastics such as PC, PMMA or transparent PET and other thermoplastics are mainly used in the market, a fluorocarbon resin transparent back plate is also proposed to be used as a front plate on the surface of PET, but thermoplastic high polymer materials have the reason of linear expansion rate, so that a silicon-based battery cannot be perfectly protected, and the silicon-based battery is particularly used in a cold-hot alternating environment. In addition, the service life and flame retardancy of the product limit its use. In the prior art, some transparent high polymer materials are used as front-end materials, such as transparent PET of Chinese strand. Some of the above powder coating made by sea and glass fiber cloth as the carrier packaging material. The transparent high polymer material serving as a front-end material has the defects of non-flame retardance, short service life and poor impact resistance, and if the thickness of the thermoplastic high polymer layer is increased, the welding strip of the silicon-based battery piece is broken when the transparent high polymer material is used in a cold and hot alternating environment, so that the potential hazard that the estimation cannot be carried out is caused. A large amount of powder ash is easily caused in the processing process of the powder coating, and the production environment is strictly required; in addition, the powder coating has high requirements on the construction process, is easy to generate bubbles, has high curing temperature and high energy consumption.
The unit weight of the existing double-glass and single-glass components is heavy, along with the development of the photovoltaic industry, the demand of light flexible components is different from month to month, and how to prepare the composite material for packaging the components with good flexibility, light weight and high impact resistance is a technical problem to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a coating composition for packaging a photovoltaic module, a preparation method of a composite material for packaging and the photovoltaic module.
In a first aspect, the invention relates to a coating composition for encapsulating a photovoltaic module, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10-80% of urethane acrylate, 10-80% of monomer diluent, 0.1-5% of anti-aging agent, 0.1-3% of photoinitiator, 0.3-5% of thermal initiator and 0.1-5% of coupling agent, based on the weight of the coating composition for encapsulating the photovoltaic module; the polyurethane acrylate is selected from one or more of monofunctional polyurethane acrylate, difunctional polyurethane acrylate and trifunctional polyurethane acrylate.
Optionally, the refractive index of the urethane acrylate and the monomer diluent are each independently 1.45 to 1.51.
Optionally, the monomer diluent is selected from one or more of dipropylene glycol diacrylate, 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, and pentaerythritol triacrylate.
Optionally, the anti-aging agent is selected from one or more combinations of benzotriazoles, hindered phenolic amines and triazines.
Optionally, the photoinitiator is selected from one or a combination of several of photoinitiator 184, photoinitiator 1173, photoinitiator 907 and photoinitiator 1700.
Optionally, the thermal initiator is selected from the group consisting of benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide and a combination of one or more of tert-butyl peroxybenzoate; the coupling agent is selected from silane coupling agents.
In a second aspect, the present invention relates to a method for preparing a composite material for photovoltaic module encapsulation, comprising the steps of: (1) Dip-coating the coating composition for packaging the photovoltaic module on a glass fiber product, and partially curing the coating composition for packaging the photovoltaic module through radiation to obtain a pre-cured sheet; and (2) carrying out compression molding on the pre-cured sheet.
Optionally, the press forming the pre-cured sheet comprises: and (3) separating the pre-cured sheets by using an isolation film for stacking to obtain a plate blank, and performing compression molding on the plate blank.
Optionally, in step (1), the glass fiber product is selected from glass mat and/or glass fiber cloth; the glass felt is prepared by mixing one or more of short cut wires or continuous glass fiber short cut wires; the gram weight of the single-layer glass felt is 20g-200g, and the air permeability of the single-layer glass felt per square meter is 30 m-300 m 3 /min。
Optionally, the coating composition for encapsulating a photovoltaic module on a unit area of the fiberglass article is used in an amount of 50 to 300% by weight of the fiberglass article.
Optionally, the curing degree of the coating composition for photovoltaic module encapsulation in the pre-cured sheet is 5 to 80%.
Optionally, the compression molding is carried out in a multilayer high-pressure press, and the composite material for photovoltaic module encapsulation is obtained by cooling and molding when the unit pressure is 3-10Mpa and the temperature of the plate core reaches 135-145 ℃.
In a third aspect, the present invention relates to a photovoltaic module, the coating in the photovoltaic module encapsulating composite material being selected from the above-mentioned coating compositions for encapsulating photovoltaic modules.
Has the advantages that:
the composite material for packaging the photovoltaic module is light in weight, good in flexibility, high in transmittance and low in cost, can realize industrial production, is excellent in ultraviolet resistance, ageing resistance, impact resistance and fire resistance, and can meet the standards of the photovoltaic industry.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for preparing the composite material for encapsulating the photovoltaic module according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of a photovoltaic module encapsulated with a composite material according to test example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of another embodiment of a photovoltaic module encapsulated with a composite material according to test example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to the figures and examples. The features and advantages of the present application will become more apparent from the description.
The word "exemplary" is used exclusively herein to mean "serving as an example, embodiment, or illustration. Any embodiment described herein as "exemplary" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. While the various aspects of the embodiments are presented in drawings, the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale unless specifically indicated.
In addition, the technical features related to the different embodiments of the present application described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
In a first aspect, the invention relates to a coating composition for encapsulating a photovoltaic module, which comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10-80% of urethane acrylate, 10-80% of monomer diluent, 0.1-5% of anti-aging agent, 0.1-3% of photoinitiator, 0.3-5% of thermal initiator and 0.1-5% of coupling agent, based on the weight of the coating composition for encapsulating the photovoltaic module; the polyurethane acrylate is selected from one or more of monofunctional polyurethane acrylate, difunctional polyurethane acrylate and trifunctional polyurethane acrylate.
The light photovoltaic module packaging coating can be called an acrylic coating for short. The coating composition for encapsulating the photovoltaic module is a light coating composition for encapsulating the photovoltaic module. According to the coating composition for packaging the photovoltaic module, disclosed by the invention, one or more of monofunctional group polyurethane acrylate, bifunctional group polyurethane acrylate and trifunctional group polyurethane acrylate are used as polyurethane acrylate, so that a composite material for packaging the high-impact-resistance module with good flexibility and light weight can be prepared. It should be noted that monofunctional urethane acrylate may also be referred to as monofunctional urethane acrylate or monofunctional urethane acrylate.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the refractive index of the urethane acrylate and the monomer diluent are each independently 1.45 to 1.51.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the monomer diluent is selected from one or more of dipropylene glycol diacrylate, 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, and pentaerythritol triacrylate.
The refractive index of 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate was 1.456; the refractive index of the trimethylolpropane triacrylate is 1.472; the refractive index of pentaerythritol triacrylate was 1.488.
The refractive index of the monomer diluent may be 1.45 to 1.51.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the anti-aging agent is selected from one or more combinations of benzotriazoles, hindered phenolic amines and triazines.
The anti-aging agent may be one or a combination of UV1130, UV292, UV400 and UV 405.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the photoinitiator is selected from one or a combination of several of the photoinitiators 184, 1173, 907 and 1700.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the thermal initiator is selected from the group consisting of benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide and a combination of one or more of tert-butyl peroxybenzoate; the coupling agent is selected from silane coupling agents.
Specifically, the coupling agent may be KH550, KH560 or KH570.
In a second aspect, the present invention relates to a method for preparing a composite material for photovoltaic module encapsulation, as shown in fig. 1, comprising the steps of: (1) Dip-coating the coating composition for packaging the photovoltaic module on a glass fiber product, and partially curing the coating composition for packaging the photovoltaic module through radiation to obtain a pre-cured sheet; and (2) carrying out compression molding on the pre-cured sheet.
It should be noted that, the dip coating in step (1) may be performed by dip coating or curtain coating, and the radiation in step (1) may be mercury lamp radiation or ultraviolet radiation. The composite material for packaging the photovoltaic module is a light composite material for packaging the photovoltaic module.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, press forming the pre-cured sheet comprises: and (3) separating and stacking the pre-cured sheets by using an isolation film to obtain a plate blank, and performing compression molding on the plate blank.
It should be noted that, through the pre-curing, the resin is pre-cured on the glass fiber mat, which is convenient for the secondary transfer, and under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure, the single-layer multi-sheet simultaneous pressing can be realized for the pre-cured sheet material through the cold-in and cold-out mode.
The packaging composite material has high transmittance and high impact resistance, realizes secondary transfer of liquid acrylic resin to a glass fiber mat dip-coated sheet in a photocuring mode (radiation), realizes one-layer pressing of a plurality of sheets in a multi-layer high-pressure preparation mode, is low in cost, and can realize industrialization.
The composite material for photovoltaic packaging can be prepared by taking a glass fiber mat as a base material, dip-coating an acrylic resin coating, and pre-curing the acrylic resin coating through radiation curing, so that secondary transfer is facilitated, and multiple sheets of materials can be simultaneously hot-pressed under the conditions of high temperature and high pressure. The composite material for packaging the photovoltaic module has excellent ultraviolet resistance (weather resistance), ageing resistance and impact resistance, and has light weight and high transmittance.
According to one embodiment of the inventionIn the step (1), the glass fiber product is selected from glass felt and/or glass fiber cloth; the glass mat is prepared by mixing one or more of short cut threads or continuous glass fiber short cut threads; the gram weight of the single-layer glass felt is 20g-200g, and the air permeability of the single-layer glass felt per square meter is 30 m-300 m 3 /min。
The glass mat is composed of a single layer or a plurality of layers of glass mats.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, the coating composition for photovoltaic module encapsulation per unit area of the glass fiber product is used in an amount of 50 to 300% by weight of the glass fiber product.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the curing degree of the coating composition for photovoltaic module encapsulation in the pre-cured sheet is 5 to 80%.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the compression molding is carried out in a multilayer high-pressure press, and the composite material for photovoltaic module encapsulation is obtained by cooling molding when the unit pressure is 3-10Mpa and the temperature of the plate core reaches 135-145 ℃.
In a third aspect, the present invention relates to a photovoltaic module, wherein the coating layer in the composite material for encapsulating a photovoltaic module is selected from the above-mentioned coating composition for encapsulating a photovoltaic module.
The composite material for packaging the photovoltaic module is light in weight, high in transmittance and low in cost, can realize industrial production, and meets the photovoltaic industry standards of ultraviolet resistance, ageing resistance, impact resistance, fire resistance and the like.
The invention realizes the preparation of the light-weight composite material of the component, and the light-weight composite material can also have high light transmittance and impact resistance when being used as a front-guard composite material. The photovoltaic cell can be applied to BIPV and mobile photovoltaic with low bearing capacity.
The present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to examples.
Example 1
The glass mat is made of chopped strands; the glass felt consists of a single-layer glass felt, the gram weight of the single-layer glass felt is 90g, and the air permeability per square meter is 200m 3 /min。
The acrylic coating (coating composition for packaging photovoltaic modules) is prepared by mixing 50wt% of acrylic prepolymer, 45.7wt% of monomer diluent, 0.3wt% of age resister, 1wt% of photoinitiator, 2wt% of thermal initiator and 1wt% of coupling agent.
The acrylic prepolymer is MIRAMER PU340 (Korean American source) trifunctional polyurethane acrylate with a refractive index of 1.494; the monomer diluent is 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate, the refractive index is 1.456; the anti-aging agent is a benzotriazole UV1130 and triazine UV400 compound agent (the mass ratio of the two is 1; the photoinitiator was 184; the thermal initiator is tert-butyl peroxybenzoate; the coupling agent is a silane coupling agent KH560.
Coating an acrylic coating on the glass fiber felt in a rolling or curtain coating mode, wherein the unit area content of the acrylic coating (coating composition for packaging the photovoltaic module) is 150wt% of the weight of the glass fiber felt; the curing degree of the resin reaches 20% through radiation curing of a mercury lamp, and a pre-curing sheet is formed to facilitate secondary transfer; the obtained pre-cured sheets are separated by an isolation film to be stacked to form a plate blank; and (3) putting the plate blank into a multi-layer high-pressure machine for compression molding, and cooling and molding when the unit pressure is 7.5Mpa and the temperature of the plate core reaches 140 ℃ to obtain the composite material for packaging the photovoltaic module.
Example 2
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that:
the glass felt consists of a single-layer glass felt, the gram weight of the single-layer glass felt is 150g, and the air permeability per square meter is 200m 3 Min; the acrylic coating consists of 66wt% of acrylic prepolymer, 30wt% of monomer diluent, 0.5wt% of anti-aging agent, 1wt% of photoinitiator, 1wt% of thermal initiator and 1.5wt% of coupling agent; the acrylic prepolymer is MIRAMER PU210 (Korean Meiyuan) bifunctional polyurethane acrylate, and the refractive index is 1.487.
Example 3
The glass mat is made of continuous glass fiber chopped strands; the glass mat consists of a single-layer glass mat, the gram weight range of the single-layer glass mat is 73g, and the air permeability per square meter is 220m 3 And/min. The acrylic coating consists of 71wt% of acrylic prepolymer, 24wt% of monomer diluent, 1wt% of age resister and 0.5wt% of photoinitiator) Thermal initiator (1.5 wt%), coupling agent (2 wt%).
The acrylic prepolymer is a compound of MIRAMER PU210 (Korean American source) bifunctional polyurethane acrylate (refractive index 1.487) and MIRAMER PU340 trifunctional polyurethane acrylate (refractive index 1.494) according to the mass ratio of 1; the monomer diluent is trimethylolpropane triacrylate, and the refractive index is 1.472; other auxiliary agents: the anti-aging agent is a compound agent of UV1130, UV292 and UV400 in a mass ratio of 4; the photoinitiator is prepared from the following components in a mass ratio of 3:1, photoinitiator 184 and photoinitiator 1173.
Coating an acrylic coating on the glass fiber felt in a rolling or curtain coating mode, wherein the unit area content of the acrylic coating (coating composition for packaging the photovoltaic module) is 170wt% of the weight of the glass fiber felt; the curing degree of the resin reaches 50 percent through the ultraviolet radiation curing with the wavelength of 240-340nm, and a pre-curing sheet is formed to facilitate secondary transfer; the resulting pre-cured sheets are stacked with barrier film spacing to form a slab.
The rest of the technical scheme of the embodiment 3 is the same as the embodiment 1.
Example 4
The glass mat is made of continuous glass fiber chopped strands; the acrylic coating consists of acrylic prepolymer (40 wt%), monomer diluent (55 wt%), anti-aging agent (1 wt%), photoinitiator (0.5 wt%), thermal initiator (1.5 wt%) and coupling agent (2 wt%).
Coating an acrylic coating on the glass fiber felt in a rolling or curtain coating mode, wherein the unit area content of the acrylic coating (coating composition for packaging the photovoltaic module) is 200wt% of the weight of the glass fiber felt; the curing degree of the resin reaches 40 percent through radiation curing, and a pre-curing sheet is formed to facilitate secondary transfer; the obtained pre-cured sheets are separated by an isolating film to be stacked to form a plate blank; and (3) putting the plate blank into a multi-layer high-pressure press for compression molding, and cooling and molding when the unit pressure is 3.0Mpa and the temperature of the plate core reaches 130 ℃ to obtain the composite material for packaging the photovoltaic module.
The rest of the technical scheme of the embodiment 4 is the same as the embodiment 1.
Example 5
The glass felt consists of double-layer glass felt, the gram weight range of the single-layer glass felt is 32g, and the air permeability per square meter is 280m 3 Min; the content of the acrylic coating (coating composition for photovoltaic module encapsulation) per unit area was 280wt% of the weight part of the glass fiber mat.
The rest of the technical scheme of the embodiment 5 is the same as the embodiment 1.
Example 6
The glass felt consists of three layers of glass felt, the gram weight range of the single layer of glass felt is 23g, and the air permeability per square meter is 290m 3 Min; the content of the acrylic coating (coating composition for photovoltaic module encapsulation) per unit area was 300wt% based on the weight part of the glass fiber mat.
The rest of the technical scheme of the embodiment 6 is the same as the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example 1 employed a conventional single glass assembly, 4mm front glass, and a CPC back plate on the back.
Comparative example 2
The acrylic prepolymer is Taiwan Changxing 622A-80 aliphatic modified epoxy acrylate.
The rest of the technical scheme of the comparative example 2 is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Comparative example 3
The acrylic prepolymer is Taiwan Changxing 6360D polyester acrylate.
The rest of the technical scheme of the comparative example 3 is the same as that of the embodiment 1.
Test example 1
The composite materials for packaging the photovoltaic modules prepared in examples 1 to 6 and the composite materials prepared in comparative examples 1 to 3 are respectively used as packaging composite material layers, a PERK silicon-based cell piece of the solar cell 210 is used as a cell layer, an EVA layer is 450g EVA, hot pressing is carried out at the pressure of 0.07Mpa and the temperature of 145 ℃, the hot pressing time is 18 minutes, the vacuumizing time is 5 minutes, the packaging and hot pressing are respectively carried out according to two structural modes of a figure 2 and a figure 3, and the back plate layer in the figure 3 is a CPC back plate layer.
The composite materials for encapsulating photovoltaic modules prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 2 to 3, the performance parameters of the modules encapsulated in the figure 2, and the single glass module in the comparative example 1 were tested, and the composite materials for encapsulating photovoltaic modules prepared in examples 5 and 6, and the performance parameters of the modules encapsulated in the figure 3 were tested, and the results are shown in table 1. Wherein the weight, impact resistance, fire line, pencil hardness, weather resistance and curvature of the packaging structure are measured for the packaging component with the structure shown in fig. 2 or fig. 3, and the transmittance is measured for the composite material for packaging the photovoltaic component.
The weight of the packaging structure is the weight of a unit square area of the packaging assembly; transmittance the astm e424-71-2015 standard was performed, wherein the transmittance is the average of the 380nm-1200nm transmittance values; the shock resistance test refers to IEC 61215-2005 hail test, the standard ice ball is 25mm, the mass is 7.53g, and the test speed is 23m/s; the fireproof performance is to implement the UL1703 standard; pencil hardness implements ASTM D3363-2005 (R2011) standard. The curvature and weather resistance tests are the same as the impact resistance test standards.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003852773690000091
As can be seen from the above table 1, the encapsulation structure of comparative example 1 has a large weight, the encapsulation structures of comparative examples 2 and 3 have poor weather resistance, and the encapsulation structures prepared according to the present invention have excellent various properties.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inner", "outer", "front", "rear", "left", "right", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on operational states of the present application, and are only used for convenience in describing and simplifying the present application, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present application.
In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited. The specific meaning of the above terms in this application will be understood to be a specific case for those of ordinary skill in the art.
The present application has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments, but these embodiments are merely exemplary and merely illustrative. On the basis of the above, the present application can be subjected to various substitutions and improvements, and the substitutions and the improvements are all within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (13)

1. A coating composition for packaging a photovoltaic module comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 10-80% of urethane acrylate, 10-80% of monomer diluent, 0.1-5% of anti-aging agent, 0.1-3% of photoinitiator, 0.3-5% of thermal initiator and 0.1-5% of coupling agent, based on the weight of the coating composition for encapsulating the photovoltaic module; the polyurethane acrylate is selected from one or more of monofunctional polyurethane acrylate, difunctional polyurethane acrylate and trifunctional polyurethane acrylate.
2. The coating composition for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 1, wherein the urethane acrylate and the monomer diluent each independently have a refractive index of 1.45-1.51.
3. The coating composition for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 2, wherein the monomer diluent is selected from one or a combination of dipropylene glycol diacrylate, 1, 6-hexanediol diacrylate, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, and pentaerythritol triacrylate.
4. The coating composition for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 3, wherein the aging inhibitor is selected from one or a combination of more of benzotriazoles, hindered phenolic amines and triazines.
5. The coating composition for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 4, wherein the photoinitiator is selected from one or a combination of several of a photoinitiator 184, a photoinitiator 1173, a photoinitiator 907 and a photoinitiator 1700.
6. The coating composition for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to claim 5, wherein the thermal initiator is selected from the group consisting of benzoyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide and t-butyl peroxybenzoate; the coupling agent is selected from silane coupling agents.
7. A preparation method of a composite material for packaging a photovoltaic module comprises the following steps:
(1) Dip-coating the coating composition for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to any one of claims 1 to 6 on a glass fiber product, and partially curing the coating composition for photovoltaic module encapsulation by irradiation to obtain a pre-cured sheet;
(2) And carrying out compression molding on the pre-cured sheet.
8. The production method according to claim 7, wherein the press-molding the pre-cured sheet includes: and (3) separating and stacking the pre-cured sheets by using an isolation film to obtain a plate blank, and performing compression molding on the plate blank.
9. The production method according to claim 7, wherein in the step (1), the glass fiber product is selected from a glass mat and/or a glass cloth;
the glass felt is prepared by mixing one or more of short cut wires or continuous glass fiber short cut wires; the gram weight of the single-layer glass felt is 20g-200g, and the air permeability of the single-layer glass felt per square meter is 30 m-300 m 3 /min。
10. The production method according to claim 7, wherein the coating composition for photovoltaic module encapsulation per unit area of the glass fiber product is used in an amount of 50 to 300% by weight of the glass fiber product.
11. The production method according to claim 7, wherein the degree of curing of the coating composition for photovoltaic module encapsulation in the pre-cured sheet is 5 to 80%.
12. The preparation method of claim 7, wherein the compression molding is carried out in a multilayer high-pressure press, and the composite material for photovoltaic module encapsulation is obtained by cooling and molding when the unit pressure is 3-10Mpa and the temperature of the plate core reaches 135-145 ℃.
13. A photovoltaic module, wherein the coating layer in the photovoltaic module encapsulating composite material is selected from the coating composition for photovoltaic module encapsulation according to any one of claims 1 to 6.
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