CN115466449A - 一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒,聚乙烯、界面活性剂、抗静电剂、钛白粉的加入,使制备得到的色母粒具有优异的分散性能,色母粒的颜色均匀、有光泽,而且其在后期与聚合物的相容性、分散性好,利于高效着色且显色效果好。此外,所得的色母粒表现出优异的储存稳定性、尺寸稳定性和抗静电性及爽滑性。而且得到的母粒具有优异的耐迁移性,在后期与聚合物混合后作为着色制品不会与其他固、液、气态物质长期接触发生反应,能够极大地满足农化品包装品的着色需求。此外,该色母粒制备工艺简单,色母粒的表面缺陷少,熔体破裂现象低,加工性能优异,加工成品率高。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及的是聚乙烯基色母粒的制备领域,C08L23/06,尤其涉及一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
色母粒一般是通过将颜料超常量均匀地混合于载体树脂中密炼、造粒得到,可以很大程度地改善颜料在基体聚合物中的分散性能和着色效果,而且由于其制备工艺简单、经济环保,被广泛用于多种聚合物材料的着色处理。但色母粒还是极易存在色泽差异,而且载体树脂的流动性也会影响制品的着色效果,使所得制品中存在流纹、色泽不均、色差不易控制等问题,进而导致制品的着色效果差,影响其更大范围的使用。所以需要克服色母粒的分散性差、色泽不均一、尺寸稳定性差等问题。现阶段主要通过添加填料可以保证产品的尺寸稳定性,但是填料极易和农药活性成分,限制了其在农化品包装瓶中的应用。
专利CN201210594731.4公开了一种用于聚乙烯的着色母粒及其制备方法,通过颜料、聚乙烯树脂、分散剂、抗氧剂、抗静电剂制备得到,所得的色母粒分散性好、着色均匀、浓度高、用量少和对聚乙烯制品机械性能无影响,但是该色母粒的尺寸稳定性较差。专利CN202111246501.4公开了一种基于低密度聚乙烯为载体的高白度PE白色母粒制备方法,原料包括聚乙烯、钛白粉、除味剂、滑石粉、抗氧剂,所得PE白色母粒光泽度高、无毒性、白度高、分散性好,且无填充物,但是该色母粒的耐迁移性较差,并不适于液体包装品制品的使用。
发明内容
为了解决上述问题,本发明第一方面提供了一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒,其制备原料包括:聚乙烯、界面活性剂、抗静电剂、钛白粉。
优选地,其制备原料包括:按重量百分比计,聚乙烯35~40%、界面活性剂1~5%、抗静电剂5~15%、钛白粉余量。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述聚乙烯选自线性低密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、高密度聚乙烯中的至少一种;优选地,所述聚乙烯为线性低密度聚乙烯。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述线性低密度聚乙烯190℃下2.16kg熔体流动速率为15~27g/10min,拉伸屈服应力为8~11MPa,拉伸断裂应变为500~700%;优选地,所述线性低密度聚乙烯190℃下2.16kg熔体流动速率为21g/10min,拉伸屈服应力为9.82MPa,拉伸断裂应变为600%。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述界面活性剂选自聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酸单甘油酯、含氟高分子聚合物、硬脂酸、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌、乙撑双硬脂酸酰胺(EBS)、氧化聚乙烯蜡、乙烯-醋酸乙烯蜡中的至少一种;优选地,所述界面活性剂为含氟高分子聚合物和乙撑双硬脂酸酰胺(EBS)。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述含氟高分子聚合物和EBS的重量份比为(0.5~1):(1-3);优选地,所述含氟高分子聚合物和EBS的重量份比为0.75:2.1。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述含氟高分子聚合物中的含氟物质至少包括1,1,2,3,3,3-六氟-1-1丙烯、偏二氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物、1,1-二氟乙烯的聚合物、四氟乙烯中的一种,含氟物质在含氟高分子聚合物中的重量比为15~25%;优选地,所述含氟高分子聚合物中的含氟物质为1,1,2,3,3,3-六氟-1-1丙烯和1,1-二氟乙烯的聚合物,含氟物质在含氟高分子聚合物中的重量比为19~21%。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述含氟高分子聚合物的平均粒径为<20目,密度为0.5~1g/cm3;优选地,所述含氟高分子聚合物的平均粒径为<10目,密度为0.7g/cm3。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述EBS的酸值为7~15mgKOH/g,胺值为1~4mgKOH/g;优选地,所述EBS的酸值为10mgKOH/g,胺值为2.5mgKOH/g。
在上述体系中加入界面活性剂,特别是选择含氟高分子聚合物和EBS的混合物,可以促进钛白粉与聚乙烯的相容性,还能够降低加工温度、延长连续加工时间,提高挤出速度,进而增强其加工性能。推测可能原因,本申请中含氟高分子聚合物的含氟单体为1,1,2,3,3,3-六氟-1-1丙烯和1,1-二氟乙烯,氟原子取代了烷基链上的更多的氢原子,形成的碳氟链不仅具有强疏水性而且还憎油,在使用过程中能够更大程度地降低整个体系的表面张力,其与酸值为7~15mgKOH/g,胺值为1~4mgKOH/g的EBS协同作用,可以进一步降低体系的表面张力,有助于对钛白粉的润湿、分散作用,防止钛白粉在体系中的团结现象,使颜色分散更均匀、更光泽,且色母粒在使用过程中同样具有高分散性,同时可以起到内外润滑、脱模和抗静电的作用,减少加工过程中对模具的磨损,消除口模积料现象,减少挤出过程中产生的凝胶,促进色母粒加工性能的改善。
但是色母粒具有一定的弹性,尺寸稳定性差。本申请人意外发现,当所述含氟高分子聚合物和EBS的重量份比为(0.5~1):(1-3)时,与体系中的聚乙烯、抗静电剂协同作用,能减少色母料表面缺陷,降低熔体破裂现象的发生,同时提高色母粒的光洁度和抗静电性,进而提高产品的尺寸稳定性及成型率。此外,体系在在熔融状态下能够保持低粘度,降低颜料的黏度,增加体系的贮存稳定性和提高效率,而且能够进一步减小物料与料筒、模具的表面摩擦力,解决产品脱模难的问题,更进一步降低废品率。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述抗静电剂选自聚环氧乙烷(PEO)、聚醚酯酰胺(PEEA)、聚乙二醇(PEG)、聚醚酯酰亚胺、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、乙氧基化烷基胺、乙氧基化烷基胺、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚中的至少一种;优选地,所述静电剂为PEG;进一步优选地,所述静电剂为PEG-6000。
在本申请中抗静电剂的添加,特别是选择PEG时,能够在实际使用过程中,消除色母粒间的静电吸附作用,避免色母粒通过静电吸附导致与基料混合后分散不均匀的现象。同时,PEG的添加还有利于消除色母粒与料斗壁之间的静电作用,消除色母粒与基料间的配比偏差,进一步增加色母的使用性能。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述钛白粉选自锐钛型钛白粉、金红石型钛白粉中的至少一种;优选地,所述钛白粉为金红石型钛白粉。
在一些优选的实施方式中,所述金红石型钛白粉的吸油量≤25g/100g,平均粒径≤55μm;优选地,所述金红石型钛白粉的吸油量≤19g/100g,平均粒径≤45μm。
本发明的第二方面提供了一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将制备原料投入到密炼机中密炼混合,得到料团;;
(2)出料后将料团通过喂料机加入双螺杆挤出机进行挤出造粒,即得。
所述步骤(1)中密炼温度为100~150℃,密炼时间为10-20min;优选地,所述步骤(1)中密炼温度为130℃,密炼时间为15min。
所述步骤(2)中挤出温度为160~190℃,螺杆转速为180~230rpm;优选地,所述步骤(2)中挤出温度为180℃,螺杆转速为200rpm。
本发明的第三方面提供了一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒的应用,用于农化品瓶身的塑料染色。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:
(1)本申请中聚乙烯、界面活性剂、抗静电剂、钛白粉的加入,使制备得到的色母粒具有优异的分散性能,色母粒的颜色均匀、有光泽,而且其在后期与聚合物的相容性、分散性好,利于高效着色且显色效果好。此外,所得的色母粒表现出优异的储存稳定性、尺寸稳定性和抗静电性及爽滑性,而且由于其优异的分散性能,能够提高色母粒中的物质添加量,进而得到高浓度的色母粒,降低色母粒在基料中的添加量,提高用户的产品质量并降低生产成本。
(2)本申请中通过将聚乙烯、界面活性剂、抗静电剂、钛白粉在一定温度下密炼后造粒,即得得到高性能的色母粒,制备工艺简单。而且加工过程中色母粒与模具间的摩擦力小,易脱模,色母粒的表面缺陷少,熔体破裂现象低,加工性能优异,加工成品率高。
(3)本申请中特定的聚乙烯、钛白粉的选择,可以与体系中其他组分协同作用,增加钛白粉与体系中组分的相互作用,促进体系结构的紧密性,使得到的母粒具有优异的耐迁移性,在后期与聚合物混合后作为着色制品不会与其他固、液、气态物质长期接触发生反应,能够极大地满足农化品包装品的着色需求。
具体实施方式
实施例1
1、一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒,其制备原料包括:按重量百分比计,聚乙烯37%、界面活性剂3%、抗静电剂10%、钛白粉余量。
所述聚乙烯为线性低密度聚乙烯。
所述线性低密度聚乙烯190℃下2.16kg熔体流动速率为21g/10min,拉伸屈服应力为9.82MPa,拉伸断裂应变为600%(购自中国石油化工股份有限公司镇海炼化分公司,型号为DNDA-8320)。
所述界面活性剂为含氟高分子聚合物和乙撑双硬脂酸酰胺(EBS)。
所述含氟高分子聚合物和EBS的重量份比为0.75:2.1。
所述含氟高分子聚合物中的含氟物质为1,1,2,3,3,3-六氟-1-1丙烯和1,1-二氟乙烯的聚合物,含氟物质在含氟高分子聚合物中的重量比为19~21%。
所述含氟高分子聚合物的平均粒径为<10目,密度为0.7g/cm3(购自3M,型号:FX5924)。
所述EBS的酸值为10mgKOH/g,胺值为2.5mgKOH/g(购自日本花王,型号为EB-FF)。
所述静电剂为PEG-6000(CAS号:25322-68-3)。
所述钛白粉为金红石型钛白粉。
所述金红石型钛白粉的吸油量≤19g/100g,平均粒径≤45μm(购自攀钢,型号R248)。
2、一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒的制备方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)将制备原料投入到密炼机中密炼混合,得到料团;;
(2)出料后将料团通过喂料机加入双螺杆挤出机进行挤出造粒,即得。
所述步骤(1)中密炼温度为130℃,密炼时间为15min。
所述步骤(2)中挤出温度为180℃,螺杆转速为200rpm。
3、一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒的应用,用于农化品瓶身的塑料染色。
实施例2:
1、一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒,与实施例1的不同之处在于:
所述含氟高分子聚合物和EBS的重量份比为0.5:1.5。
2、一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒的制备方法,同实施例1。
3、一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒的应用,用于农化品瓶身的塑料染色。
对比例1:
1、一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒,与实施例1的不同之处在于:
所述190℃下2.16kg线性低密度聚乙烯的熔体流动速率为1.5-2.5g/10min,拉伸屈服应力为≥8.3MPa,拉伸断裂应变为≥500%(购自中国石油化工股份有限公司,型号为DFDA-7042)。
2、一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒的制备方法,同实施例1。
3、一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒的应用,用于农化品瓶身的塑料染色。
对比例2:
1、一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒,与实施例1的不同之处在于:
所述含氟高分子聚合物购自3M,型号:FX5920A。
2、一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒的制备方法,同实施例1。
3、一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒的应用,用于农化品瓶身的塑料染色。
对比例3:
1、一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒,与实施例1的不同之处在于:
所述含氟高分子聚合物和EBS的重量份比为1.5:2。
2、一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒的制备方法,同实施例1。
3、一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒的应用,用于农化品瓶身的塑料染色。
性能测试
1、分散性:通过储存稳定性进行表征;
具体方法为:将实施例和对比例所得样品在4℃和常温(25℃)下分别放置90天、54℃放置14天后,观察样品的颜色分散情况,随后将不同温度处理后所得样品与聚丙烯按重量比为1:25的比例混合得到的混合物进行吹塑得到薄膜,观察薄膜的颜色分散情况。
2、抗静电性:根据标准GB/T 1410-2006《固体绝缘材料体积电阻率和表面电阻率试验方法》对实施例及对比例所得样品进行测试。
3、耐迁移性:将实施例及对比例所得样品挤压成片状,将其与含质量百分比为5%的色粉的PVC片以1kg/cm2的压力在80℃温度紧密贴合放置24小时后,目测PVC片上被沾污程度(EN20105-A03),并以标准灰卡评判之。5级表示无迁移,1级迁移严重。
性能测试结果如下表所示:
表1实施例及对比例性能测试结果
Claims (10)
1.一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒,其特征在于,其制备原料包括:聚乙烯、界面活性剂、抗静电剂、钛白粉。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒,其特征在于,所述聚乙烯选自线性低密度聚乙烯、中密度聚乙烯、高密度聚乙烯中的至少一种。
3.根据权利要求2所述的一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒,其特征在于,所述聚乙烯为线性低密度聚乙烯;
所述线性低密度聚乙烯190℃下2.16kg熔体流动速率为15~27g/10min,拉伸屈服应力为8~11MPa,拉伸断裂应变为500~700%。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒,其特征在于,所述界面活性剂选自聚乙烯蜡、硬脂酸单甘油酯、含氟高分子聚合物、硬脂酸、硬脂酸钙、硬脂酸锌、EBS、氧化聚乙烯蜡、乙烯-醋酸乙烯蜡中的至少一种。
5.根据权利要求4所述的一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒,其特征在于,所述界面活性剂为含氟高分子聚合物和EBS;
所述含氟高分子聚合物和EBS的重量份比为(0.5~1):(1-3)。
6.根据权利要求4或5所述的一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒,其特征在于,所述含氟高分子聚合物中的含氟物质至少包括1,1,2,3,3,3-六氟-1-1丙烯、偏二氟乙烯-六氟丙烯共聚物、1,1-二氟乙烯的聚合物、四氟乙烯中的一种,含氟物质在含氟高分子聚合物中的重量比为15~25%。
7.根据权利要求4或5所述的一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒,其特征在于,所述EBS的酸值为7~15mgKOH/g,胺值为1~4mgKOH/g。
8.根据权利要求1所述的一种高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒,其特征在于,所述抗静电剂选自聚环氧乙烷、聚醚酯酰胺、聚乙二醇、聚醚酯酰亚胺、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚、乙氧基化烷基胺、乙氧基化烷基胺、脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚中的至少一种。
9.一种根据权利要求1~8任一项所述的高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:
(1)将制备原料投入到密炼机中密炼混合,得到料团;;
(2)出料后将料团通过喂料机加入双螺杆挤出机进行挤出造粒,即得。
10.一种根据权利要求1~8任一项所述的高分散性聚乙烯基色母粒的应用,其特征在于,用于农化品瓶身的塑料染色。
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