CN115466135A - Method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste and application thereof - Google Patents
Method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115466135A CN115466135A CN202210872660.3A CN202210872660A CN115466135A CN 115466135 A CN115466135 A CN 115466135A CN 202210872660 A CN202210872660 A CN 202210872660A CN 115466135 A CN115466135 A CN 115466135A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/02—Selection of the hardening environment
- C04B40/0231—Carbon dioxide hardening
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/18—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing mixtures of the silica-lime type
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of C04B28, in particular to a method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste and application thereof. According to the method for fixing the carbon dioxide by using the calcium-based solid waste, the degree of mineralization reaction is controlled by adjusting blank filling in a reaction device; the heat released by the mineralization reaction is utilized to change the water in the system into vapor, and then hydrothermal reaction is carried out. The method solves the technical problems that the existing solid waste utilization rate is low, the comprehensive performance of the regenerated and synthesized product is poor, and the actual application requirements cannot be met, prepares the building material product with excellent strength and good carbon sequestration performance by simple and feasible regeneration process means, saves energy consumption and realizes CO 2 The efficient utilization of the water is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of C04B28, in particular to a method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste and application thereof.
Background
With the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization, the resource utilization and industrialization development of carbon dioxide become the problems that the society needs to solve urgently. Along with the scale expansion and population expansion of cities, the speed of garbage disposal is far from keeping up with the discharge speed of garbage wastes, and the low-carbon technology is a key technology for fundamentally solving the problem of carbon discharge and becomes the best solution under the current background.
The main low-carbon method adopted in the existing building material field is mineralization, for example, chinese patent application publication CN113087484A provides a preparation method of a novel green and environment-friendly carbonized brick made of solid waste carbide mud and steel slag, the solid waste is crushed, ball-milled and screened, and the crushed solid waste is mixed according to a certain formula and is carbonized after being pressed, and the carbonization temperature is 60-80 ℃. Chinese patent CN109970378B provides a method for preparing solid waste based gelling material based on cooperative theory and carbonization/high temperature technology, wherein the raw materials are ground, dried, mixed according to a certain formula and pressed, the carbonization temperature is above 60 ℃, and the heat increases the carbon emission of the whole process.
It is seen that the carbonization reaction in the prior art is mostly carried out under heating. In the actual carbonization reaction, the reaction of carbon dioxide and mineralized calcium in the solid waste is an exothermic reaction, but the existing carbon fixation technology not only cannot utilize heat generated by the exothermic mineralization reaction, but also needs additional heating value temperature for reaction, which undoubtedly is a huge waste of energy. Therefore, the application provides a new method for fixing carbon dioxide without an external heat source and reasonably utilizing heat generated by mineralization reaction.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste, solves the technical problems that the existing solid waste is low in utilization rate, the comprehensive performance of a regenerated and synthesized product is poor, and the actual application requirements cannot be met, prepares a building material product with excellent strength and good carbon fixing performance by a simple and feasible regeneration process means, saves energy consumption, and simultaneously realizes CO 2 The efficient utilization of the water is realized.
The first aspect of the invention provides a method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste, which controls the mineralization reaction degree by adjusting blank filling in a reaction device; the heat released by the mineralization reaction is utilized to change the water in the system into vapor, and then hydrothermal reaction is carried out.
The inventor finds that the heat emitted by the mineralization reaction can be controlled within a certain range by adjusting the filling of the blank in the reaction device, the temperature required by the mineralization reaction is met, meanwhile, the moisture in the blank can be changed into water vapor, so that the system meets the conditions required by the hydrothermal reaction, and the composite mineralization reaction (both the mineralization reaction and the hydrothermal reaction) is realized without an external heating source and the water vapor, thereby fully utilizing the mineralization reaction heat which is neglected in the previous research.
In some preferred embodiments, the method for fixing carbon dioxide using calcium-based solid waste converts solid waste into a building product.
In some preferred embodiments, the method for fixing carbon dioxide using calcium-based solid waste comprises the steps of:
s1, preparing a blank by using calcium-based solid waste;
s2, mixing the blank with CO 2 The gas is contacted with the water to carry out a complex mineralization reaction without an external heat source or a water source (the complex mineralization reaction is not a simple mineralization reaction, and the mineralization reaction and the hydrothermal reaction occur in the system).
In some preferred embodiments, the S1 step includes: controlling the degree of mineralization reaction by adjusting the filling of a blank in a reaction device; the heat released by the mineralization reaction is utilized to change the water in the system into steam, and then hydrothermal reaction is carried out.
In a specific embodiment, the mixture may be formed by pressing or pouring.
Further preferably, the compaction pressure in the pressing process is 5-100MPa.
In some preferred embodiments, the method for fixing carbon dioxide using calcium-based solid waste satisfies the following requirements: m >
[H+3.593*v*10 5 /T 0 +4.446*v*10 6 (P-37.315/T 0 )-4.356*P+2.344*10 8 /(373.15-T 0 )]/[1.538*10 9 *a*k/(373.15-T 0 )+2.344*10 11 /(373.15*ρ*v-T 0 *ρ*v)+3.593*10 8 /(T 0 *ρ)+4.446*10 9 *(P-37.315/T 0 )/ρ-1.321*10 6 -4.1*10 5 *a-9.86*10 5 *a*k]；
Where m is the mass of the green body, H is the heat capacity of the reaction apparatus, v is the volume of the reaction apparatus, ρ is the True Density of the green body (True Density) refers to the actual mass of the solid matter per unit volume of the material in an absolutely dense state, i.e., the Density after removal of internal voids or voids between particles), T 0 The initial reaction temperature is P, the reaction pressure is P, a is the mass fraction of CaX in the mixture, and k is an empirical reaction constant.
The above-mentioned
Wherein Mi is the mass M of the corresponding material of each component of the kettle body in the reaction device 1 、M 2 、M 3 …M n Ci is the specific heat capacity C corresponding to each material of the reaction kettle body 1 、C 2 、C 3 …C n 。
The reaction device is made of a kettle body and a heat-insulating material, wherein the kettle body can be made of one or more of carbon manganese steel, stainless steel, zirconium, nickel-based (Hash, monel) alloy, other composite materials and the like; the heat insulating material may be one or more of rare earth heat insulating material, rock wool, inorganic silicate slurry, novel inorganic heat insulating material, polystyrene board, polyurethane foam material, glass wool, aluminum silicate wool, etc.
In some preferred embodiments, m simultaneously satisfies at least 1 of the following conditions:
(1)m＜0.5*ρ 0 *v*10 -3 ；
(2)
m＜[H+3.593*v*10 5 /T 0 +4.446*v*10 6 (P-47.315/T 0 )-3.435*P+2.344*10 8 /(473.15-T 0 )]/[1.538*10 9 *a*k/(473.15-T 0 )+2.344*10 11 /(473.15*ρ*v-T 0 *ρ*v)+3.593*10 8 /(T 0 *ρ)+4.446*10 9 *(P-47.315/T 0 )/ρ-1.321*10 6 -4.1*10 5 *a-9.86*10 5 *a*k]；
where ρ is 0 Is the apparent density of the blank; k is 0.7 to 1; preferably 0.84 to 1.
More preferably, m satisfies both of the conditions (1) and (2).
Wherein: m is the mass of the building material prefabricated product, the unit is t, H is the heat capacity of the reaction kettle, and the unit is J/K; v is the volume of the reaction kettle and is expressed in m 3 ；ρ 0 The True Density (True Density) of the building material preform refers to the actual mass of the material in an absolutely dense state per unit volume of solid matter, i.e. the Density after removal of the internal pores or the inter-particle voids, in kg/m 3 ；T 0 Is the initial reaction temperature in K; p is reaction pressure in MPa; a is the mass fraction of calcium-based components in the reaction raw materials (the total mass fraction of calcium hydroxide in the embodiment of the application), and the unit is; k is an empirical reaction constant in units of 1.
In some preferred embodiments, the green body is mixed with a CO-containing material in the S2 step 2 When gas contacts, the blank is firstly put into a reaction device, and the filling rate of the reaction device is 5.00-55.00%; further preferably 20.00 to 50.00%. Wherein, the filling rate refers to the proportion of the blank filling in the volume of the reaction kettle.
This application is through a large amount of experiments probe discovery, fills the mineralization reaction degree among the regulation and control reaction unit through the body among the control reaction unit, and it can make the system temperature reach the required temperature of hydrothermal reaction to release heat through the mineralization reaction, need not the external heating source, need not additionally to let in vapor, saves a large amount of energy and reduces carbon and discharges, can realize CO 2 The effective utilization of the water is realized. Furthermore, when the filling rate of the reaction device is controlled to be 5.00-55.00%, the prepared finished brick has higher carbon fixation rateHas excellent mechanical strength, and when the filling rate is too high or too low, or the product is resistant to CO 2 The absorption efficiency of (2) is reduced, or the strength of the product cannot meet the application requirements, or the carbon fixation rate and the mechanical strength do not reach the standard at the same time.
In some preferred embodiments, the reaction pressure P is from 0.01 to 2.0MPa; preferably, P is from 0.05 to 1.0MPa.
In some preferred embodiments, the reaction time t of the S2 step is 0.5 to 10h; preferably, t is 1-8h.
In some preferred embodiments, the solid-to-liquid ratio of the solid waste mixture to water in the S1 step is 100: (2-40).
Further preferably, the solid-liquid ratio of the solid-waste mixture to water is 100: (5-30).
In some preferred embodiments, the mass fraction of CaX in the calcium-based solid waste is > 80%; caX includes Ca (OH) 2 ，CaO，CaCO 3 ，CaSO 4 ，Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 At least one of F; preferably, caX includes Ca (OH) 2 And CaO.
As examples of calcium-based solid waste, include, but are not limited to, carbide slag, white mud, fly ash, and the like.
Examples of the solid waste of silica and alumina include, but are not limited to, fly ash, bottom ash, red mud, construction waste, waste cement, tailings, ore raw materials, and the like.
In some preferred embodiments, the CO-containing component 2 CO in gas 2 The volume fraction of (A) is 5-98%.
The second aspect of the invention provides an application of the method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste in the field of building materials.
Has the advantages that:
the method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste has the following advantages:
1. the method provided by the application can fully utilize a large amount of reaction heat generated in the process of fixing carbon dioxide by calcium-based solid waste and CO contained in industrial sources 2 Synergistic gas productionThe carbon-fixing performance of the obtained building material product is excellent, and the physical and mechanical properties are good; the method greatly reduces the solid waste disposal cost, solves the disposal problem of bulk solid waste, and solves the problem of CO in the existing high-carbon industry 2 The utilization efficiency is low, and the method has extremely high popularization and application values;
2. in the method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste, the degree of mineralization reaction in a reaction device is regulated and controlled by controlling the filling of a blank in the reaction device, the temperature of a reaction system is controlled in order, and the mineralization reaction efficiency is improved on the basis of no external heating source, so that the environmental temperature can meet the optimal conditions of the mineralization reaction on one hand, and the hydrothermal reaction in the system can be realized to improve the product performance on the other hand. The raw material loss is reduced, the industrial production efficiency is effectively improved, and the product is endowed with good carbon fixation rate and strength performance;
3. according to the method, the appropriate reaction conditions are further determined while the blank filling in the reaction device is regulated, and a large amount of experimental researches show that the mineralization reaction and the hydrothermal reaction can be balanced to the greatest extent under a certain blank filling condition; pure bulk solid waste is taken as raw material and is matched with CO 2 The gas is directly mineralized and maintained, building material products with excellent performance are efficiently prepared under a simple operation process, and the efficient resource utilization of industrial solid waste is effectively realized;
4. the building material product prepared by the method has extremely high economic and environmental protection properties while ensuring that the strength meets the requirements, really realizes 'carbon negative' production compared with the traditional portland cement product, and can provide a brand-new and feasible development idea for low-carbon construction in the building industry.
Drawings
The present application is further described below with reference to the drawings and examples.
FIG. 1 is a TG diagram of carbide slag;
FIG. 2 is a comparison of the carbon fixation ratio of the finished bricks obtained in example 2 and example 6 of the present application.
Detailed Description
The information of the raw materials and the reaction apparatus used in the examples of the present application is as follows:
(1) Starting materials
Calcium-based solid waste: carbide slag of a certain coal chemical plant is selected as a carbonization material.
Solid waste of silicon and aluminum: coal ash of a certain coal chemical plant is used as an auxiliary material, and building garbage recycled aggregate of a certain building material plant is used as aggregate; XRF analysis is carried out on each raw material, and the chemical components and the weight percentage information thereof are shown in tables 1-3;
the water content of the carbide slag is 31.73%, the water content of the fly ash is 2%, and the water content of the construction waste recycled aggregate is 1%.
Containing CO 2 Gas: the tail gas from a salt coal chemical plant for fertilizer combination is selected, and the gas composition and the volume percentage thereof are shown in table 4.
TABLE 1 main element composition of carbide slag
TABLE 2 main elemental composition of fly ash
TABLE 3 Primary elemental composition of recycled aggregates
TABLE 4 composition of tail gas (volume fraction) produced by synthetic fertilizer certain salt coal chemical plant
| Gas composition | CO 2 | N 2 | SOx | NOx | VOCs |
| Coal chemical industry tail gas | 76.5％ | 18.9％ | 2.3％ | 2％ | 0.3％ |
(2) Partial condition(s)
The reactor parameters were: the volume v of the reaction kettle is 178m 3 The thickness of the steel is 10mm, and the density of the steel is 7950kg/m 3 The thickness of the heat preservation rock wool is 100mm, and the density of the rock wool is 120kg/m 3 The heat capacity H of the reaction device is 23345514J/K, and the true density and the apparent density of the blank body can be approximately 1700kg/m 3 . The initial reaction temperature was 298.15K, and the calcium hydroxide content of the carbide slag was 15% (CaO and Ca (OH) in the above table) 2 There is a conversion relationship, in which the green body contains 27.66% of the carbide slag, the moisture content is 31.73%, the absolutely dry carbide slag content is 18.88%, fig. 1 is a TG diagram of the carbide slag, wherein the corresponding mass reduction at 400-550 ℃ represents the mass of water after the calcium hydroxide decomposition, the percentage of the water is 19.32%, the proportion of the calcium hydroxide in the carbide slag is 19.32%/18 × 74=79.43%, so the percentage content of the calcium hydroxide in the green body is 15.00%, namely a is 15.00%) (in which Ca0 in the silico-aluminous solid waste (aggregates and auxiliary materials) is inert calcium carbonate, which does not participate in the reaction, so only the active calcium component in the carbide slag is calculated), and the empirical reaction constant k is 1.
Substituting the above parameters into a formula can obtain: m is more than 29.16t and less than 151.94t.
Example 1.
The embodiment provides a method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste, which specifically comprises the following steps:
s1, mixing calcium-based solid waste, silicon-aluminum solid waste and water to obtain a mixture, and putting the mixture into a mold to be pressed to form a blank;
s2, mixing the green body with CO 2 Gas contact, and the mixed carbon fixation reaction and the composite mineralization reaction are carried out under the condition of no external heat source and no water vapor.
The step S1 specifically comprises the following steps: mixing 27.66% of carbide slag, 32.56% of fly ash and 32.56% of reclaimed materials according to the weight percentage, adding 7.22% of water to obtain a mixture, wherein the total weight of the mixture is 15.1t, feeding the mixture into a powder mixing system, stirring until the mixture is uniformly mixed, and feeding the powder-mixed material into a digestion system for digestion for 40 minutes; feeding the digested material into a mechanical forming system, pressing the digested material into a block, pressing the block at the compaction pressure of 11.5MPa to obtain a green body with the brick shape of 200mm x 95mm x 53mm, and stacking the green body on a ferry vehicle by using a robot;
the step S2 specifically comprises the following steps: feeding the green body formed by pressing in the step S1 into a reaction device, and controlling the filling rate of the reaction device to be 5.00%; the door of the reactor was closed and the CO content was introduced 2 And (3) reacting the gases, wherein the initial temperature of the reaction is room temperature (25 ℃), the total reaction time is 6h, the pressure in the kettle is 0.6MPa, and the finished brick is obtained after the reaction is finished.
Example 2.
The embodiment provides a method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste, and the specific implementation manner is the same as that in embodiment 1; the difference lies in that the total weight of the mixture is 30.39t, and the filling rate of the reaction device after the blank is sent into the reaction device is 10.00 percent.
Example 3.
The embodiment provides a method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste, and the specific implementation manner is the same as that in embodiment 1; the difference lies in that the total weight of the mixture is 45.58t, and the filling rate of the reaction device after the blank is fed into the reaction device is 15.01%.
Example 4.
The embodiment provides a method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste, and the specific implementation manner is the same as that in embodiment 1; the difference is that the total weight of the mixture is 60.77t, and the filling rate of the reaction device after the blank is fed into the reaction device is 20.00%.
Example 5.
The embodiment provides a method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste, and the specific implementation manner is the same as that in embodiment 1; the difference lies in that the total weight of the mixture is 75.97t, and the filling rate of the reaction device after the blank is fed into the reaction device is 25.00%.
Example 6.
The embodiment provides a method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste, and the specific implementation manner is the same as that of embodiment 1; the difference lies in that the total weight of the mixture is 91.16t, and the filling rate of the reaction device after the blank is fed into the reaction device is 30.00 percent.
Example 7.
The embodiment provides a method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste, and the specific implementation manner is the same as that in embodiment 1; the difference lies in that the total weight of the mixture is 121.55t, and the filling rate of the reaction device after the blank is fed into the reaction device is 40.00%.
Example 8.
The embodiment provides a method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste, and the specific implementation manner is the same as that of embodiment 1; the difference lies in that the total weight of the mixture is 136.74t, and the filling rate of the reaction device after the blank is fed into the reaction device is 45.00%.
Example 9.
The embodiment provides a method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste, and the specific implementation manner is the same as that in embodiment 1; the difference lies in that the total weight of the mixture is 151.94t, and the filling rate of the reaction device after the blank is fed into the reaction device is 50.00%.
Example 10.
The embodiment provides a method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste, and the specific implementation manner is the same as that of embodiment 1; the difference lies in that the total weight of the mixture is 167.13t, and the filling rate of the reaction device after the blank is fed into the reaction device is 55.00%.
Performance test method
1. Carbon fixation rate test
The carbon fixation rate test method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) Taking 1/8 of the volume of the finished brick prepared in the embodiment 1-10, crushing the finished brick into powder, and testing the integral carbon fixation rate;
2) Crushing a powdery sample for the test of the overall carbon sequestration rate by using a crusher, drying 50g of the crushed sample in a 105 ℃ drying oven for 12 hours without vacuumizing, keeping the drying oven airtight, and placing NaOH particles in a large beaker in the drying oven; after drying, taking out 5g of sample, grinding the sample in a mortar until no granular sensation exists (only about 1-2 minutes), and filling the sample in a small self-sealing bag; the small valve bag is placed in the big bag, and the silica gel desiccant is placed in the big bag.
3) Placing the prepared sample into a sample bin, and setting the experiment atmosphere to be N 2 The temperature range is from room temperature to 1000 ℃, and the heating rate is 10 ℃/min. The test analysis was performed by using an STA409EP integrated thermal analyzer manufactured by german relaxation resistance (NETZSCH);
4) Obtaining a TG/DTG thermogravimetric analysis curve after the test is finished
Note: this patent uses CO 2 The absorption rate of the solid waste is used for evaluating the carbon absorption effect of the sample, which is used for absorbing CO from the solid waste 2 The mass of the test block is in percentage of the mass of the test block, and the solid waste absorbs CO 2 The content of (b) is obtained by testing a TG/DTG thermogravimetric analysis curve of the mineralized product, the content of carbon dioxide absorbed by the mineralized product is 605-820 ℃ mass reduction, and the mass of the test block is the mass of the mineralized product at 105 ℃.
2. Test for compressive Strength
The compressive strength was measured according to GBT4111-2013 "test methods for concrete blocks and bricks", and the strength was measured after the finished bricks prepared in examples 1-8 were air-dried for 24 hours. The method comprises the following specific operations: the compression test uses a YE-30 type hydraulic pressure tester, and 5 parallel samples are arranged on each finished brick to measure the average value of the compression strength. If the measured compressive strength value of the sample differs from the average value by not more than 15%, using the average value as the compressive strength; if the difference between a certain measured value and the average value is more than 15%, the value is cut off, and the average value is calculated by using the rest values; if more than 2 measured values differ from the average by more than 15%, the experiment is repeated.
The compressive strength can be calculated by the following formula: σ D = P1/F =4P/π D 2 ＝P/0.875d 2
Wherein σ D is compressive strength, kgf/cm 2 (ii) a P1 is the crush load, kgf; d is the average diameter of the pellet sample, cm.
Performance test data
TABLE 5 Performance test results of the finished bricks obtained in examples 1 to 10
| Compressive strength (MPa) | Carbon fixation Rate (%) | |
| Example 1 | 5.13 | 4.09 |
| Example 2 | 6.23 | 4.41 |
| Example 3 | 7.27 | 5.67 |
| Example 4 | 8.21 | 7.03 |
| Example 5 | 9.32 | 8.58 |
| Example 6 | 10.47 | 10.40 |
| Example 7 | 13.72 | 10.70 |
| Example 8 | 16.41 | 11.13 |
| Example 9 | 17.31 | 8.17 |
| Example 10 | 16.11 | 4.13 |
As can be seen from Table 5, when the mass of the green body in examples 2-9 is in the range of the calculated result (29.16 < m < 151.94) according to the formula of the application, the compressive strength of the obtained finished brick can reach 6.23-17.31MPa, the carbon fixation rate can reach 4.41-11.13%, and the finished brick has higher compressive strength and higher carbon fixation rate. When the mass of the green body in the embodiment 1 is 15.19t and is lower than the range of the result calculated according to the formula of the application, the compressive strength of the obtained finished brick is 5.13MPa, and the carbon fixation rate is 4.09 percent, which are all lower. When the mass of the green body of the example 10 is 167.13t, which is higher than the range of the result calculated according to the formula of the application, the compressive strength of the obtained finished brick reaches 16.11MPa, but the carbon fixation rate is only 4.13 percent. The quality of the green body with better compressive strength and carbon fixation rate can be obtained by calculation according to the formula of the application, and the quality of the green body can be obtained by calculation according to the formula of the application by matching with the selection of the reaction kettle under the condition of determining the solid waste composition, so that the finished brick with better compressive strength and carbon fixation rate can be obtained.
As shown in the results of Table 5, the reaction apparatus of example 1 had a low filling ratio and a low green body quality, and the resulting bricks had low strength and carbon fixation rate. The carbon fixation rate of the examples 2 to 6 is rapidly improved along with the improvement of the filling rate and the blank quality, while the carbon fixation rate of the examples 6 to 8 is gradually reduced along with the improvement of the filling rate and the blank quality; the strength of the finished bricks of examples 2-6 rises slowly with the increase of the carbon fixation rate, while the strength of the test blocks of examples 6-8 rises rapidly with the increase of the filling rate and the blank quality; the main reason is that the temperature in the reaction kettle rises along with the increase of the filling rate, so that CO in the reaction device 2 Disturbance is large, so that CO 2 The contact probability with calcium-based solid wastes is higher, so that the carbon fixation rate of the product is increased, but when the filling rate and the blank quality in the reaction device are lower, the temperature of the reaction device is lower, so that the mineralization reaction is dominant at the moment, the hydrothermal reaction is less, most of the product is calcium carbonate, and the contribution to the strength of the product is lower; however, when the filling rate and the blank quality reach a certain degree, the temperature of the reaction kettle rises to a certain degree, and at the moment, a large amount of hydrothermal reaction is generated between the calcium solid wastes and the silicon-aluminum materials to generate more CSH gel, so that the strength of the product is further improved. Examples 9-10 the carbon fixation of the test block decreased rapidly and the strength of the test block decreased with increasing filling rate and green body quality. The main reasons are that along with the further improvement of the filling rate and the blank quality, the mineralization degree at the initial stage of the reaction is higher, the temperature of the reaction kettle is quickly raised to a certain temperature, so that a large amount of residual calcium hydroxide and calcium oxide are subjected to hydrothermal reaction with silicon and aluminum to generate a large amount of CSH, and the excessive hydrothermal reaction cannot form stable reactionThe definite crystalline structure leads to a decrease in strength, while the mineralized calcium hydroxide and calcium oxide rapidly decrease so that the carbon fixation rate rapidly decreases.
Claims (10)
1. A method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste is characterized in that the degree of mineralization reaction is controlled by adjusting blank filling in a reaction device; the heat released by the mineralization reaction is utilized to change the water in the system into steam, and then hydrothermal reaction is carried out.
2. The method for fixing carbon dioxide using calcium-based solid wastes according to claim 1, wherein the method for fixing carbon dioxide using calcium-based solid wastes converts solid wastes into building products.
3. The method for fixing carbon dioxide using calcium-based solid waste according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
s1, preparing a blank by using calcium-based solid waste;
s2, mixing the green body with CO 2 Gas contact, and composite mineralization reaction is carried out under the condition of no external heat source and no water vapor.
4. The method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste according to claim 3, wherein the step S1 comprises: mixing the calcium-based solid waste, the silicon-aluminum solid waste and water to obtain a mixture, and putting the mixture into a mould to be pressed to form a blank; the solid-to-liquid ratio of the mixture used for preparing the green body in the step S1 is 100: (2-40); the step S2 contains CO 2 CO in gas 2 The volume fraction of (A) is 5-98%.
5. The method for fixing carbon dioxide using calcium-based solid waste according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the method for fixing carbon dioxide using calcium-based solid waste satisfies:
m＞
[H+3.593*v*10 5 /T 0 +4.446*v*10 6 (P-37.315/T 0 )-4.356*P+2.344*10 8 /(373.15-T 0 )]/[1.538*10 9 *a*k/(373.15-T 0 )+2.344*10 11 /(373.15*ρ*v-T 0 *ρ*v)+3.593*10 8 /(T 0 *ρ)+4.446*10 9 *(P-37.315/T 0 )/ρ-1.321*10 6 -4.1*10 5 *a-9.86*10 5 *a*k]；
wherein m is the mass of the blank, H is the heat capacity of the reaction device, v is the volume of the reaction device, ρ is the true density of the blank, and T 0 The initial reaction temperature is P, the reaction pressure is P, a is the mass fraction of CaX in the mixture, and k is an empirical reaction constant.
6. The method for fixing carbon dioxide using calcium-based solid waste according to claim 5, wherein m satisfies at least 1 of the following conditions:
(1)m＜0.5*ρ 0 *v*10 -3 ；
(2)
m＜
[H+3.593*v*10 5 /T 0 +4.446*v*10 6 (P-47.315/T 0 )-3.435*P+2.344*10 8 /(473.15-T 0 )]/[1.538*10 9 *a*k/(473.15-T 0 )+2.344*10 11 /(473.15*ρ*v-T 0 *ρ*v)+3.593*10 8 /(T 0 *ρ)+4.446*10 9 *(P-47.315/T 0 )/ρ-1.321*10 6 -4.1*10 5 *a-9.86*10 5 *a*k]；
where ρ is 0 Is the apparent density of the blank; k is 0.7 to 1.
7. The method for fixing carbon dioxide using calcium-based solid waste according to claim 6, wherein m satisfies both of the conditions (1) and (2).
8. The method for fixing carbon dioxide by using calcium-based solid waste, according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the mass fraction of CaX in the calcium-based solid waste is more than 80%;
CaX includes Ca (OH) 2 、CaO、CaCO 3 、CaSO 4 、Ca 5 (PO 4 ) 3 At least one of F; preferably, caX includes Ca (OH) 2 And CaO.
9. The method for fixing carbon dioxide using calcium-based solid waste according to any one of claims 3 to 8, wherein the filling rate of the reaction apparatus is 5.00 to 55.00%; preferably 20.00-50.00%.
10. Use of a method for fixing carbon dioxide using calcium-based solid waste according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in the field of building materials.
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