CN115464456B

CN115464456B - Short shaft milling and feeding device and automatic feeding method

Info

Publication number: CN115464456B
Application number: CN202211247550.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 饶海生
Original assignee: Ningbo Hengyuan Shaft Industry Co ltd
Current assignee: Ningbo Hengyuan Shaft Industry Co ltd
Priority date: 2022-10-12
Filing date: 2022-10-12
Publication date: 2023-09-22
Anticipated expiration: 2042-10-12
Also published as: CN115464456A

Abstract

The utility model discloses a short shaft milling and feeding device and an automatic feeding method, and relates to the technical field of short shaft production and processing, wherein the short shaft milling and feeding device comprises a vibrating material tray, a feeding pipe which is communicated with the vibrating material tray and can only pass through one workpiece at a time, and a PLC control system, wherein a feeding mechanism, a milling mechanism and a receiving mechanism are sequentially arranged at the discharging end of the feeding pipe; the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding disc rotatably connected to the machine base, a driving part for driving the feeding disc to rotate and a first pneumatic ejector rod for clamping or loosening a workpiece in cooperation with the feeding disc; the milling mechanism comprises a chuck which is rotationally connected to the machine base and used for stably clamping the workpiece, a milling cutter and a cutter holder, wherein the milling cutter is used for milling the workpiece; the feeding disc is used for conveying workpieces at the feeding pipe to the chuck in a rotating mode one by one and plugging a discharge hole of the feeding pipe in the rotating process; the utility model can realize stable conveying of workpieces, stable opening and closing control of the conveying pipe and stable clamping of the workpieces.

Description

Short shaft milling and feeding device and automatic feeding method

Technical Field

The utility model relates to the technical field of short shaft production and processing, in particular to a short shaft milling and feeding device and an automatic feeding method.

Background

The shaft is produced and processed and is common in various mechanical manufacturing fields. The production flow of shaft processing generally comprises two processes of feeding and processing, wherein the feeding process directly determines the production efficiency.

In the related art, feeding of shaft parts is generally performed by gravity rolling material channel type connection, for example: one chinese patent publication No. CN205415101U discloses an automatic feeding and clamping device for machining positioning grooves of small shaft parts, comprising: one end of the feeding pipe is a feeding end, and the other end of the feeding pipe is a discharging end; the automatic feeding mechanism is arranged below the discharge end of the feeding pipe, clamps the small shaft parts sent out by the feeding pipe and pushes the small shaft parts upwards; the automatic clamping mechanism is arranged above the automatic feeding mechanism and clamps the small shaft parts pushed upwards by the automatic feeding mechanism, and meanwhile, the automatic feeding mechanism releases the clamping of the small shaft parts; the PLC is respectively connected with the automatic feeding mechanism and the automatic clamping mechanism; the automatic feeding and clamping device is simple, reliable and low in cost, and can realize automatic feeding and discharging and automatic clamping by being matched with a PLC (programmable logic controller) of the self-control device, so that the labor intensity is reduced, and the labor efficiency is effectively improved.

Aiming at the related technology, in the groove milling process of the shaft part, on one hand, a cylindrical compression spring is required to seal the discharge end of the feeding pipe, and on the other hand, the clamping and fixing of the shaft part are required to be realized through the extrusion of the inner conical surface of the spring sleeve; in the actual operation process, the spring stability is poor, and the shaft parts can always receive the pressure in the radial direction of the milling cutter in the milling groove process, so that the opening and closing control of the feeding pipe and the clamping and fixing effects of the shaft parts are unstable, and the milling groove quality of the shaft parts is unstable.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model provides a short shaft milling and feeding device and an automatic feeding method for improving the milling groove quality of shaft parts.

The utility model provides a short shaft milling feeding device, which adopts the following technical scheme:

the short shaft milling feeding device comprises a vibrating tray, a feeding pipe and a PLC control system, wherein the vibrating tray and the feeding pipe are fixedly arranged on a machine base, the PLC control system is arranged on the machine base, the feeding end of the feeding pipe is communicated with the vibrating tray, and a feeding mechanism, a milling mechanism and a receiving mechanism are sequentially arranged at the discharging end of the feeding pipe;

the feeding mechanism comprises a feeding disc rotatably connected to the machine base, a driving part for driving the feeding disc to rotate and a first pneumatic ejector rod for clamping or loosening a workpiece in cooperation with the feeding disc;

the milling mechanism comprises a chuck rotationally connected to the machine base, a milling cutter and a cutter holder for milling a workpiece, wherein a fixing hole is formed in the middle of the chuck in a penetrating manner, and a second pneumatic ejector rod for clamping or loosening the workpiece in a matched manner and a pushing-out assembly for pushing out the milled workpiece from the fixing hole are arranged at the fixing hole;

the feeding pipe can only pass through one workpiece at a time, and the feeding disc is used for conveying the workpieces at the discharge end of the feeding pipe to the chuck in a one-by-one rotating manner and plugging the discharge hole of the feeding pipe in the rotating process;

the driving part, the first pneumatic ejector rod and the second pneumatic ejector rod are all electrically connected with the PLC control system.

By adopting the technical scheme, in the process of milling and feeding the short-shaft equiaxed workpieces, the workpieces can be firstly placed in the vibration material tray for centralized storage and are transported to the position of the material tray one by one from the vibration material tray through the material conveying pipe, and the stable rotation transportation of the workpieces from the material discharging end of the material conveying pipe to the fixing holes on the chuck is realized through the cooperation of the first pneumatic ejector rod and the material conveying tray; simultaneously, when the workpiece is conveyed to the fixing hole, the second pneumatic ejector rod can clamp the workpiece on the chuck, so that the workpiece can be stably fixed on the chuck and rotate along with the chuck; correspondingly, the milling cutter and the cutter holder are controlled to be close to the clamping seat, so that a workpiece on the chuck can be stably milled; through the waiting milling time of every work piece of preset, operating personnel can utilize the PLC control system to the material loading of vibration charging tray, the rotation fortune material of charging tray, the charging tray carries out integrated control to the step such as the centre gripping of work piece and loosening to the feed pipe discharge gate, first pneumatic ejector pin and the pneumatic ejector pin of second, realize the stable control to the feed pipe open and shut, ensure the transportation material loading one by one of work piece, realize the chuck to the stable centre gripping of work piece in milling process, realize the comparatively stable material loading of minor axis milling loading device whole to the work piece and mill, be favorable to improving the milling groove quality of work piece.

Optionally, the feeding tray is provided with an arc-shaped accommodating groove and a first through hole positioned at one end of the accommodating groove, the discharge end of the feeding pipe is slidably connected in the accommodating groove along the arc direction of the accommodating groove and is movably communicated with the first through hole, and the output end of the first pneumatic ejector rod movably stretches into the first through hole along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the first through hole; the machine seat is fixedly provided with a plugging rod, and when the feeding disc is positioned at the rotation starting point of the feeding disc, the plugging rod, the first through hole and the discharge hole of the feeding tube are coaxial; when the feeding disc is positioned at the rotation end point, the first through hole and the fixing hole are coaxial; and a boosting assembly for boosting the workpiece into the fixing hole when the first pneumatic ejector rod loosens the workpiece is further arranged on the feeding tray.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the holding tank can adapt to the rotation of feed tray, when the discharge gate of shutoff pole, first through-hole and conveying pipe is coaxial, the discharge gate of conveying pipe is in open state, and the work piece can be followed the discharging pipe of conveying pipe and naturally roll out until with shutoff pole looks butt, realizes the automatic feeding of work piece, and first pneumatic ejector pin can be at this in-process cooperation feed tray to the work piece centre gripping fixed for the work piece that waits to process can be fixed in the feed tray by stable centre gripping. Correspondingly, after the first pneumatic ejector rod clamps and fixes the workpiece, the PLC control system can control the feeding disc to rotate after finishing milling of the previous workpiece, and the workpiece to be processed is rotationally conveyed to the chuck; at this in-process, the discharge end of conveying pipe is followed the extending direction of holding tank from first through-hole and is slided into the holding tank, and the discharge end of conveying pipe is located the holding tank all the time, and the discharge gate of conveying pipe is sheltered from by the feed tray all the time, has comparatively conveniently realized the automation of feed tray pay-off in-process to the conveying pipe discharge gate, stably closes. Meanwhile, when the feeding disc rotates to the position that the first through hole and the fixed hole are coaxial, the feeding disc is at the rotation end point, the boosting assembly can boost the workpiece to the fixed hole, the workpiece can be stably clamped on the chuck by the second pneumatic ejector rod, and stable milling of the workpiece is realized.

Optionally, the boosting subassembly includes the boosting cylinder, the boosting cylinder is located the feed table and is close to one side of feed tube and rotate and connect on the feed table, the axis of rotation of boosting cylinder, output shaft axis are parallel with first through-hole axis, the boosting cylinder is connected with PLC control system electricity.

By adopting the technical scheme, when the feeding disc is positioned at the rotation starting point of the feeding disc, the PLC control system is used for controlling the boosting cylinder to be far away from the first through hole, so that a workpiece in the feeding tube can naturally slide to a position abutted with the blocking rod, and automatic feeding of the workpiece is ensured; when the feeding disc is positioned at the rotation end point, the PLC control system is used for controlling the boosting cylinder to rotate to a position coaxial with the axis of the first through hole, and controlling the first pneumatic ejector rod to loosen the workpiece, so that the boosting cylinder can be correspondingly used for pushing the workpiece into the fixed hole, and stable conveying of the workpiece is realized.

Optionally, a distance sensor for monitoring a distance between the feeding disc and the machine base along the axis direction of the first through hole is further installed on the feeding disc, and when the feeding disc rotates to the rotation end point, the distance sensor triggers the PLC control system to drive the boosting cylinder to rotate to the first through hole and push the workpiece into the fixing hole.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, when the feeding tray rotates to its rotation terminal point, distance sensor can cooperate with PLC control system, carries out automatic control to the operation of boosting cylinder, and the automatic boosting cylinder of driving pushes the fixed orifices with the work piece, improves the material loading efficiency of work piece.

Optionally, the ejecting subassembly is including locating the pressure boost air pump and the trachea of the one side that the frame was kept away from the conveying pipe, trachea one end intercommunication pressure boost air pump's end of giving vent to anger, the other end extends to fixed orifices department.

By adopting the technical scheme, the booster air pump and the air pipe can spray high-pressure air flow at the fixed hole; after the workpiece is milled, the pressurizing air pump and the air pipe can be matched with the second pneumatic ejector rod to eject the workpiece from the fixed hole, and the workpiece is rapidly conveyed to the material receiving mechanism.

Optionally, the groove depth of the accommodating groove gradually decreases from one end close to the first through hole toward one end far away from the first through hole.

By adopting the technical scheme, the workpiece can naturally slide into the accommodating groove when the feeding tray rotates, and the feeding tray can naturally seal the discharge hole of the feeding pipe.

Optionally, the plugging rod is a threaded rod, and the plugging rod is in threaded connection with the machine base.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, rotate the shutoff pole, can stretch out the length of frame to the shutoff pole and adjust, and then realize the regulation to the distance between shutoff pole and the conveying pipe discharge gate to make milling loading attachment can adapt to the axle type part of different length, be convenient for realize milling loading attachment to the milling material loading of the axle type part of different length.

Optionally, the receiving mechanism includes a straight receiving groove with an upward opening for receiving and transporting the workpiece, the receiving groove is located below the chuck, and one end of the receiving groove away from the chuck is inclined downwards towards a direction away from the fixing hole.

Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, connect the silo can accept pneumatic assembly from chuck spun work piece, simultaneously, under the gravity effect of work piece, the work piece can be followed and connect the silo automatic transport to next process flow department and process.

Optionally, still be provided with the cooling mechanism that is used for following the continuous water spray of work piece radial direction towards the work piece in the milling process of work piece between chuck and the receiving groove, cooling mechanism also is connected with PLC control system electricity.

By adopting the technical scheme, the cooling mechanism can spray water to the workpiece in the milling process of the workpiece, cool the workpiece and the milling cutter, and avoid friction overheating between the workpiece and the milling cutter and influence the milling effect of the milling cutter on the workpiece; in the process, the PLC control system can control the cooling mechanism, so that the cooling mechanism can spray water intermittently according to actual working conditions, and water resource waste is reduced.

The utility model also provides a short shaft milling and feeding method, which comprises the following steps:

step one: placing a workpiece to be milled on a vibration material tray, starting a PLC control system, and driving the vibration material tray to sequentially vibrate and convey the workpiece into a feeding pipe;

step two: the feeding pipe conveys the workpieces to the feeding disc one by one, the workpieces are clamped one by utilizing a first pneumatic ejector rod, the feeding disc is controlled to rotate at intervals by utilizing a PLC control system according to the standard milling time of the workpieces, the workpieces are transported to the chuck, then the workpieces are pushed into a fixing hole on the chuck by utilizing the cooperation of a boosting cylinder, the first pneumatic ejector rod and a second pneumatic ejector rod, the workpieces are clamped and fixed at the fixing hole, and the PLC control system controls the boosting cylinder, the first pneumatic ejector rod and the feeding disc to reset;

step three: controlling the rotation of a chuck, milling a workpiece fixed on the chuck by adopting a milling mechanism, and continuously spraying water to cool the workpiece and the milling cutter along the radial direction of the workpiece by adopting a cooling mechanism in the milling process;

step four: and in the third step, after the workpiece is milled, the chuck stops rotating, the second pneumatic ejector rod loosens the workpiece, the workpiece is punched out of the chuck by using the push-out assembly, the workpiece is received by using the receiving groove, and the workpiece is conveyed to the next working procedure for treatment.

In summary, the present utility model includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the vibration material tray, the material conveying pipe, the PLC control system, the material conveying tray, the chuck, the first pneumatic ejector rod and the second pneumatic ejector rod are matched, so that stable rotation conveying of workpieces from the material conveying pipe discharge end to the chuck, automatic stable control of opening and closing of the material conveying pipe discharge port and stable clamping and fixing of the workpieces in the milling process can be realized, and the milling quality of shaft parts is effectively improved;

2. the first pneumatic ejector rod, the second pneumatic ejector rod, the boosting component and the pneumatic component are matched, so that the workpiece can be clamped and fixed on the feeding tray and the chuck conveniently, meanwhile, the workpiece is stably conveyed between the discharge hole of the conveying pipe and the chuck, the discharge hole of the conveying pipe is automatically and stably shielded in the process that the workpiece is conveyed from the conveying pipe to the fixing hole on the chuck, the stable and continuous feeding of the workpiece is effectively realized, and the feeding and slot milling efficiency of shaft parts is improved while the stable feeding of the shaft parts is ensured;

3. through setting up cooling mechanism, can cool down work piece and milling cutter in the milling process of work piece, avoid friction between work piece and the milling cutter overheated, influence milling cutter to the milling effect of work piece.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic overall structure of an embodiment of the present utility model;

FIG. 2 is an enlarged schematic view of portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of an explosive structure between the plugging rod, the feed tray, and the feed tube when the feed tray is at its rotational origin;

fig. 4 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion B in fig. 1.

Reference numerals: 1. a base; 11. a base; 12. a first stand; 121. a fixing seat; 122. a screw; 123. an adjusting seat; 124. a plugging rod; 2. vibrating the material tray; 13. a second stand; 3. a feed pipe; 4. a feeding mechanism; 41. a feeding tray; 411. a receiving groove; 412. a first through hole; 42. a driving part; 43. a first pneumatic ram; 44. a boosting assembly; 441. a boosting cylinder; 442. a distance sensor; 5. a milling mechanism; 51. a chuck; 511. a fixing hole; 512. a second pneumatic ejector rod; 52. a milling cutter; 53. a tool apron; 6. a receiving mechanism; 61. a receiving groove; 611. a movable section; 612. a telescoping section; 613. a fixed section; 62. a receiving tray; 7. a cooling mechanism; 71. a nozzle; 72. and a water spraying pipe.

Detailed Description

The utility model is described in further detail below with reference to fig. 1-4.

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a short shaft milling and feeding device.

Referring to fig. 1, a short shaft milling feeding device comprises a vibrating tray 2 fixedly arranged on a machine base 1 and used for containing and temporarily storing a large number of workpieces, a feeding pipe 3 communicated with the discharge end of the vibrating tray 2, a feeding mechanism 4 arranged at the discharge end of the feeding pipe 3, a milling mechanism 5 used for milling the workpieces, a receiving mechanism 6 used for receiving the milled workpieces and conveying the workpieces to the next process, and a PLC control system arranged on the machine base 1 and used for integrally controlling all electric elements in the short shaft milling feeding device.

Specifically, referring to fig. 1, the stand 1 includes a base 11 horizontally disposed on the ground or other horizontal table, and a first stand 12 and a second stand 13 vertically and fixedly mounted on the base 11, where the first stand 12 and the second stand 13 are perpendicular to each other, and one side of the first stand 12 along the length direction thereof is engaged with one side edge of the second stand 13 along the length direction thereof, and a surface of the first stand 12 adjacent to the second stand 13 is a vertical plane.

The vibration charging tray 2 is fixedly arranged above the base 11, the vibration charging tray 2 is positioned between the first vertical seat 12 and the second vertical seat 13, the vibration charging tray 2 is a certain distance from the base 11, the first vertical seat 12 and the second vertical seat 13, and the discharge end of the vibration charging tray 2 is positioned above the vibration charging tray and is distributed towards the first vertical seat 12; meanwhile, the vibration material tray 2 is electrically connected with a PLC control system, and the PLC control system controls the vibration material tray 2 to continuously vibrate so as to realize continuous discharging of the vibration material tray 2.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, a feeding pipe 3 is a hard metal pipe, the feeding pipe 3 is obliquely arranged from top to bottom, and the feeding pipe 3 can only pass through one workpiece at a time, the upper end of the feeding pipe 3 is a feeding end thereof, the lower end is a discharging end thereof, the upper end of the feeding pipe 3 is communicated with a vibrating tray 2, and a fixing seat 121, a screw 122 and an adjusting seat 123 for fixedly mounting the feeding pipe 3 on the first stand 12 are arranged between the lower end of the feeding pipe 3 and the first stand 12.

Specifically, the fixing seat 121 is fixedly installed on the first vertical seat 12 through a bolt, and the fixing seat 121 is horizontally arranged; the screw 122 is vertically and fixedly arranged on the fixed seat 121 along the vertical direction, a space is reserved between the screw 122 and the first vertical seat 12, and the space between the screw 122 and the first vertical seat 12 is larger than the length of a workpiece to be processed; a linear sliding groove is formed in the peripheral wall of the screw 122 along the length direction of the screw, an adjusting cavity which is used for the screw 122 to extend in and is provided with an opening facing upwards and is closed at the lower end is formed in the adjusting seat 123 along the vertical direction, a lug which is matched with the sliding groove in a sliding manner is arranged in the adjusting seat 123, the adjusting seat 123 is connected to the screw 122 in a sliding manner along the vertical direction through the lug, the sliding groove and the adjusting cavity, a fixed through hole which is used for the lower end of the feeding pipe 3 to penetrate through and fix the lower end of the feeding pipe 3 is formed in the lower portion of the adjusting seat 123 in a penetrating manner, and an adjusting nut which is coaxial with the screw 122 and is matched with threads is connected to the upper portion of the adjusting seat 123 in a rotating manner; the adjusting nut is rotated to drive the adjusting seat 123 to vertically slide along the screw 122, so that the height of the discharge hole of the feeding pipe 3 is adjusted, and the discharge hole of the feeding pipe 3 corresponds to the feeding mechanism 4.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the feeding mechanism 4 includes a feeding tray 41 rotatably connected to the base 1, a driving member 42 for driving the feeding tray 41 to rotate, and a first air ejector 43 for clamping or unclamping a workpiece in cooperation with the feeding tray 41.

Specifically, the driving component 42 is a driving motor electrically connected with the PLC control system, the driving motor is fixedly mounted on the first stand 12, the feeding tray 41 is located between the first stand 12 and the feeding pipe 3 and is vertically arranged, one side of the feeding tray 41 is fixedly mounted on an output shaft of the driving motor, and the PLC control system controls the feeding tray 41 to automatically and reciprocally rotate around an axis of the output shaft of the driving motor.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, a circular arc-shaped accommodating groove 411 and a first through hole 412 positioned at one end of the accommodating groove 411 are formed in the feeding tray 41, specifically, the circle center corresponding to the circular arc of the accommodating groove 411 is coaxial with the output shaft of the driving motor, the groove depth of the accommodating groove 411 gradually decreases from one end close to the first through hole 412 to one end far from the first through hole 412, the discharge end of the feeding tube 3 is slidingly connected in the accommodating groove 411 along the arc direction of the accommodating groove 411 and is movably communicated with the first through hole 412, and the pipe diameter of the feeding tube 3, the aperture of the first through hole 412 and the radius of the workpiece are mutually matched; when the feeding tray 41 is located at the rotation starting point, the first through hole 412 and the discharge hole of the feeding pipe 3 are coaxially arranged, and the workpiece can naturally enter the first through hole 412 from the discharge hole of the feeding pipe 3.

The first pneumatic ejector rod 43 is fixedly arranged on the rotating disc, the first pneumatic ejector rod 43 is electrically connected with the PLC control system, the output end of the first pneumatic ejector rod 43 movably stretches into/away from the first through hole 412 along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the first through hole 412, and the output shaft of the first pneumatic ejector rod 43 is perpendicular to the axis direction of the first through hole 412; the output shaft of the first pneumatic ejector 43 is controlled to movably extend into/away from the first through hole 412, so that a workpiece sliding into the first through hole 412 from the discharge port of the feed pipe 3 can be fixed and coaxially clamped in the first through hole 412/unclamped from the workpiece in the first through hole 412.

Correspondingly, referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, a plugging rod 124 for plugging the discharge port of the feeding tube 3 in cooperation with the feeding tray 41 is fixedly installed on the first stand 12 corresponding to the discharge port of the feeding tube 3.

The plugging rod 124 is a threaded rod, the plugging rod 124 is positioned between the feeding tray 41 and the first vertical seat 12, and the plugging rod 124 is in threaded connection with the first vertical seat 12; when the feeding disc 41 is positioned at the rotation starting point, the discharge hole and the first through hole 412 of the feeding tube 3 are coaxial with the blocking rod 124, the discharge hole of the feeding tube 3 is in an open state, and a workpiece can naturally slide out of the discharge tube of the feeding tube 3 until being abutted against the blocking rod 124, so that automatic feeding of the workpiece from the vibration feeding disc 2 to the feeding disc 41 is realized; the first pneumatic ejector rod 43 can be matched with the feeding tray 41 to clamp and fix the workpiece in the process, so that the workpiece to be processed can be stably clamped and fixed on the feeding tray 41.

Simultaneously, rotate shutoff pole 124, can stretch out the length of frame 1 to shutoff pole 124 and adjust, and then realize the regulation to the distance between shutoff pole 124 and the discharge gate of conveying pipe 3 to make milling loading attachment can adapt to the axle type part of different length, be convenient for realize milling loading attachment to the milling material loading of the axle type part of different length.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the milling mechanism 5 comprises a chuck 51 rotatably coupled to the first stand 12, and a milling cutter 52 and a cutter holder 53 for milling a workpiece; the feeding tray 41 is provided with a boosting component 44 for boosting the workpiece into the fixing hole 511 when the first pneumatic ejector rod 43 loosens the workpiece, and the feeding tray 41 is used for conveying the workpiece at the discharge end of the feeding pipe 3 to the chuck 51 one by one in a rotating way and sealing the discharge hole of the feeding pipe 3 in the rotating process.

The chuck 51 is particularly arranged vertically, the chuck 51 is positioned on one side of the first vertical seat 12 close to the second vertical seat 13, the chuck 51 is arranged on the first vertical seat 12 in a protruding mode, a fixing hole 511 for enabling a workpiece to extend in/out is formed in the middle of the chuck 51 in a penetrating mode, and a second pneumatic ejector rod 512 for clamping or loosening the workpiece in a matching mode with the chuck 51 and a pushing assembly for pushing the milled workpiece out of the fixing hole 511 are arranged at the fixing hole 511; when the feeding tray 41 is at the rotation end point, the first through hole 412 and the fixing hole 511 are coaxial, and the PLC control system can control the first pneumatic ejector rod 43 to loosen the workpiece in the first through hole 412, and simultaneously control the boosting assembly 44 to push the workpiece in the first through hole 412 into the fixing hole 511, and control the second pneumatic ejector rod 512 to clamp and fix the workpiece after the workpiece stretches into the fixing hole 511.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the boosting assembly 44 specifically includes a boosting cylinder 441 electrically connected to the PLC control system, and a distance sensor 442 fixedly mounted on the feeding tray 41 for monitoring the distance between the feeding tray 41 and the first stand 12 along the axial direction of the first through hole 412.

The boosting cylinder 441 is positioned on one side of the feeding disc 41 close to the feeding tube 3 and is rotationally connected to the feeding disc 41, and the rotation axis of the boosting cylinder 441 and the axis of the output shaft of the boosting cylinder 441 are parallel to the axis of the first through hole 412; the monitoring end of the distance sensor 442 is disposed towards the first stand 12, and a preset standard distance value in the distance sensor 442 is a distance value between the rotating disc and the first stand 12.

When the rotating disc rotates to the same level/same horizontal plane as the chuck 51 at the monitoring end of the distance sensor 442, the distance monitored by the distance sensor 442 is the distance between the rotating disc and the chuck 51, that is, the distance monitored by the distance sensor 442 is smaller than the preset standard distance, the distance sensor 442 correspondingly triggers the PLC control system to drive the driving motor to drive the feeding disc 41 to rotate anticlockwise around the output shaft of the driving motor, the next workpiece to be fed in the feeding tube 3 gradually stretches into the accommodating groove 411 in the process and rotates clockwise along the accommodating groove 411 along with the rotation of the feeding disc 41, and the boosting cylinder 441 gradually rotates to the position coaxial with the output shaft of the boosting cylinder and the first through hole 412; when the feeding tray 41 rotates to the coaxial position of the first through hole 412 and the fixing hole 511, the feeding tray 41 reaches the rotation end point, the output shaft of the boosting cylinder 441 is coaxial with the first through hole 412 and the fixing hole 511, the PLC control system correspondingly controls the first pneumatic ejector rod 43 to slowly loosen the workpiece in the first through hole 412, simultaneously controls the boosting cylinder 441 to push the workpiece in the first through hole 412 into the fixing hole 511, and controls the second pneumatic ejector rod 512 to clamp and fix the workpiece after the workpiece penetrates into the fixing hole 511, so that automatic, stable and efficient feeding of the workpiece is integrally realized.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, the tool holder 53 is slidably connected to the base 11, and a linear driving module for driving the tool holder 53 to horizontally reciprocate on the base 11 along a direction perpendicular to the axis of the chuck 51 is fixedly mounted on the base 11, and is controlled by a PLC control system; the milling cutter 52 is positioned on one side of the cutter holder 53 close to the chuck 51 and is fixedly mounted on the cutter holder 53 through bolts, and the cutting edge of the milling cutter 52 is arranged towards the fixing hole 511; when the workpiece is fixedly clamped at the fixing hole 511 on the chuck 51, the PLC control system is used for controlling the tool apron 53 to drive the milling cutter 52 to be close to the chuck 51 and controlling the chuck 51 to rotate around the axis of the chuck 51, so that automatic and stable milling of the workpiece can be realized.

Since the temperature of the workpiece is continuously increased during the milling process, in order to avoid the friction between the workpiece and the milling cutter 52 from overheating and affecting the milling effect of the milling cutter 52 on the workpiece, referring to fig. 1 and 2, a cooling mechanism 7 for continuously spraying water towards the workpiece along the radial direction of the workpiece during the milling process of the workpiece is further disposed on the side of the chuck 51 away from the first stand 12.

The cooling mechanism 7 specifically comprises a water spray pipe 72 and a nozzle 71 fixedly communicated with one end of the water spray pipe 72, the water spray pipe 72 is a metal/rubber hose which is externally tied with a metal wire and has certain deformability, one end of the water spray pipe 72, which is far away from the nozzle 71, is communicated with an external clean water source, an electromagnetic valve for controlling the on-off of the water spray pipe 72 is arranged on the water spray pipe 72, and the electromagnetic valve is electrically connected with a PLC control system; an operator can control the on-off of the water spraying pipe 72 by utilizing the PLC control system, and adjust and control the actual direction of the nozzle 71, so that the water spraying pipe 72 and the nozzle 71 can intermittently spray water to the milling cutter 52 and the workpiece according to the actual working condition, the workpiece and the milling cutter 52 can be effectively cooled, and the water resource waste is reduced.

The pushing component (not shown in the figure) can push the workpiece out of the fixing hole 511 after the workpiece is milled, specifically, the pushing component comprises a booster air pump and an air pipe, wherein the booster air pump and the air pipe are arranged on one side of the first vertical seat 12 far away from the feeding pipe 3, the booster air pump is arranged adjacent to the first vertical seat 12 and is used for providing an air source for the air pipe, and the opening and closing of the booster air pump is controlled by the PLC control system; one end of the air pipe is communicated with the air outlet end of the booster air pump, and the other end of the air pipe extends to the fixing hole 511 and is arranged opposite to the fixing hole 511.

By utilizing the cooperation of the booster pump and the air pipe, high-pressure air flow can be sprayed out of the fixed hole 511, and after the workpiece is milled, the workpiece is horizontally sprayed out of the fixed hole 511, so that the workpiece is rapidly conveyed to the material receiving mechanism 6.

Correspondingly, referring to fig. 1 and 4, the receiving mechanism 6 specifically includes a receiving slot 61 for stably receiving and transporting the workpiece ejected from the chuck 51, and a receiving tray 62 for receiving and collecting part of the waste generated during the workpiece milling process.

The receiving groove 61 is specifically located below the chuck 51, the opening of the receiving groove 61 is upward, the receiving groove 61 is a linear long groove, the length direction of the receiving groove 61 is consistent with the axial direction of the fixed hole 511, and the receiving groove 61 comprises a movable section 611, a telescopic section 612 and a fixed section 613 which are suitable for being sequentially connected along the direction close to the chuck 51 and the direction far away from the chuck 51.

The middle part of the movable section 611 is rotationally connected to the base 11 around the direction perpendicular to the axis of the chuck 51, the telescopic section 612 is sleeved on the movable section 611 along the extending direction of the movable section 611 and is slidingly connected to the movable section 611, one end of the telescopic section 612, which is far away from the movable section 611, is suitable for being connected with the fixed section 613, and the base 11 is correspondingly provided with a first driving cylinder for driving the movable section 611 to rotate and a second driving cylinder for driving the telescopic section 612 to slide along the movable section 611; the fixing section 613 is fixedly mounted on the base 11, and the fixing section 613 is inclined downward in a direction away from the fixing hole 511.

The receiving tray 62 is fixedly mounted on the lower portion of the tool apron 53, specifically, a moving seat is fixedly mounted on the lower portion of the tool apron 53, the moving seat is slidably connected to the base 11 along a direction perpendicular to the second vertical seat 13, the tool apron 53 is slidably connected to the base 11 through the receiving seat, the receiving tray 62 is fixedly mounted above the moving seat, the opening of the receiving tray 62 faces upwards, and the opening of the receiving tray 62 gradually decreases from top to bottom so that workpieces fall into the bottom of the receiving tray 62.

Referring to fig. 1 and 4, when the movable section 611, the telescopic section 612 and the fixed section 613 are on the same straight line, the movable section 611 is located at the rotation start point thereof, the telescopic section 612 is located at the telescopic start point thereof, and the movable section 611, the telescopic section 612 and the fixed section 613 are engaged with each other, and the workpiece can pass through the movable section 611 and the telescopic section 612 and be directly sprayed into the fixed section 613; when the movable section 611 is at the rotation end point, one end of the movable section 611, which is far away from the fixed section 613, is suitable for being abutted against the bottom of the material receiving disc 62, and the telescopic section 612 can slide back and forth on the movable section 611 under the driving of the second driving cylinder, so that the waste materials sputtered onto the movable section 611 and the telescopic section 612 in the workpiece milling process are poured into the material receiving disc 62, the possibility that the waste materials slide into the fixed section 613 along the movable section 611 and the telescopic section 612 is reduced, the waste material content in the workpiece obtained by milling is further reduced, and the workpiece feeding milling quality is improved.

The implementation principle of the short shaft milling and feeding device provided by the embodiment of the utility model is as follows: in the process of milling and feeding the short-axis equiaxed workpieces, the workpieces can be firstly placed in the vibration material tray 2 for centralized storage, are transported to the position of the material feeding tray 41 one by one from the vibration material tray 2 through the material feeding pipe 3, and are transported in a relatively stable rotation way from the material discharging end of the material feeding pipe 3 to the fixing holes 511 on the chuck 51 through the cooperation of the first pneumatic ejector rod 43 and the material feeding tray 41; meanwhile, when the workpiece is conveyed to the fixing hole 511, the second pneumatic ejector rod 512 can clamp the workpiece on the chuck 51, so that the workpiece can be stably fixed on the chuck 51 and rotate along with the chuck 51; correspondingly, the milling cutter 52 and the cutter seat 53 are controlled to be close to the clamping seat, so that a workpiece on the chuck 51 can be milled more stably; through the time of waiting to mill of preset every work piece to under the dual condition of distance sensor 442 monitoring, operating personnel can utilize PLC control system to the material loading of vibration charging tray 2, the rotation fortune material of feeding tray 41, feeding tray 41 carries out integrated control to steps such as the centre gripping and the loosening of work piece to the centre gripping of feed tube 3, first pneumatic ejector pin 43 and second pneumatic ejector pin 512, realize the stable control to feed tube 3 opening and shutting, the transportation material loading one by one of guarantee work piece, realize chuck 51 to the stable centre gripping of work piece in milling process, realize that the minor axis mills loading attachment is whole to the comparatively stable automatic feeding of work piece, mill and ejection of compact, the milling groove quality of work piece, milling groove efficiency and material loading efficiency have been wholly effectively improved.

The embodiment of the utility model also discloses an automatic feeding method for short shaft milling, which comprises the following steps:

step one: placing a workpiece to be milled on a vibration material disc 2, starting a PLC control system, and driving the vibration material disc 2 to sequentially vibrate and convey the workpiece into a material conveying pipe 3;

step two: the feeding pipe 3 conveys the workpieces to the feeding disc 41 one by one, the workpieces are clamped one by utilizing the first pneumatic ejector rods 43, the feeding disc 41 is controlled to rotate at intervals by utilizing a PLC control system according to the standard milling time of the workpieces, the workpieces are transported to the chuck 51, then the workpieces are pushed into the fixing holes 511 on the chuck 51 by utilizing the cooperation of the boosting cylinder 441, the first pneumatic ejector rods 43 and the second pneumatic ejector rods 512, the workpieces are clamped and fixed at the fixing holes 511, and the PLC control system controls the boosting cylinder 441, the first pneumatic ejector rods 43 and the feeding disc 41 to reset;

step three: the chuck 51 is controlled to rotate, a milling mechanism 5 is adopted to mill a workpiece fixed on the chuck 51, and a cooling mechanism 7 is adopted to continuously spray water to cool towards the workpiece and the milling cutter 52 along the radial direction of the workpiece in the milling process;

step four: after the workpiece is milled in the third step, the chuck 51 stops rotating, the second pneumatic ejector rod 512 releases the workpiece, the workpiece is punched out of the chuck 51 by the pushing-out assembly, the workpiece is received by the receiving groove 61, and the workpiece is conveyed to the next process for processing.

The above embodiments are not intended to limit the scope of the present utility model, so: all equivalent changes in structure, shape and principle of the utility model should be covered in the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a minor axis mills loading attachment, includes vibration charging tray (2) and conveying pipe (3) and locates the PLC control system on frame (1) on fixed frame (1), its characterized in that: the feeding end of the feeding pipe (3) is communicated with the vibration material disc (2), and a feeding mechanism (4), a milling mechanism (5) and a receiving mechanism (6) are sequentially arranged at the discharging end of the feeding pipe (3);

the feeding mechanism (4) comprises a feeding disc (41) rotatably connected to the machine base (1), a driving component (42) for driving the feeding disc (41) to rotate and a first pneumatic ejector rod (43) for clamping or loosening a workpiece in cooperation with the feeding disc (41), wherein the feeding disc (41) is provided with an arc-shaped accommodating groove (411) and a first through hole (412) positioned at one end of the accommodating groove (411);

the milling mechanism (5) comprises a chuck (51) rotatably connected to the machine base (1), a milling cutter (52) and a cutter holder (53) for milling a workpiece, a fixing hole (511) is formed in the middle of the chuck (51) in a penetrating mode, and a second pneumatic ejector rod (512) for clamping or loosening the workpiece in cooperation with the chuck (51) and a pushing-out assembly for pushing out the milled workpiece from the fixing hole (511) are arranged at the fixing hole (511);

the feeding pipe (3) can only pass through one workpiece at a time, the discharging end of the feeding pipe (3) is connected in the accommodating groove (411) in a sliding manner along the arc direction of the accommodating groove (411) and is movably communicated with the first through hole (412), and the output end of the first pneumatic ejector rod (43) movably stretches into the first through hole (412) along the direction perpendicular to the axis of the first through hole (412);

a plugging rod (124) is fixedly arranged on the machine base (1), and when the feeding disc (41) is positioned at the rotation starting point of the feeding disc, the plugging rod (124), the first through hole (412) and the discharge hole of the feeding pipe (3) are coaxial; when the feeding disc (41) is positioned at the rotation end point, the first through hole (412) and the fixing hole (511) are coaxial;

the feeding disc (41) is also provided with a boosting assembly (44) for boosting the workpiece into the fixed hole (511) when the first pneumatic ejector rod (43) loosens the workpiece, and the feeding disc (41) is used for conveying the workpiece at the discharge end of the feeding tube (3) onto the chuck (51) one by one in a rotating way and sealing the discharge hole of the feeding tube (3) in the rotating process;

the driving part (42), the first pneumatic ejector rod (43) and the second pneumatic ejector rod (512) are electrically connected with the PLC control system.

2. A stub shaft milling loading apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein: the boosting assembly (44) comprises a boosting cylinder (441), the boosting cylinder (441) is located on one side, close to the feeding pipe (3), of the feeding plate (41) and is rotationally connected to the feeding plate (41), the rotation axis and the output shaft axis of the boosting cylinder (441) are parallel to the axis of the first through hole (412), and the boosting cylinder (441) is electrically connected with the PLC control system.

3. A stub shaft milling loading apparatus as claimed in claim 2 wherein: the feeding disc (41) is further provided with a distance sensor (442) for monitoring the distance between the feeding disc (41) and the machine base (1) along the axial direction of the first through hole (412), and when the feeding disc (41) rotates to the rotation end point, the distance sensor (442) triggers the PLC control system to drive the boosting cylinder (441) to rotate to the first through hole (412) and push the workpiece into the fixing hole (511).

4. A stub shaft milling loading apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein: the pushing-out assembly comprises a booster air pump and an air pipe, wherein the booster air pump and the air pipe are arranged on one side, far away from the feeding pipe (3), of the base (1), one end of the air pipe is communicated with the air outlet end of the booster air pump, and the other end of the air pipe extends to the fixing hole (511).

5. A stub shaft milling loading apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein: the groove depth of the accommodating groove (411) gradually decreases from one end close to the first through hole (412) toward one end far from the first through hole (412).

6. A stub shaft milling loading apparatus as recited in claim 1 wherein: the plugging rod (124) is a threaded rod, and the plugging rod (124) is in threaded connection with the machine base (1).

7. A stub shaft milling loading apparatus as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 wherein: the receiving mechanism (6) comprises a straight receiving groove (61) with an upward opening and used for receiving and conveying workpieces, the receiving groove (61) is located below the chuck (51), and one end, away from the chuck (51), of the receiving groove (61) is inclined downwards in a direction away from the fixing hole (511).

8. A stub shaft milling loading apparatus as recited in claim 7 wherein: a cooling mechanism (7) for continuously spraying water towards the workpiece along the radial direction of the workpiece in the milling process of the workpiece is further arranged between the chuck (51) and the receiving groove (61), and the cooling mechanism (7) is also electrically connected with the PLC control system.

9. A short shaft milling feeding method based on the short shaft milling feeding device according to any one of claims 1-8, characterized by comprising the steps of:

step one: placing a workpiece to be milled on a vibration material tray (2), starting a PLC control system, and driving the vibration material tray (2) to sequentially vibrate and convey the workpiece into a material conveying pipe (3);

step two: the feeding pipe (3) conveys the workpieces to the feeding disc (41) one by one, the workpieces are clamped one by utilizing the first pneumatic ejector rods (43), the feeding disc (41) is controlled to rotate at intervals by utilizing the PLC control system according to the standard milling time of the workpieces, the workpieces are transported to the chuck (51), the workpieces are pushed into the fixing holes (511) on the chuck (51) by utilizing the cooperation of the boosting cylinder (441), the first pneumatic ejector rods (43) and the second pneumatic ejector rods (512), the workpieces are clamped and fixed at the fixing holes (511), and the PLC control system controls the boosting cylinder (441), the first pneumatic ejector rods (43) and the feeding disc (41) to reset;

step three: the rotation of the chuck (51) is controlled, a milling mechanism (5) is adopted to mill a workpiece fixed on the chuck (51), and a cooling mechanism (7) is adopted to continuously spray water to cool towards the workpiece and the milling cutter (52) along the radial direction of the workpiece in the milling process;

step four: after finishing milling the workpiece in the third step, the chuck (51) stops rotating, the second pneumatic ejector rod (512) loosens the workpiece, the workpiece is punched out of the chuck (51) by using the push-out assembly, the workpiece is received by using the receiving groove (61), and the workpiece is conveyed to the next working procedure for processing.