CN115463482A - Gas-water separator for fuel cell - Google Patents
Gas-water separator for fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN115463482A CN115463482A CN202211141162.8A CN202211141162A CN115463482A CN 115463482 A CN115463482 A CN 115463482A CN 202211141162 A CN202211141162 A CN 202211141162A CN 115463482 A CN115463482 A CN 115463482A
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 281
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 128
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 16
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 39
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 12
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003086 colorant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000030279 gene silencing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/04—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia
- B01D45/08—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia by impingement against baffle separators
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
- B01D45/04—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia
- B01D45/06—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia by reversal of direction of flow
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a gas-water separator for a fuel cell, which comprises a shell, wherein the shell is provided with a gas-water inlet, a flow dividing chamber, a flow divider and a gas outlet which are sequentially communicated along the flow direction; the design is suitable for high-low power working conditions by increasing and decreasing the number of the cavities to match the use scenes of different flow working conditions, so that the limitation of the gas-water separation effect of the gas-water separator with a single structure and the service life loss of the downstream expander are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a gas-water separator for a fuel cell.
Background
The fuel cell is a device for directly converting chemical energy in hydrogen fuel into electric energy through electrochemical reaction, and has the advantages of high efficiency, low emission, simplicity in installation and maintenance, good reliability, low pollution, strong environmental adaptability and the like. The reactants of the fuel cell are hydrogen and oxygen, and the product is only water, wherein water is mainly generated on the air side. The gas in the environment is compressed by an air compressor and then enters an air pipeline of the fuel cell system, oxygen in the air inside the fuel cell reacts with hydrogen to generate water, and the generated liquid water, water vapor and unreacted gas enter a tail discharge pipe after passing through a tail discharge throttle valve of the fuel cell. The currently effective utilization mode of the gas discharged from the tail exhaust pipe is to recycle the gas by adopting an expander.
The main technical scheme of the current fuel cell gas-water separator is that a cavity is arranged in a main shell, a gas-liquid mixture in a buffer cavity cannot be divided, the gas-liquid mixture enters the cavity of a right shell at an actual flow rate, the gas-liquid separation difficulty in the cavity of the right shell is high, the gas-liquid separation effect is limited, and the gas-liquid separator is not suitable for gas-water separation of the gas-liquid mixture under the working condition of large flow of a hydrogen fuel cell cathode. The cavity is only provided with one single body, so that the expansion machine is suitable for low-power products, and for high-efficiency products, because the water flow is increased, the high-flux water flow surely impacts the expansion machine, so that the expansion machine is easy to damage.
In summary, the gas-water separator for fuel cells has become an urgent technical problem to be solved in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a built-in multi-cavity gas-water separator for a fuel cell, which is suitable for the working condition of high flow of a cathode of a hydrogen fuel cell compared with a built-in single-cavity gas-water separator and is used for solving the problems that the impact force on an expansion machine is increased and the expansion machine is easy to damage.
A gas-water separator for a fuel cell comprises a shell, wherein a gas-water inlet, a flow dividing chamber, a flow divider and a gas outlet which are sequentially communicated are arranged on the shell along the flow direction, N identical water separators are arranged in the flow dividing chamber, the tail ends of the water separators along the flow direction are communicated with the flow divider, and the tail ends of the flow dividers along the flow direction are communicated with the gas outlet so as to weaken the impact of fluid at the gas-water inlet; n is not less than 2,N is an integer.
Preferably, the diversion chamber is connected with a gas-water inlet and is provided with a fluid director to divert the entering fluid.
Preferably, the flow divider is provided with a porous material along the flow direction to enhance the flow dividing, and the porous material is one of a metal wire mesh, a steel wire ball and a sponge ball.
As the preferred scheme, the geometric center connecting line of the fluid director is parallel to the central axis of the gas-water inlet.
Preferably, the flow guider is spiral. The spiral deflector cushions the inlet flow stream to provide a first level of shock reduction.
As preferred scheme, the water knockout drum is equipped with the air water inlet pipe along flowing to the top, the air water inlet pipe sets up the air water outlet pipe along flowing to end opening relatively, the air water inlet pipe with corresponding the axis coincidence of air water outlet pipe, the air water inlet pipe is greater than correspondingly along the terminal internal diameter of flow direction the air water outlet outside of tubes pipe.
As a preferred scheme, the water separator is provided with a gas-water inlet pipe and a gas-water outlet pipe which are opposite to each other, the gas-water outlet pipe is connected with a cavity defined by the shell, the water separator is a conical platform, the inner diameter of the initial end of the flow direction is smaller than that of the tail end of the flow direction, so that gas-water separation is realized, and a gas outlet and a liquid outlet are arranged at the lower reaches of the cavity. The shape and the inner diameter of the pipeline are designed to ensure that the fluid expands and flows out, and the effects of reducing speed and impact are achieved.
Preferably, N =3. And three water distributors are used for uniformly distributing the fluid in the three-dimensional direction.
Preferably, a liquid discharge joint connected with the shell is arranged below the flow divider, liquid discharged from the liquid outlet and liquid separated after colliding with the flow divider are discharged outwards through the liquid discharge joint, and gas passing through the flow divider is discharged outwards through the gas outlet. The flow diverter may optionally be a wire mesh.
Preferably, the structure of the flow guider comprises one of a circular truncated cone, a partition plate and a conical column.
As a preferred scheme, the water separator is provided with honeycomb holes by extending the pipe orifice to the air-water inlet so as to improve the noise reduction effect.
As a preferred scheme, an expansion cavity is arranged at the position where the outer wall of the cavity is connected with the shell, and the expansion cavity is provided with silencing fibers.
Preferably, the flow divider is oblate so as to adsorb water droplets in a small molecular state and condense the water droplets into large liquid droplets so as to realize separation from the gas.
Preferably, the metal wire mesh is a laminated porous structure.
Preferably, the flow range of the air water inlet is 0-260g/s, and the flow range of the air outlet is 0-260g/s.
The scheme of the invention has the following advantages: the mainstream technical scheme of the gas-water separator of the current fuel cell is that only one cavity is arranged in a shell, and gas-liquid separation is carried out by utilizing the cavity. However, under the working condition of large flow of the cathode of the hydrogen fuel cell, the difficulty of separating a gas-liquid mixture is increased; and the high flux water flow can cause impact on the expansion machine, the expansion machine is damaged, and the service life is reduced. The number of the cavities is increased or decreased, and the structural design is matched, so that the gas-liquid separation capacity of water flow at the same flow rate is improved, the flow resistance is reduced, the gas-water separation effect is good, and the impact degree of the expansion machine is reduced; when the fluid parameters are changed, the performance of the equipment is not greatly changed, so that the equipment is not easy to damage, the sensitivity of the equipment to the medium parameters is reduced, and the robustness is improved. Through the increase and decrease of the number of the cavities, the use scenes of different flow working conditions are matched, and the gas-water separator is suitable for high-low power working conditions, so that the limitation of the gas-water separation effect of the gas-water separator with a single structure and the service life loss of a downstream expansion machine are avoided.
The flow splitting effect is further enhanced by providing a flow splitter such as a steel wire ball or a sponge ball in the housing downstream of the plurality of cavities for colliding with the gas discharged from each of said cavities. The flow guider protected by the scheme changes the direction of the gas-liquid mixture under the guidance of the flow guider and evenly distributes the gas-liquid mixture to the water distributor of the flow distribution chamber, so that the gas-liquid separation efficiency is improved, the impact of an exhaust port on a downstream expansion machine is reduced, and the expansion machine is prevented from being damaged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a gas-water separator for a fuel cell including three water separators according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of FIG. 1 in another orientation;
FIG. 3 is a schematic sectional perspective view of a gas-water separator for a fuel cell according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic sectional top view of a gas-water separator for a fuel cell including three water separators according to the present invention;
FIG. 4-1 is a schematic view of a partial enlarged structure of the water divider of FIG. 3;
FIG. 4-2 is a left side cross-sectional structural schematic view of the water separator of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic sectional top view of a gas-water separator for a fuel cell including two water separators according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the gas-liquid separation principle of FIG. 5;
fig. 7 is a simulation diagram of an internal flow field of a gas-liquid mixture in the gas-water separator for the fuel cell shown in fig. 5 when the gas-liquid mixture enters the buffer chamber through the inlet joint;
fig. 8 is a simulation diagram of an internal flow field when a gas-liquid mixture in the gas-liquid separator for the fuel cell shown in fig. 5 enters a plurality of gas-liquid separation chambers;
FIG. 9 is a simulation of the internal flow field of a portion of the gas exiting the gas-water separator of FIG. 5 through the gas outlet;
fig. 10 is a simulation of the internal flow field in the gas-water separator for a fuel cell shown in fig. 5 in which most of the gas is discharged through the gas outlet.
Fig. 11 is a graph comparing the transmission loss with and without the water separator.
The reference numbers are as follows: the device comprises a shell 00, a gas-water inlet 10, a flow splitting chamber 20, a flow splitter 30, a water distributor 21, a flow guider 22, honeycomb holes 23, an expansion cavity 24, a gas-water inlet pipe 211, a gas-water outlet pipe 212, a cavity 213, a gas collecting cavity 214, a gas outlet 40 and a liquid drainage connector 41.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by a person of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 2, fig. 3, fig. 4, and fig. 4-1, a gas-water separator for a fuel cell includes a metal housing 00, the housing 00 is provided with a gas-water inlet 10, a flow dividing chamber 20, a flow divider 30, and a gas outlet 40, which are sequentially communicated with each other, in the flow direction, 3 identical water dividers 21 are provided in the flow dividing chamber 20, the water dividers 21 are communicated with the flow divider 30 along the flow direction end, and the flow divider 30 is communicated with the gas outlet 40 along the flow direction end, so as to weaken the impact of the gas-water inlet 10 fluid.
When the number of the water distributors is N =3, the flow of the air water inlet is basically consistent with that of the outlet, and the range is allowed to be 0-260g/s. The inlet flow and the three-cavity inlet flow are divided into 3 and evenly distributed into 3 cavities, which is also the main function of the fluid director 22, and the more the number of the cavities of the water separator 21 is, the smaller the flow resistance is under the same flow. Flow and flow resistance and relationship of the water separator 21 cavity: when the flow is fixed, the more the equal-volume cavities of the water separator 21 are, the smaller the flow passing through each cavity is, the lower the flow is, and the slower the gas flow velocity is, so that the embodied flow resistance is smaller, the water separator 21 is only a structural member, the smaller the ratio of the flow resistance in the whole system is, the larger the energy which can be recovered by the expansion machine is, the better the system performance is indirectly embodied, and the higher the robustness is. The flow resistance of the fluid is related to factors such as the viscosity of the fluid, the structural shape of the flow channel, the roughness of the wall surface of the flow channel, the flow speed and the like. The multi-cavity structure formed by the structural design and the component arrangement according with fluid mechanics and other factors cause the total flow resistance to be reduced, the energy consumption caused by resistance is reduced, and the impact is naturally reduced; therefore, the energy utilization rate is improved, the system is improved, and the performance of the equipment is not greatly changed when the fluid parameters are changed, so that the equipment is not easy to damage, the sensitivity of the equipment to medium parameters is reduced, and the robustness is improved. Therefore, the applicability is improved, and the method is suitable for high and low working conditions.
As a preferred scheme, a fluid director 22 is arranged at the position where the shunting chamber 20 is connected with the air-water inlet 10, so that the effect of uniform shunting is achieved. The geometric center connecting line of the fluid director 22 is parallel to the central axis of the gas-water inlet 10. Water knockout drum 21 is equipped with air water inlet pipe 211 along flowing to the top in, air water inlet pipe 211 sets up air water outlet pipe 212 along flow direction end opening relatively, air water inlet pipe 211 with corresponding the axis coincidence of air water outlet pipe 212, air water inlet pipe 211 right-hand member internal diameter is greater than correspondingly air water outlet pipe 212 external diameter. Water knockout drum 21 sets up relative air water inlet pipe 211 and air water outlet pipe 212, and air water outlet pipe 212 connects cavity 213 that casing 00 encloses, water knockout drum 21 is toper platform and left end internal diameter and is less than the right-hand member internal diameter, the low reaches of cavity 213 all is equipped with gas outlet and liquid outlet to make in the air water mixture via air water inlet pipe 211 along the liquid drop of pipe wall motion and the great liquid drop of quality corresponding through inertia entering cavity 213, liquid material here is accomplished the gathering and is followed correspondingly cavity 213. The water separator 21 extends the pipe orifice to the gas-water inlet 10, namely, at the beginning of the flow direction, and is provided with honeycomb holes 23, so that the noise reduction effect is further improved. The outer wall of the cavity 213 is connected with the shell and is provided with an expansion cavity, and the expansion cavity is provided with silencing fibers to improve the noise reduction effect. The flow divider 30 comprises a wire mesh, a liquid discharge joint 41 connected with the housing 00 is arranged below the wire mesh, the liquid discharged from the liquid outlet and the liquid separated after colliding with the flow divider 30 are discharged outwards through the liquid discharge joint 41, and the gas passing through the flow divider 30 is discharged outwards through the gas outlet 40.
Thus, the gas-water mixture in the diversion chamber 20 is guided by the flow guider to change direction and respectively enters the corresponding gas-water inlet pipe 211 of each water divider 21, liquid drops moving along the pipe wall and liquid drops with larger mass in the gas-water mixture in each gas-water inlet pipe 211 enter a cavity surrounded by the inner wall of the corresponding water divider 21 and the outer wall of the gas-water outlet pipe 212 through inertia, liquid substances are gathered at the cavity and flow to the corresponding liquid outlet along the right wall in the figure of the corresponding water divider 21, gas collides with the diverter through the corresponding gas-water outlet pipe to realize the absorption and gathering of the gas liquid drops, small liquid drops absorbed and gathered are gathered at the bottom of the shell with the liquid substances discharged from each liquid outlet under the action of gravity, and are discharged outwards through a liquid discharge connector under the action of internal and external pressure difference and gravity, and dry gas separated by the diverter is discharged outwards through a gas outlet.
The wire mesh is range upon range of formula porous structure, and the system is when cold-starting, because low temperature can make the comdenstion water in the pipeline runner freeze, and the ice sediment is opening the quick-witted in-process because the temperature can't in time improve, can make the ice can't melt to quick flow in the pipeline, when the expander front end does not have protection device, the ice sediment causes the harm to the expander impeller, and the wire can effectually block the ice sediment owing to be range upon range of formula porous structure, and plays the protection to the expander.
The structural design forms double-stage gas-liquid separation. The first level adopts gas-water inlet pipe 211, gas-water outlet pipe 212, cavity cooperation structure, realizes the initial gross separation to big liquid drop, and the second level adopts shunt 30 to adsorb the gathering to the droplet to further improve gas-liquid separation efficiency.
When the flow rate is 130g/s, the flow resistance is 1.8kpa.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 4, 4-1, 4-2, 5, a gas-water separator for fuel cell, it includes casing 00, and casing 00 includes gas water inlet 10, gas water inlet 10 connects branch flow chamber 20 along length direction, branch flow chamber 20 includes 2 the same water knockout drum 21, and the gas-water mixture takes place the inflation deceleration when passing through gas water inlet 10 entering branch flow chamber 20 in, because gas-water proportion is different, and the big liquid drop among the gas mixture sinks behind the deceleration, therefore the gas in the gas-water mixture and big water drop can take place preliminary separation when the inflation deceleration. The water separator 21 extends to the flow divider 30 along the direction of the gas-water inlet 10, and the flow divider 30 is converged to the gas outlet 40 along the direction of the gas-water inlet 10; a fluid director 22 is arranged at the position where the flow splitting chamber 20 is connected with the gas-water inlet 10 to play a role in flow splitting, and the geometric center connecting line of the fluid director 22 is parallel to the direction of the gas-water inlet 10; be equipped with air water inlet pipe 211 along the flow direction top in the water knockout drum 21, air water inlet pipe 211 is along terminal internal opening of flow direction for air water outlet pipe 212, air water inlet pipe 211 with corresponding the axis coincidence of air water outlet pipe 212, air water inlet pipe 211 right-hand member internal diameter is greater than correspondingly air water outlet pipe 212 external diameter. The gas-water inlet pipe 211 is a conical table, the inner diameter of the left end of the gas-water inlet pipe is smaller than that of the right end of the gas-water inlet pipe, so that the gas flow speed is reduced, liquid water flows tightly against the wall surface, small particle liquid drops are adsorbed on the wall to be mixed into large liquid drops, when the liquid passes through the gas-water outlet pipe 212, the liquid flows into the cavity 213 due to the height difference, gas flows through the gas-water outlet pipe 212 in an accelerated manner, and the downstream of the cavity 213 is provided with a gas outlet and a liquid outlet. The flow divider 30 is a wire mesh, a liquid discharge joint 41 connected to the housing 00 is provided below the wire mesh, the liquid discharged from the liquid outlet and the liquid separated from the flow divider 30 after collision are used for being discharged through the liquid discharge joint 41, and the gas passing through the flow divider 30 is used for being discharged through the gas outlet 40. The fluid director 22 is a conical column and is used for uniformly dividing the gas-water fluid at the inlet into two parts. The flow divider 30 is oblate, and the inside of the flow divider can be filled with water drops in a small molecular state, so that the water drops are condensed into large liquid drops and then separated from gas.
In fig. 6, hollow arrows represent liquid, solid arrows represent gas, and as can be seen from fig. 6, after a gas-liquid mixture enters the diversion chamber from the gas-water inlet, the gas-liquid mixture is subjected to gas-liquid separation in each of the 2 water separators, most of the liquid can be collected in the cavity 213, gas carrying small droplets collides with the wire mesh after passing through the gas outlet, the small droplets in the gas collide with the wire mesh and then are adsorbed and collected, and dry gas separated after passing through the wire mesh enters the gas collection cavity 214 and is discharged from the gas outlet.
The gas-water separator for the fuel cell has the following operation principle that a gas-liquid mixture enters from a gas-water inlet 10 along a central axis, is guided by a flow guider 22 to change the direction of the gas-liquid mixture, and is uniformly divided into two water separators 21 in a flow dividing chamber 20, the flow direction of the gas-water mixture forms a certain angle with the central axis of a gas-water inlet pipe 211, so that the gas-liquid mixture in the gas-water inlet pipe 211 can collide with the inner wall of the gas-water inlet pipe 211, liquid is adsorbed and collected on the inner wall, and the flow fields of the gas-liquid mixture in each gas-liquid cavity 213 are completely consistent; the water drops moving along the pipe wall and the liquid drops with larger mass in the gas-liquid mixture in each cavity 213 enter an annular cavity formed by the inner wall of the corresponding cavity 213 and the outer wall of the gas-water outlet pipe 212 through inertia and collide against the right wall, the liquid water is adsorbed and gathered on the right wall and is discharged to the corresponding liquid outlet along the corresponding right wall by gravity, the separated gas in each cavity 213 returns back to enter the corresponding gas-water outlet pipe 212 and collides with the metal wire mesh through the gas-water outlet pipe 212, small liquid drops in the gas are adsorbed and gathered after colliding with the metal wire mesh, the adsorbed and gathered small liquid drops are gathered with the liquid water discharged from each liquid outlet under the action of gravity, the liquid water is discharged outwards through the liquid discharge joint 41 under the action of the internal-external pressure difference and the gravity, and the dry gas separated by the metal wire mesh enters the gas collection cavity 214 and is discharged outwards through the gas outlet 40.
Compared with the prior fuel cell water separator, the gas-liquid separator for the fuel cell mainly solves the problem of gas-liquid separation under the working condition of large flow of the cathode of the hydrogen fuel cell, thereby ensuring the safe and normal use of the cathode expander of the fuel cell.
Fig. 7 is a simulated distribution cloud chart of an internal flow field of the water-gas separator for the fuel cell shown in fig. 6, wherein dark colors in fig. 7 represent liquid, and light colors represent gas, it can be known from fig. 7 that after a gas-liquid mixture enters the water-gas separator from the gas-water inlet 10, the gas-liquid mixture can undergo gas-liquid separation in each cavity 213, most of the liquid can be gathered in each cavity 213, the gas carrying small droplets collides with a wire mesh after passing through a gas outlet, the small droplets in the gas are adsorbed and gathered after colliding with the wire mesh, and the gas separated by the wire mesh does not carry small droplets, which indicates that the gas-liquid separation effect of the gas-liquid separation device is good.
Fig. 8 is a simulation diagram of an internal flow field when a gas-liquid mixture in the water-gas separator for a fuel cell shown in fig. 6 enters the flow dividing chamber 20 through the gas-water inlet 10, and gas-liquid separation of the gas-liquid mixture does not occur yet.
The dark colored lines in fig. 9-10 represent liquid and the light colored lines represent gas.
Fig. 10 is a simulation diagram of an internal flow field when the gas-liquid mixture enters the plurality of chambers in the gas-water separator for a fuel cell shown in fig. 6, in which most of the liquid in the gas-liquid mixture is collected in each chamber 213.
Fig. 9 is a simulation diagram of an internal flow field of a part of gas discharged through a gas outlet in the water-gas separator for a fuel cell shown in fig. 6, and it can be seen from fig. 9 that most of the liquid in the gas-liquid mixture is collected in each cavity 213, the gas separated in the cavity 213 and carrying small droplets is turned back to enter the gas-water outlet pipe 212 and collides with the metal wire mesh after passing through the gas-water outlet pipe 212, the small droplets in the gas are adsorbed and collected after colliding with the metal wire mesh, and the part of the gas separated after passing through the metal wire mesh does not contain small droplets. The water mixture discharged from the cathode outlet of the fuel cell is conveyed to the gas-water separator through a pipeline for gas-water separation, before the gas-water mixture enters the gas-water inlet, liquid drops are condensed and aggregated due to heat exchange with the pipe wall in the pipeline, so that partial liquid drops in the gas-water mixture move along the pipe wall, after the gas-water mixture enters the gas-water inlet, partial liquid drops in the gas-water mixture still move along the pipe wall, after the gas-water mixture enters the flow splitting chamber from the gas-water inlet along the central axis, the flow direction of the gas-water mixture is changed under the guidance of the flow director, the gas drops respectively enter the corresponding gas-water inlet pipes of the flow splitters and flow to form a certain angle with the central axis of the gas-water inlet, then the gas hits the pipe wall for adsorption and aggregation, the liquid drops moving along the pipe wall and the liquid drops with larger mass enter the corresponding cavity 213 through inertia, and the liquid substances are aggregated at the position and flow to the corresponding liquid outlet along the right wall 15 of the cavity 213.
Fig. 10 is a simulation diagram of an internal flow field of most of the gas in the water-gas separator for the fuel cell shown in fig. 6 discharged through the gas outlet 40, and it can be seen from fig. 10 that most of the liquid in the gas-liquid mixture is collected in each cavity 213, the gas carrying small droplets after separation in the cavity 213 returns back to enter the gas-water outlet pipe 212, and collides with the metal wire mesh after passing through the gas-water outlet pipe 212, the small droplets in the gas are adsorbed and collected after colliding with the metal wire mesh, and most of the gas separated after passing through the metal wire mesh does not contain small droplets.
When the flow rate of the double-cavity water separator is 130g/s, the flow resistance is 3.9kpa.
Example 3
A gas-water separator for a fuel cell comprises a shell 00, wherein the shell 00 comprises a gas-water inlet 10, the gas-water inlet 10 is connected with a shunting chamber 20 along the length direction, the shunting chamber 20 is provided with only one water separator 21, the water separator 21 extends to a current divider 30 along the direction of the gas-water inlet 10, and the current divider 30 is converged to a gas outlet 40 along the direction of the gas-water inlet 10; a spiral fluid director 22 is arranged at the position where the flow splitting chamber 20 is connected with the gas-water inlet 10 to play a role in splitting flow, and the geometric center connecting line of the fluid director 22 is parallel to the direction of the gas-water inlet 10; the water knockout drum 21 is equipped with air water inlet pipe 211 along flowing to the initial end, air water inlet pipe 211 sets up air water outlet pipe 212 along flowing to end opening relatively, air water outlet pipe 212 connects the cavity 213 that casing 00 encloses. The axis of the gas-water inlet pipe 211 coincides with that of the gas-water outlet pipe 212, and the inner diameter of the right end of the gas-water inlet pipe 211 is larger than the outer diameter of the gas-water outlet pipe 212. The gas-water inlet pipe 211 is a conical table, the inner diameter of the left end of the gas-water inlet pipe is smaller than that of the right end of the gas-water inlet pipe, so that the gas flow speed is reduced, liquid water flows by abutting against the wall surface, small particle liquid drops are adsorbed on the wall to be mixed into large liquid drops, liquid flows into the cavity 213 due to the height difference when the liquid passes through the gas-water outlet pipe 212, gas flows through the gas-water outlet pipe 212 in an accelerated manner, and the downstream of the cavity 213 is provided with a gas outlet and a liquid outlet. The other structure is the same as embodiment 2.
When the flow rate is 130g/s, the flow resistance is 9.74kpa. In the third frequency doubling layer, the transfer loss curve of the gas-water separator for the fuel cell is shown in a light color series of a histogram in fig. 11, and data show that the large and small expansion cavity structure of the cathode water separator can effectively reduce the noise of the gas flow, and the effect of the water separator is the best between 1000Hz and 3150 Hz.
Example 4
A gas-water separator for a fuel cell comprises a shell 00, wherein the shell 00 comprises a gas-water inlet 10, the gas-water inlet 10 is connected with a shunting chamber 20 along the length direction, the shunting chamber 20 is provided with only one water separator 21, the water separator 21 extends to a current divider 30 along the direction of the gas-water inlet 10, and the current divider 30 is converged to a gas outlet 40 along the direction of the gas-water inlet 10; a spiral fluid director 22 is arranged at the position where the flow splitting chamber 20 is connected with the gas-water inlet 10 to play a role in splitting flow, and the geometric center connecting line of the fluid director 22 is parallel to the direction of the gas-water inlet 10; water knockout drum 21 is equipped with air water inlet pipe 211 along flowing to the top in, air water inlet pipe 211 sets up air water outlet pipe 212 along flowing to end opening relatively, the cavity that casing 00 encloses is connected to air water outlet pipe 212, air water inlet pipe 211 and corresponding the axis coincidence of air water outlet pipe 212, air water inlet pipe 211 right-hand member internal diameter equals correspondingly air water outlet pipe 212 internal diameter. The flow divider 30 is a wire mesh, a liquid discharge joint 41 connected with the housing 00 is arranged below the wire mesh, liquid discharged from the liquid outlet and liquid separated after colliding with the flow divider 30 are discharged outwards through the liquid discharge joint 41, and gas passing through the flow divider 30 is discharged outwards through the gas outlet 40. The fluid director 22 is a conical column and is used for uniformly dividing the gas-water fluid at the inlet into two parts. The flow divider 30 is oblate, and the inside of the flow divider can be filled with water drops in a small molecular state, so that the water drops are condensed into large liquid drops and then separated from gas.
When the flow is 130g/s, in a third frequency doubling layer, the transmission loss curve of the gas-water separator without the large and small expansion cavity structure for the fuel cell is shown in a dark series of a bar chart in fig. 11, and data show that the noise reduction effect of the gas-water separator is the best in the range from 2000HZ to 3150HZ, the transmission loss value is obviously lower than that of a light series in the range from 1000HZ to 2000HZ, which indicates that the gas-water separator without the large and small expansion cavity structure is weaker than that of the gas-water separator with the expansion cavity structure in the noise reduction range and effect, but still has certain noise reduction effect at 100-500HZ and 2000-3150HZ and is close to that of the gas-water separator with the expansion cavity structure.
In addition, the gas-liquid separator for the fuel cell can effectively perform gas-liquid separation on the gas-liquid mixture of the cathode of the hydrogen fuel cell under the working condition of large flow. And the more the number of the cavities of the water separator is, the smaller the flow resistance is under the same flow.
While the invention has been described with reference to several particular embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from the essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. The gas-water separator for the fuel cell comprises a shell (00) and is characterized in that a gas-water inlet (10), a flow dividing chamber (20), a flow divider (30) and an air outlet (40) which are sequentially communicated are arranged on the shell (00) along the flow direction, N identical water dividers (21) are arranged in the flow dividing chamber (20), the tail ends of the water dividers (21) along the flow direction are communicated with the flow divider (30), and the tail ends of the flow divider (30) along the flow direction are communicated with the air outlet (40) so as to weaken the impact of fluid of the gas-water inlet (10); n is not less than 2,N is an integer.
2. The gas-water separator for the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a flow guide (22) is arranged at the position where the flow dividing chamber (20) is connected with the gas-water inlet (10) to divide the entering fluid.
3. The gas-water separator for a fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the flow divider (30) is provided with a porous material in a flow direction to enhance the flow division, the porous material being one of a wire mesh, a wire ball, and a sponge ball.
4. The gas-water separator for a fuel cell as set forth in claim 2, wherein the geometric center line of the flow guide (22) is parallel to the central axis of the gas-water inlet (10).
5. The gas-water separator for a fuel cell as set forth in claim 2, wherein said flow guide (22) is spiral-shaped.
6. The gas-water separator for the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein a gas-water inlet pipe (211) is arranged in the starting end of the water separator (21) along the flow direction, the gas-water inlet pipe (211) is provided with a gas-water outlet pipe (212) along the flow direction, the opening of the tail end of the gas-water inlet pipe (211) is opposite to the opening of the tail end of the gas-water outlet pipe (212), the axis of the gas-water inlet pipe (211) coincides with that of the gas-water outlet pipe (212), and the inner diameter of the gas-water inlet pipe (211) along the flow direction tail end is larger than that of the outer diameter of the gas-water outlet pipe (212).
7. The gas-water separator for the fuel cell according to claim 1, wherein the gas-water separator (21) is provided with a gas-water inlet pipe (211) and a gas-water outlet pipe (212) which are opposite to each other, the gas-water outlet pipe (212) is connected with a cavity (213) enclosed by the shell (00), the water separator (21) is in a conical shape and has an inner diameter at the beginning of the flow direction smaller than that at the end of the flow direction so as to separate gas from water, and a gas outlet and a liquid outlet are arranged at the downstream of the cavity (213).
8. A gas-water separator for a fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein N =3.
9. The gas-water separator for a fuel cell according to claim 5, wherein a drain fitting (41) connected to the housing (00) is provided below the flow divider (30), the liquid discharged from the liquid outlet and the liquid separated after collision with the flow divider (30) are discharged to the outside through the drain fitting (41), and the gas passing through the flow divider (30) is discharged to the outside through the gas outlet (40).
10. The gas-water separator for a fuel cell as set forth in claim 2, wherein said flow guide (22) has a structure including any one of a circular truncated cone, a diaphragm, and a tapered pillar.
11. The gas-water separator for fuel cell as set forth in claim 7, wherein said separator (21) is provided with honeycomb holes extending toward the gas-water inlet (10).
12. The gas-water separator for the fuel cell as claimed in claim 7, wherein an expansion chamber is provided at the outer wall of the chamber (213) connected to the housing (00), and the expansion chamber is provided with sound attenuation fibers.
13. The gas-water separator for a fuel cell according to claim 2, wherein the flow divider (30) is oblate so as to adsorb water droplets in a small molecular state and condense them into large liquid droplets to achieve separation from the gas.
14. The gas-water separator for a fuel cell according to claim 3, wherein the wire mesh has a laminated porous structure.
15. The gas-water separator for the fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 14, wherein the flow range of the gas-water inlet (10) is 0 to 260g/s, and the flow range of the gas outlet (40) is 0 to 260g/s.
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| CN202210974025 | 2022-08-15 | ||
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN200984484Y (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2007-12-05 | 陆飞浩 | Horizontal type gas and liquid seperator |
| US20100024366A1 (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2010-02-04 | Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. | Gas-Liquid Separator with Dual Flow Impaction and Coalescence |
| CN215962555U (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-03-08 | 上海重塑能源科技有限公司 | Gas-liquid separation device for fuel cell |
| CN216909520U (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-07-08 | 上海重塑能源科技有限公司 | Gas-liquid separation device for fuel cell system |
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- 2022-09-20 CN CN202211141162.8A patent/CN115463482B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN200984484Y (en) * | 2006-12-21 | 2007-12-05 | 陆飞浩 | Horizontal type gas and liquid seperator |
| US20100024366A1 (en) * | 2008-07-31 | 2010-02-04 | Cummins Filtration Ip, Inc. | Gas-Liquid Separator with Dual Flow Impaction and Coalescence |
| CN215962555U (en) * | 2021-10-22 | 2022-03-08 | 上海重塑能源科技有限公司 | Gas-liquid separation device for fuel cell |
| CN216909520U (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-07-08 | 上海重塑能源科技有限公司 | Gas-liquid separation device for fuel cell system |
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